Monica Baumann-Larsen

• Stangeland, Helle Håve; Aakvaag, Helene Flood; Baumann-Larsen, Monica; Wentzel-Larsen, Tore; Ottesen, Akiah & Zwart, John Anker Henrik [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2024). Prevalence and risk of psychiatric disorders in young people: Prospective cohort study exploring the role of childhood trauma (the HUNT study). British Journal of Psychiatry. ISSN 0007-1250. doi: 10.1192/bjp.2024.98. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background Better knowledge about childhood trauma as a risk factor for psychiatric disorders in young people could help strengthen the timeliness and effectiveness of prevention and treatment efforts. Aims To estimate the prevalence and risk of psychiatric disorders in young people following exposure to childhood trauma, including interpersonal violence. Method This prospective cohort study followed 8199 adolescents (age range 12–20 years) over 13–15 years, into young adulthood (age range 25–35 years). Data about childhood trauma exposure from adolescents participating in the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT, 2006–2008) were linked to data about subsequent development of psychiatric disorders from the Norwegian Patient Registry (2008–2021). Results One in four (24.3%) adolescents were diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder by young adulthood. Regression analyses showed consistent and significant relationships between childhood exposure to both interpersonal violence and other potentially traumatic events, and subsequent psychiatric disorders and psychiatric comorbidity. The highest estimates were observed for childhood exposure to two or more types of interpersonal violence (polyvictimisation), and development of psychotic disorders (odds ratio 3.41, 95% CI 1.93–5.72), stress and adjustment disorders (odds ratio 4.20, 95% CI 3.05–5.71), personality disorders (odds ratio 3.98, 95% CI 2.70–5.76), alcohol-related disorders (odds ratio 3.28, 95% CI 2.06–5.04) and drug-related disorders (odds ratio 4.67, 95% CI 2.87–7.33). Conclusions These findings emphasise the importance of integrating knowledge about childhood trauma as a potent risk factor for psychopathology into the planning and implementation of services for children, adolescents and young adults.

• Baumann-Larsen, Monica; Reme, Silje Endresen & Stensland, Synne Øien Blixt (2024). Barndomstraumer og langvarige smerter hos barn, ungdom og unge voksne. Tidsskrift for Norsk psykologforening (Psykologtidsskriftet). ISSN 0332-6470. p. 829–842. doi: 10.52734/LSNU7172. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Bullying, physical violence, sexual abuse, loss of loved ones, accidents, disasters or other potentially traumatic events or situations in childhood are associated with a range of health problems and related functional impairment. New research findings suggest that such childhood trauma can lead to young people developing chronic pain with frequent use of painkillers already in childhood and adolescence. The high risk of adverse trajectories may indicate that young people who develop pain after childhood trauma lack access to early effective interventions. Trauma-exposed children and young people with long-term pain and other accompanying post-traumatic reactions may benefit little from established pain management. Knowledge of risk, resiliency and key pain mechanisms following childhood trauma can strengthen clinical management. This review article explores theoretical and empirical perspectives on how childhood trauma and related biological, psychological and social factors and reactions can contribute to the development of chronic pain and the use of painkillers among children and adolescents.

• Baumann, Monica; Storheim, Kjersti; Stangeland, Helle; Zwart, John Anker Henrik; Wentzel-Larsen, Tore & Skurtveit, Svetlana Ondrasova [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2023). Childhood trauma and the use of opioids and other prescription analgesics in adolescence and young adulthood. The HUNT study. Pain. ISSN 0304-3959. 165(6), p. 1317–1326. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003131. Full text in Research Archive
• Baumann-Larsen, Monica; Dyb, Grete Anita; Wentzel-Larsen, Tore; Zwart, John Anker Henrik; Storheim, Kjersti & Stensland, Synne Øien Blixt (2023). Exposure to traumatic events and use of over-the-counter analgesics in adolescents: cross-sectional findings from the Young-HUNT study. BMJ Open. 13(3). doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066058. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Objective Frequent and increasing use of over-the- counter analgesics (OTCA) among adolescents is a public health concern. Prior research indicates that adolescents exposed to traumatic events may be at increased risk of suffering from headaches and musculoskeletal pain. In this study, we assessed the association between trauma exposure and use of OTCA for headaches and musculoskeletal pain. Design A cross-sectional population study among adolescents, self-reported data on trauma exposure, pain and use of OTCA. Setting and participants All 10 608 adolescents aged 13–19 years in a region of Norway were invited in this school-based survey, participation rate was 76%. Outcome measure Frequency of OTCA use for headache and musculoskeletal pain served as separate outcomes in ordinal logistic regression analyses. Results Trauma exposure was significantly and consistently related to higher frequency use of OTCA for headache and musculoskeletal pain, of which associations for bullying (OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.50 to 2.12, and OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.70 to 2.66), physical violence (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.25 to 1.78 and OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.45 to 2.32) and sexual abuse (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.55 to 2.18 and OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.90) were particularly strong. A dose–response relationship was found between interpersonal violence and OTCA use for headache (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.29 to 1.66 for one type and OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.53 to 2.14 for two or more types) and musculoskeletal pain (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.91 to 3.00 for one type and OR 2.39, 95% CI 1.91 to 3.00 for two or more types). The associations remained significant after adjustment for pain, although an attenuation in strength was observed. Conclusion Trauma exposed adolescents use OTCA for headaches and musculoskeletal pain more frequently than those not exposed. The higher frequency of pain conditions among trauma exposed only partially explained their more frequent OTCA use, indicating an increased risk relating to features beyond frequency of pain.

• Stangeland, Helle; Aakvaag, Helene Flood; Baumann, Monica; Wentzel-Larsen, Tore; Storheim, Kjersti & Zwart, John Anker Henrik [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2023). Problematic alcohol use in young adults exposed to childhood trauma: The Trøndelag Health (HUNT) Study. Journal of Traumatic Stress. ISSN 0894-9867. 36(5), p. 968–979. doi: 10.1002/jts.22965. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Problematic alcohol use (PAU) severely impacts the health, functioning, and long-term prospects of young people. Prior research indicates that childhood trauma exposure may be an important risk factor for PAU, but few longitudinal studies have looked at how specific trauma types influence this risk. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between childhood trauma exposure and PAU in a large, population-based cohort of young people. The study sam- ple included 1,913 adolescents who participated in the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT) between 2006 and 2008 (age range: 12–20) and completed follow-up 10 years later as young adults (age range: 22–32). The results revealed an increased risk of PAU in young adults exposed to childhood trauma, especially direct phys- ical violence, OR = 2.38, [95% CI 1.56, 3.64]. Young adults who had witnessed violence, OR = 1.55, [95% CI 1.11, 2.17], or experienced an accident, disaster, or other traumatic event, OR = 1.60, [95% CI 1.19, 2.15], also had higher odds of PAU compared to those without such experiences. These associations remained consistent after adjusting for symptoms of headaches and pain as well as post- traumatic and general psychological distress as reported by the participants in adolescence. Future prevention efforts targeting PAU among adolescents and young adults should address violence and other trauma exposure as potential drivers of problematic drinking.

• Baumann, Monica; Zwart, John Anker Henrik; Dyb, Grete Anita; Wentzel-Larsen, Tore; Stangeland, Helle & Storheim, Kjersti [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2023). Killing pain? A prospective population-based study on trauma exposure in childhood as predictor for frequent use of over-the-counter analgesics in young adulthood. The HUNT study. Psychiatry Research. ISSN 0165-1781. 327, p. 1–8. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115400. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Frequent and increasing use of over-the-counter analgesics (OTCA) is a public health concern. Pain conditions and psychological distress are related to frequent OTCA use, and as exposure to potentially traumatic events (PTE) in childhood appears to increase risk of experiencing such symptoms, we aimed to assess childhood PTEs and related symptoms in adolescence as predictors for frequent OTCA use in young adulthood. Prospective population survey data were used (n =2947, 59.1% female, 10–13 years follow-up). Exposure to PTEs, symptoms of post-traumatic stress, anxiety and depression, musculoskeletal pain and headache were assessed in adolescence (13–19 years). Use of OTCA was assessed in young adulthood (22–32 years) and use of OTCA to treat musculoskeletal pain and headache served as separate outcomes in ordinal logistic regression analyses. Overall, exposure to childhood PTEs, particularly direct interpersonal violence, was significantly and consistently related to more frequent use of OTCA to treat musculoskeletal pain and headaches in young adulthood. Adjusting for psychological symptoms and pain attenuated associations, indicating that these symptoms are of importance for the relationship between traumatic events and OTCA use. These findings emphasize the need to address symptomatology and underlying causes at an early age.

• Stangeland, Helle; Handal, Marte; Skurtveit, Svetlana Ondrasova; Aakvaag, Helene Flood; Dyb, Grete Anita & Wentzel-Larsen, Tore [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2022). Killing pain?: a population-based registry study of the use of prescription analgesics, anxiolytics, and hypnotics among all children, adolescents and young adults in Norway from 2004 to 2019. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. ISSN 1018-8827. p. 1–12. doi: 10.1007/s00787-022-02066-8. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The ongoing opioid epidemic has been a global concern for years, increasingly due to its heavy toll on young people’s lives and prospects. Few studies have investigated trends in use of the wider range of drugs prescribed to alleviate pain, psychological distress and insomnia in children, adolescents and young adults. Our aim was to study dispensation as a proxy for use of prescription analgesics, anxiolytics and hypnotics across age groups (0–29 years) and sex over the last 15 years in a large, representative general population. The study used data from a nationwide prescription database, which included information on all drugs dispensed from any pharmacy in Norway from 2004 through 2019. Age-specific trends revealed that the prevalence of use among children and adolescents up to age 14 was consistently low, with the exception of a substantial increase in use of melatonin from age 5. From age 15–29, adolescents and young adults used more prescription drugs with increasing age at all time points, especially analgesics and drugs with higher potential for misuse. Time trends also revealed that children from age 5 were increasingly dispensed melatonin over time, while adolescents from age 15 were increasingly dispensed analgesics, including opioids, gabapentinoids and paracetamol. In contrast, use of benzodiazepines and z-hypnotics slightly declined in young adults over time. Although trends were similar for both sexes, females used more prescription drugs than their male peers overall. The upsurge in use of prescription analgesics, anxiolytics and hypnotics among young people is alarming.

• Baumann, Monica; Espeland, Martine Z.; Kværner, Ane Sørlie; Bogsrud, Martin Prøven & Retterstøl, Kjetil (2013). Lipidprofil ved lavkarbokosthold hos friske. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening (Tidsskriftet). ISSN 0029-2001. 133(11), p. 1193–1196. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.12.0034. Full text in Research Archive

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• Baumann-Larsen, Monica; Stangeland, Helle & Tangvald-Pedersen, Aslaug (2024). Studie om ungdom og smertestillende: –⁠ Vi finner en klar sammenheng, nyhetssak på VG sine nettsider. [Internet]. vg.no. Full text in Research Archive
• Baumann-Larsen, Monica (2024). Risikofaktorer for hodepine blant barn og unge: hvilken rolle spiller medikamentbruk og barndomstraumer? Full text in Research Archive
• Baumann-Larsen, Monica & Tangvald-Pedersen, Aslaug (2024). Studie om ungdom og smertestillende: –⁠ Vi finner en klar sammenheng. [Journal]. VG. Full text in Research Archive
• Baumann-Larsen, Monica (2024). Bruk av smertestillende blant ungdom og unge voksne. Er det et problem? Full text in Research Archive
• Stangeland, Helle; Aakvaag, Helene Flood; Baumann-Larsen, Monica; Wentzel-Larsen, Tore; Storheim, Kjersti & Zwart, John Anker Henrik [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2023). Problematic alcohol use in young adults exposed to childhood trauma: The Trøndelag Health (HUNT) Study, poster at the ISTSS 39th annual meeting. Full text in Research Archive
• Stangeland, Helle; Aakvaag, Helene Flood; Baumann-Larsen, Monica; Wentzel-Larsen, Tore; Storheim, Kjersti & Zwart, John Anker Henrik [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2023). Problematic alcohol use in young adults exposed to childhood trauma: The Trøndelag Health (HUNT) Study, poster på den 12. Nasjonale forskningskonferansen om muskelskjeletthelse 2023 (MUSS). Full text in Research Archive
• Stangeland, Helle; Handal, Marte; Skurtveit, Svetlana Ondrasova; Aakvaag, Helene Flood; Dyb, Grete Anita & Wentzel-Larsen, Tore [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2022). Killing pain? A 15-year population-based registry study of the use of prescription analgesics, anxiolytics and hypnotics among young people in Norway, oral presentation. Full text in Research Archive
• Stangeland, Helle; Handal, Marte; Skurtveit, Svetlana Ondrasova; Aakvaag, Helene Flood; Dyb, Grete Anita & Wentzel-Larsen, Tore [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2021). Killing pain? A population-based registry study of the use of prescription analgesics, anxiolytics, and hypnotics among children, adolescents and young adults in Norway from 2004-2019, poster på den 10. Nasjonale forskningskonferansen innen muskelskjeletthelse 2021 (MUSS). Full text in Research Archive
• Stangeland, Helle; Handal, Marte; Skurtveit, Svetlana Ondrasova; Aakvaag, Helene Flood; Dyb, Grete Anita & Wentzel-Larsen, Tore [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2020). Bruk av smertestillende og vanedannende medikamenter til barn og unge i Norge: En populasjonsbasert studie over 15 år (2004-2019), foredrag på den 9. Nasjonale forskningskonferansen innen muskelskjeletthelse 2020 (MUSS). Full text in Research Archive

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