Elisabeth Gulowsen Celius

• Broch, Line; Simonsen, Cecilia Smith; Flemmen, Heidi Øyen; Berg-Hansen, Pål; Skardhamar, Åshild; Ormstad, Heidi & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen (2021). High prevalence of fatigue in contemporary patients with multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis Journal, Experimental, Translational and Clinical.  ISSN 2055-2173.  7(1) . doi: 10.1177/2055217321999826 Show summary

  Objective: The prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS)-related fatigue may have changed due to new diagnostic criteria and new disease modifying drugs. We aimed to assess the prevalence of fatigue in a contemporary MS cohort, and to explore associations between fatigue and clinical and demographic factors. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of the MS population in three Norwegian counties. Fatigue was assessed with the Fatigue Scale for Motor and Cognitive Functions (FSMC). We also assessed self-reported anxiety, depression and daytime sleepiness. Results: The response rate was 64% (1599/2512). The mean age of the participants was 52 ± 13 years, median EDSS was 2.5 (IQR 1.5-3.0) and median disease duration from onset was 16 years (IQR 8-25). We found a prevalence of fatigue of 81%. Women had a higher prevalence of fatigue than men (83% vs 78%, p = 0.02). The prevalence increased with age (p < 0.001) and with increasing disease severity (p < 0.001), but in multivariate analyses, only sex and disease severity remained independent determinants of fatigue. Anxiety, depression, and daytime sleepiness were more prevalent in patients with fatigue than in those without fatigue (all p-values < 0.001). Conclusion: The prevalence of fatigue is high in contemporary patients with MS. Fatigue is associated with female sex and level of disability, as well as with anxiety, depression and excessive daytime sleepiness.

• Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Thompson, Heidi; Pontaga, Maija; Langdon, Dawn; Laroni, Alice; Potra, Stanca; Bharadia, Trishna; Yeandle, David; Shanahan, Jane; van Galen, Pieter; Alexandri, Nektaria & Kesselring, Jürg (2021). Disease Progression in Multiple Sclerosis: A Literature Review Exploring Patient Perspectives. Patient Preference and Adherence.  ISSN 1177-889X.  15, s 15- 27 . doi: 10.2147/PPA.S268829
• Flemmen, Heidi Øyen; Simonsen, Cecilia Smith; Broch, Line; Brunborg, Cathrine; Berg-Hansen, Pål; Moen, Stine Marit; Kersten, Hege & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen (2021). Maternal education has significant influence on progression in multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders.  ISSN 2211-0348. . doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.103052 Show summary

  Objective: The identification of potential risk factors for disease severity is of great importance in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. The influence of socioeconomic status on progression in multiple sclerosis (MS) is sparsely investigated. Our aim was to investigate how socioeconomic status in adolescence influences disease progression in later life. Methods: A total of 1598 patients with multiple sclerosis from a well-defined population in Norway were included. Detailed information on disease progression, measured by expanded disability status scale (EDSS) and multiple sclerosis severity score (MSSS), were combined with data on socioeconomic factors. We used residency and parental level of education at patients' age 16 and exposure to second-hand smoking as a measure of socioeconomic status in adolescence, adjusting for the same variables as well as use of disease modifying treatments at prevalence date 01.01.18. Results: High maternal level of education at patients' age 16 was significantly associated with less pronounced disease progression measured by MSSS (β-coefficient -0.58, p = 0.015), younger age and lower EDSS at disease onset, and shorter time from onset to diagnosis. No significant associations were found for paternal education level and MSSS. The use of any disease modifying treatment before prevalence date was significantly associated with disease progression (β-coefficient -0.49, p=0.004), while residence, current and second-hand smoking were not. Conclusion: This study on a population-based, real-world cohort shows that the parental level of education has a significant impact on a timely diagnosis of MS. In addition to disease modifying treatment, maternal level of education also had an impact on disease progression in later life.

• Bertolotto, Antonio; Arroyo, Rafael; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Comi, Giancarlo; Havrdova, Eva; Honeycutt, William David; Hunter, Samuel F.; Izquierdo, Guillermo; Kornek, Barbara; Miller, Tamara; Mitsikostas, Dimos-Dimitrios; Singer, Barry A.; Ziemssen, Tjalf; Chung, Luke; Daizadeh, Nadia; Afsar, Salman; Hashemi, Lobat & Senior, Peter (2020). Quality of Life Improves with Alemtuzumab Over 6 Years in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients with or without Autoimmune Thyroid Adverse Events: Post Hoc Analysis of the CARE-MS Studies. Neurology and Therapy.  ISSN 2193-8253.  9(2), s 443- 457 . doi: 10.1007/s40120-020-00191-7 Full text in Research Archive.
• Brorson, Ina Skaara; Eriksson, Anna Maria; Leikfoss, Ingvild Sørum; Vitelli, Valeria; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Luders, Torben; Berge, Tone; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Nilsen, Hilde & Bos-Haugen, Steffan Daniël (2020). CD8 + T cell gene expression analysis identifies differentially expressed genes between multiple sclerosis patients and healthy controls. Multiple Sclerosis Journal, Experimental, Translational and Clinical.  ISSN 2055-2173. . doi: 10.1177/2055217320978511 Full text in Research Archive.
• Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen (2020). Normal antibody response after COVID-19 during treatment with cladribine. Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders.  ISSN 2211-0348.  46(102476) . doi: doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2020.102476
• Elvsåshagen, Torbjørn; Bahrami, Shahram; van der Meer, Dennis; Agartz, Ingrid; Alnæs, Dag; Barch, Deanna M.; Baur-Streubel, Ramona; Bertolino, Alessandro; Beyer, Mona K.; Blasi, Giuseppe; Borgwardt, Stefan; Boye, Birgitte; Buitelaar, Jan; Bøen, Erlend; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Cervenka, Simon; Conzelmann, Annette; Coynel, David; di Carlo, Pasquale; Djurovic, Srdjan; Eisenacher, Sarah; Espeseth, Thomas; Fatouros-Bergman, Helena; Flyckt, Lena; Franke, Barbara; Frei, Oleksandr; Gelao, Barbara; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Hartman, Catharina A.; Håberg, Asta; Heslenfeld, Dirk; Hoekstra, Pieter J.; Høgestøl, Einar August; Jonassen, Rune; Jönsson, Erik Gunnar; Kirsch, Peter; Kloszewska, Iwona; Lagerberg, Trine Vik; Landrø, Nils Inge; Le Hellard, Stephanie; Lesch, Klaus-Peter; Maglanoc, Luigi Angelo; Malt, Ulrik Fredrik; Mecocci, Patrizia; Melle, Ingrid; Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas; Moberget, Torgeir; Nordvik, Jan Egil; Nyberg, Lars; O`Connell, Kevin; Oosterlaan, Jaap; Papalino, Marco; Papassotiropoulos, Andreas; Pauli, Paul; Pergola, Giulio; Persson, Karin Ester Torun; de Quervain, Dominique; Reif, Andreas; Rokicki, Jaroslav; Van Rooij, Daan; Shadrin, Alexey A.; Schmidt, André; Schwarz, Emanuel; Selbæk, Geir; Sowa, Piotr; Soininen, Hilkka; Steen, Vidar Martin; Vellas, Bruno; Tsolaki, Magda; Wang, Lei; Westman, Eric; Ziegler, Georg C.; Zink, Mathias; Andreassen, Ole Andreas; Westlye, Lars Tjelta & Kaufmann, Tobias (2020). The genetic architecture of human brainstem structures and their involvement in common brain disorders. Nature Communications.  ISSN 2041-1723.  11 . doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-17376-1 Full text in Research Archive. Show summary

  Brainstem regions support vital bodily functions, yet their genetic architectures and involvement in common brain disorders remain understudied. Here, using imaging-genetics data from a discovery sample of 27,034 individuals, we identify 45 brainstem-associated genetic loci, including the first linked to midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata volumes, and map them to 305 genes. In a replication sample of 7432 participants most of the loci show the same effect direction and are significant at a nominal threshold. We detect genetic overlap between brainstem volumes and eight psychiatric and neurological disorders. In additional clinical data from 5062 individuals with common brain disorders and 11,257 healthy controls, we observe differential volume alterations in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, multiple sclerosis, mild cognitive impairment, dementia, and Parkinson’s disease, supporting the relevance of brainstem regions and their genetic architectures in common brain disorders.

• Flemmen, Heidi Øyen; Simonsen, Cecilia Smith; Berg-Hansen, Pål; Moen, Stine Marit; Kersten, Hege; Heldal, Kristian & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen (2020). Prevalence of multiple sclerosis in rural and urban districts in Telemark county, Norway. Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders.  ISSN 2211-0348.  45 . doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2020.102352 Full text in Research Archive. Show summary

  Objective: To explore the trends in prevalence and incidence of multiple sclerosis (MS) in Telemark, Norway (latitude 58.7-60.3˚N), over the past two decades, with focus on differences between rural and urban areas. Methods: Data from all patients with a confirmed diagnosis of MS in Telemark since 1993 were prospectively recorded and collected in a retrospective chart review. Prevalence estimates on January 1st 1999, 2009 and 2019, and incidence rates at five-year intervals between 1999 and 2018 were calculated and all results were adjusted to the European Standard Population. The study population was divided into urban and rural residency using a Norwegian governmental index. Results: We registered 579 patients with MS in Telemark between 1999 and 2019. The adjusted prevalence estimates for January 1st 1999, 2009 and 2019 were 105.8/105, 177.1/105 and 260.6/105, respectively. In 2019, the prevalence estimates were 250.4/105 in urban and 316.2 /105 in rural areas. Between 1999 and 2018, the yearly incidence increased from 8.4/105 to 14.4/105. Conclusions: The prevalence of MS in Telemark is among the highest ever reported in Norway, consistent with an increasing incidence in the county over the past twenty years. The even higher prevalence in the rural areas is unlikely to be explained by possible risk factors like latitude, exposure to sunlight and diet. Further studies on differences between urban and rural areas are required to reveal possible new risk factors.

• Oh, Jiwon; Achiron, Anat; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Chambers, Christina; Derwenskus, Joy; Devonshire, Virginia; Hellwig, K; Hutton, George J.; McCombe, Pamela; Moore, Marie; Rog, David; Schneider, Jean-Raphael; Simm, Renata Faria; Sousa, Livia; Vincent, Stephen G.; Chung, Luke; Daizadeh, Nadia; Mitchell, Colin & Compston, D. Alastair S. (2020). Pregnancy outcomes and postpartum relapse rates in women with RRMS treated with alemtuzumab in the phase 2 and 3 clinical development program over 16 years. Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders.  ISSN 2211-0348.  43 . doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2020.102146 Full text in Research Archive.
• Ormstad, Heidi; Simonsen, Cecilia Smith; Broch, Line; Maes, Dr Michael; Anderson, George & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen (2020). Chronic fatigue and depression due to multiple sclerosis: Immune-inflammatory pathways, tryptophan catabolites and the gut-brain axis as possible shared pathways. Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders.  ISSN 2211-0348.  46, s 1- 9 . doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2020.102533 Full text in Research Archive. Show summary

  Chronic fatigue and major depression (MDD)-like symptoms are common manifestations of multiple sclerosis (MS), both with huge impact on quality of life. Depression can manifest itself as fatigue, and depressive symptoms are often mistaken for fatigue, and vice versa. The two conditions are sometimes difficult to differentiate, and their relationship is unclear. Whether chronic fatigue and depression occur primarily, secondarily or coincidentally with activated immune-inflammatory pathways in MS is still under debate. We have carried out a descriptive review aiming to gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between chronic fatigue and depression in MS, and the shared pathways that underpin both conditions. This review focuses on immune-inflammatory pathways, the kynurenine pathway and the gut-brain axis. It seems likely that proinflammatory cytokines, tryptophan catabolites (the KYN pathway) and the gut-brain axis are involved in the mechanisms causing chronic fatigue and MDD-like symptoms in MS. However, the evidence base is weak, and more research is needed. In order to advance our understanding of the underlying pathological mechanisms, MS-related fatigue and depression should be examined using a longitudinal design and both immune-inflammatory and KYN pathway biomarkers should be measured, relevant clinical characteristics judiciously registered, and self-report instruments for both fatigue and depression should be used.

• Sá, María José; Reis, Ricardo Soares dos; Altintas, Ayse; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Chien, Claudia; Comi, Giancarlo; Graus, Francesc; Hillert, Jan; Hobart, Jeremy; Khan, Gulfaraz; Kissani, Najib; Langdon, Dawn; Leite, Maria Isabel; Okuda, Darin T.; Palace, Jacqueline; Papais-Alvarenga, Regina María; Mendes-Pinto, Inês & Shi, Fu-Dong (2020). State of the Art and Future Challenges in Multiple Sclerosis Research and Medical Management: An Insight into the 5th International Porto Congress of Multiple Sclerosis. Neurology and Therapy.  ISSN 2193-8253.  9, s 281- 300 . doi: 10.1007/s40120-020-00202-7 Full text in Research Archive.
• Simonsen, Cecilia Smith; Flemmen, Heidi Øyen; Broch, Line; Brunborg, Cathrine; Berg-Hansen, Pål; Moen, Stine Marit & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen (2020). The course of multiple sclerosis rewritten: a Norwegian population-based study on disease demographics and progression. Journal of Neurology.  ISSN 0340-5354.  s 1- 12 . doi: 10.1007/s00415-020-10279-7 Full text in Research Archive. Show summary

  Objectives: Over the past few decades, there has been an improvement in the rate of disability progression in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, and most studies relate this evolvement to the introduction of disease-modifying therapies. However, several other factors have changed over this period, including access to MRI and newer diagnostic criteria. The aim of this study is to investigate changes in the natural course of MS over time in a near-complete and geographically well-defined population from the south-east of Norway. Methods: We examined disease progression and demographics over two decades and assessed the effect of disease-modifying therapies using linear mixed-effect models. Results: In a cohort of 2097 patients, we found a significant improvement in disability as measured by the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) stratified by age, and the improvement remained significant after adjusting for time on disease-modifying medications, gender and progressive MS at onset. The time from disease onset to EDSS 6 in the total cohort was 29.8 years (95% CI 28.5-31.1) and was significantly longer in patients diagnosed after 2006 compared to patients diagnosed before. There are significant differences between patient demographics, as well as time to EDSS 6, in the near-complete, geographically well-defined population compared to an additional cohort from the capital Oslo and its suburbs. Conclusion: The natural course of MS is improving, but the improvement seen in disease progression has multifaceted explanations. Our study underlines the importance of completeness of data, relevant timeframes and demographics when comparing different MS populations. Studies on incomplete populations should be interpreted with caution.

• Simonsen, Cecilia Smith; Flemmen, Heidi Øyen; Lauritzen, Trine; Berg-Hansen, Pål; Moen, Stine Marit & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen (2020). The diagnostic value of IgG index versus oligoclonal bands in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis Journal, Experimental, Translational and Clinical.  ISSN 2055-2173.  6(1) . doi: 10.1177/2055217319901291 Full text in Research Archive. Show summary

  Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis have been developed to guide the diagnostic process. In the latest revision of the McDonald criteria, the presence of oligoclonal bands may replace the need for dissemination in time. The aim of this study is to investigate if the less time-consuming analysis of immunoglobulin G index in cerebrospinal fluid can safely predict the findings of oligoclonal bands. This is a retrospective study of patients with multiple sclerosis at three hospitals in South-East Norway where lumbar puncture is performed routinely. We included patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis after 2005 with known oligoclonal band status and an immunoglobulin G index score. Of 1295 patients diagnosed during or after 2005, 93.8% were oligoclonal band positive at diagnosis. Of 842 multiple sclerosis patients with known immunoglobulin G index and oligoclonal band status, 93.3% were oligoclonal band positive and 76.7% had an elevated immunoglobulin G index. The positive predictive value of a high immunoglobulin G index when oligoclonal bands are positive was 99.4% (95% confidence interval 98.4-99.8%). The negative predictive value of a normal immunoglobulin G index when oligoclonal bands are negative was 26.5% (95% confidence interval 23.5-29.9%). An immunoglobulin G index >0.7 has a positive predictive value >99% for oligoclonal bands. An elevated immunoglobulin G index adds diagnostic value versus oligoclonal bands and saves time in the diagnostic process.

• Madireddy, Lohith; Patsopoulos, Nikolaos A.; Cotsapas, Chris; Bos, Steffan Daniel; Beecham, Ashley; McCauley, Jacob; Kim, Kicheol; Jia, Xiaoming; Santaniello, Adam; Caillier, Stacy J.; Andlauer, Till F.M.; Barcellos, Lisa F.; Berge, Tone; Bernardinelli, Luisa; Martinelli-Boneschi, Filippo; Booth, David R.; Briggs, Farren; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Comabella, Manuel; Comi, Giancarlo; Cree, Bruce A.C.; D'Alfonso, Sandra; Dedham, Katrina; Duquette, Pierre; Efthimios, Dardiotis; Esposito, Federica; Fontaine, Bertrand; Gasperi, Christiane; Goris, An; Dubois, Bénédicte; Gourraud, Pierre-Antoine; Hadjigeorgiou, Georgios; Haines, Jonathan; Hawkins, Clive; Hemmer, Bernhard; Hintzen, Rogier; Horakova, Dana; Isobe, Noriko; Kalra, Seema; Kira, Jun-ichi; Khalil, Michael; Kockum, Ingrid; Lill, Christina M.; Lincoln, Matthew R; Luessi, Felix; Martin, Roland; Oturai, Annette; Palotie, Aarno; Pericak-Vance, Margaret A.; Henry, Roland; Saarela, Janna; Ivinson, Adrian; Olsson, Tomas; Taylor, Bruce V.; Stewart, Graeme J.; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Compston, Alastair; Hauser, Stephen L.; Hafler, David A.; Zipp, Frauke; De Jager, Philip; Sawcer, Stephen; Oksenberg, Jorge R. & Baranzini, Sergio E. (2019). A systems biology approach uncovers cell-specific gene regulatory effects of genetic associations in multiple sclerosis. Nature Communications.  ISSN 2041-1723.  10:2236, s 1- 12 . doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-09773-y Full text in Research Archive.
• Patsopoulos, Nikolaos A.; Baranzini, Sergio E.; Santaniello, Adam; Shoostari, Parisa; Cotsapas, Chris; Wong, Garrett; Beecham, Ashley H.; James, Tojo; Replogle, Joseph; Vlachos, Ioannis S.; McCabe, Cristin; Pers, Tune H.; Brandes, Aaron; White, Charles; Keenan, Brendan; Cimpean, Maria; Winn, Phoebe; Panteliadis, Ioannis-Pavlos; Robbins, Allison; Andlauer, Till F.M.; Zarzycki, Onigiusz; Dubois, Benedicte; Goris, An; Søndergaard, Helle Bach; Sellebjerg, Finn; Sørensen, Per Sølberg; Ullum, Henrik; Thørner, Lise Wegner; Saarela, Janna; Cournu-Rebeix, Isabelle; Damotte, Vincent; Fontaine, Bertrand; Guillot-Noel, Lena; Lathrop, Mark; Vukusic, Sandra; Berthele, Achim; Pongratz, Viola; Buck, Dorothea; Gasperi, Christiane; Graetz, Christiane; Grummel, Verena; Hemmer, Bernhard; Hoshi, Muni; Knier, Benjamin; Korn, Thomas S.; Lill, Christina M.; Luessi, Felix; Muhlau, Mark; Zipp, Frauke; Dardiotis, Efthimios; Agliardi, Cristina; Amoroso, Antonio; Barizzone, Nadia; Benedetti, Maria D.; Bernardinelli, Luisa; Cavalla, Paola; Clarelli, Ferdinando; Comi, Giancarlo; Cusi, Daniele; Esposito, Federica; Ferré, Laura; Galimberti, Daniela; Guaschino, Clara; Leone, Maurizio A.; Martinelli, Vittorio; Moiola, Lucia; Salvetti, Marco; Sorosina, Melissa; Vecchio, Domizia; Zauli, Andrea; Santoro, Silvia; Mancini, Nicasio; Zuccalà, Miriam; Mescheriakova, Julia; van Duijn, Cornelia M.; Bos-Haugen, Steffan Daniël; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Spurkland, Anne; Comabella, Manuel; Montalban, Xavier; Alfredsson, Lars; Bomfim, Izaura L.; Gomez-Cabrero, David; Hillert, Jan; Jagodić, Maja; Lindén, Magdalena; Piehl, Fredrik; Jelcic, Ilijas; Martin, Roland; Sospedra, Mirela; Baker, Amie; Ban, Maria; Hawkins, Clive; Hysi, Pirro; Kalra, Seema; Karpe, Fredrik; Khadake, Jyoti; Lachance, Genevieve; Molyneux, Paul; Neville, Matthew; Thorpe, John; Bradshaw, Elizabeth; Caillier, Stacy J.; Calabresi, Peter; Cree, Bruce A.C.; Cross, Anne; Davis, Mary; de Bakker, Paul W.I.; Delgado, Silvia; Dembele, Marieme; Edwards, Keith; Fitzgerald, Kate; Frohlich, Irene Y.; Gourraud, Pierre-Antoine; Haines, Jonathan L.; Hákonarson, Hákon H.; Kimbrough, Dorlan; Isobe, Noriko; Konidari, Ioanna; Lathi, Ellen; Lee, Michelle H.; Li, Taibo; An, David; Zimmer, Andrew; Madireddy, Lohith; Manrique, Clara P.; Mitrovic, Mitja; Olah, Marta; Patrick, Ellis; Pericak-Vance, Margaret A.; Piccio, Laura; Schaefer, Cathy; Weiner, Howard; Lage, Kasper; Compston, Alastair; Hafler, David; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Hauser, Stephen L.; Stewart, Graeme; D'Alfonso, Sandra; Hadjigeorgiou, Georgios; Taylor, Bruce; Barcellos, Lisa F.; Booth, David; Hintzen, Rogier; Kockum, Ingrid; Martinelli-Boneschi, Filippo; McCauley, Jacob L.; Oksenberg, Jorge R.; Oturai, Annette; Sawcer, Stephen; Ivinson, Adrian J.; Olsson, Tomas & de Jager, Philip L. (2019). Multiple sclerosis genomic map implicates peripheral immune cells and microglia in susceptibility. Science.  ISSN 0036-8075.  365:eaav7188(6460), s 1- 12 . doi: 10.1126/science.aav7188 Show summary

  We analyzed genetic data of 47,429 multiple sclerosis (MS) and 68,374 control subjects and established a reference map of the genetic architecture of MS that includes 200 autosomal susceptibility variants outside the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), one chromosome X variant, and 32 variants within the extended MHC. We used an ensemble of methods to prioritize 551 putative susceptibility genes that implicate multiple innate and adaptive pathways distributed across the cellular components of the immune system. Using expression profiles from purified human microglia, we observed enrichment for MS genes in these brain-resident immune cells, suggesting that these may have a role in targeting an autoimmune process to the central nervous system, although MS is most likely initially triggered by perturbation of peripheral immune responses

• Barclay, Kate; Carruthers, R; Traboulsee, A; Bass, AD; LaGanke, C; Bertolotto, Antonio; Boster, A; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; deSeze, J; Cruz, DD; Habek, Mario; Lee, JM; Limmroth, V; Meuth, SG; Oreja-Guevara, Celia; Pagnotta, P; Vos, Cindy; Ziemssen, Tjalf; Baker, DP & Wijmeersch, BV (2019). Best practices for long-term monitoring and follow-up of alemtuzumab-treated MS patients in real-world clinical settings. Frontiers in Neurology.  ISSN 1664-2295.  10 . doi: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00253 Full text in Research Archive.
• Benavent, Sigrid Aune de Rodez; Nygaard, Gro Owren; Nilsen, Kristian Bernhard; Etholm, Lars; Sowa, Piotr; Gustavsen, Marte Wendel; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Drolsum, Liv; Laeng, Bruno; Kerty, Emilia & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen (2019). Neurodegenerative interplay of cardiovascular autonomic dysregulation and the retina in early multiple sclerosis. Frontiers in Neurology.  ISSN 1664-2295.  10, s 1- 9 . doi: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00507 Full text in Research Archive.
• Brorson, Ina Skaara; Eriksson, Anna Maria; Leikfoss, Ingvild Sørum; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Berg-Hansen, Pål; Barcellos, Lisa F; Berge, Tone; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Bos-Haugen, Steffan Daniël (2019). No differential gene expression for CD4+ T cells of MS patients and healthy controls. Multiple Sclerosis Journal, Experimental, Translational and Clinical.  ISSN 2055-2173. . doi: 10.1177/2055217319856903
• Brorson, Ina Skaara; Eriksson, Anna; Leikfoss, Ingvild Sørum; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Berg-Hansen, Pål; Barcellos, Lisa F.; Berge, Tone; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Bos, Steffan Daniel (2019). No differential gene expression for CD4+ T cells of MS patients and healthy controls.. Multiple Sclerosis Journal, Experimental, Translational and Clinical.  ISSN 2055-2173.  5(2) . doi: 10.1177%2F2055217319856903 Full text in Research Archive.
• Grytten, Nina; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Benjaminsen, Espen; Kampman, Margitta Theodora; Midgard, Rune; Vatne, Anita; Aarseth, Jan Harald; Riise, Trond & Torkildsen, Øivind (2019). Risk of cancer among multiple sclerosis patients, siblings, and population controls: A prospective cohort study. Multiple Sclerosis.  ISSN 1352-4585.  26(2), s 1569- 1580 . doi: 10.1177/1352458519877244 Full text in Research Archive.
• Halvorsrud, Ragnhild; Røhne, Mette; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Moen, Stine Marit & Strisland, Frode (2019). Application of Patient Journey Methodology to Explore Needs for Digital Support A Multiple Sclerosis Case Study, In Conceição Granja & Terje Solvoll (ed.),  Proceedings of the 17th Scandinavian Conference on Health Informatics 2019.  Linköping University Electronic Press.  ISBN 978-91-7929-957-6.  kapittel.  s 148 - 153 Show summary

  Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease with a highly variable course, and patients face a large number of health professionals during treatment and follow-up. We introduce a methodology for detailed analysis and visualisation of patient journeys. The purpose was to gain insight into MS-patients' needs, experiences, and desires. A case study with three patients over a period of 4-6 weeks revealed how they interact with health professionals in managing their disease. We have identified several areas where digital tools may improve the patients' quality of life, and support health professionals in their follow-up and treatment of MS.

• Kaufmann, Tobias; van der Meer, Dennis; Doan, Nhat Trung; Schwarz, Emanuel; Lund, Martina Jonette; Agartz, Ingrid; Alnæs, Dag; Barch, Deanna M.; Baur-Streubel, Ramona; Bertolino, Alessandro; Bettella, Francesco; Beyer, Mona K.; Bøen, Erlend; Borgwardt, Stefan; Brandt, Christine Lycke; Buitelaar, Jan; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Cervenka, Simon; Conzelmann, Annette; Còrdova Palomera, Aldo; Dale, Anders; de Quervain, Dominique J.F.; di Carlo, Pasquale; Djurovic, Srdjan; Dørum, Erlend Solberg; Eisenacher, Sarah; Elvsåshagen, Torbjørn; Espeseth, Thomas; Fatouros-Bergman, Helena; Flyckt, Lena; Franke, Barbara; Frei, Oleksandr; Haatveit, Beathe; Håberg, Asta; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Hartman, Catharina A; Heslenfeld, Dirk J; Hoekstra, Pieter J; Høgestøl, Einar August; Jernigan, Terry L.; Jonassen, Rune; Jönsson, Erik Gunnar; Kirsch, Peter; Kłoszewska, Iwona; Kolskår, Knut-Kristian; Landrø, Nils Inge; Le Hellard, Stephanie; Lesch, Klaus-Peter; Lovestone, Simon; Lundervold, Arvid; Lundervold, Astri; Maglanoc, Luigi Angelo; Malt, Ulrik Fredrik; Mecocci, Patrizia; Melle, Ingrid; Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas; Moberget, Torgeir; Norbom, Linn Christin Bonaventure; Nordvik, Jan Egil; Nyberg, Lars; Oosterlaan, Jaap; Papalino, Marco; Papassotiropoulos, Andreas; Pauli, Paul; Pergola, Giulio; Persson, Karin Ester Torun; Richard, Geneviève; Rokicki, Jaroslav; Sanders, Anne-Marthe; Selbæk, Geir; Shadrin, Alexey A.; Smeland, Olav Bjerkehagen; Soininen, Hilkka; Sowa, Piotr; Steen, Vidar Martin; Tsolaki, Magda; Ulrichsen, Kristine Moe; Vellas, Bruno; Wang, Lei; Westman, Eric; Ziegler, Georg C.; Zink, Mathias; Andreassen, Ole Andreas & Westlye, Lars Tjelta (2019). Common brain disorders are associated with heritable patterns of apparent aging of the brain. Nature Neuroscience.  ISSN 1097-6256.  22(10), s 1617- 1623 . doi: 10.1038/s41593-019-0471-7 Full text in Research Archive.
• Rhead, Brooke; Brorson, Ina Skaara; Berge, Tone; Adams, Cameron; Quach, H.; Moen, Stine Marit; Berg-Hansen, Pål; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Sangurdekar, Dipen; Bronson, Paola G.; Lea, Rodney A.; Burnard, Sean; Maltby, Vicky E.; Scott, Rodney J; Lechner-Scott, Jeannette; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Bos-Haugen, Steffan Daniël & Barcellos, Lisa F (2019). Increased DNA methylation of SLFN12 in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from multiple sclerosis patients. PLOS ONE.  ISSN 1932-6203. . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206511
• Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen & Vila, Carlos (2018). The influence of THC:CBD oromucosal spray on driving ability in patients with multiple sclerosis-related spasticity. Brain and Behavior.  ISSN 2162-3279.  8(5), s 1- 11 . doi: 10.1002/brb3.962 Full text in Research Archive.
• Hobart, Jeremy; Bowen, Amy; Pepper, George; Crofts, Harriet; Eberhard, Lucy; Berger, Thomas; Boyko, Alexey; Boz, Cavit; Butzkueven, Helmut; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Drulovic, Jelena; Flores, José; Horáková, Dana; Lebrun-Frénay, Christine; Marrie, Ruth Ann; Overell, James; Piehl, Fredrik; Rasmussen, Peter Vestergaard; Sá, Maria José; Sîrbu, Carmen-Adella; Skromne, Eli; Torkildsen, Øivind; van Pesch, Vincent; Vollmer, Timothy; Zakaria, Magd; Ziemssen, Tjalf & Giovannoni, Gavin (2018). International consensus on quality standards for brain health-focused care in multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis.  ISSN 1352-4585.  s 1- 10 . doi: 10.1177/1352458518809326
• Kular, Lara; Liu, Yun; Ruhrmann, Sabrina; Zheleznyakova, Galina; Marabita, Francesco; Gomez-Cabrero, David; James, Tojo; Ewing, Ewoud; Lindén, Magdalena; Górnikiewicz, Bartosz; Aeinehband, Shahin; Stridh, Pernilla; Link, Jenny; Andlauer, Till F.M.; Gasperi, Christiane; Wiendl, Heinz; Zipp, Frauke; Gold, Ralf; Tackenberg, Björn; Weber, Frank; Hemmer, Bernhard; Strauch, Konstantin; Heilmann-Heimbach, Stefanie; Rawal, Rajesh; Schminke, Ulf; Schmidt, Carsten O.; Kacprowski, Tim; Franke, Andre; Laudes, Matthias; Dilthey, Alexander T.; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Søndergaard, Helle Bach; Tegnér, Jesper; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Oturai, Annette B.; Olafsson, Sigurgeir; Eggertsson, Hannes P.; Halldorsson, Bjarni V.; Hjaltason, Haukur; Olafsson, Elias; Jonsdottir, Ingileif; Stefansson, Kari; Olsson, Tomas; Piehl, Fredrik; Ekström, Tomas J.; Kockum, Ingrid; Feinberg, Andrew P. & Jagodic, Maja (2018). DNA methylation as a mediator of HLA-DRB1 15:01 and a protective variant in multiple sclerosis. Nature Communications.  ISSN 2041-1723.  9(1), s 1- 15 . doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04732-5 Full text in Research Archive.
• Mitrovic, Mitja; Patsopoulos, Nikolaos A.; Beecham, Ashley H.; Dankowski, Theresa; Goris, An; Dubois, Benedicte; D’hooghe, Marie B.; Lemmens, Robin; Van Damme, Philip; Bach Søndergaard, Helle; Sellebjerg, Finn; Soelberg Sorensen, Per; Ullum, Henrik; Thørner, Lise Wegner; Werge, Thomas; Saarela, Janna; Cournu-Rebeix, Isabelle; Damotte, Vincent; Fontaine, Bertrand; Guillot-Noel, Lena; Lathrop, Mark; Vukusik, Sandra; Gourraud, Pierre-Antoine; Andlauer, Till F.M.; Pongratz, Viola; Buck, Dorothea; Gasperi, Christiane; Antonios, Bayas; Heesen, Christoph; Kümpfel, Tania; Linker, Ralf; Paul, Friedemann; Stangel, Martin; Tackenberg, Björn; Bergh, Florian Then; Warnke, Clemens; Wiendl, Heinz; Wildemann, Brigitte; Zettl, Uwe; Ziemann, Ulf; Tumani, Hayrettin; Gold, Ralf; Grummel, Verena; Hemmer, Bernhard; Knier, Benjamin; Lill, Christina M.; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Lie, Benedicte Alexandra; Spurkland, Anne; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Cotsapas, Chris (2018). Low-Frequency and Rare-Coding Variation Contributes to Multiple Sclerosis Risk. Cell.  ISSN 0092-8674.  175(6), s 1679- 1687 . doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.09.049 Full text in Research Archive.
• Rhead, Brooke; Brorson, Ina Skaara; Berge, Tone; Adams, Cameron; Quach, Hong; Moen, Stine Marit; Berg-Hansen, Pål; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Sangurdekar, Dipen; Bronson, Paola G.; Lea, Rodney A.; Burnard, Sean; Maltby, Vicky E.; Scott, Rodney J; Lechner-Scott, Jeannette; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Bos, Steffan Daniel & Barcellos, Lisa F (2018). Increased DNA methylation of SLFN12 in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from multiple sclerosis patients. PLOS ONE.  ISSN 1932-6203.  13(10) . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206511 Full text in Research Archive.
• Sowa, Piotr; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; White, Nathan S.; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Bartsch, Hauke; Berg-Hansen, Pål; Moen, Stine Marit; Bjørnerud, Atle; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Andreassen, Ole Andreas; Dale, Anders & Beyer, Mona K. (2018). Restriction spectrum imaging of white matter and its relation to neurological disability in multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis.  ISSN 1352-4585.  s 1- 12 . doi: 10.1177/1352458518765671 Full text in Research Archive.
• Bjørnevik, Kjetil; Riise, Trond; Benjaminsen, Espen; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Dahl, Ole-Petter; Kampman, Margitta Theodora; Løken-Amsrud, Kristin Ingeleiv; Midgard, Rune; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Torkildsen, Øivind; Vatne, Anita & Grytten, Nina (2017). Level of education and multiple sclerosis risk over a 50-year period: Registry-based sibling study. Multiple Sclerosis.  ISSN 1352-4585.  23(2), s 213- 219 . doi: 10.1177/1352458516646863 Full text in Research Archive.
• Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen (2017). Infections in patients with multiple sclerosis: Implications for disease-modifying therapy. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica.  ISSN 0001-6314.  136, s 34- 36 . doi: 10.1111/ane.12835
• de Rodez Benavent, Sigrid Aune; Nygaard, Gro Owren; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Tønnesen, Siren; Sowa, Piotr; Landrø, Nils Inge; Gustavsen, Marte Wendel; Etholm, Lars; Nilsen, Kristian Bernhard; Drolsum, Liv; Kerty, Emilia; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen & Laeng, Bruno (2017). Fatigue and cognition: Pupillary responses to problem-solving in early multiple sclerosis patients. Brain and Behavior.  ISSN 2162-3279.  7 . doi: 10.1002/brb3.717 Full text in Research Archive.
• Gustavsen, Marte Wendel & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen (2017). Is the hygiene hypothesis relevant for the risk of multiple sclerosis?. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica.  ISSN 0001-6314.  136, s 26- 30 . doi: 10.1111/ane.12844
• Olafsson, Sigurgeir; Olafsson, S.; Stridh, Pernilla; Stridh, P.; Bos, Steffan Daniel; Ingason, Andrés; Ingason, Andres; Euesden, J; Euesden, Jack; Sulem, Patrick; Thorleifsson, Gudmar; Gustafsson, O; Gustafsson, Omar; Geirsson, AJ; Jóhannesson, Ari J.; Geirsson, Arni J.; Thorsson, AV; Thorsson, Arni V.; Ludviksson, BR; Sigurgeirsson, Bardur; Olafsson, Elias; Jonasson, JG; Kristjansdottir, Helga; Olafsson, E; Jonasson, Jon G.; Kristjansdottir, H; Olafsson, JH; Ólafsson, Jón Hjaltalín; Orvar, KB; Benediktsson, Rafn; Bjarnason, Ragnar; Kristjansdottir, Sjofn; Gislason, Thorarin; Gislason, Thorarinn; Valdimarsson, T; Mikaelsdottir, E; Sigurdsson, S; Sigurdsson, Snaevar; Jonsson, S; Jonsson, Stefan; Rafnar, Thorunn; Aarsland, Dag; Djurovic, Srdjan; Fladby, Tormod; Knudsen, Gun Peggy S.; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Gröndal, Gerdur; Steinsson, K; Steinsson, Kristjan; Valdimarsson, Helgi; Bjornsson, Sigurdur; Bjornsdottir, US; Bjornsdottir, Unnur S.; Bjornsson, Einar S.; Nilsson, Björn; Nilsson, B; Andreassen, Ole Andreas; Alfredsson, Lars; Hillert, Jan; Kockum, Ingrid; Másson, Gísli; Masson, Gisli; Thorsteinssdottir, U; Stefánsson, Kári; Gudbjartsson, Daniel F.; Stefansson, H; Hjaltason, H; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Olsson, T; Jonsdottir, I & Stefansson, K (2017). Fourteen sequence variants that associate with multiple sclerosis discovered by meta-analysis informed by genetic correlations. NPJ GENOMIC MEDICINE.  ISSN 2056-7944.  2 . doi: 10.1038/s41525-017-0027-2 Full text in Research Archive. Show summary

  A meta-analysis of publicly available summary statistics on multiple sclerosis combined with three Nordic multiple sclerosis cohorts (21,079 cases, 371,198 controls) revealed seven sequence variants associating with multiple sclerosis, not reported previously. Using polygenic risk scores based on public summary statistics of variants outside the major histocompatibility complex region we quantified genetic overlap between common autoimmune diseases in Icelanders and identified disease clusters characterized by autoantibody presence/absence. As multiple sclerosis-polygenic risk scores captures the risk of primary biliary cirrhosis and vice versa (P = 1.6 x 10(-7), 4.3 x 10(-9)) we used primary biliary cirrhosis as a proxy-phenotype for multiple sclerosis, the idea being that variants conferring risk of primary biliary cirrhosis have a prior probability of conferring risk of multiple sclerosis. We tested 255 variants forming the primary biliary cirrhosis-polygenic risk score and found seven multiple sclerosis-associating variants not correlated with any previously established multiple sclerosis variants. Most of the variants discovered are close to or within immune-related genes. One is a low-frequency missense variant in TYK2, another is a missense variant in MTHFR that reduces the function of the encoded enzyme affecting methionine metabolism, reported to be dysregulated in multiple sclerosis brain.

• Simonsen, Cecilia Smith; Edland, Astrid; Berg-Hansen, Pål & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen (2017). High prevalence and increasing incidence of multiple sclerosis in the Norwegian county of Buskerud. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica.  ISSN 0001-6314.  135(4), s 412- 418 . doi: 10.1111/ane.12615 Full text in Research Archive.
• Sowa, Piotr; Nygaard, Gro Owren; Bjørnerud, Atle; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Beyer, Mona K. (2017). Magnetic resonance imaging perfusion is associated with disease severity and activity in multiple sclerosis. Neuroradiology.  ISSN 0028-3940.  59(7), s 655- 664 . doi: 10.1007/s00234-017-1849-4 Full text in Research Archive.
• Berge, Tone; Leikfoss, Ingvild Sørum; Brorson, Ina Skaara; Bos, Steffan Daniel; Page, Christian; Gustavsen, Marte Wendel; Bjølgerud, Anja; Holmøy, Trygve; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Damoiseaux, J.; Smolders, J; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Spurkland, Anne (2016). The multiple sclerosis susceptibility genes TAGAP and IL2RA are regulated by Vitamin D in CD4+ T cells. Genes and Immunity.  ISSN 1466-4879.  17(2), s 118- 127 . doi: 10.1038/gene.2015.61
• Bos, Steffan Daniel; Berge, Tone; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen & Harbo, Hanne Flinstad (2016). From genetic associations to functional studies in multiple sclerosis. European Journal of Neurology.  ISSN 1351-5101.  23(5), s 847- 853 . doi: 10.1111/ene.12981
• Gustavsen, Marte Wendel; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Winsvold, Bendik K S; Moen, Stine Marit; Nygaard, Gro Owren; Berg-Hansen, Pål; Lie, Benedicte Alexandra; Zwart, John-Anker & Harbo, Hanne Flinstad (2016). Migraine and frequent tension-type headache are not associated with multiple sclerosis in a Norwegian case-control study. Multiple Sclerosis Journal, Experimental, Translational and Clinical.  ISSN 2055-2173.  2, s 1- 4 . doi: 10.1177/2055217316682976 Full text in Research Archive.
• Simonsen, Cecilia Smith; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Brunborg, Cathrine; Tallaksen, Chantal; Eriksen, Erik Fink; Holmøy, Trygve & Moen, Stine Marit (2016). Bone mineral density in patients with multiple sclerosis, hereditary ataxia or hereditary spastic paraplegia after at least 10 years of disease - a case control study. BMC Neurology.  ISSN 1471-2377.  16 . doi: 10.1186/s12883-016-0771-4
• Moutsianas, Loukas; Jostins, Luke; Beecham, Ashley H.; Dilthey, Alexander T.; Xifara, Dionysia K.; Ban, Maria; Shah, Tejas S.; Patsopoulos, Nikolaos A.; Alfredsson, Lars; Anderson, Carl A.; Attfield, Katherine E.; Baranzini, Sergio E.; Barrett, Jeffrey; Binder, Thomas M.C.; Booth, David; Buck, Dorothea; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Cotsapas, Chris; D'Alfonso, Sandra; Dendrou, Calliope A.; Donnelly, Peter; Dubois, Bénédicte; Fontaine, Bertrand; Fugger, Lars; Goris, An; Gourraud, Pierr-Antoine; Graetz, Christiane; Hemmer, Bernhard; Hillert, Jan; Kockum, Ingrid; Leslie, Stephen; Lill, Christina M.; Martinelli-Boneschi, Filippo; Oksenberg, Jorge R.; Olsson, Tomas; Oturai, Annette; Saarela, Janna; Søndergaard, Helle Bach; Spurkland, Anne; Taylor, Bruce; Winkelmann, Juliane; Zipp, Frauke; Haines, Jonathan L.; Pericak-Vance, Margaret A.; Spencer, Chris C.A.; Stewart, Graeme; Hafler, David A; Ivinson, Adrian J.; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Hauser, Stephen L.; De Jager, Philip L.; Compston, Alastair; McCauley, Jacob L.; Sawcer, Stephen & McVean, Gil (2015). Class II HLA interactions modulate genetic risk for multiple sclerosis. Nature Genetics.  ISSN 1061-4036.  47(10), s 1107- 1113 . doi: 10.1038/ng.3395
• Berg-Hansen, Pål & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen (2015). Socio-economic factors and immigrant population studies of multiple sclerosis. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica.  ISSN 0001-6314.  132(S199), s 37- 41 . doi: 10.1111/ane.12429
• Berg-Hansen, Pål; Moen, Stine Marit; Sandvik, Leiv; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Bakken, Inger Johanne; Stoltenberg, Camilla & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen (2015). Prevalence of multiple sclerosis among immigrants in Norway. Multiple Sclerosis.  ISSN 1352-4585.  21(6), s 695- 702 . doi: 10.1177/1352458514554055
• Goris, An; Pauwels, Ine; Gustavsen, Marte Wendel; Van Son, Brechtje; Hilven, Kelly; Bos, Steffan Daniel; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Berg-Hansen, Pål; Aarseth, Jan Harald; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; D'Alfonso, Sandra; Barizzone, Nadia; Leone, Maurizio A.; Boneschi, Filippo Martinelli; Sorosina, Melissa; Liberatore, Giuseppe; Kockum, Ingrid; Olsson, Tomas; Hillert, Jan; Alfredsson, Lars; Bedri, Sahl Khalid; Hemmer, Bernhard; Buck, Dorothea; Berthele, Achim; Knier, Benjamin; Biberacher, Viola; Van Pesch, Vincent; Sindi, Christian; Oturai, Annette Bang; Søndergaard, Helle Bach; Sellebjerg, Finn; Jensen, Poul Erik Hyldgaard; Comabella, Manuel; Montalban, Xavier; Pérez-Boza, Jennifer; Malhotra, Sunny; Lechner-Scott, Jeannette; Broadley, Simon; Slee, Mark; Taylor, Bruce; Kermode, Allan G.; Gourraud, Pierre-Antoine; Sawcer, Stephen; Kulle, Bettina; Dubois, Bénédicte & Harbo, Hanne Flinstad (2015). Genetic variants are major determinants of CSF antibody levels in multiple sclerosis. Brain.  ISSN 0006-8950.  138(3), s 632- 643 . doi: 10.1093/brain/awu405
• Leikfoss, Ingvild Sørum; Keshari, Pankaj Kumar; Gustavsen, Marte Wendel; Bjølgerud, Anja; Brorson, Ina Skaara; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Spurkland, Anne; Bos, Steffan Daniel; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Berge, Tone (2015). Multiple sclerosis risk allele in CLEC16A acts as an expression quantitative trait locus for CLEC16A and SOCS1 in CD4+ T cells. PLOS ONE.  ISSN 1932-6203.  10>e0132957(7) . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132957 Full text in Research Archive.
• Nygaard, Gro Owren; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; de Rodez Benavent, Sigrid Aune; Sowa, Piotr; Gustavsen, Marte Wendel; Fjell, Anders Martin; Landrø, Nils Inge; Walhovd, Kristine B & Harbo, Hanne Flinstad (2015). A longitudinal study of disability, cognition and gray matter atrophy in early multiple sclerosis patients according to evidence of disease activity. PLOS ONE.  ISSN 1932-6203.  10(8) . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135974 Full text in Research Archive.
• Nygaard, Gro Owren; de Rodez Benavent, Sigrid Aune; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Laeng, Bruno; Sowa, Piotr; Damangir, Soheil; Nilsen, Kristian Bernhard; Etholm, Lars; Tønnesen, Siren; Kerty, Emilia; Drolsum, Liv; Landrø, Nils Inge & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen (2015). Eye and hand motor interactions with the Symbol Digit Modalities Test in early multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders.  ISSN 2211-0348.  4(6), s 585- 589 . doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2015.08.003
• Nygaard, Gro Owren; Walhovd, Kristine B; Sowa, Piotr; Chepkoech, Joy-Loi; Bjørnerud, Atle; Due-Tønnessen, Paulina; Landrø, Nils Inge; Damangir, Soheil; Spulber, Gabriela; Storsve, Andreas Berg; Kristiansen Beyer, Mona; Fjell, Anders Martin; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen & Harbo, Hanne Flinstad (2015). Cortical thickness and surface area relate to specific symptoms in early relapsing−remitting multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis.  ISSN 1352-4585.  21(4), s 402- 414 . doi: 10.1177/1352458514543811
• Penner, Iris-Katharina; Sivertsdotter, Eva Catharina; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Fuchs, Siegrid; Schreiber, Karen; Berkö, Sara & Svenningsson, Anders (2015). Improvement in fatigue during natalizumab treatment is linked to improvement in depression and day-time sleepiness. Frontiers in Neurology.  ISSN 1664-2295.  6:18 . doi: 10.3389/fneur.2015.00018
• Sowa, Piotr; Bjørnerud, Atle; Nygaard, Gro Owren; Damangir, Soheil; Spulber, Gabriela; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Due-Tønnessen, Paulina; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Beyer, Mona K. (2015). Reduced perfusion in white matter lesions in multiple sclerosis. European Journal of Radiology.  ISSN 0720-048X.  84(12), s 2605- 2612 . doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2015.09.007
• Westerlind, Helga; Imrell, Kerstin; Ramanujam, Ryan; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Oturai, Annette Bang; Hamsten, Anders; Alfredsson, Lars; Olsson, Tomas; Kockum, Ingrid; Koski, Timo & Hillert, Jan (2015). Identity-by-descent mapping in a Scandinavian multiple sclerosis cohort. European Journal of Human Genetics.  ISSN 1018-4813.  23(5), s 688- 692 . doi: 10.1038/ejhg.2014.155 Full text in Research Archive.
• Damotte, V; Guillot-Noel, Lena; Patsopoulos, Nikolaos A.; Madireddy, L; Behi, M El; Ban, Maria; Baranzini, Sergio; Barcellos, Lisa; Beecham, Gary; Beecham, Ashley; Bernardinelli, L; Booth, David; Bos, Steffan Daniel; Buck, Dorothea; Bush, William; Comabella, Manuel; Compston, Alastair; Cotsapas, Chris; Cournu-rebeixisabelle, Isabelle; Cree, Bruce; d'Alfonso, Sandra; Daly, Mark; Damotte, Vincent; Davis, Mary; Bakker, Paul de; De Jager, Philip L; Dubois, Benedicte; Esposito, Federica; Fontaine, Bertrand; Goris, An; Gourraud, Pierre-Antoine; Green, Todd; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Hadjixenofontos, Athena; Hafler, David; Haines, Jonathan; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Hauser, Stephen; Hawkins, Clive; Hemmer, Bernhard; Hillert, Jan; Hintzen, Rogier; Horáková, Dana; Ivinson, Adrian J; Kemppinen, Anu; Kira, Jun-ichi; Kockum, Ingrid; Lincoln, Robin; Martin, Roland; Boneschi, Filippo martinelli; McCauley, Jacob L.; Mero, Inger-Lise; Oksenberg, Jorge; Olsson, Tomas; Oturai, Annette; Palotie, Aarno; Pericak-Vance, Margaret; Rioux, John; Saarela, Janna; Sawcer, Stephen; Schnetz-boutaud, Nathalie; Sellebjerg, Finn; Soendergaard, Helle; Sorensen, Per Soelberg; Spurkland, Anne; Stankovich, Jim; Stewart, Graeme; Taylor, Bruce; Ticca, Anna; West, Sandra; Zipp, Frauke; Blackwell, Jenefer m; Bramon, Elvira; Brown, Matthew A; Casas, Juan Pablo; Corvin, Aiden; Jankowski, Janusz; Markus, Hugh s; Mathew, Christopher G.; Palmer, Colin NA; Plomin, Robert; Rautanen, Anna; Trembath, Richard c; Viswanathan, Ananth c; Wood, Nicholas W.; Spencer, Chris ca; Band, Gavin; Bellenguez, Celine; Freeman, Colin; Hellenthal, Garrett; Giannoulatou, Eleni; Pirinen, Matti; Pearson, Richard; Strange, Amy; Su, Zhan; Vukcevic, Damjan; Donnelly, Peter; Langford, Cordelia; Hunt, Sarah E; Edkins, Sarah; Gwilliam, Rhian; Blackburn, Hannah; Bumpstead, Suzannah J.; Dronov, Serge; Gillman, Matthew; Gray, Emma; Hammond, Naomi; Jayakumar, Alagurevathi; Mccann, Owen t; Liddle, Jennifer; Potter, Simon C; Ravindrarajah, Rathi; Ricketts, Michelle; Waller, Matthew J; Weston, Paul; Widaa, Sara; Whittaker, Pamela; Barroso, Ines; Deloukas, Panos; Dilthey, Alexander; Leslie, Stephen; Moutsianas, Loukas; Perez, Marc l; Mcvean, Gil; Mccarthy, Mark i; Baranzini, SE; Cournu-Rebeix, I & Fontaine, B. (2014). A gene pathway analysis highlights the role of cellular adhesion molecules in multiple sclerosis susceptibility. Genes and Immunity.  ISSN 1466-4879.  15, s 126- 132 . doi: 10.1038/gene.2013.70
• Goris, An; Van Setten, Jessica; Diekstra, Frank; Ripke, Stephan; Patsopoulos, Nikolaos A.; Sawcer, Stephen; Ban, Maria; Baranzini, Sergio; Barcellos, Lisa; Beecham, Gary; Beecham, Ashley; Bernardinelli, L; Booth, David; Bos, Steffan Daniel; Buck, Dorothea; Bush, William; Comabella, Manuel; Compston, Alastair; Cotsapas, Chris; Cournu-Rebeix, Isabelle; Cree, Bruce; d'Alfonso, Sandra; Daly, Mark; Damotte, Vincent; Davis, Mary; Bakker, Paul de; De Jager, Philip L; Dubois, Benedicte; Esposito, Federica; Fontaine, Bertrand; Gourraud, Pierre-Antoine; Green, Todd; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Hadjixenofontos, Athena; Hafler, David; Haines, Jonathan; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Hauser, Stephen; Hawkins, Clive; Hemmer, Bernhard; Hillert, Jan; Hintzen, Rogier; Horáková, Dana; Ivinson, Adrian J; Kemppinen, Anu; Kira, Jun-ichi; Kockum, Ingrid; Lincoln, Robin; Martin, Roland; Boneschi, Filippo martinelli; McCauley, Jacob L.; Mero, Inger-Lise; Oksenberg, Jorge; Olsson, Tomas; Oturai, Annette; Palotie, Aarno; Pericak-Vance, Margaret; Rioux, John; Saarela, Janna; Schnetz-boutaud, Nathalie; Sellebjerg, Finn; Soendergaard, Helle; Sorensen, Per Soelberg; Spurkland, Anne; Stankovich, Jim; Stewart, Graeme; Taylor, Bruce; Ticca, Anna; West, Sandra; Zipp, Frauke; van Es, Michael; Bahlo, M; Booth, DR; Broadley, SA; Brown, MA; Foote, SJ; Griffiths, LR; Kilpatrick, TJ; Lechner-Scott, J; Moscato, P; Perreau, VM; Rubio, JP; Scott, RJ; Stankovich, J; Taylor, BV; Wiley, J; Clarke, G; Cox, MB; Csurhes, PA; Danoy, P; Drysdale, K; Field, J; Greer, JM; Guru, P; Hadler, J; Mcmorran, BJ; Jensen, CJ; Johnson, JL; McCallum, R.; Merriman, M.; Merriman, T.; Pryce, K; Stewart, GJ; Tajouri, L; Wilkins, EJ; Browning, BL; Browning, SR; Perera, D; Broadley, S.; Butzkueven, H.; Carroll, WM; Chapman, C.; Kermode, AG; Marriott, M; Mason, D; Heard, RN; Pender, MP; Slee, M.; Tubridy, N; Willoughby, E; Andersen, Peter M.; Melki, Judith; Meininger, Vincent; Hardiman, Orla; Landers, John E; Brown, Robert H; Shatunov, Aleksey; Leigh, Nigel; Al-Chalabi, Ammar; Shaw, Christopher E; Traynor, Bryan J.; Chio, Adriano; Restagno, Gabriella; Mora, Gabriele; Ophoff, Roel A.; Oksenberg, Jorge R.; Van Damme, Philip; Robberecht, Wim; van den Berg, Leonard H.; Veldink, Jan H & de Bakker, Paul I.W. (2014). No evidence for shared genetic basis of common variants in multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Human Molecular Genetics.  ISSN 0964-6906.  23(7), s 1916- 1922 . doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddt574
• Berg-Hansen, Pål; Moen, Stine Marit; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen (2014). High prevalence and no latitude gradient of multiple sclerosis in Norway. Multiple Sclerosis.  ISSN 1352-4585.  20(13), s 1780- 1782 . doi: 10.1177/1352458514525871
• Gustavsen, Marte Wendel; Page, Christian; Moen, Stine Marit; Bjølgerud, Anja; Berg-Hansen, Pål; Nygaard, Gro Owren; Sandvik, Leiv; Lie, Benedicte Alexandra; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen & Harbo, Hanne Flinstad (2014). Environmental exposures and the risk of multiple sclerosis investigated in a Norwegian case-control study. BMC Neurology.  ISSN 1471-2377.  14(1) . doi: 10.1186/s12883-014-0196-x Full text in Research Archive.
• Gustavsen, Marte Wendel; Viken, Marte K; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Berge, Tone; Mero, Inger-Lise; Berg-Hansen, Pål; Aarseth, Jan Harald; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Søndergaard, Helle Bach; Sellebjerg, Finn; Oturai, Annette Bang; Hillert, Jan; Alfredsson, Lars; Olsson, Tomas; Kockum, Ingrid; Lie, Benedicte Alexandra & Harbo, Hanne Flinstad (2014). Oligoclonal band phenotypes in MS differ in their HLA class II association, while specific KIR ligands at HLA class I show association to MS in general. Journal of Neuroimmunology.  ISSN 0165-5728.  274(1-2), s 174- 179 . doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2014.06.024
• Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Isobe, Noriko; Berg-Hansen, Pål; Bos, Steffan Daniel; Caillier, Stacy; Gustavsen, Marte Wendel; Mero, Inger-Lise; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Hauser, Stephen L; Oksenberg, Jorge R. & Gourraud, Pierre-Antoine (2014). Oligoclonal bands and age at onset correlate with genetic risk score in multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis.  ISSN 1352-4585.  20(6), s 660- 668 . doi: 10.1177/1352458513506503
• Lund, Caroline; Nakken, Karl Otto; Edland, Astrid & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen (2014). Multiple sclerosis and seizures: Incidence and prevalence over 40 years. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica.  ISSN 0001-6314.  130(6), s 368- 373 . doi: 10.1111/ane.12276
• Torkildsen, Øivind Fredvik; Aarseth, Jan Harald; Benjaminsen, Espen; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Holmøy, Trygve; Kampman, Margitta Theodora; Løken-Amsrud, Kristin Ingeleiv; Midgard, Rune; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Riise, Trond & Grytten, Nina Agnethe (2014). Month of birth and risk of multiple sclerosis: confounding and adjustments. Annals of clinical and translational neurology.  ISSN 2328-9503.  1(2), s 141- 144 . doi: 10.1002/acn3.37 Full text in Research Archive. Show summary

  A month of birth effect on multiple sclerosis (MS) risk has been reported from different countries. Recent critics have suggested that this finding is caused by confounding and that adequately adjusting for year and place of birth would markedly reduce this effect. All inhabitants in Norway are registered in the Norwegian Population Registry (Statistics Norway), making this an ideal area for performing adjusted analyses. Using the entire Norwegian population born between 1930 and 1979 (n = 2,899,260), we calculated the excess between observed and expected number of births for each month for 6649 Norwegian MS patients, 5711 mothers, 5247 fathers, and 8956 unaffected siblings. The analyses were adjusted for year of birth and place of birth according to the 19 counties in Norway. An unadjusted analysis revealed 13% fewer MS births than expected in February (P = 0.0015; Bonferroni corrected P = 0.018), 10% more in April (P = 0.0083; Bonferroni corrected P = 0.0996) and 15% more in December (P = 0.00058; Bonferroni corrected P = 0.007). Adjustments for both year and place of birth significantly altered our results for February and December, but even after these adjustments there were still 10% more MS births than expected in April (P = 0.00796; Bonferroni corrected P = 0.096). MS patients had a higher incidence of April births than their siblings (Fisher-exact test; P = 0.011), mothers (Fisher-exact test; P = 0.004), and fathers (Fisher-exact test; P = 0.011) without MS. Adjustments for confounding significantly affected our results. However, even after adjustments, there appears to be a persistent higher than expected frequency of April births in the MS population.

• Trojano, Maria; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Donze, Cecile; Izquierdo, Guillermo; Patti, Francesco & Pöhlau, Dieter (2014). Clinical case reviews and poster sessions in multiple sclerosis spasticity: Main outcomes and highlights. European Neurology.  ISSN 0014-3022.  72, s 15- 19 . doi: 10.1159/000367619
• Beecham, Ashley H.; Patsopoulos, NA; Xifara, DK; Davis, MF; Kemppinen, A; Cotsapas, C; Shah, TS; Spencer, C; Booth, D; Goris, A; Oturai, A; Saarela, J; Fontaine, B; Hemmer, B; Martin, C; Zipp, F; D'Alfonso, S; Martinelli-Boneschi, F; Taylor, B; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Kockum, I; Hillert, J; Olsson, T; Ban, M; Oksenberg, JR; Hintzen, R; Barcellos, LF; Agliardi, C; Alfredsson, L; Alizadeh, M; Anderson, C; Andrews, R; Sondergaard, HB; Baker, A; Band, G; Baranzini, SE; Barizzone, N; Barrett, J; Bellenguez, C; Bergamaschi, L; Bernardinelli, L; Berthele, A; Biberacher, V; Binder, TMC; Blackburn, H; Bomfim, IL; Brambilla, P; Broadley, S; Brochet, B; Brundin, L; Buck, D; Butzkueven, H; Caillier, SJ; Camu, W; Carpentier, W; Cavalla, P; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Coman, I; Comi, G; Corrado, L; Cosemans, L; Cournu-Rebeix, I; Cree, BAC; Cusi, D; Damotte, V; Defer, G; Delgado, SR; Deloukas, P; di Sapio, A; Dilthey, AT; Donnelly, P; Dubois, B; Duddy, M; Edkins, S; Elovaara, I; Esposito, F; Evangelou, N; Fiddes, B; Field, J; Franke, A; Freeman, C; Frohlich, IY; Galimberti, D; Gieger, C; Gourraud, PA; Graetz, C; Graham, A; Grummel, V; Guaschino, C; Hadjixenofontos, A; Hakonarson, H; Halfpenny, C; Hall, G; Hall, P; Hamsten, A; Harley, J; Harrower, T; Hawkins, C; Hellenthal, G; Hillier, C; Hobart, J; Hoshi, M; Hunt, SE; Jagodic, M; Jelcic, I; Jochim, A; Kendall, B; Kermode, A; Kilpatrick, T; Koivisto, K; Konidari, I; Korn, T; Kronsbein, H; Langford, C; Larsson, M; Lathrop, M; Lebrun-Frenay, C; Lechner-Scott, J; Lee, MH; Leone, MA; Leppa, V; Liberatore, G; Lie, Benedicte Alexandra; Lill, CM; Linden, M; Link, J; Luessi, F; Lycke, J; Macciardi, F; Mannisto, S; Manrique, CP; Martin, R; Martinelli, V; Mason, D; Mazibrada, G; McCabe, C; Mero, Inger-Lise; Mescheriakova, J; Moutsianas, L; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Nagels, G; Nicholas, R; Nilsson, P; Piehl, F; Pirinen, M; Price, SE; Quach, H; Reunanen, M; Robberecht, W; Robertson, NP; Rodegher, M; Rog, D; Salvetti, M; Schnetz-Boutaud, NC; Sellebjerg, F; Selter, RC; Schaefer, C; Shaunak, S; Shen, L; Shields, S; Siffrin, V; Slee, M; Sorensen, PS; Sorosina, M; Sospedra, M; Spurkland, Anne; Strange, A; Sundqvist, E; Thijs, V; Thorpe, J; Ticca, A; Tienari, P; van Duijn, C; Visser, EM; Vucic, S; Westerlind, H; Wiley, JS; Wilkins, A; Wilson, JF; Winkelmann, J; Zajicek, J; Zindler, E; Haines, JL; Pericak-Vance, MA; Ivinson, AJ; Stewart, G; Hafler, D; Hauser, SL; Compston, A; McVean, G; De Jager, P; Sawcer, SJ & McCauley, JL (2013). Analysis of immune-related loci identifies 48 new susceptibility variants for multiple sclerosis. Nature Genetics.  ISSN 1061-4036.  45(11), s 1353- 1360 . doi: 10.1038/ng.2770
• Rosella, Mechelli; Renato, Umeton; Policano, Claudia; Annibali, Viviana; Giulia, Coarelli; Ricigliano, Vito A. G.; Vittori, Danila; Fornasiero, Arianna; Buscarinu, Maria Chiara; Sawcer, Stephen; Hellenthal, Garrett; Pirinen, Matti; Spencer, Chris C A; Patsopoulos, Nikolaos; Mousianas, Loukas; Dithey, Alexander; Su, Zhan; Freeman, Colin; Hunt, Sarah E; Edkins, Sarah; Gray, Emma; Booth, David R; Potter, Simon C; Goris, An; Band, Gavin; Oturai, Annette Bang; Strange, Amy; Saarela, Janna; Bellenguez, Celine; Fontaine, Bertrand; Gillman, Matthew; Hemmer, Bernhard; Gwilliam, Rhian; Zipp, Frauke; Jayakumar, Akagurevathi; Martin, Roland; Leslie, Stephen; Hawkins, Stanley; Giannolatou, Eleni; D`alfonso, Sandra; Blackburn, Hannah; Boneschi, Fillippo Martinelli; Liddle, Jennifer; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Perez, Marc L; Spurkland, Anne; Waller, Matthew J; Mycko, Marcin P; Ricketts, Michelle; Comabella, Manuel; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord; Mero, Inger-Lise; Myhr, Kjell-Morten & SMESTAD, CATHRINE (2013). A ‘‘candidate-interactome’’ aggregate analysis of genome-wide association data in multiple sclerosis. PLOS ONE.  ISSN 1932-6203.  8(5) . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063300
• Ban, Maria; Caillier, Stacy; Mero, Inger-Lise; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Aarseth, Jan Harald; Torkildsen, Øivind; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Oksenberg, Jorge; Hauser, Stephen L; Sawcer, Stephen & Compston, Alastair (2013). No evidence of association between mutant alleles of the CYP27B1 gene and multiple sclerosis. Annals of Neurology.  ISSN 0364-5134.  73(3), s 430- 432 . doi: 10.1002/ana.23833
• Berg-Hansen, Pål; SMESTAD, CATHRINE; Sandvik, Leiv; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen (2013). Increased disease severity in non-Western immigrants with multiple sclerosis in Oslo, Norway. European Journal of Neurology.  ISSN 1351-5101.  20(12), s 1546- 1552 . doi: 10.1111/ene.12227
• Grytten, Nina Agnethe; Torkildsen, Øivind; Aarseth, Jan Harald; Benjaminsen, Espen; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Dahl, Ole-Petter; Holmøy, Trygve; Løken-Amsrud, Kristin Ingeleiv; Midgard, Rune; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Risberg, Geir; Vatne, Anita & Kampman, Margitta Theodora (2013). Month of birth as a latitude-dependent risk factor for multiple sclerosis in Norway. Multiple Sclerosis.  ISSN 1352-4585.  19(8), s 1028- 1034 . doi: 10.1177/1352458512471094
• Kampman, Margitta Theodora; Aarseth, Jan Harald; Grytten, Nina Agnethe; Benjaminsen, Espen; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Dahl, Ole-Petter; Holmøy, Trygve; Løken-Amsrud, Kristin Ingeleiv; Midgard, Rune; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Risberg, Geir; Vatne, Anita & Torkildsen, Øivind (2013). Sex ratio of multiple sclerosis in persons born from 1930 to 1979 and its relation to latitude in Norway. Journal of Neurology.  ISSN 0340-5354.  260(6), s 1481- 1488 . doi: 10.1007/s00415-012-6814-x
• Leone, Maurizio A.; Barizzone, Nadia; Esposito, Federica; Lucenti, Ausiliatrice; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Goris, An; Kochum, Ingrid; Oturai, Annette Bang; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Mero, Inger-Lise; Dubois, Benedicte; Olsson, Tomas; Søndergaard, Helle Bach; Cusi, Daniele; Lupoli, Sara; Kulle, Bettina; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Guerini, Franca R; Comi, Giancarlo; Martinelli-Boneschi, Filippo & d'Alfonso, Sandra (2013). Association of genetic markers with CSF oligoclonal bands in multiple sclerosis patients. PLOS ONE.  ISSN 1932-6203.  8(6) . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064408
• Mero, Inger-Lise; Gustavsen, Marte Wendel; Sæther, Hanne Skarpodde; Flåm, Siri Tennebø; Berg-Hansen, Pål; Søndergaard, Helle Bach; Jensen, Poul Erik Hyldgaard; Berge, Tone; Bjølgerud, Anja; Muggerud, Aslaug; Aarseth, Jan Harald; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Sellebjerg, Finn; Hillert, Jan; Alfredsson, Lars; Olsson, Tomas; Oturai, Annette Bang; Kockum, Ingrid; Lie, Benedicte Alexandra; Kulle, Bettina & Harbo, Hanne Flinstad (2013). Oligoclonal band status in Scandinavian multiple sclerosis patients is associated with specific genetic risk alleles. PLOS ONE.  ISSN 1932-6203.  8(3) . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058352
• Svenningsson, Anders; Falk, Eva; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Fuchs, Siegrid; Schreiber, Karen; Berko, Sara; Sun, Jennifer & Penner, Iris-Katharina (2013). Natalizumab Treatment Reduces Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis. Results from the TYNERGY Trial; A Study in the Real Life Setting. PLOS ONE.  ISSN 1932-6203.  8(3) . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058643
• Brambilla, Paola; Esposito, Federica; Lindström, Eva S.; Sorosina, Melissa; Giacalone, Giacomo; Clarelli, Ferdinando; Rodegher, Mariaemma; Colombo, Bruno; Moiola, Lucia; Ghezzi, Angelo; Capra, Ruggero; Collimedaglia, Laura; Coniglio, Gabriella; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Galimberti, Daniela; Sørensen, Per Soelberg; Martinelli, Vittorio; Oturai, Annette Bang; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Hillert, Jan; Comi, Giancarlo & Martinelli-Boneschi, Filippo (2012). Association between DPP6 polymorphism and the risk of progressive multiple sclerosis in Northern and Southern Europeans. Neuroscience Letters.  ISSN 0304-3940.  530(2), s 155- 160 . doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2012.10.008
• Link, Jenny; Kockum, Ingrid; Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord; Lie, Benedicte Alexandra; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Westerlind, Helga; Schaffer, Marie; Alfredsson, Lars; Olsson, Tomas; Brynedal, Boel; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Hillert, Jan (2012). Importance of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and II alleles on the risk of multiple sclerosis. PLOS ONE.  ISSN 1932-6203.  7(5:e36779) . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036779
• Mero, Inger-Lise; SMESTAD, CATHRINE; Lie, Benedicte Alexandra; Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord; Sandvik, Leiv; Landrø, Nils Inge; Aarseth, Jan Harald; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen & Harbo, Hanne Flinstad (2012). Polymorphisms of the BDNF gene show neither association with multiple sclerosis susceptibility nor clinical course. Journal of Neuroimmunology.  ISSN 0165-5728.  244(1-2), s 107- 110 . doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2012.01.011
• Moen, Stine Marit; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Sandvik, Leiv; Brustad, Magritt; Nordsletten, Lars; Eriksen, Erik Fink & Holmøy, Trygve (2012). Bone Turnover and Metabolism in Patients with Early Multiple Sclerosis and Prevalent Bone Mass Deficit: A Population-Based Case-Control Study. PLOS ONE.  ISSN 1932-6203.  7(9) . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045703 Full text in Research Archive.
• Sawcer, S; Hellenthal, G; Pirinen, M; Spencer, CCA; Patsopoulos, NA; Moutsianas, L; Dilthey, A; Su, Z; Freeman, C; Hunt, SE; Edkins, S; Gray, E; Booth, DR; Potter, SC; Goris, A; Band, G; Oturai, AB; Strange, A; Saarela, J; Bellenguez, C; Fontaine, B; Gillman, M; Hemmer, B; Gwilliam, R; Zipp, F; Jayakumar, A; Martin, R; Leslie, S; Hawkins, S; Giannoulatou, E; D'alfonso, S; Blackburn, H; Boneschi, FM; Liddle, J; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Perez, ML; Spurkland, Anne; Waller, MJ; Mycko, MP; Ricketts, M; Comabella, M; Hammond, N; Kockum, I; McCann, OT; Ban, M; Whittaker, P; Kemppinen, A; Weston, P; Hawkins, C; Widaa, S; Zajicek, J; Dronov, S; Robertson, N; Bumpstead, SJ; Barcellos, LF; Ravindrarajah, R; Abraham, R; Alfredsson, L; Ardlie, K; Aubin, C; Baker, A; Baker, K; Baranzini, SE; Bergamaschi, L; Bergamaschi, R; Bernstein, A; Berthele, A; Boggild, M; Bradfield, JP; Brassat, D; Broadley, SA; Buck, D; Butzkueven, H; Capra, R; Carroll, WM; Cavalla, P; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Cepok, S; Chiavacci, R; Clerget-Darpoux, F; Clysters, K; Comi, G; Cossburn, M; Cournu-Rebeix, I; Cox, MB; Cozen, W; Cree, BAC; Cross, AH; Cusi, D; Daly, MJ; Davis, E; de Bakker, PIW; Debouverie, M; D'hooghe, MB; Dixon, K; Dobosi, R; Dubois, B; Ellinghaus, D; Elovaara, I; Esposito, F; Fontenille, C; Foote, S; Franke, A; Galimberti, D; Ghezzi, A; Glessner, J; Gomez, R; Gout, O; Graham, C; Grant, SFA; Guerini, FR; Hakonarson, H; Hall, P; Hamsten, A; Hartung, HP; Heard, RN; Heath, S; Hobart, J; Hoshi, M; Infante-Duarte, C; Ingram, G; Ingram, W; Islam, T; Jagodic, M; Kabesch, M; Kermode, AG; Kilpatrick, TJ; Kim, C; Klopp, N; Koivisto, K; Larsson, M; Lathrop, M; Lechner-Scott, JS; Leone, MA; Leppa, V; Liljedahl, U; Bomfim, IL; Lincoln, RR; Link, J; Liu, JJ; Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord; Lupoli, S; Macciardi, F; Mack, T; Marriott, M; Martinelli, V; Mason, D; McCauley, JL; Mentch, F; Mero, Inger-Lise; Mihalova, T; Montalban, X; Mottershead, J; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Naldi, P; Ollier, W; Page, A; Palotie, A; Pelletier, J; Piccio, L; Pickersgill, T; Piehl, F; Pobywajlo, S; Quach, HL; Ramsay, PP; Reunanen, M; Reynolds, R; Rioux, J; Rodegher, M; Roesner, S; Rubio, JP; Ruckert, IM; Salvetti, M; Salvi, E; Santaniello, A; Schaefer, CA; Schreiber, S; Schulze, C; Scott, RJ; Sellebjerg, F; Selmaj, KW; Sexton, D; Shen, L; Simms-Acuna, B; Skidmore, S; Sleiman, PMA; SMESTAD, CATHRINE; Sorensen, PS; Sondergaard, HB; Stankovich, J; Strange, RC; Sulonen, AM; Sundqvist, E; Syvanen, AC; Taddeo, F; Taylor, B; Blackwell, JM; Tienari, P; Bramon, E; Tourbah, A; Brown, MA; Tronczynska, E; Casas, JP; Tubridy, N; Corvin, A; Vickery, J; Jankowski, J; Villoslada, P; Markus, HS; Wang, K; Mathew, CG; Wason, J; Palmer, CNA; Wichmann, HE; Plomin, R; Willoughby, E; Rautanen, A; Winkelmann, J; Wittig, M; Trembath, RC; Yaouanq, J; Viswanathan, AC; Zhang, HT; Wood, NW; Zuvich, R; Deloukas, P; Langford, C; Duncanson, A; Oksenberg, JR; Pericak-Vance, MA; Haines, JL; Olsson, T; Hillert, J; Ivinson, AJ; De Jager, PL; Peltonen, L; Stewart, GJ; Hafler, DA; Hauser, SL; McVean, G; Donnelly, Peter & Compston, Alastair (2011). Genetic risk and a primary role for cell-mediated immune mechanisms in multiple sclerosis. Nature.  ISSN 0028-0836.  476(7359), s 214- 219 . doi: 10.1038/nature10251
• Hansen, Bettina; Oturai, Annette Bang; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Nissen, Kari K.; Laska, Magdalena J.; Søndergaard, Helle Bach; Petersen, Thor & Nexø, Bjørn Andersen (2011). Genetic Association of Multiple Sclerosis with the Marker rs391745 near the Endogenous Retroviral Locus HERV-Fc1: Analysis of Disease Subtypes. PLOS ONE.  ISSN 1932-6203.  6(10) . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026438
• Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord; Lie, Benedicte Alexandra; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen & Spurkland, Anne (2011). Nytt genkart for multippel sklerose. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  131(21), s 2126- 2130 . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.10.0823

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• Berg-Hansen, Pål; Moen, Stine Marit; Jahren, Silje Ekroll; Klyve, Thomas; Meyer, Fredrik; Strisland, Frode; Rindal, Ole Marius Hoel; Austeng, Andreas; Seeberg, Trine Margrethe & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen (2020). Use of sensors in MS rehabilitation - a pilot study.
• Jahren, Silje Ekroll; Seeberg, Trine Margrethe; Berg-Hansen, Pål; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen & Moen, Stine Marit (2020). Det hun gjør her kan hjelpe folk med MS. Magasinet Tekna.  ISSN 1502-704X.
• Bos, Steffan Daniel; Brorson, Ina Skaara; Eriksson, Anna; Leikfoss, Ingvild Sørum; Vitelli, Valeria; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Luders, Torben; Berge, Tone; Nilsen, Hilde & Harbo, Hanne Flinstad (2019). Differential gene expression analysis of CD8+ T cells from multiple sclerosis patients and healthy controls.
• Halvorsrud, Ragnhild; Røhne, Mette; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Moen, Stine Marit & Strisland, Frode (2019). Application of Patient Journey Methodology to Explore Needs for Digital Support. A Multiple Sclerosis Case Study.
• Richter, Stephan; Wagner, Bert & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen (2019). Two cases of diabetes mellitus type 1 after alemtuzumab treatment for multiple sclerosis: another probable secondary autoimmune disease. Journal of Neurology.  ISSN 0340-5354.  266(5), s 1270- 1271 . doi: 10.1007/s00415-019-09257-5
• Seeberg, Trine Margrethe; Benjaminsen, Christina; Sandbakk, Øyvind & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen (2019). Disse dingsene kan hjelpe både skiløpere og MS-pasienter. Forskning.no.  ISSN 1891-635X.
• Seeberg, Trine Margrethe; Benjaminsen, Christina; Sandbakk, Øyvind & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen (2019). Langrennsløpernes gulloppskrift hjelper også MS-pasienter. Gemini.  ISSN 0802-085X.
• Brorson, Ina Skaara; Rhead, Brooke; Berge, Tone; Adams, Cameron; Quach, Hong; Sangurdekar, Dipen; Bronson, Paola G.; Moen, Stine Marit; Berg-Hansen, Pål; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Lea, Rodney A.; Burnard, Sean; Maltby, Vicky E.; Scott, Rodney J.; Lechner-Scott, Jeannette; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Bos, Steffan Daniel & Barcellos, Lisa F. (2018). SLFN12 is differentially methylated in multiple sclerosis CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
• Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen (2018). Undervisning har lav status innen akademia. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  138(12) . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.18.0341
• Leikfoss, Ingvild Sørum; Bos, Steffan Daniel; Berg-Hansen, Pål; Berge, Tone; Beyer, Mona K.; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Kockum, Ingrid & Harbo, Hanne Flinstad (2018). The EU Horizon2020 Project MultipleMS: Improved Personalized Medicine for Multiple Sclerosis.
• Røhne, Mette; Halvorsrud, Ragnhild; Strisland, Frode; Moen, Stine Marit & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen (2018). Digital oppfølging og støtte for personer med multippel sklerose. Erfaringer fra prosjektet MS-DOS. SINTEF Rapport. 2018:00744. Full text in Research Archive. Show summary

  MS-DOS er et forprosjekt som undersøker muligheter for at personer med multippel sklerose (MS) og relevante helseaktører kan ta i bruk digitale hjelpemidler for bedre oppfølging, behandling og mestring av sykdommen. Målet for MS-DOS er å samle informasjon om hvilke utfordringer personer med MS opplever på grunn av sin sykdom, og vurdere i hvilken grad digitale verktøy kan gjøre livet bedre for denne gruppen. Denne rapporten gir et overblikk over helsetilbudet til personer med MS. Deretter presenteres resultater fra en dybdestudie hvor vi følger tre personer med MS over en periode på seks uker. Metoden vi har brukt er observasjon og intervjuer, samt kartlegging av planlagte og reelle pasientforløp ved hjelp av Customer Journey Modelling Language. Rapporten presenterer til slutt muligheter for bruk av digitale støtteverktøy, og forslag til videre studier Oppdragsgiver: Helsedirektoratet ved Innomed

• Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen (2017). Preface. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, Supplementum.  ISSN 0065-1427.  136, s 3- 3 . doi: 10.1111/ane.12842
• Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Andersen, Oluf F. & Fredriksen, Jette Lautrup (2017). Preface. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica.  ISSN 0001-6314.  136, s 3- 3 . doi: 10.1111/ane.12842
• Nina, Grytten; Benjaminsen, Espen; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Kampman, Margitta Theodora; Midgard, Rune; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Riise, Trond; Torkildsen, Øivind & Aarseth, Jan Harald (2017). Cancer risk in multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis.  ISSN 1352-4585.  23, s 486- 487
• Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Rocca, M & Andersen, O (2016). Preface. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica.  ISSN 0001-6314.  134, s 3 . doi: 10.1111/ane.12653
• Moen, Stine Marit; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Sowa, Piotr; Nygaard, Gro Owren & Beyer, Mona K. (2016). S.M. Moen og medarbeidere svarer. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  136(19), s 1608- 1608 . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.16.0826
• Moen, Stine Marit; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Sowa, Piotr; Nygaard, Gro Owren & Beyer, Mona K. (2016). S.M. Moen og medarbeidere svarer. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  136(20), s 1702- 1702 . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.16.0865
• Moen, Stine Marit; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Sowa, Piotr; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Nygaard, Gro Owren & Beyer, Mona K. (2016). MR-undersøkelser ved multippel sklerose. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  136(16), s 1373- 1376 . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.15.1361
• Berg-Hansen, Pål; Moen, Stine Marit; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen (2015). Comments on the review article 'Time trends in the incidence and prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Norway during eight decades'. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica.  ISSN 0001-6314.  132(5), s 364- 367 . doi: 10.1111/ane.12489
• Gustavsen, Marte Wendel; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Moen, Stine Marit; Bjølgerud, Anja; Berg-Hansen, Pål; Nygaard, Gro Owren; Sandvik, Leiv; Lie, Benedicte Alexandra & Harbo, Hanne Flinstad (2015). No association between multiple sclerosis and periodontitis after adjusting for smoking habits. European Journal of Neurology.  ISSN 1351-5101.  22(3), s 588- 590 . doi: 10.1111/ene.12520
• Torkildsen, Øivind; Aarseth, Jan Harald; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Holmøy, Trygve; Kampman, Margitta Theodora; Løken-Amsrud, Kristin Ingeleiv; Midgard, Rune; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Riise, Trond & Grytten, Nina Agnethe (2014). Reply to comment: Month of birth and risk of multiple sclerosis: confounding and adjustments. Annals of clinical and translational neurology.  ISSN 2328-9503.  5(1), s 376- 377 . doi: 10.1002/acn3.56
• Benavent, S.A. de Rodez; Nygaard, Gro Owren; Tønnesen, Siren; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Landro, N. I. & Laeng, Bruno (2013). Pupillometry indicates increased cognitive effort in response to easy cognitive tasks in newly diagnosed MS patients. Multiple Sclerosis.  ISSN 1352-4585.  19(7), s 988- 989
• Nygaard, Gro Owren; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen & Landro, N. I. (2013). Does the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for MS (BICAMS) catch the cognitive problems of a sample of well-educated recently diagnosed MS patients in Oslo?. Multiple Sclerosis.  ISSN 1352-4585.  19(7), s 970- 971
• Svenningsson, A; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Schreiber, Karen; Fuchs, Siegrid; Falk, Eva; Berko, Sara; Moller, Christian Max & Penner, Iris-Katharina (2012). Natalizumab Reduces Fatigue as Measured by the Fatigue Scale for Motor and Cognitive Functions (FSMC) - First Results from the TYNERGY Trial. Neurology.  ISSN 0028-3878.  78

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