Publications from Institute of Health and Society

• Simonsen, Cecilia Smith; Flemmen, Heidi Øyen; Lauritzen, Trine; Berg-Hansen, Pål; Moen, Stine Marit & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen (2020). The diagnostic value of IgG index versus oligoclonal bands in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis Journal, Experimental, Translational and Clinical.  ISSN 2055-2173.  6(1) . doi: 10.1177/2055217319901291 Show summary

  Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis have been developed to guide the diagnostic process. In the latest revision of the McDonald criteria, the presence of oligoclonal bands may replace the need for dissemination in time. The aim of this study is to investigate if the less time-consuming analysis of immunoglobulin G index in cerebrospinal fluid can safely predict the findings of oligoclonal bands. This is a retrospective study of patients with multiple sclerosis at three hospitals in South-East Norway where lumbar puncture is performed routinely. We included patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis after 2005 with known oligoclonal band status and an immunoglobulin G index score. Of 1295 patients diagnosed during or after 2005, 93.8% were oligoclonal band positive at diagnosis. Of 842 multiple sclerosis patients with known immunoglobulin G index and oligoclonal band status, 93.3% were oligoclonal band positive and 76.7% had an elevated immunoglobulin G index. The positive predictive value of a high immunoglobulin G index when oligoclonal bands are positive was 99.4% (95% confidence interval 98.4-99.8%). The negative predictive value of a normal immunoglobulin G index when oligoclonal bands are negative was 26.5% (95% confidence interval 23.5-29.9%). An immunoglobulin G index >0.7 has a positive predictive value >99% for oligoclonal bands. An elevated immunoglobulin G index adds diagnostic value versus oligoclonal bands and saves time in the diagnostic process.

• Semakula, Daniel; Nsangi, Allen; Oxman, Andrew David; Glenton, Claire; Lewin, Simon Arnold; Rosenbaum, Sarah Ellen; Oxman, Matt; Kaseje, Margaret; Dahlgren, Astrid; Rose, Christopher James; Fretheim, Atle & Sewankambo, Nelson (2019). Informed Health Choices media intervention for improving people's ability to critically appraise the trustworthiness of claims about treatment effects: A mixed-methods process evaluation of a randomised trial in Uganda. BMJ Open.  ISSN 2044-6055.  9:e031510(12), s 1- 17 . doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031510
• Semakula, Daniel; Nsangi, Allen; Oxman, Andrew David; Glenton, Claire; Lewin, Simon Arnold; Rosenbaum, Sarah Ellen; Oxman, Matt; Kaseje, Margaret; Dahlgren, Astrid; Rose, Christopher James; Fretheim, Atle & Sewankambo, Nelson (2019). Informed Health Choices media intervention for improving people’s ability to critically appraise the trustworthiness of claims about treatment effects: a mixed-methods process evaluation of a randomised trial in Uganda. BMJ Open.  ISSN 2044-6055.  9(12) . doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031510
• Madireddy, Lohith; Patsopoulos, Nikolaos A.; Cotsapas, Chris; Bos, Steffan Daniel; Beecham, Ashley; McCauley, Jacob; Kim, Kicheol; Jia, Xiaoming; Santaniello, Adam; Caillier, Stacy J.; Andlauer, Till F.M.; Barcellos, Lisa F.; Berge, Tone; Bernardinelli, Luisa; Martinelli-Boneschi, Filippo; Booth, David R.; Briggs, Farren; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Comabella, Manuel; Comi, Giancarlo; Cree, Bruce A.C.; D'Alfonso, Sandra; Dedham, Katrina; Duquette, Pierre; Efthimios, Dardiotis; Esposito, Federica; Fontaine, Bertrand; Gasperi, Christiane; Goris, An; Dubois, Bénédicte; Gourraud, Pierre-Antoine; Hadjigeorgiou, Georgios; Haines, Jonathan; Hawkins, Clive; Hemmer, Bernhard; Hintzen, Rogier; Horakova, Dana; Isobe, Noriko; Kalra, Seema; Kira, Jun-ichi; Khalil, Michael; Kockum, Ingrid; Lill, Christina M.; Lincoln, Matthew R; Luessi, Felix; Martin, Roland; Oturai, Annette; Palotie, Aarno; Pericak-Vance, Margaret A.; Henry, Roland; Saarela, Janna; Ivinson, Adrian; Olsson, Tomas; Taylor, Bruce V.; Stewart, Graeme J.; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Compston, Alastair; Hauser, Stephen L.; Hafler, David A.; Zipp, Frauke; De Jager, Philip; Sawcer, Stephen; Oksenberg, Jorge R. & Baranzini, Sergio E. (2019). A systems biology approach uncovers cell-specific gene regulatory effects of genetic associations in multiple sclerosis. Nature Communications.  ISSN 2041-1723.  10:2236, s 1- 12 . doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-09773-y
• Alves, Daniele Evelin; Nilsen, Wendy; Fure, Silje Christine Reistad; Enehaug, Heidi; Howe, Emilie; Løvstad, Marianne; Fink, Louisa; Hadzic-Andelic, Nada & Spjelkavik, Øystein (2019). What characterises work and workplaces that retain their employees following acquired brain injury? Systematic review. Occupational and Environmental Medicine.  ISSN 1351-0711.  77(2), s 122- 130 . doi: 10.1136/oemed-2019-106102 Show summary

  The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review assessing workplace factors related to work retention (or return to work) in employees with acquired brain injury (ABI). Additionally, we aimed to synthesise the evidence and state of knowledge on this subject. A database search was performed in nine relevant electronic databases. Inclusion criteria were quantitative peer-reviewed publications empirically investigating the relationship between work/workplace factors and work retention in employees following ABI. The methodological quality was determined by Effective Public Health Practice Project scoring, and evidence was synthesised narratively. Thirteen studies were included. We found moderate evidence for a negative relationship between manual work and work retention. We also found limited evidence for a U-shaped relationship between workload and complete work retention at 6 months and no relationship at 12 months; a positive relationship between managers, compared with non-managers, and faster work retention; a positive relationship between large enterprise size defined as ≥250 employees, and no relationship between large enterprise size, defined as ≥1000 employees, and work retention. Relative to individual factors, there is little evidence on specific workplace factors’ relationship to work retention among employees with ABI. For most workplace factors, there were too few high-quality studies to designate evidence as more than limited or insufficient. Future studies should replicate rigorous studies of well-defined modifiable workplace factors related to work retention.

• Kabashi, Saranda; Vindenes, Vigdis; Bryun, Eugeniy Alekseevich; Koshkina, Evgenia A.; Nadezhdin, Alexey V.; Tetenova, Elena J.; Kolgashkin, Alexey J.; Petukhov, Alexey E.; Perekhodov, S.N.; Davydova, Erna; Gamboa, Danil; Hilberg, Thor; Lerdal, Anners; Nordby, Gudmund; Zhang, Chi & Bogstrand, Stig Tore (2019). Harmful alcohol use among acutely ill hospitalized medical patients in Oslo and Moscow: A cross-sectional study. Drug and Alcohol Dependence.  ISSN 0376-8716.  204:107588, s 1- 9 . doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107588
• Lothe, Lise Raven; Raven, Timothy John Lothe; Sandbæk, Gunnar & Eken, Torsten (2019). Single-motor-unit discharge characteristics in lumbar multifidus muscle of acute low back pain patients. Journal of Neurophysiology.  ISSN 0022-3077.  122(4), s 1373- 1385 . doi: 10.1152/jn.00004.2019
• Sundin, Ulf Gunnar; Østergaard, Mikkel; Glinatsi, Daniel; Aga, Anna-Birgitte; Hørslev-Petersen, Kim; Hetland, Merete L.; Stengard-Pedersen, Kristian; Junker, Peter; Ejbjerg, Bo J.; Bird, Paul; Conaghan, Philip G.; Lillegraven, Siri & Haavardsholm, Espen A. (2019). Validity and responsiveness of combined inflammation and combined joint damage scores based on the OMERACT rheumatoid arthritis MRI scoring system (RAMRIS). Journal of Rheumatology.  ISSN 0315-162X.  46(9), s 1222- 1227 . doi: 10.3899/jrheum.181064
• Petosic, Antonija; Sunde, Kjetil; Beeckman, Dimitri; Flaatten, Hans & Wøien, Hilde (2019). Use of social media for communicating about critical care topics: A Norwegian cross-sectional survey. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica.  ISSN 0001-5172.  63(10), s 1398- 1405 . doi: 10.1111/aas.13449
• Acham, Merab; Wesselius, Anke; van Osch, Frits H.M.; Yu, Evan Yi-Wen; van den Brandt, Piet A.; White, Emily; Adami, Hans Olov; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Brinkman, Maree; Giles, Graham G.; Milne, Roger L. & Zeegers, Maurice P. (2019). Intake of milk and other dairy products and the risk of bladder cancer: a pooled analysis of 13 cohort studies. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition.  ISSN 0954-3007.  s 1- 8 . doi: 10.1038/s41430-019-0453-6
• Lichtwarck, Bjørn; Myhre, Janne; Selbæk, Geir; Kirkevold, Øyvind; Rokstad, Anne Marie Mork; Saltyte Benth, Jurate & Bergh, Sverre (2019). TIME to reduce agitation in persons with dementia in nursing homes : a process evaluation of a complex intervention. BMC Health Services Research.  ISSN 1472-6963.  19, s 1- 16 . doi: 10.1186/s12913-019-4168-0 Full text in Research Archive. Show summary

  Background: The Targeted Intervention Interdisciplinary Model for Evaluation and Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms (TIME) has recently in a three-month cluster randomised controlled trial demonstrated reduction in agitation in nursing home residents with dementia. To ease replication and future implementation, and to clarify possible causal mechanisms, we performed a process evaluation of the intervention based on the RE-AIM framework (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance). Methods: An exploratory and a quasi-experimental design with mixed methods were used. The RE-AIM dimensions were explored by questionnaires to 807 staff members and 46 leading ward nurses in both the intervention nursing homes (INH) and the control nursing homes (CNH), before the start of the trial (baseline), and six and 12 months later. These questionnaires assessed data regarding the reach, effectiveness (staff level) and adoption dimensions. To assess implementation, we used a checklist for performance of the main components in TIME and analysed the minutes from 84 case conferences in the INH. To explore adoption and maintenance, five focus group interviews with 32 participants from the staff in the INH were conducted three to 6 months after the end of the trial. Results: Reach: On average 61% (SD 22) of the staff in each ward in the INH attended the training sessions. Effectiveness at staff level: There were no between-group differences throughout the study period for attitudes towards dementia, perceived competence or perception of mastery and social interaction. Adoption: 16 of the 17 INH completed the intervention. Implementation: 75% or more of the components of TIME were performed for 91% of the included residents. Maintenance: Most of the nursing homes used TIME three to 6 months after the end of the trial. An easy to grasp model and an engaged leadership facilitated the intervention and maintenance. Conclusions: A high degree of reach, adoption, implementation and maintenance contributed to the effectiveness of TIME at resident level. One other causal assumption of the effectiveness of TIME is the development in the staff of a new, shared and situated knowledge about each individual resident, not reflected by measurements in general knowledge and attitudes.

• Gaasø, Ole Marius; Rø, Karin Isaksson; Bringedal, Berit & Magelssen, Morten (2019). Legers holdninger til aktiv dødshjelp. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  139(1), s 1- 7 . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.18.0391
• Løvgren, André; Røssberg, Jan Ivar; Nilsen, Liv; Engebretsen, Eivind & Ulberg, Randi (2019). How do adolescents with depression experience improvement in psychodynamic psychotherapy? A qualitative study. BMC Psychiatry.  ISSN 1471-244X.  19 . doi: 10.1186/s12888-019-2080-0 Show summary

  Background There is emerging evidence for the effectiveness of psychodynamic psychotherapy for depressive disorders. However, we know less of how this relation-focused therapy mode is experienced and what the patients themselves identify as helpful. Hence, the purpose of this study is to explore adolescents’ experiences of factors promoting improvement in psychodynamic therapy. Methods Eight female patients participating in a Norwegian study on psychodynamic therapy, the First Experimental Study of Transference Work – In Teenagers (FEST-IT), were included. The participants were offered a total number of 28 sessions. Semi-structured qualitative interviews about experiences with therapy were then conducted and analysed with systematic text condensation and hermeneutic interpretation. Results The analysis revealed four main themes. ‘Exploring oneself’ comprises autonomy and acknowledgment, openness, insight and acceptance of oneself. ‘Therapist relation and characteristics’ includes confidence and trust in and support from the therapist as well as having a trustworthy and experienced therapist. ‘Focusing on everyday life’ includes learning and practical orientation. ‘Time factors’ refers to duration and frequency. Conclusions Together with a supportive and listening therapist, the adolescents improve by exploring themselves within the frames of a time-limited treatment period. Improvement seems to be experienced through better relations to oneself and to others and by finding one’s place in the family, or at school. Adolescents value problem solving and help with concrete challenges. Hence, therapy should be tailored to the needs of adolescents with depression and incorporate the challenges they face in their everyday life.

View all works in Cristin

• Westberg, Nina Buvik; Skjeflo, Sofie Waage; Hveem, Ellen Balke; Pedersen, Simen; Øien, Henning; Sørvoll, Jardar; Iversen, Tor; Hagen, Terje P. & Grimsby, Gjermund (2019). Evaluering av investeringstilskudd til omsorgsboliger og sykehjem.
• Adami, Hans Olov; Kalager, Mette; Valdimarsdottir, Unnur; Bretthauer, Michael & Ioannidis, John P.A. (2019). Author Reply to: The name of the game: Is preventive screening ?cancer screening??. European Journal of Clinical Investigation.  ISSN 0014-2972.  49(6) . doi: 10.1111/eci.13097
• Rasmussen, Mari Storli; Andelic, Nada; Nordenmark, Tonje Haug; Arango-Lasprilla, Juan Carlos & Søberg, Helene L. (2019). The Family as a Resource for Improved Patient and Family Functioning After Traumatic Brain Injury – Preliminary Description of Baseline Functioning in a Study Population. Brain Injury.  ISSN 0269-9052. . doi: 10.1080/02699052.2019.1608749
• Klohe, Katharina; Amuasi, John; Kaducu, Joyce Moriku; Haavardsson, Ingeborg K; Bogatyreva, Ekaterina; Onarheim, Kristine Husøy; Harrison, Wendy; Kristensen, Frederik; Prazeres da Costa, Clarissa & Winkler, Andrea Sylvia (2019). The 2017 Oslo conference report on neglected tropical diseases and emerging/re-emerging infectious diseases - Focus on populations underserved. Infectious Diseases of Poverty.  ISSN 2049-9957.  8:40, s 1- 10 . doi: 10.1186/s40249-019-0550-8
• Howe, Emilie Isager; Fure, Silje Christine Reistad; Linnestad, Anne-Margrethe; Ugelstad, Helene; SPJELKAVIK, Øystein; Enehaug, Heidi; Røe, Cecilie; Hellstrøm, Torgeir; Twamley, Elizabeth; Løvstad, Marianne & Andelic, Nada (2019). Participants’ Satisfaction with Compensatory Cognitive Training (CCT) as Part of a Vocational Rehabilitation Program. Brain Injury.  ISSN 0269-9052.  33, s 192- 193 . doi: 10.1080/02699052.2019.1608749
• Linnestad, Anne-Margrethe; Løvstad, Marianne; Howe, Emilie Isager; Fure, Silje Christine Reistad; SPJELKAVIK, Øystein; Enehaug, Heidi; Groven, Karen Synne & Andelic, Nada (2019). There are Ups and Downs While Slowly Moving Forward, In a Way: Stories of Improvement and Treatment After Mild and Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury. Brain Injury.  ISSN 0269-9052.  33, s 182 . doi: 10.1080/02699052.2019.1608749
• Lette, Manon; Ambugo, Eliva; Hagen, Terje P.; Stoop, Annerieke; Nijpels, Giel; Baan, Caroline & de Bruin, Simone R. (2019). Oral presentation. "Addressing safety in integrated care programs for older adults living at home: A systematic scoping review"..

View all works in Cristin