Academic interests
- Adolescents’ dietary habits, factors shaping these habits and health equity
- Obesity and overweight prevention among adolescents
- Nutrition policy formulation and evaluation
Positions
- Adjunct Professor of Medicine (Public Health Nutrition), Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 2006 – present
- Executive Director, The Division of Mental and Physical Health, the Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 2015 – present
- Director General of the Division of Public Health, the Norwegian Directorate of Health, 2006–2015
- Head, Centre for Prevention of Global Infections (GLOBINF), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 2004–2010
- Professor of Medicine (Public Health Nutrition), Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 1996–2006
- Professor, Health Promotion Research, Research Centre for Health Promotion, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, 1995–1996
- Director, the Tanzanian - Norwegian AIDS Prevention Project, Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, 1994¬–1995
- Adjunct Professor, Community Health, Nordic School of Public Health, Gothenburg, 1992–1994
- Senior Researcher, Centre for International Health/Research Centre for Health Promotion, University of Bergen, 1991–1994
- Head of Research Center for Health Promotion, Department of Psychosocial Sciences, University of Bergen, 1990–1991
- Senior Researcher, Department of Social Psychology, University of Bergen, 1987–1989
Education
- Doctor of Philosophy, Behavioral Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, 1984-1987
- Master of Public Health, Physiological Hygiene, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, 1983-1984
- Candidatus Scientiarum, Community Nutrition, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, 1979-1982
- Candidatus Magister, Social Anthropology and Nutrition Physiology, Faculty of Social Sciences and Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, 1975-1978
Active Research Support
- Coordinator (PI), European Commission: Confronting Obesity: Co-creating policy with adolescents (H2020 - REA B2: 774210 CO-CREATE), 2018-2023; € 9.6 million
Major Past Research Support
- Co-Investigator, European Commission: Promoting sexual and reproductive health among adolescents in southern and eastern Africa – mobilizing schools, parents and communities (HEALTH-2009-241945 PREPARE), 2010-2014
- Co-Investigator, European Commission: European Energy Balance Research to Prevent Excessive Weight Gain among Youth (HEALTH-F2-2009-223254 ENERGY), 2009-2012
- Principal Investigator, the Norwegian University Council (NUFU): A comprehensive school- and health system-based approach to adolescent health promotion in South Africa and Tanzania (LASH), 2007-2011
- Principal Investigator, the Norwegian Research Council: Promoting healthy weight among school children (HEIA), 2006-2010
- Co-Investigator, European Commission: Health-promotion though obesity prevention across Europe: an integrated analysis to support European Health Policy (SP5-CT-2006-044128 HOPE), 2007-2009
- Co-Investigator, European Commission: Preventing socioeconomic inequalities in health behaviour in adolescents in Europe: collecting and disseminating evidence throughout Europe (DG Sanco No. 7446 TEENAGE), 2007-2010
- Co-Investigator, European Commission: Key Determinants of the future incidence of cancer across Europe: Impact of prevention (SP23-CT-2005-006528 EUROCADET), 2006-2009
- Co-Investigator, the Norwegian Research Council: The Oslo Youth Study: A 27-Year Follow-up Study (1979-2006), 2006-2009
- Principal Investigator, the Norwegian Research Council: Change agents or cultural reproducers? A study of teachers' influence on school-based HIV/AIDS prevention efforts in Sub-Saharan Africa, 2005-2007
- Principal Investigator, the Norwegian Research Council: Promoting Healthy Eating: Evaluating Computer-Tailored Interventions. 2005-2007
- Coordinator, European Commission: Promoting and Sustaining Health through Increased Vegetable and Fruit Consumption among European Schoolchildren (QLK1-CT-2001-00547 Pro Children), 2002-2006
- Co-Investigator, European Commission: Promoting Sexual and Reproductive Health. School-based HIV/AIDS Intervention in Sub-Saharan Africa (ICA4-CT-2002-10038 SATZ), 2002-2006
- Principal Investigator, the Norwegian University Council (NUFU): Health System Research and Health Promotion in Relation to Reproductive Health: Community Health Development: An Intervention Study among Young People in Kahe, Tanzania, 2001-2006
- Principal Investigator, The Norwegian Research Council: Promoting fruits and vegetables among primary school children, 2000-2003
- Principal Investigator, Health and Rehabilitation: Know Your Body: A 20-Year Follow-up Study: 1979-1999, 2000-2003
- Principal Investigator, The Norwegian Research Council: Breastfeeding promotion and the dilemma posed by AIDS. Evaluating revised WHO guidelines in a resource-poor high HIV-prevalence setting, 2000-2002
- Coordinator, European Commission: The Adolescent Reproductive Health Network: Health System and Health Promotion Research in Eastern and Southern Africa, 1997-2001
- Co-Principal Investigator, The Norwegian University Council (NUFU): Health System Research and Health Promotion in Relation to Reproductive Health, 1996-2001
- Principal Investigator, The Norwegian Research Council: The Norwegian Longitudinal Health Behavior Study, 1998-2001
- Principal Investigator, The Norwegian Cancer Society: The Oslo Youth Study: A 20-Year Follow-up Study, 1999
- Principal Investigator, The Norwegian Cancer Society: The Norwegian Longitudinal Health Behavior Study, 1998
- Co-Principal Investigator, The Norwegian University Council (NUFU): Health System Research and Health Promotion in Relation to Reproductive Health, 1996-1999
- Principal Investigator, The Norwegian Research Council: The Norwegian Longitudinal Health Behavior Study, 1995-1997
- Principal Investigator, The Norwegian Research Council for Science and the Humanities: The Know Your Body: A Follow-up Study: 1979-1991, 1991-1994
- Principal Investigator, The Norwegian Research Council for Science and the Humanities/ Center for Health Promotion Research, University of Bergen: The Norwegian Longitudinal Health Behavior Study, 1989-1992Principal Investigator, The Norwegian Cancer Society: Know Your Body: A Follow-up Study: 1979-1991, 1989-1991
- Principal Investigator, The Norwegian Research Council for Science and the Humanities; HIV/AIDS Risk Among Norwegian Schoolchildren: A Prospective, Analytical Investigation, 1988-1993
- Principal Investigator, The Norwegian Research Council for Applied Social Sciences; Promoting Healthy Eating-Patterns Among Adolescents: A Community-Based Approach, 1987-1990
Major Consultations and Advisory Boards
- Member, the WHO Nutrition Guidance Expert Advisory Group (NUGAG) Subgroup on Policy Actions, World Health Organization, 2018–present
- Member, Scientific Advisory Committee, the STOP (Science & Technology in Childhood Obesity Policy) project; the Horizon 2020 Framework Program, EU, 2018–present
- Chair, Research Program on the Effects of Teacher Density, the Norwegian Research Council, 2015–2019
- Member, Policy Advisory Group (PAG), World Cancer Research Fund International, 2014–present
- Member, the Health&Care21 Strategy Committee, Health&Care21, Ministry of Health and Care Services, 2013–2014; Member, The Health&Care21 Advisory Board, 2016-2019
- Rapporteur, the Ad-hoc Working Group on Implementation, Monitoring and Accountability for Ending Childhood Obesity, World Health Organization, 2014–2017
- Chair, the National Group for Coordinating Research after the 2011 Terrorist Attacks in Norway, 2012-2014
- Member, “The Senator Group”; Senior scientists advising WHO on the Vienna Declaration from the European Ministerial Conference on Nutrition and Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD), Vienna July 4-5, 2013 and on the WHO Euro Food and Nutrition Action Plan 2014-2020
- Member, WHO International Steering Committee of the First Global Ministerial Conference on Healthy Lifestyles and Non-Communicable Disease Control, 2010-2011
- Chair, WHO Euro: European Action Network on Reducing Marketing Pressure on Children, 2008–2015
- President (President-Elect and Past-President), International Society of Behavioural Nutrition and Physical Activity, 2009–2012
- Member, Scientific Advisory Board, Joint Programming Initiative (JPI): A healthy diet for a healthy life, EU, 2010–2015
- Chair, the Norwegian National Council on Nutrition, 2003–2006
- Chair, Program Committee for Research Program on Public Health, the Norwegian Research Council, 2005
- Chair, Research Program on Health and Society, the Norwegian Research Council, 2000–2005
- Chair, the Norwegian National Council on Nutrition and Physical Activity, 1999–2003
- Member, Technical Steering Committee, Child and Adolescent Health and Development, WHO, Geneva, 1999–2001
- Chair, Program on Preventive Medicine, The Norwegian Research Council, 1997–2000
Publications
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Vlad, Ioana; Oldrigde-Turner, Kate; Klepp, Knut Inge; Rutter, Harry; Mathisen, Jonas Rekdal & Helleve, Arnfinn
[Show all 17 contributors for this article]
(2023).
The development of the NOURISHING and MOVING benchmarking tools to monitor and evaluate national governments' nutrition and physical activity policies to address obesity in the European region.
Obesity Reviews.
ISSN 1467-7881.
24.
doi:
10.1111/obr.13541.
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Aarø, Leif Edvard; Ohm, Eyvind; Skogen, Jens Christoffer; Nilsen, Thomas Sevenius; Knapstad, Marit & Vedaa, Øystein
[Show all 9 contributors for this article]
(2023).
A cross-sectional study of the relationship between injuries and quality of life, psychological distress, sleeping problems, and global subjective health in adults from three Norwegian counties.
Health and Quality of Life Outcomes.
ISSN 1477-7525.
21,
p. 1–10.
doi:
10.1186/s12955-023-02191-1.
Full text in Research Archive
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Nesrallah, Samantha; Klepp, Knut Inge; Ljøsne, Isabelle Sylvie Budin; Luszczynska, Aleksandra; Brinsden, Hannah & Rutter, Harry
[Show all 11 contributors for this article]
(2023).
Youth engagement in research and policy: The CO-CREATE framework to optimize power balance and mitigate risks of conflicts of interest.
Obesity Reviews.
ISSN 1467-7881.
24(S1).
doi:
10.1111/obr.13549.
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Show summary
SummaryIncluding youth in the co-creation of policies that affect them has proven to be par-ticularly impactful in public health. Using youth participatory action researchmethods, the CO-CREATE project engages European youth 16–18 years old in theco-creation of obesity prevention policies. To discuss the feasibility and implicationsof the policy, youth are invited to engage in an intergenerational dialogue. Given theyouth–adult dynamic and policy discussion, conflicts of interests (COIs) can arise andimpact the quality of the dialogue. COI frameworks are a tool that can help identify,mitigate, and address COIs. This paper presents a novel framework to mitigate COIsin intergenerational policy dialogues, with a focus on power imbalance. Following aseries of youth consultations, interviews, and examination of existing frameworks,our findings suggest that safe, participatory, and empowering dialogues can takeplace if appropriate measures are integrated into all phases of a dialogue. The selec-tion of stakeholders, use of accessible language, and youth moderation are all factorsthat can impact COI risks. Measures that promote mutual empowerment, such asequal representation of youth and adults, were deemed important. This frameworkprovides a roadmap to ensure that youth participation in the formulation of policiesis safe and empowering.
KEYWORDS:
conflicts of interest, overweight and obesity, policy, youth participation
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Richardsen, Helene Kristin; Bere, Elling Tufte; Stea, Tonje Holte; Klepp, Knut Inge & Engeset, Dagrun
(2023).
Effect of Ending the Nationwide Free School Fruit Scheme on the Intake of Fruits, Vegetables, and Unhealthy Snacks in Norwegian School Children Aged 10–12 Years.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH).
ISSN 1661-7827.
20(3).
doi:
10.3390/ijerph20032489.
Full text in Research Archive
Show summary
The Norwegian authorities started a nationwide free school fruit program in 2007, implemented in all secondary schools (grades 8–10) and combined schools (grades 1–10) in Norway. The program ended in 2014. This study evaluates the effect of ending the nationwide free school fruit program on the consumption of fruit, vegetables, and unhealthy snacks among Norwegian sixth and seventh graders. The study sample consists of pupils at 18 schools that participated in all data collections in the Fruits and Vegetables Make the Marks project (FVMM), initiated in 2001, with new data collections in 2008 and 2018. Four of the schools were combined schools, therefore children in sixth and seventh grade at these schools received free fruit in 2008 (intervention schools), and fourteen schools did not (control schools). Between 2008 and 2018, pupils at the intervention schools ate a lower proportion of fruits and vegetables per school week, and the consumption of unhealthy snacks increased compared to the control schools. Completion of the free fruit program was not significantly different for boys and girls, or low and high parental education. The results indicate that the end of the free school fruit program resulted in less healthy eating habits among children.
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Fismen, Anne-Siri; Mathisen, Jonas Rekdal; Vlad, Ioana; Oldridge-Turner, Kate; O'Mara, Jennifer & Klepp, Knut Inge
[Show all 10 contributors for this article]
(2022).
Pilot test of the NOURISHING policy index—Assessing governmental nutrition policies in five European countries.
Obesity Reviews.
ISSN 1467-7881.
24(S1),
p. 1–10.
doi:
10.1111/obr.13532.
Full text in Research Archive
Show summary
The NOURISHING database is a repository of more than 1000 verified nutrition anddiet-related governmental policy actions currently in effect globally. The database isa unique and rich data source on governmental policy actions with a potential fordeveloping tools that capture the overall policy efforts in a country, identify policygaps, and enable cross-national comparisons. Policy actions from a sample of fiveEuropean countries have been benchmarked against aspirational standards using theNOURISHING benchmarking tool. This paper presents the results of the pilot testingfrom the benchmarking process for the construction of the NOURISHING policyindex. The development of the index was guided by existing tools for developingcomposite indicators. The findings from the pilot test indicate that the NOURISHINGpolicy index can identify both policy gaps and cross-national policy differences. Theseresults demonstrate that the policy index merits testing on a larger sample to identifypotential refinements.
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Klepp, Knut Inge; Helleve, Arnfinn; Fismen, Anne-Siri & Rutter, Harald Roderick
(2022).
Improving the health of adolescents: the Nordic countries can help fill the evidence gap.
Scandinavian Journal of Public Health.
ISSN 1403-4948.
50(7),
p. 887–891.
doi:
10.1177/14034948221124675.
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Show summary
While in the Nordic countries we have well-developed welfare policies and several structural, statutory measures in place aiming to promote public health, studies from these countries are often absent from systematic reviews of research literature assessing the effects of policy measures designed to promote health. Using adolescent health promotion and efforts related to primary prevention of obesity as an example, this short commentary aims to illustrate the paucity of well-designed studies investigating the effects of public health policies affecting adolescents. This paper argues that the Nordic research community is in a good position to help fill this gap, and to contribute more widely to the international literature on evaluation of policy interventions.
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Fismen, Anne-Siri; Galler, Martina; Klepp, Knut Inge; Chatelan, Angeline; Residori, Caroline & Ojala, Kristiina
[Show all 17 contributors for this article]
(2022).
Weight Status and Mental Well-Being Among Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Self-Perceived Body Weight. A Cross-National Survey.
Journal of Adolescent Health.
ISSN 1054-139X.
71(2),
p. 187–195.
doi:
10.1016/j.jadohealth.2022.02.010.
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Purpose
Overweight and obesity are associated with poor mental health in adolescents. However, little is known about whether the influence of overweight and obesity on mental well-being is mediated by self-perceived body weight. Exploring the mechanisms underlying the relationships between obesity and mental well-being is of interest to policy makers and others working in the field of adolescent health.
Methods
This study was based on nationally representative data from adolescents (age 15 years) who participated in the 2017/2018 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study (47 countries, N = 76,998). Mixed regression models that included gender and socioeconomic status as covariates were used to identify associations between weight status and mental well-being (life satisfaction and subjective health complaints) and to explore whether self-perceived body weight (feeling too thin or too fat) has a mediating effect. Associations between weight status, self-perceived weight, and mental well-being were further assessed country by country.
Results
Self-perceived body weight mediated the observed associations between overweight or obesity and mental well-being. Perceiving one's body weight as “too thin” or “too fat” was associated with poorer mental well-being, regardless of weight status. Self-perceived body weight varied by gender, socioeconomic status, and country.
Discussion
Self-perceived body weight may explain, to a greater extent than body mass index, variation in mental well-being among adolescents. These results are important to policy makers, clinicians, and others targeting adolescent health.
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Gebremariam, Mekdes Kebede; Nianogo, Roch A.; Lien, Nanna; Bjelland, Mona; Klepp, Knut Inge & Bergh, Ingunn Holden
[Show all 8 contributors for this article]
(2021).
The impact of hypothetical interventions on adiposity in adolescence.
Scientific Reports.
ISSN 2045-2322.
11.
doi:
10.1038/s41598-021-90415-z.
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In order to develop effective public health initiatives aimed at promoting healthy weight development, identifying the interventions/combination of interventions with the highest beneficial effect on body weight is vital. The study aimed to estimate the mean BMI at age 13 under hypothetical interventions targeting dietary behavior, physical activity and screen time at age 11. We used data from a school-based cohort study of 530 participants followed between the ages of 11 and 13. We used g-computation, a causal modeling method, to estimate the impact of single and combined hypothetical behavioral interventions at age 11 on BMI at age 13. Of the hypothetical interventions, the one with the largest population mean difference in BMI was the one combining all interventions (dietary behavior, physical activity and screen time interventions) and assuming 100% intervention adherence, with a population mean differences of − 0.28 (95% CI − 0.59, 0.07). Isolated behavioral interventions had a limited impact on BMI. This study demonstrated that a combination of healthy dietary behavior and physical activity promotion, as well as screen time reduction interventions at age 11 could have the highest beneficial effect on the reduction of BMI at age 13, although the change in BMI was small. The findings highlight the importance of a systems approach to obesity prevention focusing on multicomponent interventions.
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Flodgren, Gerd Monika; Helleve, Arnfinn; Lobstein, Tim; Rutter, Harry & Klepp, Knut Inge
(2020).
Primary prevention of overweight and obesity in adolescents: An overview of systematic reviews.
Obesity Reviews.
ISSN 1467-7881.
21(11).
doi:
10.1111/obr.13102.
Full text in Research Archive
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Stea, Tonje Holte; Tveter, Eline Tønnesson; te Velde, Saskia J.; Vik, Frøydis Nordgård; Klepp, Knut Inge & Bere, Elling Tufte
(2018).
The effect of an extra piece of fruit or vegetables at school on weight status in two generations - 14 years follow-up of the Fruit and Vegetables Makes the Marks study.
PLOS ONE.
ISSN 1932-6203.
13:e0205498(10).
doi:
10.1371/journal.pone.0205498.
Full text in Research Archive
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Bolt-Evensen, Kathrine; Vik, Frøydis Nordgård; Stea, Tonje Holte; Klepp, Knut Inge & Bere, Elling
(2018).
Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and artificially sweetened beverages from childhood to adulthood in relation to socioeconomic status - 15 years follow-up in Norway.
International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity.
ISSN 1479-5868.
15:8,
p. 1–9.
doi:
10.1186/s12966-018-0646-8.
Full text in Research Archive
Show summary
BACKGROUND:
In Norway, social inequalities in health and health-related behaviors have been reported despite the well-developed welfare state. The objective of the present study was to analyze; (i) the development in frequency of consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and artificially sweetened beverages (ASB) from childhood to adulthood; (ii) socioeconomic inequalities in the consumption of SSB and ASB using different indicators of socioeconomic status (SES); (iii) time trends in potential disparities in SSB and ASB consumption among different socioeconomic groups to assess the development in socioeconomic inequality from childhood to adulthood.
METHODS:
This study uses data from the Fruits and Vegetables Make the Marks (FVMM) longitudinal cohort, including participants (n = 437) from 20 random schools from two Norwegian counties. Data from the first survey in 2001 (mean age 11.8) and follow-up surveys in 2005 (mean age 15.5) and 2016 (mean age 26.5) were used. Consumption of SSB and ASB were measured using a food frequency questionnaire, which the participants completed at school in 2001 and 2005, and online in 2016. Various indicators of SES were included; in 2001, parental education and income were measured, in 2005, participants' educational intentions in adolescence were measured, and in 2016, participants' own education and income were measured. The main analyses conducted were linear mixed effects analysis of the repeated measures.
RESULTS:
Between 2001 and 2016, a decrease in frequency of consumption of SSB (2.8 v 1.3 times/week; p = < 0.001) and an increase in frequency of consumption of ASB (1.1 v 1.6 times/week; p = 0.002) were observed. Participants with a higher educational level in adulthood and higher educational intentions in adolescence had a significantly lower frequency of consumption of SSB at all time points (2001, 2005 and 2016). No significant widening (or narrowing) of inequalities were observed from childhood to adulthood.
CONCLUSIONS:
A decrease in consumption of SSB and an increase in consumption of ASB from childhood to adulthood were found. Participants with high SES consumed in general less SSB (but not ASB), however, results varied depending on SES indicator used. The established inequalities persisted from childhood to adulthood.
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Bjelland, Mona; Hausken, Solveig E. Sand; Bergh, Ingunn Holden; Grydeland, May; Klepp, Knut Inge & Andersen, Lene Frost
[Show all 8 contributors for this article]
(2015).
Changes in adolescents’ and parents’ intakes of sugar-sweetened beverages, fruit and vegetables after 20 months : results from the HEIA study - a comprehensive, multi-component school-based randomized trial.
Food & Nutrition Research (FNR).
ISSN 1654-6628.
59:25932.
doi:
10.3402/fnr.v59.25932.
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Bere, Elling; Klepp, Knut Inge & Øverby, Nina Cecilie
(2014).
Free school fruit: Can an extra piece of fruit every school day contribute to the prevention of future weight gain? A cluster randomized trial.
Food & Nutrition Research (FNR).
ISSN 1654-6628.
58.
doi:
10.3402/fnr.v58.23194.
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Bergh, Ingunn Holden; van Stralen, Maartje M.; Bjelland, Mona; Grydeland, May; Lien, Nanna & Klepp, Knut Inge
[Show all 8 contributors for this article]
(2014).
Post-intervention effects on screen behaviours and mediating effect of parental regulation : the HEalth In Adolescents study – a multi-component school-based randomized controlled trial.
BMC Public Health.
ISSN 1471-2458.
14(1).
doi:
10.1186/1471-2458-14-200.
Show summary
Background: To improve effectiveness of future screen behaviour interventions, one needs to know whether an
intervention works via the proposed mediating mechanisms and whether the intervention is equally effective
among subgroups. Parental regulation is identified as a consistent correlate of screen behaviours, but prospective
evidence as well as the mediation role of parental regulation is largely lacking. This study investigated postintervention
main effects on screen behaviours in the HEIA-intervention – a Norwegian school-based multiplebehaviour
study, as well as mediation effects of parental regulation by adolescents’ and parents’ report. In addition,
moderating effects of gender and weight status on the intervention and mediating effects were explored.
Methods: Participating schools were randomized to control (n = 25) or intervention (n = 12) condition. Adolescents
(n = 908 Control; 510 Intervention) self-reported their weekday and weekend TV-viewing and computer/game-use.
Change in adolescents’ behaviours was targeted through school and parents. Adolescents, mothers (n = 591
Control; 244 Interventions) and fathers (n = 469 Control; 199 Intervention) reported parental regulation of the screen
behaviours post-intervention (at 20 month). The product-of-coefficient test using linear regression analysis was
conducted to examine main and mediating effects.
Results: There was no intervention effect on the screen behaviours in the total sample. Gender moderated effect
on weekend computer/game-use, while weight status moderated the effect on weekday TV-viewing and
computer/game-use. Stratified analyses showed a small favourable intervention effect on weekday TV-viewing
among the normal weight. Parental regulation did not mediate change in the screen behaviours. However, stronger
parental regulation was associated with less TV-viewing and computer/game-use with effects being conditional on
adolescents’ versus parental reports. Parental regulation of the screen behaviours, primarily by the parental report,
was associated with change in the respective behaviours.
Conclusion: Multiple behaviour intervention may not affect all equally well, and the effect may differ by weight
status and gender. In future interventions parents should be encouraged to regulate their adolescents’ TV-viewing
and computer/game-use on both weekdays and weekends as parental regulation was identified as a determinant
of these screen behaviours. However, future intervention studies may need to search for more effective intervention
strategies targeting parental regulation.
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Grydeland, May; Bjelland, Mona; Anderssen, Sigmund Alfred; Klepp, Knut Inge; Bergh, Ingunn Holden & Andersen, Lene Frost
[Show all 8 contributors for this article]
(2014).
Effects of a 20-month cluster randomised controlled school-based intervention trial on BMI of school-aged boys and girls: The HEIA study.
British Journal of Sports Medicine.
ISSN 0306-3674.
48(9),
p. 768–773.
doi:
10.1136/bjsports-2013-092284.
Show summary
Background: School-based interventions that target prevention of overweight and obesity in children have been tested with mixed results. Thus, successful interventions are still called for. The aim of the present study was to investigate effects of a multicomponent school-based intervention programme targeting physical activity, sedentary and dietary behaviours on anthropometric outcomes.
Methods: A 20-month intervention was evaluated in a cluster randomised, controlled study of 1324 11-year-olds. Outcome variables were body mass index (BMI), BMI-for-age z-score (BMIz), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WTHR) and weight status (International Obesity Task Force's cut-offs). Weight, height and WC were measured objectively; pubertal status was self-reported and parental education was self-reported by the parents. Intervention effects were determined by one-way analysis of covariance and logistic regression, after checking for clustering effects of school, and moderating effects of gender, pubertal status and parental education.
Results: Beneficial effects were found for BMI (p=0.02) and BMIz (p=0.003) in girls, but not in boys. While a beneficial effect was found for BMI (p=0.03) in participants of parents reporting a high level of education, a negative effect was found for WTHR in participants with parents reporting a low level of education (p=0.003). There were no intervention effects for WC and weight status.
Conclusions: A multicomponent 20-month school-based intervention had a beneficial effect on BMI and BMIz in adolescent girls, but not in boys. Furthermore, children of higher educated parents seemed to benefit more from the intervention, and this needs attention in future interventions to avoid further increase in social inequalities in overweight and obesity.
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Franchini, Bela; Poinhos, Rui; Klepp, Knut Inge & de Almeida, Maria Daniel Vaz
(2013).
Fruit and vegetables: intake and sociodemographic determinants among Portuguese mothers.
Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism.
ISSN 0250-6807.
63(1-2),
p. 131–138.
doi:
10.1159/000351987.
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Øverby, Nina Cecilie; Klepp, Knut Inge & Bere, Elling
(2013).
Changes in screen time activity in Norwegian children from 2001 to 2008: two cross sectional studies.
BMC Public Health.
ISSN 1471-2458.
13.
doi:
10.1186/1471-2458-13-80.
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Grydeland, May; Bergh, Ingunn Holden; Bjelland, Mona; Lien, Nanna; Andersen, Lene Frost & Ommundsen, Yngvar
[Show all 8 contributors for this article]
(2013).
Intervention effects on physical activity: the HEIA study - a cluster randomized controlled trial.
International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity.
ISSN 1479-5868.
10.
doi:
10.1186/1479-5868-10-17.
Show summary
Background:
Although school-based interventions to promote physical activity in adolescents have been suggested in several recent reviews, questions have been raised regarding the effects of the strategies and the methodology applied and for whom the interventions are effective. The aim of the present study was to investigate effects of a school-based intervention program: the HEalth in Adolescents (HEIA) study, on change in physical activity, and furthermore, to explore whether potential effects varied by gender, weight status, initial physical activity level and parental education level.
Methods:
This was a cluster randomized controlled 20 month intervention study which included 700 11-year-olds. Main outcome-variable was mean count per minute (cpm) derived from ActiGraph accelerometers (Model 7164/GT1M). Weight and height were measured objectively. Adolescents reported their pubertal status in a questionnaire and parents reported their education level on the consent form. Linear mixed models were used to test intervention effects and to account for the clustering effect of sampling by school.
Results:
The present study showed an intervention effect on overall physical activity at the level of p = 0.05 with a net effect of 50 cpm increase from baseline to post intervention in favour of the intervention group (95% CI -0.4, 100). Subgroup analyses showed that the effect appeared to be more profound among girls (Est 65 cpm, CI 5, 124, p = 0.03) and among participants in the low-activity group (Est 92 cpm, CI 41, 142, p < 0.001), as compared to boys and participants in the high-activity group, respectively. Furthermore, the intervention affected physical activity among the normal weight group more positively than among the overweight, and participants with parents having 13--16 years of education more positively than participants with parents having either a lower or higher number of years of education. The intervention seemed to succeed in reducing time spent sedentary among girls but not among boys.
Conclusions:
A comprehensive but feasible, multi-component school-based intervention can affect physical activity patterns in adolescents by increasing overall physical activity. This intervention effect seemed to be more profound in girls than boys, low-active adolescents compared to high-active adolescents, participants with normal weight compared to the overweight, and for participants with parents of middle education level as opposed to those with high and low education levels, respectively. An implementation of the HEIA intervention components in the school system may have a beneficial effect on public health by increasing overall physical activity among adolescents and possibly among girls and low-active adolescents in particular.
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Grydeland, May; Bergh, Ingunn Holden; Bjelland, Mona; Lien, Nanna; Andersen, Lene Frost & Ommundsen, Yngvar
[Show all 8 contributors for this article]
(2012).
Correlates of weight status among Norwegian 11-year-olds: The HEIA study.
BMC Public Health.
ISSN 1471-2458.
12.
doi:
10.1186/1471-2458-12-1053.
Show summary
Background:
The underlying mechanisms of overweight and obesity in adolescents are still not fully understood. The aim of this study was to investigate modifiable and non-modifiable correlates of weight status among 1103 Norwegian 11-year-old adolescents in the HEalth in Adolescents (HEIA) study, including demographic factors such as gender and parental education, and behavioral factors such as intake of sugar-sweetened beverages, snacks and breakfast consumption, watching TV and playing computer games, physical activity and sedentary time.
Methods:
Weight and height were measured objectively, body mass index (BMI) was calculated and International Obesity Task Force cut-offs were used to define weight status. Physical activity and sedentary time were measured by accelerometers. Other behavioral correlates and pubertal status were self-reported by questionnaires. Parental education was reported by the parents on the consent form for their child. Associations were investigated using logistic regressions.
Results:
There were gender differences in behavioral correlates of weight status but not for weight status itself. Adolescents with parents in the highest education category had a 46% reduced odds of being overweight compared to adolescents with parents in the lowest education category. Adolescents with parents with medium education had 42% lower odds of being overweight than adolescents with parents with the lowest education category. Level of parental education, breakfast consumption and moderate to vigorous physical activity were positively associated with being normal weight, and time watching TV was positively associated with being overweight for the total sample. Gender differences were detected; boys had a doubled risk of being overweight for every additional hour of watching TV per week, while for girls there was no association.
Conclusions:
The present study showed a social gradient in weight status in 11-year-olds. Both breakfast consumption and moderate to vigorous physical activity were inversely associated with weight status. No associations were found between intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and snacks, playing computer games and weight status. Watching TV was positively associated with weight status for boys but not for girls. Interventions are needed to gain more insight into the correlates of change in weight status.
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Franchini, B.; Poinhos, R.; Klepp, Knut Inge & de Almeida, M.D.V.
(2012).
Contribution of vegetable soup to total vegetables intake and its determinants among mothers in Portugal.
British Food Journal.
ISSN 0007-070X.
114(8-9),
p. 1325–1338.
doi:
10.1108/00070701211258853.
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Bergh, Ingunn Holden; Bjelland, Mona; Grydeland, May; Lien, Nanna; Andersen, Lene Frost & Klepp, Knut Inge
[Show all 8 contributors for this article]
(2012).
Mid-way and post-intervention effects on potential determinants of physical activity and sedentary behavior, results of the HEIA study - a multi-component school-based randomized trial.
International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity.
ISSN 1479-5868.
9.
doi:
10.1186/1479-5868-9-63.
Show summary
Background:
There is limited knowledge as to whether obesity prevention interventions are able to produce change in the determinants hypothesized to precede change in energy balance-related behaviors in young people. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a multi-component intervention on a wide range of theoretically informed determinants of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB). Moderation effects of gender, weight status and parental education level and whether the perceived intervention dose received influenced the effects were also explored.
Methods:
The HEIA study was a 20-month school-based, randomized controlled trial to promote healthy weight development. In total, 1418 11-year-olds participated at baseline and post-intervention assessment. Enjoyment, self-efficacy, perceived social support from parents, teachers and friends related to PA, perceived parental regulation of TV-viewing and computer/game-use and perceived social inclusion at schools were examined by covariance analyses to assess overall effects and moderation by gender, weight status and parental education, mid-way and post-intervention. Covariance analyses were also used to examine the role of intervention dose received on change in the determinants.
Results:
At mid-way enjoyment (p = .03), perceived social support from teachers (p = .003) and self-efficacy (p = .05) were higher in the intervention group. Weight status moderated the effect on self-efficacy, with a positive effect observed among the normal weight only. At post-intervention results were sustained for social support from teachers (p = .001), while a negative effect was found for self-efficacy (p = .02). Weight status moderated the effect on enjoyment, with reduced enjoyment observed among the overweight. Moderation effects for parental education level were detected for perceived social support from parents and teachers. Finally, positive effects on several determinants were observed among those receiving a high as opposed to a low intervention dose.
Conclusion:
The intervention affected both psychological and social-environmental determinants. Results indicate that social support from teachers might be a potential mediator of PA change, and that overweight adolescents might be in need of specially targeted interventions to avoid reducing their enjoyment of PA. Further studies should continue to assess how intervention effectiveness is influenced by the participants’ self-reported dose of intervention received.
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Bergh, Ingunn Holden; Grydeland, May; Bjelland, Mona; Lien, Nanna; Andersen, Lene Frost & Klepp, Knut Inge
[Show all 8 contributors for this article]
(2011).
Personal and social-environmental correlates of objectively measured physical activity in Norwegian pre-adolescent children.
Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports.
ISSN 0905-7188.
21(6),
p. E315–E324.
doi:
10.1111/j.1600-0838.2011.01295.x.
Show summary
The aim of this study was to examine modifiable biological, psychological, behavioral and social-environmental correlates of physical activity among 1129 Norwegian 11-year-old children within a cross-sectional sample from the HEalth In Adolescents study. Physical activity was assessed by accelerometer, and weight and height were measured objectively. Age- and gender-specific cut-off points proposed by the International Obesity Task Force were used to define body mass index. Social-environmental variables were self-reported by questionnaire. Hierarchical regression (linear mixed models) revealed that normal weight children scored higher on percentage daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [% daily moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA)] than overweight/obese children (P<0.001). Self-efficacy (P<0.01) and perceived social support from friends (P<0.01) were positively associated with children's % daily MVPA, and a negative association was found for computer/game-use on weekends (P<0.01). A moderator effect of weight category (normal vs overweight/obese) in the relationship between computer/game-use on weekends and % daily MVPA was detected (P<0.05), reflecting that higher computer/game-use on weekends was associated with lower % MVPA among the overweight/obese, but not among the normal weight. Modifiable correlates from multiple domains accounted for 14% of the variance in % daily MVPA. Prospective and intervention studies are needed to examine whether these factors act as mediators for physical activity change in pre-adolescent children.
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Bjelland, Mona; Lien, Nanna; Grydeland, May; Bergh, Ingunn Holden; Anderssen, Sigmund Alfred & Ommundsen, Yngvar
[Show all 8 contributors for this article]
(2011).
Intakes and perceived home availability of sugar-sweetened beverages, fruit and vegetables as reported by mothers, fathers and adolescents in the HEIA (HEalth In Adolescents) study.
Public Health Nutrition (PHN).
ISSN 1368-9800.
14(12),
p. 2156–2165.
doi:
10.1017/S1368980011000917.
Show summary
Objective: To investigate the intakes of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), fruit and vegetables (FV) among adolescents and their parents and to explore differences in the perceived availability by gender and parental education.
Design: Baseline data from the HEIA (HEalth In Adolescents) study.
Setting: Data on intake of SSB were collected assessing frequency and amounts, whereas consumption of FV was assessed on the basis of frequency. Further, perceived availability at home and at school (taken from home) was reported.
Subjects: Participants were 1528 Norwegian adolescents aged 11 years, as well as 1200 mothers and 1057 fathers.
Results The adolescents’ intake of SSB was low on weekdays but doubled during weekend days. This pattern was observed among parents as well. There were significant differences in intake between boys, girls, mothers and fathers, except for vegetables. Fathers reported the lowest frequency of FV intake. Compared with adolescents, mothers reported lower availability of SSB and higher availability of FV. Compared with their sons, fathers reported higher availability of vegetables and lower availability of sugar-sweetened fruit drinks at school. Significant differences in adolescents’ intake of SSB and in the perceived availability of both SSB and FV by parental education were found.
Conclusions: The intake of SSB was higher during weekend days than during weekdays, whereas the frequency of FV intake was low. Differences in adolescents’ perceived availability of both SSB and FV on the basis of parental education were found, whereas the differences in intake were significant only for SSB. Increasing parental awareness of availability and their potential as role models across parental gender and educational level could improve adolescents’ dietary habits.
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Franchini, Bela; Poinhos, Rui; Klepp, Knut Inge & de Almeida, Maria Daniel Vaz
(2011).
Association between parenting styles and own fruit and vegetable consumption among Portuguese mothers of school children.
British Journal of Nutrition.
ISSN 0007-1145.
106(6),
p. 931–935.
doi:
10.1017/S0007114511001048.
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Velde, Saskia J. te; Veerman, J. Lennert; Tak, Nannah I.; Bosmans, Judith E.; Klepp, Knut Inge & Brug, Johannes
(2011).
Modeling the long term health outcomes and cost-effectiveness of two interventions promoting fruit and vegetable intake among schoolchildren.
Economics and Human Biology.
ISSN 1570-677X.
9(1),
p. 14–22.
doi:
10.1016/j.ehb.2010.09.001.
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Bjelland, Mona; Bergh, Ingunn Holden; Grydeland, May; Klepp, Knut Inge; Andersen, Lene Frost & Anderssen, Sigmund Alfred
[Show all 8 contributors for this article]
(2011).
Changes in adolescents' intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and sedentary behaviour: Results at 8 month mid-way assessment of the HEIA study - a comprehensive, multi-component school-based randomized trial.
International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity.
ISSN 1479-5868.
8.
doi:
10.1186/1479-5868-8-63.
Show summary
Background: Inconsistent effects of school-based obesity prevention interventions may be related to how different
subgroups receive them. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an intervention program, including
fact sheets to parents and classroom components, on intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and screen time.
Further, to explore whether potential effects and parental involvement varied by adolescents’ gender, weight status
(WS) and parental educational level.
Methods: In total, 1465 11-year-olds participated at the pre-test and the 8 month mid-way assessment of the HEIA
study. Parents (n = 349) contributed with process evaluation data. Self-reported intake of SSB was collected from
the 11-year-olds assessing frequency and amount, while time used on watching TV/DVD and computer/game-use
(weekday and weekend day) were assed by frequency measures. Data on awareness of the intervention and dose
received were collected from parents. Covariance analyses (ANCOVA) were conducted testing for effects by gender
and for moderation by WS and parental education.
Results: Time spent on TV/DVD (week p = 0.001, weekend p = 0.03) and computer/game-use (week p = 0.004,
weekend p <.001), and the intake of SSB during weekend days (p = 0.04), were significantly lower among girls in
the intervention group compared to the control group girls after 8 months. Girls’ WS did not moderate these
findings. However, no significant effects of the intervention were found for boys, but moderation effects were
found for WS (week days: TV/DVD, p = 0.03 and computer/games, p = 0.02). There were no moderating effects of
parental education for neither boys nor girls with respect to intake of SSB, time used for watching TV/DVD and
computer/game-use. Parental awareness of the intervention was significantly higher among the parents of girls,
while the parents of boys were more satisfied with the fact sheets.
Conclusions: The preventive initiatives appeared to change behaviour in girls only. This study suggests that
exploration of potential beneficial or negative effects of intervention in subgroups is important. In formative
evaluation of obesity prevention studies it seems warranted to include issues related to gender, WS and parental
involvement in order to enhance the effectiveness of preventive initiatives.
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Øverby, Nina Cecilie; Stea, Tonje Holte; Vik, Frøydis Nordgård; Klepp, Knut Inge & Bere, Elling
(2011).
Changes in meal pattern among Norwegian children from 2001 to 2008.
Public Health Nutrition (PHN).
ISSN 1368-9800.
14(9),
p. 1549–1554.
doi:
10.1017/S1368980010003599.
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Helleve, Arnfinn; Flisher, Alan J.; Onya, Hans; Mathews, Catherine; Aarø, Leif Edvard & Klepp, Knut Inge
(2011).
The association between students' perceptions of a caring teacher and sexual initiation. A study among South African high school students.
Health Education Research.
ISSN 0268-1153.
26(5),
p. 847–858.
doi:
10.1093/her/cyr031.
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Bere, Elling; Klepp, Knut Inge & Hilsen, Marit
(2010).
Effect of the nationwide free school fruit scheme in Norway.
British Journal of Nutrition.
ISSN 0007-1145.
104(4),
p. 589–594.
doi:
10.1017/S0007114510000814.
Show summary
(orig. språk):
( Engelsk ) In Norway, children and adolescents consume only about half of the national five-a-day recommendation. There are also rather large social inequalities in health, and in eating behaviours. In order to increase fruit and vegetable (FV) intake, a subscription programme was initiated in 1996 and made nationwide in 2003, and a free programme (without parental payment) has been implemented nationwide from 2007. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the effect of these efforts. Pupils in the sixth and seventh grades (age 10-12 years) at twenty-seven schools responded to a questionnaire in 2001 (n 1488, 85 %) and in 2008 (n 1339, 78 %). FV intake was measured by a 24-h recall. In 2001, none of the schools had any organised school fruit programme. In 2008, five schools participated in the free school fruit programme, ten schools participated in the subscription programme and twelve schools did not participate in any official programme. The increases in fruit intake at school were 0.49, 0.29 and 0.18 portions/school day, respectively, for the Free Fruit 08, Subscription 08 and No Programme 08 schools (time x group P < 0.001), and 0.74, 0.39 and 0.16 portions/d for fruit intake all day (time x group P = 0.04). No group effect was observed for vegetable intake. There has been an increase in pupils' fruit intake from 2001 to 2008 in Norway, and the school fruit programmes seem to have been effective. A great challenge remains in increasing vegetable intake.
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Klepp, Knut Inge; Skogen, Jens Christoffer & Aarø, Leif Edvard
(2023).
Ungdom, livsstil og helsefremmende arbeid.
Gyldendal Akademisk.
ISBN 9788205584181.
394 p.
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Klepp, Knut Inge & Aarø, Leif Edvard
(2017).
Ungdom, livsstil og helsefremmende arbeid.
Gyldendal Akademisk.
ISBN 978-82-05-46398-1.
421 p.
View all works in Cristin
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Helleve, Arnfinn; Flodgren, Gerd Monika; Blanchard, Laurence; Fismen, Anne-Siri; Rutter, Harry & Mathisen, Jonas Rekdal
[Show all 7 contributors for this article]
(2023).
Youth involvement in policy processes in public health, education, and social work: Protocol for a scoping review.
Obesity Reviews.
ISSN 1467-7881.
24(S1).
doi:
10.1111/obr.13544.
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Bernhoft, Aksel; Andersen, Elise Regine; Bardalen, Arne; Birkemoe, Tone; Brantsæter, Anne Lise & Gjein, Harald Johannes
[Show all 14 contributors for this article]
(2022).
Hvordan produsere nok sunn og trygg mat i samsvar med FNs bærekraftsmål? .
Harvest Magazine.
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Klepp, Knut Inge
(2022).
Hvordan gjøre det lettere for forbrukerne å velge bærekraftig mat?
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Klepp, Knut Inge
(2022).
Rammeverk for samhandling i NewTools.
Show summary
NewTools er et forskningsprosjekt
som har som mål å bidra til et mer
bærekraftig matsystem. Prosjektet vil
utvikle to nye skåringssystemer for
mat, et for ernæringskvalitet og et
for miljømessig og sosial bærekraft.
NewTools skal også utforske mulig bruk
av skåringssystemene i matsystemet,
for eksempel til produktutvikling,
innkjøp og matvaremerking.
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Klepp, Knut Inge
(2021).
Ungdom og kriser.
Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.
ISSN 0029-2001.
141(13).
doi:
10.4045/tidsskr.21.0637.
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Bolt-Evensen, Kathrine; Vik, Frøydis Nordgård; Stea, Tonje Holte; Klepp, Knut Inge & Bere, Elling
(2017).
Consumption of artificially sweetened beverages from childhood to adulthood.
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Tveter, ElineTønnesson; Stea, Tonje Holte; te Velde, Saskia J.; Vik, Frøydis Nordgård; Klepp, Knut Inge & Bere, Elling
(2017).
One year of free school fruit. Results on weight status of two generations fifteen years later, 15 years later.
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Rønnestad, Jannike; Stea, Tonje Holte; Vik, Frøydis Nordgård; Klepp, Knut Inge & Bere, Elling
(2017).
One year of free school fruit. Results on unhealthy snacks fifteen years later.
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Rennestraum, Kjersti Hovland; Stea, Tonje Holte; Vik, Frøydis Nordgård; Klepp, Knut Inge & Bere, Elling
(2017).
One year of free school fruit. Results on fruit and vegetable intake, 15 years later.
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Helleve, Arnfinn & Klepp, Knut Inge
(2017).
Trådlaus og sårbar ungdom? Helserelevansen ved bruken av sosiale medium.
In Klepp, Knut Inge & Aarø, Leif Edvard (Ed.),
Ungdom, livsstil og helsefremmende arbeid.
Gyldendal Akademisk.
ISSN 978-82-05-46398-1.
p. 399–410.
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Klepp, Knut Inge & Lien, Nanna
(2017).
Overvekt og fedme: den tunge folkehelseutfordringen.
In Klepp, Knut Inge & Aarø, Leif Edvard (Ed.),
Ungdom, livsstil og helsefremmende arbeid.
Gyldendal Akademisk.
ISSN 978-82-05-46398-1.
p. 255–270.
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Klepp, Knut Inge; Hildonen, Christina & Andersen, Lene Frost
(2017).
Ungdom, kosthold og ernæring.
In Klepp, Knut Inge & Aarø, Leif Edvard (Ed.),
Ungdom, livsstil og helsefremmende arbeid.
Gyldendal Akademisk.
ISSN 978-82-05-46398-1.
p. 235–254.
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Aarø, Leif Edvard & Klepp, Knut Inge
(2017).
Bruk av tobakk: et tilbakelagt kapittel?
In Klepp, Knut Inge & Aarø, Leif Edvard (Ed.),
Ungdom, livsstil og helsefremmende arbeid.
Gyldendal Akademisk.
ISSN 978-82-05-46398-1.
p. 185–207.
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Rossow, Ingeborg & Klepp, Knut Inge
(2017).
Rusmiddelforebyggende arbeid.
In Klepp, Knut Inge & Aarø, Leif Edvard (Ed.),
Ungdom, livsstil og helsefremmende arbeid.
Gyldendal Akademisk.
ISSN 978-82-05-46398-1.
p. 152–167.
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Aarø, Leif Edvard & Klepp, Knut Inge
(2017).
Hva former vår helserelaterte atferd?
In Klepp, Knut Inge & Aarø, Leif Edvard (Ed.),
Ungdom, livsstil og helsefremmende arbeid.
Gyldendal Akademisk.
ISSN 978-82-05-46398-1.
p. 38–62.
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Klepp, Knut Inge; Stigen, Ole Trygve & Aarø, Leif Edvard
(2017).
Folkehelse og folkehelsearbeid blant barn og unge i Norge.
In Klepp, Knut Inge & Aarø, Leif Edvard (Ed.),
Ungdom, livsstil og helsefremmende arbeid.
Gyldendal Akademisk.
ISSN 978-82-05-46398-1.
p. 17–37.
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Valle, Ann-Karin; Røysamb, Espen & Klepp, Knut Inge
(2014).
Positive Emotions, Sexual Self-Concepts and Contraceptive use among adolescent girls in Norway.
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Totland, Torunn Holm; Lien, Nanna; Bergh, Ingunn Holden; Bjelland, Mona; Gebremariam, Mekdes Kebede & Klepp, Knut Inge
[Show all 7 contributors for this article]
(2013).
Prediction of parental education on adolescents’ soft drink intake, and mediation effects of availability and accessibility at home.
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Grydeland, May; Bjelland, Mona; Anderssen, Sigmund Alfred; Klepp, Knut Inge; Bergh, Ingunn Holden & Andersen, Lene Frost
[Show all 8 contributors for this article]
(2013).
Intervention effect on BMI in adolescent girls: The HEalth in Adolescents (HEIA) Study – A school-based two-year cluster randomized trial.
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te Velde, S; Veerman, S.; Tak, Nannah I.; Bosmans, J.; Klepp, Knut Inge & Brug, J.
(2012).
Long term health outcomes and cost-effectiveness of two dietary school-based interventions among 11-year-old children.
Psychology and Health.
ISSN 0887-0446.
27,
p. 127–128.
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Bastien, Sheri; Wubs, Annegreet Gera; Onya, Hans; Masatu, Melkiori C.; Helleve, Arnfinn & Klepp, Knut Inge
(2012).
Forced sex and HIV risk behaviors among secondary school students in South Africa and Tanzania.
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Mmbaga, E.; Helleve, Arnfinn; Leyna, G.; Masatu, M.; Onya, H. & Klepp, Knut Inge
(2011).
MULTIPLE CONCURRENT SEXUAL PARTNERSHIPS AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN TANZANIA AND SOUTH AFRICA: A COMPARISON BETWEEN AREAS WITH CONTRASTING LEVEL OF HIV MAGNITUDE.
Sexually Transmitted Infections.
ISSN 1368-4973.
87,
p. A190–A191.
doi:
10.1136/sextrans-2011-050108.213.
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Yngve, Agneta; Lynch, Christel; Ehrenblad, Bettina; Lien, Nanna & Klepp, Knut Inge
(2010).
Pro greens - a fruit and vegetable promotion project in eleven European countries.
Public Health Nutrition (PHN).
ISSN 1368-9800.
p. 21–27.
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Aarø, Leif Edvard; Vedaa, Øystein; Bruun, Tone; Nilsen, Thomas Sevenius; Johansen, Rune & Knapstad, Marit
[Show all 8 contributors for this article]
(2021).
Koronaatferd og landbakgrunn i fire fylker. Etterlevelse og holdninger til offisiellesmittevernråd, opplevd engstelse, psykiske plager og endringer i sosiale kontakter etter landbakgrunn. Resultater fra undersøkelser i fire fylker under koronapandemien.
Folkehelseinstituttet.
ISSN 978-82-8406-202-0.
Full text in Research Archive
Show summary
Hovedbudskap
• Analyser presentert i denne rapporten viser at selvrapportert koronarelatert atferd kan deles inn i to brede grupper: (i) Koronahygiene og (ii) Sosial distanse.
• En inndeling av land for å beskrive innvandreres landbakgrunn basert på Verdensbankens gruppering av land etter inntektsnivå ble funnet mest hensiktsmessig å benytte i dette materialet. Dette fordi de alternative måtene å dele inn land på ikke gav vesentlig ekstra informasjon og fordi Verdensbankens
inndeling gir færre og større grupper og dermed mer presise estimater.
• De som var født i lav- eller middelinntektsland rapporterte gjennomsnittlig en bedre koronahygiene enn de som var født i Vest-Europa eller rike land utenom Vest-Europa. Lav deltakelse blant de som er født i lav- og middelinntektsland gjør at vi ikke uten videre kan generalisere ut over det foreliggende materialet.
• Når det gjelder det å holde avstand til andre (sosial distanse), rapporterte de som var født i lav- og middelinntektsland generelt like god etterlevelse som de øvrige gruppene. Lav deltakelse blant de som er født i lav- og middelinntektsland gjør at vi heller ikke her uten videre kan generalisere ut over det foreliggende materialet.
• På de to enkeltutfallsmålene, «Har latt være å håndhilse eller klemme (andre enn mine nærmeste)» og «Har unngått å ta kollektivtransport», var det imidlertid en klar forskjell i favør av de som kom fra rike land. Blant de som var født i rike land var det høyere andeler som (i) alltid hadde latt være å håndhilse eller klemme (bort sett fra sine nærmeste) og (ii) alltid hadde unngått kollektivtransport.
• De som hadde en landbakgrunn med høy forekomst av smitte og sykehusinnleggelser (dvs. Afghanistan, Irak, Pakistan, Somalia eller Tyrkia), ble skilt ut som egen gruppe og sammenlignet med de som var født i Norge og hadde norske foreldre. Blant de som var født i Norge og hadde norske foreldre var det høyere andeler som (i) alltid hadde latt være å håndhilse eller klemme (bort sett
fra sine nærmeste) og (ii) alltid hadde unngått kollektivtransport.
• Oppslutningen om myndighetenes koronatiltak var høy i alle grupper. Imidlertid var alle de gruppene som hadde en ikke-norsk landbakgrunn mer enige enn de som var født i Norge av norske foreldre i at myndighetene har grepet for sterkt inn med sine koronatiltak. Dette gjaldt også de som hadde en landbakgrunn assosiert med høye smittetall.
• I alle grupper ble det rapportert om en økning i bruk av digitale medier, en sterk reduksjon i samvær med andre innendørs (besøk, kaféer, restauranter) og en reduksjon i samvær med andre utendørs. Nedgangen i samvær med andre utendørs var særlig sterkt blant de som kom fra lavinntekts- og
middelinntektsland.
• Sammenlignet med de som var født i Norge, Norden eller Vest-Europa, hadde de som var født i lav- eller middelinntektsland høyere skår på «Pessimisme og problemer med nattesøvnen» og på psykiske plager. Det samme gjaldt de som hadde en landbakgrunn assosiert med høye smittetall.
Selv om analyser av seleksjon internt i materialet ikke gav holdepunkter for seleksjonseffekter, vet vi lite om hvordan en høyere deltakelse ville endret resultatene fra undersøkelsen. Det er nødvendig med nye undersøkelser der en sikrer en mye høyere deltakelse av utenlandsfødte fra mellom- og lavinntektsland før en kan si noe sikrere om koronaatferd og beslektede utfallsmål i disse gruppene.
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Published
Apr. 13, 2011 2:40 PM
- Last modified
Dec. 12, 2019 6:20 PM