Henrik Holmstrøm

• Granlund, Peder Annæus; Ødegaard, Jostein Strand; Skjerven, Håvard Ove; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Hanséus, Katarina; Rögnvaldsson, Ingolfur; Sunnegårdh, Jan; Turanlahti, Maila & Holmstrøm, Henrik (2019). Survey of 23 Nordic university hospitals showed that 77% lacked written procedures for measuring and interpreting blood pressure in infants. Acta Paediatrica.  ISSN 0803-5253.  108(2), s 266- 270 . doi: 10.1111/apa.14492 Full text in Research Archive.
• Grønning Dale, Maria Teresa; Magnus, Per; Leirgul, Elisabeth; Holmstrøm, Henrik; Gjessing, Håkon K.; Brodwall, Kristoffer; Haugen, Margaretha; Stoltenberg, Camilla & Øyen, Nina (2019). Intake of sucrose‑sweetened soft beverages during pregnancy and risk of congenital heart defects (CHD) in offspring: A Norwegian pregnancy cohort study. European Journal of Epidemiology (EJE).  ISSN 0393-2990.  34(4), s 383- 396 . doi: 10.1007/s10654-019-00480-y
• Indrebø, Marianne Muller; Berg, Ansgar; Holmstrøm, Henrik; Seem, Egil; Guthe, Hans Jørgen; Wiig, Helge & Norgård, Gunnar (2019). Fluid accumulation in the staged Fontan procedure: the impact of colloid osmotic pressures. Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery.  ISSN 1569-9293.  28(4), s 510- 517 . doi: 10.1093/icvts/ivy298
• Jortveit, Jarle; Wik, Gunnar; Ødegaard, Jostein Strand; Sitras, Vasilis; Perminow, Karl Viktor & Holmstrøm, Henrik (2019). Diagnostikk av alvorlige medfødte hjertefeil i Norge 2016. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  139(2) . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.18.0606
• Brodwall, Kristoffer; Greve, Gottfried; Leirgul, Elisabeth; Klungsøyr, Kari; Holmstrøm, Henrik; Vollset, Stein Emil & Øyen, Nina (2018). The five-year survival of children with Down syndrome in Norway 1994-2009 differed by associated congenital heart defects and extracardiac malformations. Acta Paediatrica.  ISSN 0803-5253.  107(5), s 845- 853 . doi: 10.1111/apa.14223
• Jortveit, Jarle; Klcovansky, Jakob; Døhlen, Gaute; Eskedal, Leif Torvald; Birkeland, Sigurd & Holmstrøm, Henrik (2018). Out-of-hospital sudden cardiac arrest in children with congenital heart defects. Archives of Disease in Childhood.  ISSN 0003-9888.  103(1), s 57- 60 . doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2017-312621
• Jortveit, Jarle; Klcovansky, Jakob; Eskedal, Leif Torvald; Birkeland, Sigurd; Døhlen, Gaute & Holmstrøm, Henrik (2018). Endocarditis in children and adolescents with congenital heart defects - a Norwegian nationwide register-based cohort study. Archives of Disease in Childhood.  ISSN 0003-9888.  103(7), s 670- 674 . doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2017-313917 Full text in Research Archive.
• Möller, Thomas; Lindberg, Harald L; Samersaw-Lund, May Brit; Holmstrøm, Henrik; Døhlen, Gaute & Thaulow, Erik (2018). Right ventricular pressure response to exercise in adults with isolated ventricular septal defect closed in early childhood. Cardiology in the Young.  ISSN 1047-9511.  28(6), s 797- 803 . doi: 10.1017/S1047951117002979
• Brekke, Idunn; Albertini Früh, Elena; Kvarme, Lisbeth Gravdal & Holmstrøm, Henrik (2017). Long-time sickness absence among parents of pre-school children with cerebral palsy, spina bifida and down syndrome: a longitudinal study. BMC Pediatrics.  ISSN 1471-2431.  17(26) . doi: 10.1186/s12887-016-0774-8
• Hjortshøj, Cristel Marie Sørensen; Jensen, Anette Schophuus; Sørensen, Keld; Nagy, Edit; Johansson, Bengt; Kronvall, Thomas; Dellborg, Mikael; Estensen, Mette-Lise; Holmstrøm, Henrik; Turanlahti, Maila; Thilén, Ulf & Søndergaard, Lars (2017). Epidemiological changes in Eisenmenger syndrome in the Nordic region 1977-2012.. Heart.  ISSN 1355-6037.  103(17), s 1353- 1358 . doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2016-310979
• Hjortshøj, Cristel Marie Sørensen; Kempny, Aleksander; Jensen, Anette Schophuus; Sørensen, Keld; Nagy, Edit; Dellborg, Mikael; Johansson, Bengt; Rudiene, Virginija; Hong, Gu; Opotowsky, Alexander R.; Budts, Werner; Mulder, Barbara; Tomkiewicz-Pajak, Lidia; D'Alto, Michele; Prokšelj, Katja; Diller, Gerhard-Paul; Dimopoulos, Konstantinos; Estensen, Mette-Lise; Holmstrøm, Henrik; Turanlahti, Maila; Thilén, Ulf; Gatzoulis, Michael A. & Søndergaard, Lars (2017). Past and current cause-specific mortality in Eisenmenger syndrome. European Heart Journal.  ISSN 0195-668X.  38(26), s 2060- 2067 . doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx201
• Indrebø, Marianne Muller; Berg, Ansgar; Holmstrøm, Henrik; Seem, Egil; Guthe, Hans Jørgen; Wiig, Helge & Norgård, Gunnar (2017). Fluid accumulation after closure of atrial septal defects: the role of colloid osmotic pressure. Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery.  ISSN 1569-9293.  26(2), s 307- 312 . doi: 10.1093/icvts/ivx334
• Ravndal, Maren Emilie Aaland; Christensen, Anders Haugom; Døhlen, Gaute & Holmstrøm, Henrik (2017). Paediatric cardiac catheterisation in Norway: Rates and types of complications in new terms. Cardiology in the Young.  ISSN 1047-9511.  27(7), s 1329- 1335 . doi: 10.1017/S1047951117000208 Full text in Research Archive.
• Øyen, Anne-Siri; Ulleberg, Bente; Sangar, Paul; Wallace, Sean Ciaran & Holmstrøm, Henrik (2017). En gutt med hjertefeil og atferdsvansker. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001. . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.17.0198
• Fruh, Andreas; Siem, Geir; Holmstrøm, Henrik; Døhlen, Gaute & Haugaa, Kristina (2016). The Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome; atrial pacing combined with ß-blocker therapy, a favorable approach in young high-risk patients with long QT syndrome?. Heart Rhythm.  ISSN 1547-5271.  13(11), s 2186- 2192 . doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2016.07.020
• Jortveit, Jarle; Eskedal, Leif Torvald; Hirth, Asle; Fomina, Tatiana; Døhlen, Gaute; Hagemo, Petter; Tell, Grethe Seppola; Birkeland, Sigurd; Øyen, Nina & Holmstrøm, Henrik (2016). Sudden unexpected death in children with congenital heart defects. European Heart Journal.  ISSN 0195-668X.  37(7), s 621- 626 . doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv478
• Jortveit, Jarle; Leirgul, Elisabeth; Eskedal, Leif Torvald; Greve, Gottfried; Fomina, Tatiana; Døhlen, Gaute; Tell, Grethe Seppola; Birkeland, Sigurd; Øyen, Nina & Holmstrøm, Henrik (2016). Mortality and complications in 3495 children with isolated ventricular septal defects. Archives of Disease in Childhood.  ISSN 0003-9888.  101(9), s 808- 813 . doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2015-310154
• Jortveit, Jarle; Øyen, Nina; Leirgul, Elisabeth; Fomina, Tatiana; Tell, Grethe Seppola; Vollset, Stein Emil; Eskedal, Leif Torvald; Døhlen, Gaute; Birkeland, Sigurd & Holmstrøm, Henrik (2016). Trends in Mortality of Congenital Heart Defects. Congenital Heart Disease.  ISSN 1747-079X.  11(2), s 160- 168 . doi: 10.1111/chd.12307
• Leirgul, Elisabeth; Brodwall, Kristoffer; Greve, Gottfried; Vollset, Stein Emil; Holmstrøm, Henrik; Tell, Grethe S. & Øyen, Nina (2016). Maternal Diabetes, Birth Weight, and Neonatal Risk of Congenital Heart Defects in Norway, 1994-2009. Obstetrics and Gynecology.  ISSN 0029-7844.  128(5), s 1116- 1125 . doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000001694
• Wallace, Sean Ciaran; Døhlen, Gaute; Holmstrøm, Henrik; Lund, Christian & Russell, David (2016). Cerebral Microemboli Detection and Differentiation During Transcatheter Closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus. Pediatric Cardiology.  ISSN 0172-0643.  37(6), s 1141- 1147 . doi: 10.1007/s00246-016-1410-y
• Brodwall, Kristoffer; Leirgul, Elisabeth; Greve, Gottfried; Vollset, Stein Emil; Holmstrøm, Henrik; Tell, Grethe Seppola & Øyen, Nina (2015). Possible Common Aetiology behind Maternal Preeclampsia and Congenital Heart Defects in the Child: a Cardiovascular Diseases in Norway Project Study.. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology.  ISSN 0269-5022.  30(1), s 76- 85 . doi: 10.1111/ppe.12252 Show summary

  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26479038

• Leirgul, Elisabeth; Gildestad, Trude; Nilsen, Roy Miodini; Fomina, Tatiana; Brodwall, Kristoffer; Greve, Gottfried; Vollset, Stein Emil; Holmstrøm, Henrik; Tell, Grethe Seppola & Øyen, Nina (2015). Periconceptional folic acid supplementation and infant risk of congenital heart defects in Norway 1999-2009. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology.  ISSN 0269-5022.  29(5), s 391- 400 . doi: 10.1111/ppe.12212 Full text in Research Archive.
• Monclair, Tom; Ruud, Ellen; Holmstrøm, Henrik; Aagenæs, Ingegerd; Asplin, Marius & Beiske, Klaus (2015). Extra-adrenal composite phaeochromocytoma/neuroblastoma in a 15-month-old child. Journal of Pediatric Surgery Case Reports.  ISSN 2213-5766.  3(8), s 348- 350 . doi: 10.1016/j.epsc.2015.06.014
• Landolt, M A; Ystrøm, Eivind; Stene-Larsen, Kim; Holmstrøm, Henrik & Vollrath, Margarete E. (2014). Exploring causal pathways of child behavior and maternal mental health in families with a child with congenital heart disease: a longitudinal study. Psychological Medicine.  ISSN 0033-2917.  44(16), s 3421- 3433 . doi: 10.1017/S0033291713002894
• Leirgul, Elisabeth; Fomina, Tatiana; Brodwall, Kristoffer; Greve, Gottfried; Holmstrøm, Henrik; Vollset, Stein Emil; Tell, Grethe Seppola & Øyen, Nina (2014). Birth prevalence of congenital heart defects in Norway 1994-2009 - A nationwide study. American Heart Journal.  ISSN 0002-8703.  168(6), s 956- 964 . doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2014.07.030
• Wallace, Sean Ciaran; Døhlen, Gaute; Holmstrøm, Henrik; Lund, Christian & Russell, David (2014). Cerebral microemboli detection and differentiation during transcatheter closure of atrial septal defect in a paediatric population. Cardiology in the Young.  ISSN 1047-9511.  25(2), s 237- 244 . doi: 10.1017/S1047951113002072
• Dale, Maria Teresa Grønning; Solberg, Øivind; Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B; Landolt, Markus A; Eskedal, Leif Torvald & Vollrath, Margarete E. (2013). Relationship Satisfaction Among Mothers of Children With Congenital Heart Defects: A Prospective Case-Cohort Study. Journal of Pediatric Psychology.  ISSN 0146-8693.  38(8), s 915- 926 . doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jst038
• Dale, Maria Teresa Grønning; Solberg, Øivind; Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B; Landolt, Markus A; Eskedal, Leif Torvald & Vollrath, Margarete E. (2013). Well-being in mothers of children with congenital heart defects: a 3-year follow-up. Quality of Life Research.  ISSN 0962-9343.  22(8), s 2063- 2072 . doi: 10.1007/s11136-012-0326-0
• Mitra, Souvik; Rønnestad, Arild Erlend & Holmstrøm, Henrik (2013). Management of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants - where do we stand?. Congenital Heart Disease.  ISSN 1747-079X.  8(6), s 500- 512 . doi: 10.1111/chd.12143
• Vatne, Torun Marie; Finset, Arnstein; Ørnes, Knut; Holmstrøm, Henrik; Cvancarova, Milada S. & Ruland, Cornelia (2013). Effects of an interactive symptom communication tool for children with heart disease on patientprovider communication in outpatient care: Preliminary results. Journal of Communication in Healthcare.  ISSN 1753-8068.  6(2), s 106- 114 . doi: 10.1179/1753807612Y.0000000020
• Brun, Henrik; Moller, Thomas; Freriksen, Per Morten; Thaulow, Erik; Pripp, Are Hugo & Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B (2012). Mechanisms of Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients With Cardiac Septal Defects. Pediatric Cardiology.  ISSN 0172-0643.  33(5), s 782- 790 . doi: 10.1007/s00246-012-0216-9
• Dale, Maria Teresa Grønning; Solberg, Øivind; Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B; Landolt, Markus A; Eskedal, Leif Torvald & Vollrath, Margarete E. (2012). Mothers of infants with congenital heart defects: well-being from pregnancy through the child's first six months. Quality of Life Research.  ISSN 0962-9343.  21(1), s 115- 122 . doi: 10.1007/s11136-011-9920-9
• Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B; Bjørnstad, Per G; Smevik, Bjarne & Lindberg, Harald L (2012). Balloon dilatation of pulmonary artery banding: Norwegian experience over more than 20 years. European Heart Journal.  ISSN 0195-668X.  33(1), s 61- 66 . doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehp406
• Solberg, Øivind; Dale, Maria Teresa Grønning; Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B; Eskedal, Leif Torvald; Landolt, Markus A. & Vollrath, Margarete E. (2012). Trajectories of Maternal Mental Health: A Prospective Study of Mothers of Infants With Congenital Heart Defects From Pregnancy to 36 Months Postpartum. Journal of Pediatric Psychology.  ISSN 0146-8693.  37(6), s 687- 696 . doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jss044
• Brandlistuen, Ragnhild Eek; Stene-Larsen, Kim; Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B; Landolt, MA; Eskedal, Leif Torvald & Vollrath, Margarete E. (2011). Symptoms of communication and social impairment in toddlers with congenital heart defects. Child: Care, Health and Development.  ISSN 0305-1862.  37(1), s 37- 43 . doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2214.2010.01148.x
• Brandlistuen, Ragnhild Eek; Stene-Larsen, Kim; Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B; Landolt, Markus A.; Eskedal, Leif Torvald & Vollrath, Margarete E. (2011). Occurrence and predictors of developmental impairments in 3-year-old children with congenital heart defects. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics.  ISSN 0196-206X.  32(7), s 526- 532 . doi: 10.1097/DBP.0b013e318222eb5a
• Brun, Henrik; Ueland, Thor; Thaulow, Erik; Damås, Jan Kristian; Yndestad, Arne; Aukrust, Pål & Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B (2011). No Inflammatory Response Related to Pulmonary Hemodynamics in Children with Systemic to Pulmonary Shunts. Congenital Heart Disease.  ISSN 1747-079X.  6(4), s 338- 346 . doi: 10.1111/j.1747-0803.2011.00505.x
• Solberg, Øivind; Dale, Maria Teresa Grønning; Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B; Eskedal, Leif Torvald; Landolt, Markus A & Vollrath, Margarete E. (2011). Emotional reactivity in infants with congenital heart defects and maternal symptoms of postnatal depression. Archives of Women's Mental Health.  ISSN 1434-1816.  14(6), s 487- 492 . doi: 10.1007/s00737-011-0243-1
• Solberg, Øivind; Dale, Maria Teresa Grønning; Holmstrøm, Henrik; Eskedal, Leif Torvald; Landolt, Markus A & Vollrath, Margarete E. (2011). Long-term symptoms of depression and anxiety in mothers of infants with congenital heart defects. Journal of Pediatric Psychology.  ISSN 0146-8693.  36(2), s 179- 187 . doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsq054
• Stene-Larsen, Kim; Brandlistuen, Ragnhild Eek; Holmstrøm, Henrik; Landolt, Markus A; Eskedal, Leif Torvald; Engdahl, Bo Lars & Vollrath, Margarete E. (2011). Longitudinal findings from a Norwegian case-cohort study on internalizing problems in children with congenital heart defects. Acta Paediatrica.  ISSN 0803-5253.  100(2), s 236- 241 . doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2010.02015.x
• Stene-Larsen, Kim; Brandlistuen, Ragnhild Eek; Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B; Landolt, Markus A; Eskedal, Leif Torvald; Engdahl, Bo Lars & Vollrath, Margarete E. (2011). Longitudinal analysis of emotional problems in children with congenital heart defects: a follow-up from age 6 to 36 months. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics.  ISSN 0196-206X.  32(6), s 461- 464 . doi: 10.1097/DBP.0b013e3182202d2b
• Møller, Thomas; Brun, Henrik; Fredriksen, Per Morten; Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B; Peersen, Kari; Pettersen, Eirik; Grünig, Ekkehard; Mereles, Derliz & Thaulow, Erik (2010). Right Ventricular Systolic Pressure Response During Exercise in Adolescents Born With Atrial or Ventricular Septal Defect. American Journal of Cardiology.  ISSN 0002-9149.  105(11), s 1610- 1616 . doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2010.01.024
• Brandlistuen, Ragnhild Eek; Stene-Larsen, Kim; Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B; Landolt, Markus A; Eskedal, Leif Torvald & Vollrath, Margarete E. (2010). Motor and social development in 6-month-old children with congenital heart defects. Journal of Pediatrics.  ISSN 0022-3476.  156(2), s 265- 269 . doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.08.035
• Holten-Andersen, Mads; Sulheim, Dag; Indrebø, Marianne Muller & Holmstrøm, Henrik (2010). An 11-month-year-old girl with repeated respiratory infections. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  130(8), s 846- 8
• Møller, Thomas Friedrich; Brun, Henrik; Fredriksen, Per-Morten; Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B; Pettersen, Eirik & Thaulow, Erik (2010). Moderate Altitude Increases Right Ventricular Pressure and Oxygen Desaturation in Adolescents with Surgically Closed Septal Defect. Congenital Heart Disease.  ISSN 1747-079X.  5(6), s 556- 564 . doi: 10.1111/j.1747-0803.2010.00425.x
• Møller, Thomas Friedrich; Leren, Trond P.; Eiklid, Kristin Louise; Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B; Fredriksen, Per-Morten & Thaulow, Erik (2010). A novel BMPR2 gene mutation associated with exercise-induced pulmonary hypertension in septal defects. Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal.  ISSN 1401-7431.  44(6), s 331- 336 . doi: 10.3109/14017431.2010.525747
• Stene-Larsen, Kim; Brandlistuen, Ragnhild Eek; Holmstrøm, Henrik; Landolt, MA; Eskedal, Leif Torvald & Vollrath, Margarete E. (2010). Emotional reactivity in infants with congenital heart defects: findings from a large case-cohort study in Norway. Acta Paediatrica.  ISSN 0803-5253.  99(1), s 52- 55 . doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2009.01515.x
• Tandberg, Bente Silnes; Ystrøm, Eivind; Vollrath, Margarete E. & Holmstrøm, Henrik (2010). Feeding infants with CHD with breast milk: Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study. Acta Paediatrica.  ISSN 0803-5253.  99(3), s 373- 378 . doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2009.01605.x
• Møller, Thomas; Peersen, K; Pettersen, Eirik; Thaulow, Erik; Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B & Fredriksen, PM (2009). Non-invasive measurement of the response of right ventricular pressure to exercise, and its relation to aerobic capacity. Cardiology in the Young.  ISSN 1047-9511.  13, s 1- 9
• Brun, Henrik; Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B; Thaulow, Erik; Damås, Jan Kristian; Yndestad, Arne; Aukrust, Pål & Ueland, Thor (2009). Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension Related to Congenital Systemic-to-Pulmonary Shunts are Characterized by Inflammation Involving Endothelial Cell Activation and Platelet-mediated Inflammation. Congenital Heart Disease.  ISSN 1747-079X.  4(1), s 153- 159
• Brun, Henrik; Thaulow, Erik; Fredriksen, Per Morten & Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B (2007). Treatment of patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome with Bosentan. Cardiology in the Young.  ISSN 1047-9511.  17(3), s 288- 294 . doi: 10.1017/S1047951107000522 Show summary

  We treated prospectively 14 patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome, with a mean age of 10 years, ranging from 3 to 18 years. Treatment continued for 12 months, and demonstrated a lasting symptomatic improvement, but no improvement in terms of mean saturation of oxygen over 24 hours. Exercise capacity, as judged by peak uptake of oxygen, worsened in the six patients able to perform a treadmill test. The symptomatic benefit from dual blockage of endothelin receptors in these patients may be due to mechanisms other than selective pulmonary vasodilatation alone.

• Nyrnes, Siri Ann & Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B (2007). Akutte komplikasjoner ved univentrikulære tilstander, I: Claus Klingenberg (red.),  Veileder i akutt Pediatri.  Den Norske Legeforening.  ISBN 978-82-8070-054-4.  8.4.
• Ruud, Ellen; Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B; Bergan, Stein & Wesenberg, Finn (2007). Oral anticoagulation with warfarin is significantly influenced by steroids and CYP2C9 polymorphisms in children with cancer. Pediatric Blood & Cancer.  ISSN 1545-5009.  48(6) . doi: 10.1002/pbc.21133 Show summary

  Clinical management of warfarin therapy is complex, and dosing algorithms do not include genetic factors or interactions with other drugs for warfarin dose determinations. We evaluated the interaction of warfarin and CYP2C9 polymorphisms and concomitant corticosteroids in 29 children with cancer. Children with heterozygous polymorphisms of CYP2C9 achieved target INR sooner and more frequently had INR above the target level, compared to children without mutations. Children on concomitant steroids had significantly lower warfarin requirements. Thus, awareness of CYP2C9 genotype and steroid-induced responsiveness to warfarin may be important when administrating oral anticoagulation in children.

• Ruud, Ellen; Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B; De Lange, Charlotte; Hogstad, E. M. & Wesenberg, Finn (2006). Low-dose warfarin for the prevention of central line-associated thromboses in children with malignancies--a randomized, controlled study. Acta Paediatrica.  ISSN 0803-5253.  95(9), s 1053- 1059 . doi: 10.1080/08035250600729092 Show summary

  Background: Central venous lines (CVLs) are essential in the care of children with malignancies, but are associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE) and infections. Effective and safe prophylactic approaches are deficient. Aim: To perform a study of adjusted low-dose warfarin for the prevention of CVL-related VTE in children with malignancies. Methods: Children with newly diagnosed cancer, a CVL in a jugular vein and an expected treatment period of over 6 mo were eligible for the study. Participants were randomized to low-dose warfarin, with intended international normalized ratio (INR) 1.3–1.9, or to a control group. Primary outcome was VTE in a jugular vein diagnosed by ultrasonography at 1, 3 and 6 mo after inclusion. Secondary outcome was CVL-related infections, mainly measured as days on antibiotics or positive blood cultures. Results: The study enrolled 73 children, and 62 completed it fully. Asymptomatic CVL-related VTE was frequent (42%), but often transient. Regardless of severity, timing and duration, CVL-related VTE was equally frequent among children on warfarin as compared to controls (p=0.44). Low-dose warfarin (p=0.59) or jugular CVL-related VTE (p=0.91) did not have any impact on days on antibiotics, but we observed a tendency towards an association between CVL-related VTE and positive blood cultures (p=0.15). Conclusion: Our randomized study of low-dose oral anticoagulation for the prevention of CVL-related asymptomatic VTE in children with cancer did not show any benefit of warfarin adjusted to maintain INR between 1.3 and 1.9.

• Ruud, Ellen; Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B; De Lange, Charlotte; Natvig, Solveig; Albertsen, B.K. & Wesenberg, Finn (2006). THROMBOTIC EFFECTS OF ASPARAGINASE IN TWO ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA PROTOCOLS (NOPHO ALL-1992 VERSUS NOPHO ALL-2000): A Single-Institution Study. Pediatric Hematology & Oncology.  ISSN 0888-0018.  23(3), s 207- 216 . doi: 10.1080/08880010500506701 Show summary

  Asparaginase is essential in the treatment of lymphoproliferative malignancies, but it is associated with several side effects. The objective of this study was to compare asparaginase-induced alterations of the coagulation inhibitors and the impact on central line-associated thrombosis in children treated according to 2 different asparaginase regimens. The study enrolled 30 children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and they were divided into 2 groups with respect to asparaginase preparation and protocol (NOPHO ALL-1992 versus NOPHO ALL-2000). The coagulation inhibitors antithrombin, protein C, and proteins S were measured prior to and during asparaginase therapy, and incidence of central line-associated thromboses was compared to evaluate the protocols' thrombogenicity. Thirteen children received Erwinia asparaginase and 17 children received E. coli asparaginase. Independent of protocol, the coagulation inhibitors were significantly reduced during asparaginase therapy (p < .001), and central line-associated thromboses were frequent. Four children developed thrombosis in the course of asparaginase therapy, and there was a correlation between asparaginase-induced fall of antithrombin and occurrence of new thromboses (p = .01).

• Ruud, Ellen; Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B; Hopp, Einar & Wesenberg, Finn (2006). Central line-associated venous late effects in children without prior history of thrombosis. Acta Paediatrica.  ISSN 0803-5253.  95(9), s 1060- 1065 . doi: 10.1080/08035250500499457 Show summary

  Background: The frequency of asymptomatic central line-associated thromboses is high and well recognized among children with cancer, while the long-term consequences are mainly unknown. Aim: In a cross-sectional study, we evaluated clinical and radiological venous outcome in children with previous long-standing intravascular catheters. Methods: The study enrolled 71 children previously treated for malignant or haematological diseases, 4–180 (median 37) mo after removal of their central lines. Inclusion criteria were a prior central line in a jugular vein for a minimum of 6 mo and no previous history of thrombosis. The children had clinical examination for post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) and Doppler ultrasonography of the central neck veins. Twelve children had additional venous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). But no kind of venography was performed in the remaining. Results: We observed mild PTS with increased superficial collaterals in four children (6%), but no cases of more severe PTS. None complained of symptoms related to venous late effects. By ultrasonography, post-thrombotic venous alterations were detected in 17 children (24%), and five of these had complete occlusion of the veins. The sensitivity for pathologically increased collaterals to identify occlusive thrombosis was 0.6, while the specificity was 0.98. Occlusive venous thromboembolism was associated with the total number of central venous lines (CVLs; p=0.002), previous severe CVL-associated infections (p=0.001) and duration of central line in place (p=0.042). Conclusion: In spite of no prior history of thrombosis, children with previous long-term jugular lines frequently had local thrombotic sequelae, while clinical symptoms of PTS were rare

• Ruud, Ellen; Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B; Brosstad, Frank Roger & Wesenberg, Finn (2006). Children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia have high plasma levels of total homocysteine at time of diagnosis. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation.  ISSN 0036-5513.  66(1), s 67- 78 Show summary

  Objective. Cancer can induce venous thromboembolic complications for various reasons. As part of a greater study, acquired and congenital prothrombotic risk factors were investigated in children with leukaemia or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and compared with similar investigations in children with congenital heart defects. Material and methods. Blood samples were taken from 60 children with newly diagnosed leukaemia or lymphoma and 133 children with congenital heart defects in the course of a scheduled cardiac catheterization. When children with cancer were in remission, analyses of acquired prothrombotic risk factors were repeated. Children with cancer were observed for symptoms of thromboembolism throughout their treatment period. Results. Total homocysteine levels were significantly raised in children with cancer (median value 10.0 micromol/L) as compared with the levels in children with congenital heart diseases (5.0 micromol/L) (p<0.001), while children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia had the highest values. The median level of lipoprotein(a) was slightly increased in children with newly diagnosed leukaemia or lymphoma (105 mg/L versus 100 mg/L, p<0.001), and levels of coagulation inhibitors were higher (p<0.001). Total homocysteine levels normalized when children attained remission of cancer disease. Two children had symptoms of acute thrombosis. Conclusions. Raised concentrations of total homocysteine were frequent in children with newly diagnosed cancer, but this normalized when the children were in remission. The clinical significance of our observations and the impact on venous thromboembolism have yet to be defined.

• Brun, Henrik; Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B & Thaulow, Erik (2005). Sudden death during a change in treatment for pulmonary hypertension. Cardiology in the Young.  ISSN 1047-9511.  15(2), s 223- 225 Show summary

  We describe an infant with an atrioventricular septal defect and separate valvar orifices for the right and left ventricles, the so-called primum defect, who presented with serious pulmonary hypertension. Treatment with sildenafil was changed to intravenous epoprostenol due to lack of any measurable effects of the initial therapy as shown by echocardiography. The girl died three days after the change in treatment. We suggest that a mismatch between ventilation and perfusion contributed significantly to her death

• Ruud, Ellen; Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B; Brosstad, Frank Roger & Wesenberg, Finn (2005). Diagnostic value of family histories of thrombosis to identify children with thrombophilia. Pediatric Hematology & Oncology.  ISSN 0888-0018.  22(6), s 453- 462 Show summary

  Thrombophilia screening is a time-consuming and expensive procedure. Information about thromboembolism among relatives may be a simple method to identify those at risk of having thrombophilia. In a cross-sectional clinical study the authors have investigated the role of such family histories to detect children with thrombophilia. In 202 children a family history of venous or arterial thromboembolism was recorded. The participants were either children with congenital heart defects at the time of a scheduled cardiac catheterization (n=134) or children with newly diagnosed cancer (n=68). Questions were answered, on the spot, by the parents, at the same time as blood samples for thrombophilia screening were taken. Questions about family history of thromboembolism were completed in 184 children, of whom 114 children (62%) were positive, and 35 of these had relatives with venous thromboembolic events. Only one child had an affected first-degree relative. Thrombophilic alterations were observed in 60 children (30%), and 25 of these were defined as inherited. A positive family history of venous origin increased the relative risk of a child having inherited thrombophilia to 2.35 (95% confidence interval 1.1--5.2). Information about familial arterial thromboembolism was not useful in spotting children with prothrombotic risk factors. These results indicate that questioning about family history of venous thromboembolism may identify children with genetic thrombophilia, but the association is not strong. The authors encourage similar larger-scale studies to enlighten the issue fully

• Brun, Henrik; Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B; Greve, G & Thaulow, Erik (2004). Pulmonal hypertensjon hos barn (del 1). Hjerteforum.  ISSN 0802-1465.  16, s 35- 44
• Brun, Henrik; Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B; Greve, G & Thaulow, Erik (2004). Pulmonal hypertensjon hos barn (del 2). Hjerteforum.  ISSN 0802-1465.  17, s 36- 45
• Bjørnstad, Per G; Holmstrøm, Henrik; Smevik, Bjarne & et, al. (2003). Transcatheter closure of atrial septal defects in the oval fossa. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  123(15), s 2052- 4
• Ruud, Ellen; Holmstrøm, Henrik; Aagenaes, I; Hafsahl, Geir; Handeland, Martin; Kyte, A & Brosstad, Frank Roger (2003). Successful thrombolysis by prolonged low-dose alteplase in catheter-directed infusion. Acta Paediatrica.  ISSN 0803-5253.  92(8), s 973- 6
• Ruud, Ellen; Holmstrøm, Henrik & Thaulow, Erik (2003). Fontan circulation is associated with thrombosis. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  123(10), s 1342- 4
• Bjørnstad, Per G; Holmstrøm, Henrik; Smevik, Bjarne; Tønnessen, Tor Inge & Fosse, Erik (2002). Transcatheter closure of atrial septal defects in the oval fossa: is the method applicable in small children. Cardiology in the Young.  ISSN 1047-9511.  12(4), s 352- 6
• Ruud, Ellen; Natvig, Solveig; Holmstrøm, Henrik & Wesenberg, Finn (2002). Low prevalence of femoral venous thrombosis after cardiac catheterizations in children: a prospective study. Cardiology in the Young.  ISSN 1047-9511.  12(6), s 513- 8
• Ruud, Ellen; Natvig, Solveig; Holmstrøm, Henrik & Wesenberg, Finn (2002). Prevalence of thrombophilia and central venous catheter-associated neck vein thrombosis in 41 children with cancer--a prospective study. Medical and Pediatric Oncology.  ISSN 0098-1532.  38(6), s 405- 10
• Holmstrøm, Henrik; Hall, Christian & Thaulow, Erik (2001). Plasma levels of natriuretic peptides and hemodynamic assessment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants. Acta Paediatrica.  ISSN 0803-5253.  90(2), s 184- 91
• Holmstrøm, Henrik; Hall, Christian; Stokke, Oddvar & Thaulow, Erik (2000). Plasma levels of N-terminal proatrial natriuretic peptide in children are dependent on renal function and age. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation.  ISSN 0036-5513.  60(2), s 149- 59
• Holmstrøm, Henrik & Rootwelt, Terje (2000). Thromboembolic diseases in children. Ugeskrift for læger.  ISSN 0041-5782.  162(8), s 1060- 7
• Holmstrøm, Henrik; Hall, Christian; Stokke, Oddvar; Lindberg, Harald L & Thaulow, Erik (1999). Elevation of atrial natriuretic peptide prohormone. Hemodynamic background of the elevation of N-terminal natriuretic peptide prohormone in children with congenital heart disease. Cardiology in the Young.  ISSN 1047-9511.  9(2), s 141- 9
• Holmstrøm, Henrik; Hall, Christian; Stokke, Oddvar; Lindberg, Harald L & Thaulow, Erik (1999). Measurements of N-terminal proatrial natriuretic factor in children. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  119(19), s 2838- 41
• Holmstrøm, Henrik & Finne, Per Haavardsholm (1997). Collagen analysis in fibroblasts in osteogenesis imperfecta. Clinical benefits. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  117(10), s 1469- 73
• Holmstrøm, Henrik; Hall, Christian; Stokke, Oddvar; Lindberg, Harald L & Thaulow, Erik (1996). Serum N-terminal proatrial natriuretic factor in children with congenital heart disease. European Heart Journal.  ISSN 0195-668X.  17(11), s 1737- 46
• Holmstrøm, Henrik & Monn, Eirik (1995). Gastroenteritis in children. Peroral rehydration, intravenous fluid therapy and nutrition. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  115(15), s 1842- 7

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• Jortveit, Jarle; Eskedal, Leif Torvald; Klcovansky, Jakob; Døhlen, Gaute & Holmstrøm, Henrik (2019). Forekomst av infeksiøs endokarditt hos barn. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  139(2), s 1- 5 . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.18.0422
• Lee, Anja & Holmstrøm, Henrik (2019). N?r barn ikke skal bli gamle. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  139(7) . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.19.0210
• Øyen, Anne-Siri; Ulleberg, Bente; Sangar, Paul; Wallace, Sean Ciaran & Holmstrøm, Henrik (2018). A-S. Øyen og medarbeidere svarer. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  138(1), s 16- 16 . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.17.1091
• Vollrath, Margarete E.; Stene-Larsen, Kim; Brandlistuen, Ragnhild Eek; Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B; Eskedal, Leif Torvald & Landolt, Markus A. (2013). Internalizing and externalizing problems in children with congenital heart disease.
• Dale, Maria Teresa Grønning; Vollrath, Margarete E. & Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B (2012). Well-being among mothers of children with congenital heart defects: a prospective case-cohort study from pregnancy to 36 months after delivery. Series of Dissertations submitted to the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Oslo. 372.
• Stene-Larsen, Kim; Vollrath, Margarete E. & Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B (2011). Emotional and behavioral problems in infants and toddlers with congenital heart defects. A longitudinal study from birth to 36 months of age. Series of Dissertations submitted to the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Oslo. No.252.
• Stene-Larsen, Kim; Solberg, Øivind; Vollrath, Margarete E.; Holmstrøm, Henrik; Eskedal, Leif Torvald; Landolt, MA; Olsen, Ragnhild Eek & Grønning, Maria Teresa (2009). HEARTKIDS og HEARTMOMS: to store prosjekter om medfødt hjertefeil og psykisk helse ved Nasjonalt folkehelseinstitutt.
• Brun, Henrik; Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B; Fredriksen, Per Morten; Matthews, Iren; Lund, May Brit & Thaulow, Erik (2005). Behandlingsprogram ved Eisenmenger-syndrom- hvordan måle effekt?. Paidos: Tidsskrift for Norsk barnelegeforening.  ISSN 1503-5360.  (1), s 10 Show summary

  Abstrakt fra Norsk Barnelegeforenings høstmøte 2004

• Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B (2005). Orphan drugs and off-license use � drug treatment in congenital heart disease as a case in point.
• Holmstrøm, Henrik Alf B & Thaulow, Erik (2005). Ekko for alle barn med bilyd?. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  125(8), s 994 Show summary

  Klinisk undersøkelse av barn med hjertefeil har høy treffsikkerhet, men er den god nok?

• Omland, Torbjørn & Holmstrøm, Henrik (2002). Natriuretic peptides as markers of patent ductus arteriosus in premature infants. Clinical Science.  ISSN 0143-5221.  103, s 79- 80

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