Elina Johanna Reponen

• Reponen, Elina Johanna; Ueland, Thor; Rokicki, Jaroslav; Bettella, Francesco; Aas, Monica & Werner, Maren Caroline Frogner [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Polygenic risk for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder in relation to cardiovascular biomarkers. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience. ISSN 0940-1334. doi: 10.1007/s00406-023-01591-0. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Individuals with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are at an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and a range of biomarkers related to CVD risk have been found to be abnormal in these patients. Common genetic factors are a putative underlying mechanism, alongside lifestyle factors and antipsychotic medication. However, the extent to which the altered CVD biomarkers are related to genetic factors involved in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder is unknown. In a sample including 699 patients with schizophrenia, 391 with bipolar disorder, and 822 healthy controls, we evaluated 8 CVD risk biomarkers, including BMI, and fasting plasma levels of CVD biomarkers from a subsample. Polygenic risk scores (PGRS) were obtained from genome-wide associations studies (GWAS) of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. The CVD biomarkers were used as outcome variables in linear regression models including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder PGRS as predictors, age, sex, diagnostic category, batch and 10 principal components as covariates, controlling for multiple testing by Bonferroni correction for the number of independent tests. Bipolar disorder PGRS was significantly (p = 0.03) negatively associated with BMI after multiple testing correction, and schizophrenia PGRS was nominally negatively associated with BMI. There were no other significant associations between bipolar or schizophrenia PGRS, and other investigated CVD biomarkers. Despite a range of abnormal CVD risk biomarkers in psychotic disorders, we only found a significant negative association between bipolar disorder PGRS and BMI. This has previously been shown for schizophrenia PGRS and BMI, and warrants further exploration.

• Gjerde, Priyanthi Borgen; Steen, Synne Wollen; Vedal, Trude Seselie Jahr; Steen, Nils Eiel; Reponen, Elina Johanna & Andreassen, Ole [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Lifetime cannabis use Is not associated with negative beliefs about medication in patients with first treatment psychosis. Frontiers in Psychiatry. ISSN 1664-0640. 13. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.824051. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Reponen, Elina Johanna; Tesli, Martin Steen; Dieset, Ingrid; Steen, Nils Eiel; Vedal, Trude Seselie Jahr & Szabo, Attila [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Adiponectin Is Related to Cardiovascular Risk in Severe Mental Illness Independent of Antipsychotic Treatment. Frontiers in Psychiatry. ISSN 1664-0640. 12. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.623192. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Aas, Monica; Ueland, Torill; Mørch, Ragni Helene; Laskemoen, Jannicke Fjæra; Lunding, Synve Hoffart & Reponen, Elina Johanna [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Physical activity and childhood trauma experiences in patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorders. World Journal of Biological Psychiatry. ISSN 1562-2975. 22(8), s. 637–645. doi: 10.1080/15622975.2021.1907707. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Reponen, Elina Johanna; Dieset, Ingrid; Tesli, Martin Steen; Mørch, Ragni Helene; Aas, Monica & Vedal, Trude Seselie Jahr [Vis alle 18 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Atherogenic lipid ratios related to myeloperoxidase and C-reactive protein levels in psychotic disorders. Frontiers in Psychiatry. ISSN 1664-0640. 11. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00672. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of premature death in patients with psychotic disorders, where dyslipidemia occurs frequently. In the pathogenesis of these serious mental disorders, a low-grade inflammation seems to be a possible contributor. Concurrently, systemic inflammation and its interplay with dyslipidemia is a central driver in the pathogenesis of CVD. We hypothesize that evaluation of atherogenic lipid ratios together with inflammatory markers reflecting different inflammatory pathways with relevance for atherogenesis, could give novel information on immune-related mechanisms involved in early CVD risk in patients with psychotic disorders. Methods: As a measure for CVD risk we calculated atherogenic lipid ratios using established sex-specific cut-offs: Total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein; HDL-c (TC/HDL) and triglyceride/HDL-c (TG/HDL) were evaluated in 571 schizophrenia (SCZ) and 247 bipolar disorder (BD) patients, and in 99 healthy controls (HC). In addition, as a measure of low-grade inflammation, we measured fasting plasma levels of nine stable atherogenic inflammatory markers in patients (SCZ, BD) and in HC. The elevated inflammatory markers and CVD risk in patients, as reflected by TC/HDL and TG/HDL, were further assessed in multivariable analyses adjusting for comorbid cardio-metabolic risk factors. Results: A markedly higher proportion (26%-31%) of patients had increased TC/HDL and TG/HDL ratios compared with HC. Plasma levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were higher (p<0.05, p<0.001) in patients with psychotic disorders than in HC, and hs-CRP and MPO were independently associated with atherogenic lipid ratios in the multivariable analyses. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that low-grade inflammation and abnormal neutrophil activation may cause increased CVD risk in patients with psychotic disorders. These mechanisms should be further examined to determine the potential for development of novel risk evaluation strategies. Keywords: CVD risk; bipolar disorder; dyslipidemia; inflammatory biomarkers; schizophrenia.

• Hjelseng, Ingrid Varvin; Vaskinn, Anja; Ueland, Torill; Lunding, Synve Hoffart; Reponen, Elina Johanna & Steen, Nils Eiel [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Childhood Trauma Is Associated With Poorer Social Functioning in Severe Mental Disorders Both During an Active Illness Phase and in Remission . Schizophrenia Research. ISSN 0920-9964. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2020.03.015.
• Wedervang-Resell, Kirsten; Friis, Svein; Lonning, Vera Louise Hiorth; Smelror, Runar; Johannessen, Cecilie Haggag & Reponen, Elina Johanna [Vis alle 13 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Increased interleukin 18 activity in adolescents with early-onset psychosis is associated with cortisol and depressive symptoms. Psychoneuroendocrinology. ISSN 0306-4530. 112:104513, s. 1–7. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.104513. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Ringen, Petter Andreas; Reponen, Elina Johanna; Vedal, Trude Seselie Jahr; Andreassen, Ole Andreas; Steen, Nils Eiel & Melle, Ingrid (2019). Predictors for antipsychotic dosage change in the first year of treatment in schizophrenia spectrum and bipolar disorders. Frontiers in Psychiatry. ISSN 1664-0640. 10:649, s. 1–8. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00649. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Gohar, Sherif Mostafa Mohamed Ahmed; Dieset, Ingrid; Steen, Nils Eiel; Mørch, Ragni Helene; Vedal, Trude Seselie Jahr & Reponen, Elina Johanna [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Association between leptin levels and severity of suicidal behaviour in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. ISSN 0001-690X. 139(5), s. 464–471. doi: 10.1111/acps.13019. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Aas, Monica; Pizzagalli, Diego A.; Anderssen, Jannicke Fjæra; Reponen, Elina Johanna; Ueland, Torill & Melle, Ingrid [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Elevated hair cortisol is associated with childhood maltreatment and cognitive impairment in schizophrenia and in bipolar disorders. Schizophrenia Research. ISSN 0920-9964. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2019.01.011. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Mørch, Ragni Helene; Dieset, Ingrid; Færden, Ann; Reponen, Elina Johanna; Hope, Sigrun & Hoseth, Eva Zsuzsanna [Vis alle 17 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Inflammatory markers are altered in severe mental disorders independent of comorbid cardiometabolic disease risk factors. Psychological Medicine. ISSN 0033-2917. 49(10), s. 1749–1757. doi: 10.1017/S0033291718004142. Vis sammendrag

  Background. Inflammation and immune activation have been implicated in the pathogenesis of severe mental disorders and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Despite high level of comorbidity, many studies of the immune system in severe mental disorders have not systematically taken cardiometabolic risk factors into account. Methods. We investigated if inflammatory markers were increased in schizophrenia (SCZ) and affective (AFF) disorders independently of comorbid CVD risk factors. Cardiometabolic risk factors (blood lipids, body mass index and glucose) and CVD-related inflammatory markers CXCL16, soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R), soluble CD14 (sCD14), macrophage inhibitory factor and activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) were measured in n = 992 patients (SCZ, AFF), and n = 647 healthy controls. We analyzed the inflammatory markers before and after controlling for comorbid cardiometabolic risk factors, and tested for Association with psychotropic medication and symptom levels. Results. CXCL16 ( p = 0.03) and sIL-2R (p = 7.8 × 10−5) were higher, while sCD14 ( p = 0.05) were lower in patients compared to controls after controlling for confounders, with significant differences in SCZ for CXCL16 ( p = 0.04) and sIL-2R ( p = 1.1 × 10−5). After adjustment for cardiometabolic risk factors higher levels of sIL-2R ( p = 0.001) and lower sCD14 ( p = 0.002) remained, also in SCZ (sIL-2R, p = 3.0 × 10−4 and sCD14, p = 0.01). The adjustment revealed lower ALCAM levels ( p = 0.03) in patients. We found no significant associations with psychotropic medication or symptom levels. Conclusion. The results indicate that inflammation, in particular enhanced T cell activation and impaired monocyte activation, are associated with severe mental disorders independent of comorbid cardiometabolic risk factors. This suggests a role

• Rødevand, Linn ; Steen, Nils Eiel; Elvsåshagen, Torbjørn; Quintana, Daniel; Reponen, Elina Johanna & Mørch, Ragni Helene [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Cardiovascular risk remains high in schizophrenia with modest improvements in bipolar disorder during past decade. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. ISSN 0001-690X. 139(4), s. 348–360. doi: 10.1111/acps.13008. Vis sammendrag

  Objective: While CVD risk has decreased in the general population during the last decade, the situation in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) is unknown. Methods: We compared CVD risk factors in patients with SCZ and BD recruited from 2002‐2005 (2005 sample, N = 270) with patients recruited from 2006‐2017 (2017 sample, N = 1011) from the same catchment area in Norway. The 2017 sample was also compared with healthy controls (N = 922) and the general population (N range = 1285‐4587, Statistics Norway) from the same area and period. Results: Patients with SCZ and BD in the 2017 sample had significantly higher level of most CVD risk factors compared to healthy controls and the general population. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of CVD risk factors in SCZ between the 2005 and 2017 samples except a small increase in glucose in the 2017 sample. There were small‐to‐moderate reductions in hypertension, obesity, total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein, systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the BD 2017 sample compared to the 2005 sample. Conclusion: Despite major advances in health promotion during the past decade, there has been no reduction in the level of CVD risk factors in patients with SCZ and modest improvement in BD.

• Vedal, Trude Seselie Jahr; Steen, Nils Eiel; Birkeland, Kåre I.; Dieset, Ingrid; Reponen, Elina Johanna & Anderssen, Jannicke Fjæra [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Adipokine levels are associated with insulin resistance in antipsychotics users independently of BMI. Psychoneuroendocrinology. ISSN 0306-4530. 103, s. 87–95. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.01.001. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Aas, Monica; Djurovic, Srdjan; Ueland, Torill; Mørch, Ragni Helene; Anderssen, Jannicke Fjæra & Reponen, Elina Johanna [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2018). The relationship between physical activity, clinical and cognitive characteristics and BDNF mRNA levels in patients with severe mental disorders. World Journal of Biological Psychiatry. ISSN 1562-2975. doi: 10.1080/15622975.2018.1557345.
• Dieset, Ingrid; Mørch, Ragni Helene; Hope, Sigrun; Hoseth, Eva Zsuzsanna; Reponen, Elina Johanna & Gran, Jon Michael [Vis alle 16 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2018). An association between YKL-40 and type 2 diabetes in psychotic disorders. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. ISSN 0001-690X. 139, s. 37–45. doi: 10.1111/acps.12971. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Vedal, Trude Seselie Jahr; Steen, Nils Eiel; Birkeland, Kåre I.; Dieset, Ingrid; Reponen, Elina Johanna & Anderssen, Jannicke Fjæra [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2018). Free thyroxine and thyroid-stimulating hormone in severe mental disorders: A naturalistic study with focus on antipsychotic medication. Journal of Psychiatric Research. ISSN 0022-3956. 106, s. 74–81. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.09.014.
• Aas, Monica; Dieset, Ingrid; Mørch, Ragni Helene; Steen, Nils Eiel; Hope, Sigrun & Reponen, Elina Johanna [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2018). Reduced brain-derived neurotrophic factor is associated with childhood trauma experiences and number of depressive episodes in severe mental disorders. Schizophrenia Research. ISSN 0920-9964. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2018.08.007. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Aas, Monica; Dieset, Ingrid; Hope, Sigrun; Hoseth, Eva Zsuzsanna; Mørch, Ragni Helene & Reponen, Elina Johanna [Vis alle 13 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2017). Childhood maltreatment severity is associated with elevated C-reactive protein and body mass index in adults with schizophrenia and bipolar diagnoses. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity. ISSN 0889-1591. 65, s. 342–349. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.06.005. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Moi, Harald; Hartgill, Usha; Skullerud, Kristin Helene; Reponen, Elina Johanna; Syvertsen, Line & Moghaddam, Amir (2017). Microscopy of stained urethral smear in male urethritis; which cutoff should be used? Sexually Transmitted Diseases. ISSN 0148-5717. 44(3), s. 189–194. doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000565.
• Moi, Harald; Reinton, Nils; Randjelovic, Ivana; Reponen, Elina Johanna; Syvertsen, Line & Moghaddam, Amir (2017). Urethral inflammatory response to ureaplasma is significantly lower than to Mycoplasma genitalium and Chlamydia trachomatis. . International Journal of STD and AIDS. ISSN 0956-4624. 28(8), s. 773–780. doi: 10.1177/0956462416666482. Vis sammendrag

  A non-syndromic approach to treatment of people with non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU) requires identification of pathogens and understanding of the role of those pathogens in causing disease. The most commonly detected and isolated micro-organisms in the male urethral tract are bacteria belonging to the family of Mycoplasmataceae, in particular Ureaplasma urealyticum and Ureaplasma parvum To better understand the role of these Ureaplasma species in NGU, we have performed a prospective analysis of male patients voluntarily attending a drop in STI clinic in Oslo. Of 362 male patients who were tested for NGU using microscopy of urethral smears, we found the following sexually transmissible micro-organisms: 16% Chlamydia trachomatis, 5% Mycoplasma genitalium, 14% U. urealyticum, 14% U. parvum and 5% Mycoplasma hominis We found a high concordance in detecting in turn U. urealyticum and U. parvum using 16s rRNA gene and ureD gene as targets for nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT). Whilst there was a strong association between microscopic signs of NGU and C. trachomatis infection, association of M. genitalium and U. urealyticum infections in turn were found only in patients with severe NGU (>30 polymorphonuclear leucocytes, PMNL/high powered fields, HPF). U. parvum was found to colonise a high percentage of patients with no or mild signs of NGU (0-9 PMNL/HPF). We conclude that urethral inflammatory response to ureaplasmas is less severe than to C. trachomatis and M. genitalium in most patients and that testing and treatment of ureaplasma-positive patients should only be considered when other STIs have been ruled out.

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• Vedal, Trude Seselie Jahr; Steen, Nils Eiel; Birkeland, Kåre I.; Dieset, Ingrid; Reponen, Elina Johanna & Laskemoen, Jannicke F. [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2018). Response: Are thyroid abnormalities only related to antipsychotic treatment in patients with severe mental disorders? Journal of Psychiatric Research. ISSN 0022-3956. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.11.012.

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