Mette Kalager

• Bleijenberg, Arne; Klotz, Dagmar; Løberg, Magnus; Dekker, Evelien; Adami, Hans Olov; Kuipers, Ernst J.; Holme, Øyvind; Kalager, Mette; Emilsson, Louise; Kleist, Britta; Løvdal, Leif; Régula, Jarosław; Løberg, Else Marit; Ijspeert, Joep & Bretthauer, Michael (2019). Implications of different guidelines for surveillance after serrated polyp resection in United States of America and Europe. Endoscopy.  ISSN 0013-726X.  51(8), s 750- 758 . doi: 10.1055/a-0916-8598
• Helsingen, Lise M.; Vandvik, Per Olav; Jodal, Henriette C.; Agoritsas, Thomas; Lytvyn, Lyubov; Anderson, Joseph C.; Auer, Reto; Murphy, Silje Bjerkelund; Almadi, Majid Abdulrahman; Corley, Douglas A; Quinlan, Casey; Fuchs, Jonathan M.; McKinnon, Annette; Qaseem, Amir; Heen, Anja Fog; Siemieniuk, Reed A.C.; Kalager, Mette; Usher-Smith, Juliet A.; Lansdorp-Vogelaar, Iris; Bretthauer, Michael & Guyatt, Gordon (2019). Colorectal cancer screening with faecal immunochemical testing, sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy: A clinical practice guideline. BMJ. British Medical Journal.  ISSN 1756-1833.  367:I5515, s 1- 16 . doi: 10.1136/bmj.l5515 Show summary

  Abstract CLINICAL QUESTION: Recent 15-year updates of sigmoidoscopy screening trials provide new evidence on the effectiveness of colorectal cancer screening. Prompted by the new evidence, we asked: "Does colorectal cancer screening make an important difference to health outcomes in individuals initiating screening at age 50 to 79? And which screening option is best?" CURRENT PRACTICE: Numerous guidelines recommend screening, but vary on recommended test, age and screening frequency. This guideline looks at the evidence and makes recommendations on screening for four screening options: faecal immunochemical test (FIT) every year, FIT every two years, a single sigmoidoscopy, or a single colonoscopy. RECOMMENDATIONS: These recommendations apply to adults aged 50-79 years with no prior screening, no symptoms of colorectal cancer, and a life expectancy of at least 15 years. For individuals with an estimated 15-year colorectal cancer risk below 3%, we suggest no screening (weak recommendation). For individuals with an estimated 15-year risk above 3%, we suggest screening with one of the four screening options: FIT every year, FIT every two years, a single sigmoidoscopy, or a single colonoscopy (weak recommendation). With our guidance we publish the linked research, a graphic of the absolute harms and benefits, a clear description of how we reached our value judgments, and linked decision aids. HOW THIS GUIDELINE WAS CREATED: A guideline panel including patients, clinicians, content experts and methodologists produced these recommendations using GRADE and in adherence with standards for trustworthy guidelines. A linked systematic review of colorectal cancer screening trials and microsimulation modelling were performed to inform the panel of 15-year screening benefits and harms. The panel also reviewed each screening option's practical issues and burdens. Based on their own experience, the panel estimated the magnitude of benefit typical members of the population would value to opt for screening and used the benefit thresholds to inform their recommendations. THE EVIDENCE: Overall there was substantial uncertainty (low certainty evidence) regarding the 15-year benefits, burdens and harms of screening. Best estimates suggested that all four screening options resulted in similar colorectal cancer mortality reductions. FIT every two years may have little or no effect on cancer incidence over 15 years, while FIT every year, sigmoidoscopy, and colonoscopy may reduce cancer incidence, although for FIT the incidence reduction is small compared with sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy. Screening related serious gastrointestinal and cardiovascular adverse events are rare. The magnitude of the benefits is dependent on the individual risk, while harms and burdens are less strongly associated with cancer risk. UNDERSTANDING THE RECOMMENDATION: Based on benefits, harms, and burdens of screening, the panel inferred that most informed individuals with a 15-year risk of colorectal cancer of 3% or higher are likely to choose screening, and most individuals with a risk of below 3% are likely to decline screening. Given varying values and preferences, optimal care will require shared decision making.

• Seppälä, Toni T.; Ahadova, Aysel; Dominguez-Valentin, Mev; Macrae, Finlay; Evans, D. Gareth; Therkildsen, Christina; Sampson, Julian; Scott, Rodney; Burn, John; Moslein, Gabriela; Bernstein, Inge; Holinski-Feder, Elke; Pylvänäinen, Kirsi; Renkonen-Sinisalo, Laura; Lepistö, Anna; Lautrup, Charlotte Kvist; Lindblom, Annika; Plazzer, John-Paul; Winship, Ingrid; Tjandra, Douglas; Katz, Lior H.; Aretz, Stefan; Hüneburg, Robert; Holzapfel, Stefanie; Heinimann, Karl; Valle, Adriana Della; Neffa, Florencia; Gluck, Nathan; de Vos tot Nederveen Cappel, Wouter H.; Vasen, Hans; Morak, Monika; Steinke-Lange, Verena; Engel, Christoph; Rahner, Nils; Schmiegel, Wolff; Vangala, Deepak; Thomas, Huw; Green, Kate; Lalloo, Fiona; Crosbie, Emma J.; Hill, James; Capella, Gabriel; Pineda, Marta; Navarro, Matilde; Blanco, Ignacio; Ten Broeke, Sanne; Nielsen, Maartje; Ljungmann, Ken; Nakken, Sigve; Lindor, Noralane; Frayling, Ian; Hovig, Eivind; Sunde, Lone; Kloor, Matthias; Mecklin, Jukka-Pekka; Kalager, Mette & Møller, Pål (2019). Lack of association between screening interval and cancer stage in Lynch syndrome may be accounted for by over-diagnosis; A prospective Lynch syndrome database report. Hereditary Cancer in Clinical Practice.  ISSN 1731-2302.  17:8, s 1- 8 . doi: 10.1186/s13053-019-0106-8
• Wieszczy, Paulina; Kamiński, Michał Filip; Franczyk, Robert; Løberg, Magnus; Kobiela, Jarek; Rupinska, Maria; Kocot, Bartlomiej; Rupinski, Maciej; Holme, Øyvind; Wojciechowska, Urszula; Didkowska, Joanna; Ransohoff, David F.; Bretthauer, Michael; Kalager, Mette & Regula, Jaroslaw (2019). Colorectal Cancer Incidence and Mortality After Removal of Adenomas During Screening Colonoscopies. Gastroenterology.  ISSN 0016-5085.  158(4), s 875- 883 . doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.09.011
• Zahl, Per Henrik; Kalager, Mette; Suhrke, Pål & Nord, Erik (2019). Quality-of-life effects of screening mammography in Norway. International Journal of Cancer.  ISSN 0020-7136. . doi: 10.1002/ijc.32539 Show summary

  Mammography screening may save women from dying of breast cancer, although it has not been shown to reduce all-cause mortality. Screening also leads to overdiagnosis and many false positive mammograms aggravating women's quality-of-life. Quality adjusted life years (QALY) analyses of mammography screening have so far, calculated life years gained assuming that all prevented breast cancer deaths translate into a reduction in all-cause mortality. We calculated net QALYs in two hypothesized cohorts of 100,000 Norwegian women; one screened biennially from age 50 to 69 years and one not screened. We followed both cohorts to age 85 years. We used EQ-5D and an alternative equity weighted QALY instrument to estimate utility losses. In the screening cohort, we assumed 20% false positive tests during screening, different levels of overdiagnosis (20-75%) and different levels of breast cancer mortality reduction (10-30%). We assumed that reductions in breast cancer mortality only to a limited extent (20, 50 or 80%), resulted in reductions in all-cause mortality. We calculated both undiscounted and discounted (4%) QALYs. Assuming that 50% of the reduction in breast cancer mortality translated to a reduction in all-cause mortality and using estimated levels of benefits and harms in modern screening programs (50-75% overdiagnosis and 10% reduction in breast cancer mortality), undiscounted equity weighted QALY loss varied from 437 to 875 per 100,000 women. Using the levels of benefit and harms as reported in 30-40 years old randomized trials (30% overdiagnosis and 15% reduction in breast cancer mortality), undiscounted equity weighted QALY gain was 535 per 100,000. Net QALY in modern mammography screening in Norway is negative. Results could also be representative for Sweden, Denmark, UK and the US.

• Adami, Hans Olov; Kalager, Mette; Valdimarsdottir, U; Bretthauer, Michael & Ioannidis, JPA (2018). Time to abandon early detection cancer screening.. European Journal of Clinical Investigation.  ISSN 0014-2972.  49(3) . doi: 10.1111/eci.13062
• Bretthauer, Michael; Goderstad, Jeanne Mette; Løberg, Magnus; Emilsson, Louise; Ye, Weimin; Adami, Hans Olov & Kalager, Mette (2018). Uterine morcellation and survival in uterine sarcomas. European Journal of Cancer.  ISSN 0959-8049.  101, s 62- 68 . doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2018.06.007
• Emilsson, Louise; García-Albéniz, Xabier; Logan, Roger W.; Caniglia, E.C.; Kalager, Mette & Hernan, Miguel A. (2018). Examining Bias in Studies of Statin Treatment and Survival in Patients With Cancer.. JAMA Oncology.  ISSN 2374-2437.  4(1), s 63- 70 . doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2017.2752
• Holme, Øyvind; Løberg, Magnus; Kalager, Mette; Bretthauer, Michael; Hernán, Miguel A.; Aas, Eline; Eide, Tor Jacob; Skovlund, Eva; Lekven, Jon; Schneede, Jørn; Tveit, Magne Kjell; Vatn, Morten H; Ursin, Giske & Hoff, Geir (2018). Long-term effectiveness of sigmoidoscopy screening on colorectal cancer incidence and mortality in women and men: A randomized trial. Annals of Internal Medicine.  ISSN 0003-4819.  168(11), s 775- 782 . doi: 10.7326/M17-1441
• Jodal, Henriette Cecilie; Løberg, Magnus; Holme, Øyvind; Adami, Hans Olov; Bretthauer, Michael; Emilsson, Louise; Ransohoff, David F.; Hoff, Geir & Kalager, Mette (2018). Mortality from post-screening (interval) colorectal cancers is comparable to that from cancer in unscreened patients-a randomized sigmoidoscopy trial. Gastroenterology.  ISSN 0016-5085.  155(6), s 1787- 1794 . doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2018.08.035
• Juul, Frederik Emil; Garborg, Kjetil Kjeldstad; Bretthauer, Michael; Skudal, Hilde Kristin; Oines, Mari N.; Wiig, Håvard; Rose, Øystein; Seip, Birgitte Karen Berggreen; Thomas Lamont, J.; Midtvedt, Tore; Valeur, Jørgen; Kalager, Mette; Holme, Øyvind; Helsingen, Lise M.; Løberg, Magnus & Adami, Hans Olov (2018). Fecal microbiota transplantation for primary Clostridium difficile infection. New England Journal of Medicine.  ISSN 0028-4793.  378(26), s 2535- 2537 . doi: 10.1056/NEJMc1803103 Full text in Research Archive.
• Kalager, Mette; Wieszczy, Paulina; Lansdorp-Vogelaar, I; Corley, Douglas; Bretthauer, Michael & Kamiński, Michał Filip (2018). Overdiagnosis in Colorectal Cancer Screening: Time to Acknowledge a Blind Spot.. Gastroenterology.  ISSN 0016-5085.  155(3), s 592- 595 . doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2018.07.037
• Lousdal, Mette Lise; Møller, Mette H.; Kristiansen, Ivar Sønbø; Kalager, Mette; Wisløff, Torbjørn & Støvring, Henrik (2018). The Screening Illustrator: separating the effects of lead-time and overdiagnosis in mammography screening. European Journal of Public Health.  ISSN 1101-1262.  28(6), s 1138- 1142 . doi: 10.1093/eurpub/cky085
• Pedersen, Ina Borgenheim; Løberg, Magnus; Hoff, Geir; Kalager, Mette; Bretthauer, Michael & Holme, Øyvind (2018). Polypectomy techniques among gastroenterologists in Norway – a nationwide survey. Endoscopy International Open.  ISSN 2196-9736.  6(7) . doi: 10.1055/a-0607-0727 Full text in Research Archive.
• Pinsky, Paul F.; Løberg, Magnus; Senore, Carlo; Wooldrage, Kate; Atkin, Wendy S.; Bretthauer, Michael; Cross, Amanda J; Hoff, Geir; Holme, Øyvind; Kalager, Mette; Segnan, Nereo & Schoen, Robert E. (2018). Number of Adenomas Removed and Colorectal Cancers Prevented in Randomized Trials of Flexible Sigmoidoscopy Screening. Gastroenterology.  ISSN 0016-5085.  155(4), s 1059- 1068 . doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2018.06.040
• Adami, Hans Olov; Csermely, Peter; Veres, DV; Emilsson, Louise; Løberg, Magnus; Bretthauer, Michael & Kalager, Mette (2017). Are rapidly growing cancers more lethal?. European Journal of Cancer.  ISSN 0959-8049.  72, s 210- 214 . doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2016.11.011
• Emilsson, Louise; Holme, Øyvind; Bretthauer, Michael; Cook, Nancy R.; Buring, Julie E.; Løberg, Magnus; Adami, Hans Olov; Sesso, Howard D.; Gaziano, Mike & Kalager, Mette (2017). Systematic review with meta-analysis: the comparative effectiveness of aspirin vs. screening for colorectal cancer prevention. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics.  ISSN 0269-2813.  45(2), s 193- 204 . doi: 10.1111/apt.13857
• Emilsson, Louise; Løberg, Magnus; Bretthauer, Michael; Holme, Øyvind; Fall, Katja; Jodal, Henriette Cecilie; Adami, Hans Olov & Kalager, Mette (2017). Colorectal cancer death after adenoma removal in Scandinavia. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology.  ISSN 0036-5521.  52(12), s 1377- 1384 . doi: 10.1080/00365521.2017.1377763
• Garborg, Kjetil Kjeldstad; Wiig, Håvard; Hasund, Audun; Matre, Jon; Holme, Øyvind; Noraberg, Geir; Løberg, Magnus; Kalager, Mette; Adami, Hans Olov & Bretthauer, Michael (2017). Gradual stiffness versus magnetic imaging-guided variable stiffness colonoscopes: A randomized noninferiority trial. United European Gastroenterology journal.  ISSN 2050-6406.  5(1), s 128- 133 . doi: 10.1177/2050640616639162
• Holme, Øyvind; Schoen, Robert E.; Senore, Carlo; Segnan, Nereo; Hoff, Geir; Løberg, Magnus; Bretthauer, Michael; Adami, Hans Olov & Kalager, Mette (2017). Effectiveness of flexible sigmoidoscopy screening in men and women and different age groups: Pooled analysis of randomised trials. BMJ. British Medical Journal.  ISSN 1756-1833.  356 . doi: 10.1136/bmj.i6673 Full text in Research Archive.
• Jørgensen, Karsten Juhl; Gøtzsche, Peter C; Kalager, Mette & Zahl, Per Henrik (2017). Breast cancer screening in Denmark: A cohort study of tumor size and overdiagnosis. Annals of Internal Medicine.  ISSN 0003-4819.  166(5), s 313- 323 . doi: 10.7326/M16-0270
• Jørgensen, Karsten Juhl; Kalager, Mette; Barratt, Alexandra; Baines, Cornelia; Zahl, Per Henrik; Brodersen, John & Harris, Russell P (2017). Overview of guidelines on breast screening: Why recommendations differ and what to do about it. Breast.  ISSN 0960-9776.  31, s 261- 269 . doi: 10.1016/j.breast.2016.08.002
• Adami, Hans Olov; Bretthauer, Michael; Emilsson, Louise; Hernan, Miguel A.; Kalager, Mette; Ludvigsson, Jonas F. & Ekbom, Anders (2016). The continuing uncertainty about cancer risk in inflammatory bowel disease. Gut.  ISSN 0017-5749.  65(6), s 889- 893 . doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2015-311003
• Berstad, Paula Marianna; Botteri, Edoardo; Larsen, Inger Kristin; Løberg, Magnus; Kalager, Mette; Holme, Øyvind; Bretthauer, Michael & Hoff, Geir (2016). Lifestyle changes at middle age and mortality: A population-based prospective cohort study. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health.  ISSN 0143-005X.  71(1), s 59- 66 . doi: 10.1136/jech-2015-206760
• Bretthauer, Michael; Kalager, Mette & Adami, Hans Olov (2016). Do's and don'ts in evaluation of endoscopic screening for gastrointestinal cancers. Endoscopy.  ISSN 0013-726X.  48(1), s 75- 80 . doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1393094
• Bretthauer, Michael; Kaminski, Michal Filip; Løberg, Magnus; Zauber, Ann G.; Regula, Jaroslaw; Kuipers, Ernst J.; Hernan, Miguel A.; McFadden, Elenaor; Sunde, Annike; Kalager, Mette; Dekker, Evelien; Lansdorp-Vogelaar, Iris; Garborg, Kjetil Kjeldstad; Rupinski, Maciej; Spaander, Manon C.W.; Bugajski, Marek; Høie, Ole Ingebreth; Stefansson, Tryggvi; Hoff, Geir & Adami, Hans Olov (2016). Population-Based colonoscopy screening for colorectal cancer : A randomized clinical trial. JAMA Internal Medicine.  ISSN 2168-6106.  176(7), s 894- 902 . doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.0960
• Gjøstein, Dagrun Kyte; Huitfeldt, Anders; Løberg, Magnus; Adami, Hans Olov; Garborg, Kjetil Kjeldstad; Kalager, Mette & Bretthauer, Michael (2016). Incentiver og deltagelse i en medisinsk spørreundersøkelse. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  136(12-13), s 1082- 1087 . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.15.1096
• Holme, Øyvind; de Lange, Thomas; Stallemo, Asbjørn; Wiig, Håvard; Hasund, Audun; Dvergsnes, Katrine; Garborg, Kjetil Kjeldstad; Ystrøm, Carl Magnus; Løberg, Magnus; Hoff, Geir; Bretthauer, Michael & Kalager, Mette (2016). Routine vs. on-demand analgesia in colonoscopy: a randomized clinical trial. Endoscopy.  ISSN 0013-726X.  48(09), s 823- 828 . doi: 10.1055/s-0042-108433
• Huitfeldt, Anders; Hernan, Miguel A.; Kalager, Mette & Robins, James (2016). Comparative Effectiveness Research Using Observational Data: Active Comparators to Emulate Target Trials with Inactive Comparators.. eGEMs.  ISSN 2327-9214. . doi: 10.13063/2327-9214.1234
• Jover, Rodrigo; Bretthauer, Michael; Dekker, Evelien; Holme, Øyvind; Kaminski, Michal Filip; Løberg, Magnus; Zauber, AG; Hernan, Miguel A.; Lansdorp-Vogelaar, I; Sunde, Annike; McFadden, Elenaor; Castells, A; Regula, Jaroslaw; Quintero, Enrique; Pellise, Maria; Senore, Carlo; Kalager, Mette; Dinis-Ribeiro, Mario; Emilsson, Louise; Ransohoff, David F.; Hoff, Geir & Adami, Hans Olov (2016). Rationale and design of the European Polyp Surveillance (EPoS) trials. Endoscopy.  ISSN 0013-726X.  48(6), s 571- 578 . doi: 10.1055/s-0042-104116
• Berstad, Paula Marianna; Løberg, Magnus; Larsen, Inger Kristin; Kalager, Mette; Holme, Øyvind; Botteri, Edoardo; Bretthauer, Michael & Hoff, Geir (2015). Long-term lifestyle changes after colorectal cancer screening: randomised controlled trial. Gut.  ISSN 0017-5749.  64(8), s 1268- 1276 . doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2014-307376
• Garborg, Kjetil Kjeldstad; Kaminski, Michal Filip; Lindenburger, Wolfgang; Wiig, Håvard; Hasund, Audun; Wronska, Ewa; Bie, Rolf Bruun; Kleist, Britta; Løvdal, Leif; Holme, Øyvind; Kalager, Mette; Hoff, Geir & Bretthauer, Michael (2015). Water exchange versus carbon dioxide insufflation in unsedated colonoscopy: A multicenter randomized controlled trial. Endoscopy.  ISSN 0013-726X.  47(3), s 192- 199 . doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1390795
• Holme, Øyvind; Bretthauer, Michael; Eide, Tor Jacob; Løberg, Else Marit; Grzyb, Krzysztof; Løberg, Magnus; Kalager, Mette; Adami, Hans Olov; Kjellevold, Øystein & Hoff, Geir (2015). Long-term risk of colorectal cancer in individuals with serrated polyps. Gut.  ISSN 0017-5749.  64(6), s 929- 936 . doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2014-307793
• Huitfeldt, Anders; Kalager, Mette; Robins, James; Hoff, Geir & Hernan, Miguel A. (2015). Methods to Estimate the Comparative Effectiveness of Clinical Strategies that Administer the Same Intervention at Different Times.. Current Epidemiology Reports.  ISSN 2196-2995.  2(3), s 149- 161 . doi: 10.1007/s40471-015-0045-5
• Løberg, Magnus; Lousdal, Mette Lise; Bretthauer, Michael & Kalager, Mette (2015). Benefits and harms of mammography screening. Breast Cancer Research.  ISSN 1465-5411.  17(1) . doi: 10.1186/s13058-015-0525-z
• Swanson, Sonja; Holme, Øyvind; Løberg, Magnus; Kalager, Mette; Bretthauer, Michael; Hoff, Geir; Aas, Eline & Hernan, Miguel A. (2015). Bounding the per-protocol effect in randomized trials: an application to colorectal cancer screening. Trials.  ISSN 1745-6215.  16(541) . doi: 10.1186/s13063-015-1056-8
• Bretthauer, Michael; Løberg, Magnus & Kalager, Mette (2014). Long-term colorectal-cancer mortality after adenoma removal.. New England Journal of Medicine.  ISSN 0028-4793. . doi: 10.1056/NEJMc1411954
• Hassan, Cesare; Gimeno-García, Antonio; Kalager, Mette; Spada, Cristiano; Zullo, Angelo; Costamagna, Guido; Senore, Carlo; Rex, Douglas Kevin & Quintero, Enrique (2014). Systematic review with meta-analysis: the incidence of advanced neoplasia after polypectomy in patients with and without low-risk adenomas. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics.  ISSN 0269-2813.  39(9), s 905- 912 . doi: 10.1111/apt.12682
• Holme, Øyvind; Bretthauer, Michael; Eide, Tor Jacob; Løberg, Else Marit; Grzyb, Krzysztof; Løberg, Magnus; Kalager, Mette; Adami, Hans Olov; Kjellevold, Øystein & Hoff, Geir (2014). Long-term risk of colorectal cancer in individuals with serrated polyps.. Gut.  ISSN 0017-5749. . doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2014-307793
• Holme, Øyvind; Løberg, Magnus; Kalager, Mette; Bretthauer, Michael; Hernan, Miguel A.; Aas, Eline; Eide, Tor Jacob; Skovlund, Eva; Schneede, Jørn; Tveit, Magne Kjell & Hoff, Geir (2014). Effect of Flexible Sigmoidoscopy Screening on Colorectal Cancer Incidence and Mortality A Randomized Clinical Trial. Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA).  ISSN 0098-7484.  312(6), s 606- 615 . doi: 10.1001/jama.2014.8266
• Kalager, Mette; Løberg, Magnus; Bretthauer, Michael & Adami, Hans Olov (2014). Comparative analysis of breast cancer mortality following mammography screening in Denmark and Norway. Annals of Oncology.  ISSN 0923-7534.  25(6), s 1137- 1143 . doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdu122
• Løberg, Magnus; Kalager, Mette; Holme, Øyvind; Hoff, Geir; Adami, Hans Olov & Bretthauer, Michael (2014). Long-Term Colorectal-Cancer Mortality after Adenoma Removal. New England Journal of Medicine.  ISSN 0028-4793.  371(9), s 799- 807 . doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1315870
• Bretthauer, Michael & Kalager, Mette (2013). Principles, effectiveness and caveats in screening for cancer. British Journal of Surgery.  ISSN 0007-1323.  100(1), s 55- 65 . doi: 10.1002/bjs.8995
• Garborg, Kjetil Kjeldstad; Holme, Øyvind; Løberg, Magnus; Kalager, Mette; Adami, Hans Olov & Bretthauer, Michael (2013). Current status of screening for colorectal cancer. Annals of Oncology.  ISSN 0923-7534.  24(8), s 1963- 1972 . doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdt157
• Hassan, Cesare; Quintero, Enrique; Dumonceau, Jean-Marc; Regula, Jaroslaw; Brandão, Catarina; Chaussade, Stanislas; Dekker, Evelien; Dinis-Ribeiro, Mario; Ferlitsch, Monika; Gimeno-García, Antonio; Hazewinkel, Yark; Jover, Rodrigo; Kalager, Mette; Løberg, Magnus; Pox, Christian; Rembacken, Björn & Lieberman, David (2013). Post-polypectomy colonoscopy surveillance: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Guideline. Endoscopy.  ISSN 0013-726X.  45(10), s 842- 851 . doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1344548
• Thiis-Evensen, Espen; Kalager, Mette; Bretthauer, Michael & Hoff, Geir (2013). Long-term effectiveness of endoscopic screening on incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer: A randomized trial. United European Gastroenterology journal.  ISSN 2050-6406.  1(3), s 162- 168 . doi: 10.1177/2050640613483290
• Kalager, Mette; Adami, Hans-Olov; Bretthauer, Michael & Tamimi, Rulla (2012). Overdiagnosis of Invasive Breast Cancer Due to Mammography Screening: Results From the Norwegian Screening Program. Annals of Internal Medicine.  ISSN 0003-4819.  156(7), s 491- U61 . doi: 10.1059/0003-4819-156-7-201204030-00005
• Kalager, Mette; Tamimi, Rulla; Bretthauer, Michael & Adami, Hans Olov (2012). Prognosis in women with interval breast cancer: population based observational cohort study. BMJ. British Medical Journal.  ISSN 0959-8146.  345 . doi: 10.1136/bmj.e7536
• Garborg, Kjetil Kjeldstad; Løberg, Magnus; Matre, Jon; Holme, Øyvind; Kalager, Mette; Hoff, Geir & Bretthauer, Michael (2012). Reduced pain during screening colonoscopy with an ultrathin colonoscope: a randomized controlled trial. Endoscopy.  ISSN 0013-726X.  44(8), s 740- 746 . doi: 10.1055/s-0032-1309755

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• Kalager, Mette & Bretthauer, Michael (2020). Improving cancer screening programs: Evaluating diagnostic tests in learning screening programs could improve public health. Science.  ISSN 0036-8075.  367(6474), s 143- 144 . doi: 10.1126/science.aay3156
• Adami, Hans Olov; Kalager, Mette; Valdimarsdottir, Unnur; Bretthauer, Michael & Ioannidis, John P.A. (2019). Author Reply to: The name of the game: Is preventive screening ?cancer screening??. European Journal of Clinical Investigation.  ISSN 0014-2972.  49(6) . doi: 10.1111/eci.13097
• Helsingen, Lise M.; Vandvik, Per Olav; Jodal, Henriette C.; Murphy, Silje Bjerkelund; Heen, Anja Fog; Kalager, Mette & Bretthauer, Michael (2019). Tarmkreftscreening, eller ikke?. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  139(15) . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.19.0323
• Holme, Øyvind; Bretthauer, Michael; Løberg, Magnus; Kalager, Mette & Adami, Hans Olov (2019). Revisiting surveillance schemes for cancer survivors. Annals of Oncology.  ISSN 0923-7534.  30(6), s 881- 883 . doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdz107
• Kalager, Mette (2019). StatMed - den nye oljen?. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  139(9) . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.19.0349
• Refsum, Erle; Helsingen, Lise M.; Jodal, Henriette Cecilie; Løberg, Magnus; Høstmælingen, Njål & Kalager, Mette (2019). Personvern – en hinderløype. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  139(4), s 1- 3 . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.19.0077
• Bretthauer, Michael; Kalager, Mette & Weinberg, David S. (2018). From Colorectal Cancer Screening Guidelines to Headlines: Beware!. Annals of Internal Medicine.  ISSN 0003-4819.  170(10), s 733- 740 . doi: 10.7326/L19-0086
• Halvorsen, Jon Anders; Løberg, Magnus; Gjersvik, Petter; Roscher, Ingrid; Veierød, Marit Bragelien; Robsahm, Trude Eid; Nilsen, Lill Tove Norvang; Kalager, Mette & Bretthauer, Michael (2018). Why a randomized melanoma screening trial is not a good idea. British Journal of Dermatology.  ISSN 0007-0963.  179, s 532- 533 . doi: 10.1111/bjd.16784
• Holme, Øyvind; Løberg, Magnus Bjørson; Kalager, Mette; Bretthauer, Michael & Hoff, Geir (2018). In response. Annals of Internal Medicine.  ISSN 0003-4819.  169(9), s 663- 664 . doi: 10.7326/L18-0512
• Jodal, Henriette Cecilie; Løberg, Magnus; Emilsson, Louise; Adami, Hans Olov; Bretthauer, Michael & Kalager, Mette (2018). Surveillance after Adenoma Removal (SAR): en case-kohort studie.
• Juul, Frederik Emil; Garborg, Kjetil Kjeldstad; Bretthauer, Michael; Kalager, Mette; Midtvedt, Tore; Furholm, Siv; Helsingen, Lise M.; Valeur, Jørgen; Skudal, Hilde Kristin; Seip, Birgitte Karen Berggreen; Wiig, Håvard; Holme, Øyvind; Rose, Øystein; Lamont, J. Thomas; Løberg, Magnus; Adami, Hans Olov & Øines, Mari Nanna (2018). Fecal microbiota transplantation versus antibiotics for primary Clostridium difficile infection - a multicenter, randomized proof-of-concept trial.
• Juul, Frederik Emil; Skudal, Hilde Kristin; Øines, Mari Nanna; Wiig, Håvard; Rose, Øystein; Seip, Birgitte Karen Berggreen; Valeur, Jørgen; Midtvedt, Tore; Kalager, Mette; Holme, Øyvind; Adami, Hans Olov; Løberg, Magnus; Garborg, Kjetil Kjeldstad & Bretthauer, Michael (2018). Fecal microbiota transplant in primary Clostridium difficile infection - a proof-of-concept trial.
• Kalager, Mette (2018). Helse uten kunnskap?. Tidsskriftet Den norske legeforening.  (5), s 138 . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.17.12.024
• Kalager, Mette & Bretthauer, Michael (2018). When no guideline recommendation is the best recommendation.. The Lancet.  ISSN 0140-6736.  392(10151), s 898- 899 . doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31671-4
• Løberg, Magnus; Kalager, Mette & Hoff, Geir (2018). Tailoring the message with selective reporting. European Journal of Epidemiology (EJE).  ISSN 0393-2990. . doi: 10.1007/s10654-018-0416-6
• Holme, Øyvind; Løberg, Magnus; Bretthauer, Michael & Kalager, Mette (2017). Authors' reply to Doherty and Hawkins. BMJ. British Medical Journal.  ISSN 1756-1833.  356 . doi: 10.1136/bmj.j1267
• Jørgensen, Karsten Juhl; Gøtzsche, Peter C.; Kalager, Mette & Zahl, Per Henrik (2017). In response. Annals of Internal Medicine.  ISSN 0003-4819.  167(7), s 524- 524 . doi: 10.7326/L17-0270
• Kalager, Mette (2017). Breast cancer screening. BMJ (Clinical Research Edition).  ISSN 0959-8138.  359 . doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.j5625
• Kalager, Mette (2017). Del data. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  137(10), s 679- 679 . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.17.0446
• Kalager, Mette; Juhl Jørgensen, Karsten; Gøtzsche, Peter C. & Zahl, Per-Henrik (2017). Breast Cancer Screening in Denmark.. Annals of Internal Medicine.  ISSN 0003-4819. . doi: 10.7326/L17-0270
• Kalager, Mette & Stoltenberg, Camilla (2017). Screening for den enkelte og kunnskap for alle. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  137:858(12), s 1- 2 . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.17.0445
• Løberg, Magnus; Holme, Øyvind; Bretthauer, Michael & Kalager, Mette (2017). Colorectal adenomas, surveillance, and cancer. The Lancet Oncology.  ISSN 1470-2045.  18:e427(8), s 1- 1 . doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(17)30473-4
• Løberg, Magnus; Holme, Øyvind & Kalager, Mette (2017). Aspirin, colorectal cancer, and cause of death: A complex landscape. Journal of Clinical Oncology.  ISSN 0732-183X.  35(5), s 568- 569 . doi: 10.1200/JCO.2016.70.3751
• Olsen, Sofia E.Gustafsson; Bretthauer, Michael & Kalager, Mette (2017). Mer til skade enn til gagn - hvor mye skal pasientene vite? [More harm than benefit - how much should the patients know?]. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  137(3), s 175- 176 . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.16.0954
• Olsen, Sofia E.Gustafsson; Bretthauer, Michael & Kalager, Mette (2017). S.E. Olsen og medarbeidere svarer. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  137(9), s 599- 599 . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.17.0296
• Bretthauer, Michael; Kalager, Mette; Adami, Hans Olov & Hoff, Geir (2016). Who Is for CO2? Slow Adoption of Carbon Dioxide Insufflation in Colonoscopy. Annals of Internal Medicine.  ISSN 0003-4819.  165(2), s 145- 6 . doi: 10.7326/M16-0209
• Bretthauer, Michael; Kaminski, Michal Filip; Hassan, Cecare; Kalager, Mette; Holme, Øyvind; Hoff, Geir; Løberg, Magnus; Regula, Jaroslaw; Castells, A & Adami, Hans Olov (2016). America, We Are Confused: The Updated U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation on Colorectal Cancer Screening. Annals of Internal Medicine.  ISSN 0003-4819.  166(2), s 139- 140 . doi: 10.7326/M16-1805
• Jodal, Henriette Cecilie; Løberg, Magnus; Adami, Hans Olov; Bretthauer, Michael; Hoff, Geir & Kalager, Mette (2016). Interval Colorectal Cancers after Screening - More Aggressive than Clinical Cancers?.
• Kalager, Mette; Adami, Hans Olov & Bretthauer, Michael (2016). Recognizing data generation. New England Journal of Medicine.  ISSN 0028-4793.  374(19), s 1898- 1898 . doi: 10.1056/NEJMc1603789
• Kalager, Mette; Hagen, Eirik M. & Helsingen, Lise M. (2016). Farlig forretning på frykt. Dagens næringsliv.  ISSN 0803-9372.  127(278), s 30- 30
• Løberg, Magnus; Emilsson, Louise; Jodal, Henriette Cecilie; Bretthauer, Michael; Holme, Øyvind; Adami, Hans Olov & Kalager, Mette (2016). Surveillance After Adenoma Removal: Does It Make a Difference?.
• Løberg, Magnus; Kalager, Mette & Bretthauer, Michael (2016). "Randomize, Then Consent" or "Consent, Then Randomize"?: Revitalizing the Issue of Preconsent Randomization.. Epidemiology.  ISSN 1044-3983. . doi: 10.1097/EDE.0000000000000469
• Schei, Edvin & Kalager, Mette (2016). Annerledes tenkende angstfri. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  136(14/15), s 1212- 1214 . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.16.0517
• Frich, Jan C; Kalager, Mette & Bretthauer, Michael (2015). Samvalg er et dårlig begrep. Aftenposten (morgenutg. : trykt utg.).  ISSN 0804-3116.  s 12- 12
• Bretthauer, Michael; Løberg, Magnus & Kalager, Mette (2014). The authors reply. New England Journal of Medicine.  ISSN 0028-4793.  371(21), s 2036- 2037 . doi: 10.1056/NEJMc1411954
• Holme, Øyvind; Løberg, Magnus & Kalager, Mette (2014). In reply. Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA).  ISSN 0098-7484.  312(22), s 2411- 2412 . doi: 10.1001/jama.2014.14695
• Kalager, Mette (2014). Overdiagnosis in breast cancer screening: women have minimal prior awareness of the issue, and their screening intentions are influenced by the size of the risk. Evidence-Based Nursing.  ISSN 1367-6539. . doi: 10.1136/eb-2013-101281
• Kalager, Mette; Adami, Hans Olov & Bretthauer, Michael (2014). Too much mammography. BMJ (Clinical Research Edition).  ISSN 0959-8138.  348 . doi: 10.1136/bmj.g1403
• Kalager, Mette & Bretthauer, Michael (2014). Bartens dårlige venner. Dagbladet.  ISSN 0805-3766.
• Roksund, Gisle; Bretthauer, Michael & Kalager, Mette (2014). En epidemi av diagnoser, ikke sykdom. Aftenposten (morgenutg. : trykt utg.).  ISSN 0804-3116.
• Kalager, Mette; Løberg, Magnus & Bretthauer, Michael (2013). Limited use of nonprogram screening in Norway. International Journal of Cancer.  ISSN 0020-7136.  132(7), s 1723- 1724 . doi: 10.1002/ijc.27807
• Kalager, Mette; Løberg, Magnus; Fønnebø, Vinjar & Bretthauer, Michael (2013). Failure to account for selection-bias. International Journal of Cancer.  ISSN 0020-7136.  133(11), s 2751- 2753 . doi: 10.1002/ijc.28244
• Kalager, Mette; Adami, Hans Olov; Bretthauer, Michael & Tamimi, Rulla M. (2012). Overdiagnosis of Invasive Breast Cancer due to Mammography Screening RESPONSE. Annals of Internal Medicine.  ISSN 0003-4819.  157(3), s 221- 222
• Berstad, Paula Marianna; Loberg, Magnus; Kalager, Mette; Jørgensen, Anita; Garborg, Kjetil Kjeldstad; Ruud, Hans-Kristian; Bretthauer, Michael & Hoff, Geir (2012). Risk Stratification for Advanced Colorectal Neoplasia. Cancer Prevention Research.  ISSN 1940-6207.  5(12), s 1405- 1405 . doi: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-12-0383
• Bretthauer, Michael & Kalager, Mette (2012). Colonoscopy as a Triage Screening Test. New England Journal of Medicine.  ISSN 0028-4793.  366(8), s 759- 760
• Bretthauer, Michael & Kalager, Mette (2012). Colorectal-Cancer Screening Reply. New England Journal of Medicine.  ISSN 0028-4793.  366(22), s 2131- 2131
• Garborg, Kjetil Kjeldstad; Loberg, Magnus; Matre, Jon; Holme, Øyvind; Kalager, Mette; Hoff, Geir & Bretthauer, Michael (2012). Improved Colonoscopy Screening With an Ultra Thin Colonoscope: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.  ISSN 0016-5107.  75(4), s 179- 180
• Jørgensen, K; Kalager, Mette; Zahl, Per Henrik & Fønnebø, Vinjar (2012). Comparing attendees with non-attendees in breast screening does not provide useful information about an effect on prognostic features or mortality. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment.  ISSN 0167-6806.  136(2), s 617- 618 . doi: 10.1007/s10549-012-2250-y
• Kalager, Mette (2012). Letter to the Editor: Hofvind S. Skaane P. Stage distribution of breast cancer diagnosed before and after implementation of population-based mammographic screening. Fortschr Rontgenstr 2012; 184: 437-442. RöFo. Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren (Print).  ISSN 1438-9029.  184(8), s 746- 746
• Kalager, Mette (2012). Primum non nocere. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  (4), s 132- 132 . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.12.0079
• Smith, Robert A.; Kerlikowske, Karla; Miglioretti, Diana L. & Kalager, Mette (2012). Mammography Screening for Breast Cancer. New England Journal of Medicine.  ISSN 0028-4793.  367(21) . doi: 10.1056/NEJMclde1212888

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