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Rimal, Raju; Robsahm, Trude Eid; Green, Adèle C.; Ghiasvand, Reza; Rueegg, Corina Silvia & Bassarova, Assia Vassileva
[Show all 11 contributors for this article]
(2021).
Long-term trends in melanoma tumour thickness in Norway.
Show summary
Norway has the second-highest mortality rate of cutaneous melanoma worldwide and ranks fifth in incidence. Tumour (Breslow) thickness at diagnosis is the primary determinant of the T category in the tumour, nodes, metastasis staging system, and the most important prognostic factor for survival after localized melanoma. This ongoing study investigates long-term trends in tumour thickness, and the corresponding T categories, overall and in important subgroups, in a nationwide case series over a 40-year time period.
The population-based Cancer Registry of Norway (CRN) provided all first primary invasive melanoma cases for 1980-2019. Tumour thickness was available from the Norwegian Melanoma Registry (within the CRN) for all cases diagnosed in 2008-2019 and was manually extracted from the paper notifications archived in the CRN for the cases diagnosed in 1980-2007. Covariates include sex, age, residential geographical region, anatomic site, histopathological subtype, clinical stage, and ulceration.
Descriptive summaries are presented as frequencies (numbers, %) and medians with interquartile ranges (IQR).
In total, 47,439 morphologically verified first primary invasive melanoma cases were diagnosed in Norway in 1980-2019. In both men and women, median age at diagnosis increased from 1980-2000 to 2008-2019 (Table 1). Trunk was the most common anatomic site in men (59.5%), and trunk (32.3%) and lower extremities (35.9%) the most common sites in women. The dominant subtype was superficial spreading melanoma (54.8%), followed by nodular melanoma (18.4%). In total, 90.0% of the cases were diagnosed in a local stage, whereas 5.6% had regional metastases and 4.4% had distant metastases.
Women were diagnosed at a thinner stage than men. In men, median (IQR) tumour thickness decreased from 1.4 mm (0.75–3) in 1980-1999 to 1 mm (0.6–2.3) in 2008-2019, and in women from 1 mm (0.6–2) to 0.9 mm (0.5–1.8) (Table 1).
Tumour thickness was missing in the pathology reports for more than 25% of the cases until 1990. Reporting of ulceration started in 2000, but with a large proportion of missing values. After the Norwegian Melanoma Registry was established in 2008, the proportions of missing ulceration decreased dramatically.
This unique time series of national melanoma tumour thickness data will identify trends in tumour thickness, overall and in subgroups of the population, as well as identify potential effects of changing exposure patterns and earlier detection.
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Stensrud, Mats Julius; Valberg, Morten & Aalen, Odd O.
(2017).
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Epidemiology.
ISSN 1044-3983.
28(4),
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10.1097/EDE.0000000000000653.
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Stensrud, Mats Julius & Aalen, Odd O.
(2015).
Hva kan vi si om kausalitet?
Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.
ISSN 0029-2001.
135(16),
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Kristensen, Petter & Aalen, Odd O.
(2013).
Understanding mechanisms: opening the "black box" in observational studies.
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Aalen, Odd O.; Borgan, Ørnulf & Kvaløy, Jan Terje
(2013).
Medical statistics - a subject of increasing breadth and importance Preface.
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p. 5221–5221.
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10.1002/sim.6035.
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Corbett, Karina; Mehlum, Ingrid Alethe Sivesind; Aalen, Odd O. & Kristensen, Petter
(2011).
Is risk of sickness absence associated with sibling sickness absence?
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Aalen, Odd O.
(2008).
What hides behind the data?
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Aalen, Odd O.
(2008).
Dynamic path analysis.
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Aalen, Odd O.
(2008).
Statistics, causality and dynamic path modelling.
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Haugen, Marion; Bray, Freddie Ian; Grotmol, Tom; Tretli, Steinar; Aalen, Odd O. & Moger, Tron Anders
(2008).
Frailty modelling of bimodal age-incidence curves of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in low-risk populations.
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Gravseth, Hans Magne Ulrik; Kristensen, Petter; Bjerkedal, Tor; Irgens, Lorentz M; Aalen, Odd O. & Selmer, Randi
(2008).
Social inequalities in disability pension in a life course perspective.
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Aalen, Odd O. & De Blasio, Birgitte Freiesleben
(2007).
Mathematical Modelling of infectious disease.
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Aalen, Odd O.
(2006).
What hides behind the data?
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Aalen, Odd O.
(2005).
Fugleinfluensa til mennesker?
Aftenposten (morgenutg. : trykt utg.).
ISSN 0804-3116.
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Borgan, Ørnulf; Aalen, Odd O. & Røsjø, Bjarne
(2005).
Bedre statistikk kan redde flere liv.
[Newspaper].
Informasjonsblad nr 2/2005. Senter for grunnforskning.
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Aalen, Odd O.
(2005).
Understanding the structure of event histories: A process point of view.
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Aalen, Odd O.
(2005).
Understanding the shape of the hazard rate: An application of quasi-stationarity.
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Aalen, Odd O.
(2005).
Dynamic path analysis and Granger-Schweder causality.
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Aalen, Odd Olai
(2004).
Discussion on causality.
Scandinavian Journal of Statistics.
ISSN 0303-6898.
31,
p. 193–195.
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Moger, Tron Anders & Aalen, Odd O.
(2006).
Hierarchical Lévy Frailty Models and a Frailty Analysis of Data on Infant Mortality in Norwegian Siblings. Biostatistics Working Paper Series, no. 290.
Department of Biostatistics.
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Alquist, R.; Grøgaard, Jens; Hellenes, Kaja; Myr, Rachel; Rognum, Torleiv Ole & Nilsen, Anne Britt Vika
[Show all 9 contributors for this article]
(2005).
Samsoving, smokk, amming og krybbedød - finnes det en sammenheng?
Kunnskapssenteret.
ISSN 82-8121-049-4.