Siste publikasjoner fra Institutt for helse og samfunn

• Nordenfelt, Lennart & Hofmann, Bjørn Morten (2027). Dignity. I Nesi, Hilary & Milin, Petar (Red.), Reference Module in Social Sciences. Elsevier. ISSN 9780443157851. s. 1–7. doi: 10.1016/b978-0-443-15715-8.00018-2. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Yusuf, Mariam Florence (2026). COVID-19 Vaccination, Reproductive Vigilance, and the Afterlives of Extraction. Anthropology Today. ISSN 0268-540X. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Siqueira, José F.; Neves, Monica S.; Provenzano, José C.; Campello, Andrea F.; Mdala, Ibrahimu & Alves, Flávio R.F. [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Factors Influencing the Outcome of Root Canal Treatment of Teeth With Apical Periodontitis as Related to Molecular Microbiological Findings. Journal of Endodontics. ISSN 0099-2399. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2026.09.002. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hermansen, Karin Berg; Sævareid, Trygve Johannes Lereim; Pedersen, Reidar; Alnes, Rigmor Grete Einang; Brøderud, Linn & Romøren, Maria [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Healthcare professionals’ experiences of advance care planning conversations with frail older adults admitted to acute geriatric hospital units: a nested qualitative study. BMC Health Services Research. 26. doi: 10.1186/s12913-026-15112-x. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background: Advance care planning can support frail older adults, their next of kin, and healthcare professionals by clarifying patients’ values and preferences and improving communication toward the end of life. Despite these benefits, advance care planning remains underutilized, particularly among frail older adults with complex needs. Limited research has explored healthcare professionals’ experiences with initiating it in acute geriatric settings. As part of a broader research project focused on implementing advance care planning for older adults admitted to acute geriatric hospital units, this study aimed to explore healthcare professionals’ experiences with initiating these conversations. Methods: A qualitative sub-study, nested within a cluster randomized controlled trial, was conducted with implementation teams and other healthcare professionals from the six geriatric units in the intervention arm. They had recently started engaging in advance care planning with frail, acutely ill older patients and their next of kin. Data were collected through four focus groups and four dyadic interviews, involving a total of 24 participants. The data was analysed by using reflexive thematic analysis. Results: Four themes developed as perceived benefits: (1) Amplifies the patients’ voice, (2) Improves communication with next of kin, (3) Influences treatment decisions and may avoid overtreatment (4) Contributes to meaningful work. Two themes developed as perceived challenges: (1) Uncertainty regarding the ACP documentation, (2) ACP conversations require dedicated time and focus. Conclusion: This study revealed that advance care planning conversations in acute geriatric hospital units can amplify patients’ voices and promote their participation in decision-making. Discussions about existential topics appear beneficial and rewarding for patients, next of kin and healthcare professionals, both for in-moment and future decisions. Time constraints may have led to missed opportunities to initiate ACP conversations with patients before the end of life, while documentation issues may have limited their impact on continuity of care. Trial registration https://ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT05681585. Registered 03.01.23.

• Modgil, Vinay; Sahay, Sundeep; Mukherjee, Arunima; Surial, Rashmi; Sinha, Oshin & Kumar, Sahil [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). A multi-seasonal mixed-method point-prevalence study of antibiotic prescription patterns in a tertiary healthcare facility in India. EMJ Microbiology & Infectious Diseases . s. 52–55. doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9029871/v1. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Abstract Background Point prevalence surveys (PPS) are a core tool of the WHO Global Action Plan on antimicrobial resistance (AMR), yet their implementation in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) remains limited by weak prescribing and surveillance systems. We conducted a multiseasonal mixed-method PPS, integrating quantitative prescribing data with qualitative ward observations, and the behavioural and operational factors shaping antibiotic prescribing and use of culture testing in a tertiary-care hospital in northern India. Methods A hospital-wide PPS was conducted across autumn (November 2023), summer (April 2024), monsoon (August 2024), and winter (January 2025), with each phase comprising a two-week data collection episode, following WHO Global-PPS methodology. Data were collected from five inpatient departments (Medicine, Surgery, Obstetrics-Gynaecology, adult, paediatric, and neonatal intensive care units (ICUs) using standardised forms. Quantitative data on indications, routes, and AWaRe categories were supplemented with ward observations and inpatient follow-up to assess culture testing, antibiotic sensitivity test (AST) use, and treatment modifications. Results A total of 1,680 inpatients were surveyed. Ceftriaxone (30–33%), Piperacillin–tazobactam (9–20%), and Doxycycline (8–16%) were the top prescribed antibiotics. Azithromycin use dropped sharply after the first phase. Amikacin (6–9%) and Meropenem prescribing (4–7%) remained low. Empirical prescribing dominated (63–67%), while culture-guided therapy remained ≤ 6%. Over 80% of antibiotics were given parenterally. Watch antibiotics accounted for 46–56% of prescriptions, Access 35–51%, and Reserve ≤ 4%. Prophylactic use ranged from 24–30%, and combination therapy was common in the ICU. Clinical diagnoses showed seasonal variation, with gastrointestinal (20–22%) and chronic conditions (17–23%) most frequent, and respiratory infections (3–9%) peaking in monsoon and winter. Antibiotic modification following AST occurred in only 4.7–6.5% of cases. Qualitative findings highlighted stock-outs of oral antibiotics, delays in culture sampling, and documentation gaps during patient transfers, limited stewardship activities, collectively reinforcing broad-spectrum empirical use. Conclusions This PPS found high empirical and broad-spectrum antibiotic use, limited culture-based prescribing, and systemic gaps hindering stewardship. Strengthening diagnostic access and use, ensuring drug availability, and embedding multidisciplinary stewardship teams with real-time feedback are essential to promote evidence-based prescribing in resource-limited settings.

• Birkeli, Gørill; Thomas, Owen Matthew Truscott; Ballangrud, Randi; Deilkås, Ellen Catharina Tveter & Lindahl, Anne Karin (2026). No effect of learning from excellence on patient safety culture in a postanaesthesia care unit: a longitudinal quasi-experimental study. BMC Health Services Research. 26(1). doi: 10.1186/s12913-026-15405-1. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Modgil, Vinay; Sahay, Sundeep; Singh, Ravikant; Mukherjee, Arunima Sehgal; Surial, Rashmi & Bhoi, Bibekananda (2026). Health-system drivers of outpatient antibiotic use: evidence from prescribing, centralized supply, and catchment populations in public tertiary hospitals in Bihar, India. Frontiers in Health Services. 6. doi: 10.3389/frhs.2026.1800794. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background: In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), antibiotic use is shaped not only by clinical decision-making but also by health-system factors such as centralized drug procurement, supply availability, and population catchment pressures. However, empirical evidence linking outpatient prescribing patterns with state-level antibiotic supply and catchment characteristics remains limited. Bihar, one of India's most populous and resource-constrained states, represents a critical yet under-studied setting for understanding these interactions. Methods: We conducted a multicentre observational study across three public tertiary care hospitals in Bihar, SKMCH Muzaffarpur, DMCH Darbhanga, and JLNMCH Bhagalpur, using outpatient prescription data collected between 2023 and 2025 (n = 8,822). These data were triangulated with state-level antibiotic supply records from the Bihar Medical Services and Infrastructure Corporation Limited (BMSICL) for 2022–2025 and secondary data describing hospital catchment populations. Prescribing indicators, WHO AWaRe classification, essential drug list (EDL) status, and supply–prescription concordance were analysed to assess alignment with antimicrobial stewardship goals. Results: Across all sites, outpatient antibiotic use was characterized by high polypharmacy (4–4.7 drugs per prescription), extensive empirical prescribing, and minimal use of culture-based diagnostics (≤2.6%). Broad-spectrum antibiotics dominated prescribing, with Amoxicillin–Clavulanic acid (42.8%), Azithromycin (13.1%), and Cefixime (6.9%) being most frequently used. While Access-category antibiotic use exceeded 50% at two sites, Watch-category use was disproportionately high at JLNMCH (58%), a hospital serving an extensive rural catchment with long patient travel times. Supply–prescription analysis revealed strong alignment for commonly used antibiotics, indicating stable state-level procurement patterns; however, the continued use of Watch-category and non-EDL antibiotics, including Moxifloxacin, raised stewardship concerns. Notably, irrational fixed-dose combinations were prescribed despite not being supplied, indicating parallel private-sector access. Generic prescribing exceeded 97% across all sites, reflecting a positive institutional norm. Conclusions: Antibiotic prescribing in Bihar's public tertiary hospitals is influenced by the interactions of centralized supply stability, diagnostic constraints, and catchment-level pressures rather than prescriber behaviour alone. Persistent availability of broad-spectrum antibiotics through state procurement may be associated with entrenched prescribing patterns, particularly in high-volume, rural-serving facilities. Effective antimicrobial stewardship in such settings requires context-sensitive strategies that integrate supply-chain reform, strengthened diagnostic pathways, and locally tailored prescriber support, moving beyond uniform, guideline-only approaches.

• Triantafyllou, Konstantinos; Tziatzios, Georgios; Tham, Tony C.; Beilenhoff, Ulrike; Lorenzo-Zúñiga, Vicente & Pouw, Roos E. [Vis alle 24 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Sedation for gastrointestinal endoscopy: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) and European Society of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Nurses and Associates (ESGENA) Guideline. Endoscopy. ISSN 0013-726X. doi: 10.1055/a-2898-6540. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Lothe, Lise Raven; Raven, Timothy John Lothe; Sandbæk, Gunnar & Eken, Torsten (2026). Spinal manipulation in acute low back pain patients is associated with reduced motor-unit firing variability without altering bilateral coordination: a single-motor-unit EMG study of the lumbar multifidus. Chiropractic & Manual Therapies. 34. doi: 10.1186/s12998-026-00664-w. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background The neurophysiology of high velocity, low amplitude spinal manipulation (HVLA-SM) is poorly understood. We have characterized motor unit (MU) discharge in acute low back pain (ALBP) patients after spinal manipulation and compared with pre-manipulation findings in the same subjects. Methods Fine-wire electrodes were implanted bilaterally into the deep lumbar multifidus muscle at the painful spinal level in 9 ALBP patients with pain of less than three weeks duration in March–April 2007. HVLA-SM was applied to the painful spinal level. EMG activity was recorded during manipulation and during spontaneous and voluntary force production while standing and sitting, and individual MUs were identified and their discharge characteristics described. All subjects were compared to their own data recorded before HVLA-SM for effects on gross EMG activity duration, MU discharge rate, interspike interval variability quantified as inter-quartile range for differences between consecutive inter-spike intervals (∆ISI IQR), and common drive coefficient between concurrently active MUs. Results No effects on MU discharge rate were evident in the first seconds after HVLA-SM. ∆ISI IQR was reduced by 5.25 ms (95% confidence interval 0.68–9.82; P = 0.025) after spinal manipulation compared with pre-manipulation findings, while median MU discharge rate and total duration of gross activity remained unchanged. Notably, the common drive coefficient was lower for bilateral than unilateral MU pairs (− 0.149; 95% confidence interval − 0.087 to − 0.210; P < 0.0001). This is in agreement with findings in the same ALBP population before HVLA-SM and in contrast to previous findings during spontaneous standing in pain free subjects, where common drive to uni- and bilateral pairs was not significantly different. MUs showed signs of self-sustained firing, but rotation between units was not observed. Conclusions We have established a methodological framework for future investigations using spontaneous muscle activity rather than forced movements to understand the influence of spinal manipulation on the role of the nervous system in postural support. HVLA-SM was associated with reduced MU firing variability, suggesting a shift toward more stable motoneuron output in the deep lumbar multifidus. Longitudinal recovery data are needed to discriminate whether the reduced common drive to bilateral muscle pairs represents a pre-existing trait or a pain-driven state.

• Hofmann, Bjørn Morten (2026). On the tetrad of human malady: disease, illness, sickness, and existential suffering. Medicine, Health care and Philosophy. ISSN 1386-7423. s. 1–12. doi: 10.1007/s11019-026-10397-5. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The triad of disease, illness, and sickness is well established in the philosophy, sociology, and anthropology of medicine as well as in clinical practice. Nonetheless, the triad is criticized for being too simplistic and for excluding important aspects of human suffering. One such critique is that it does not account for existential suffering, which is especially relevant in severe and life-threatening diseases. Accordingly, this study investigates whether existential suffering adds to the concepts of disease, illness, and sickness making up a tetrad of human malady. To do so, I investigate the concept of existential suffering, which is frequently described in medical terms, is diagnosed, acknowledged by health professionals, managed in treatments and care, and recognized in disease classification systems. Then I present ontological, epistemological, conceptual, normative, and pragmatic justifications for extending the triad of disease, illness, and sickness with existential suffering. Lastly, I will discuss counterarguments and objections to the various justifications. I conclude that on specific premises existential suffering can be a relevant extension of the triad to a tetrad of human malady, especially in cases of severe and life-threatening disease, but that we need to avoid medicalizing existential suffering and making health professionals masters over human meaning-making.

• Løvås, Ina; Landmark, Tormod; Rustøen, Tone; Vedul-Kjelsås, Einar; Butler, Stephen H. & Glette, Mari [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Distribution of chronic primary and secondary pain in a patient sample with psychiatric disorders. Scandinavian Journal of Pain. ISSN 1877-8860. 26(1). doi: 10.1515/sjpain-2026-0025.
• Pedersen, Erlend Refseth; Anke, Audny Gabriele Wagner; Olsen, Monica Isabel Benedikte & Søndenaa, Erik (2026). Characteristics associated with the use of specialized mental healthcare by Norwegian adults with intellectual disability: a cross-sectional study. BMC Health Services Research. 26(1). doi: 10.1186/s12913-026-14713-w. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Rostad, Hanne Marie; Skinner, Marianne Sundlisæter; Burrell, Lisa Victoria; Yang, Fan; Tjerbo, Trond & Vatnøy, Torunn Kitty (2026). Explaining Variation in the Percentage of Admissions for Patients Aged 80 and Over in Municipal InPatient Acute Care Services: A Cross-Sectional Analysis From Norway. Health Services Insights (HSI Journal). 19. doi: 10.1177/11786329261490712. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background Municipal Inpatient Acute Care (MIPAC) units in Norway provide short-term inpatient services, but structural and contextual disparities, spanning resources, competence, and accessibility, may affect utilization patterns. Objectives To examine to what extent variation in the percentage of admissions involving patients aged ≥80 years across MIPAC units is associated with structural and contextual conditions. Design Cross-sectional study using aggregated register and survey data. Methods The analytical sample included 147 MIPAC units, corresponding to 68% of the 215 units in the administrative dataset. Descriptive statistics describe sample characteristics and admissions by age group. Pearson correlations assessed interrelationships and multicollinearity before regression analysis. Results The model explained 38% of the variance. Unit location, registered nurse coverage, and driving distance to the nearest emergency department were associated with the percentage of admissions involving patients aged ≥80 years. Units located in GP out-of-hours clinics had a lower percentage compared to nursing home–based units (B = -17.12, 95% CI [-23.51 to -10.73], β =-0.41, p < 0.001). Greater registered nurse coverage (B = -0.12, 95% CI [-0.22 to -0.02], β = -0.18, p = 0.021) and longer driving distance to the nearest emergency department (B = -0.07, 95% CI [-0.11 to -0.04], β = -0.31, p < 0.001) were also associated with lower percentages. The estimate for the proportion of adults ≥80 years in the MIPAC catchment area was positive, but uncertain, as the confidence interval included zero (B = 1.76, 95% CI [-0.06 to 3.57], β = 0.20, p = 0.057). Conclusion MIPAC admission patterns for the oldest patients were associated with both service configuration and local context. These findings highlight variation in the use of MIPAC services across different units. Future research should examine how structural and contextual factors are related to patterns of MIPAC utilization and explore the mechanisms underlying these associations.

• Heen, Espen Kolstad; Kalvik, Skjalg Tønnessen; Clarke, Sara; Davis, Rachel C.; List, Saskia S. & Chappell, Kendal Gordon [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Design, methods and populations of the CURV-24 study: a global systematic review and meta-analysis of 24-h urine volume and creatinine excretion in community-dwelling adults. Frontiers in Public Health. 14, s. 1–17. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1892695. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Introduction Urinary biomarker concentrations are increasingly used to assess intake, exposure or excretion, often by applying pre-specified 24-h urine volume values or normalization to creatinine based on prediction-derived estimates. However, both urine volume and creatinine excretion rates can vary substantially by sex, BMI, protein and salt intake, ethnicity, food culture, and short- and long-term climate. Ignoring such population-level differences may bias temporal, spatial, and cross population comparisons and undermine the validity of fixed reference ranges. CURV-24 is a global systematic review and meta-analysis designed to investigate this variability and its determinants in community-dwelling populations. The aim of the current article is to present the design and methods of CURV-24. We further describe the included studies and populations. Taken together, readers should be positioned to assess the quality and representativeness of the study data in the forthcoming meta-analyses. Methods Using a broad, piloted syntax, we searched multiple bibliographic databases and registries (Medline, Embase, Web of Science, WHO Global Index Medicus, EBSCO Global Health, Cochrane, PROSPERO) without lan guage restrictions. Records published between 2015 and 2024 were investigated. We included primary studies with at least one timed 24-h urine collection from non-manipulated everyday conditions. Extensive efforts were made to identify companion reports and complementary datasets from authors and repositories. A tailored risk-of-bias and certainty-of-evidence framework, adapted from Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE), was developed to address population, collection, and analytical biases. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) and Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) have guided the development and reporting plans of the project. Results The final dataset comprises 212 studies from 71 countries and 234 national populations, including approximately 270,000 individuals, of whom three-quarters were studied after 2010. About half of the studies examined more than 200 participants and one third used census-based probability sampling. Complete subpopulation data by sex, age, location, and ethnicity are available from a substantial subset of studies. Discussion CURV-24 provides the most extensive synthesis to date of 24-h urine volume and creatinine excretion in populations worldwide. The project is positioned to improve hydration adjustment of urinary biomarkers, challenge fixed “one-size fits-all” assumptions and inform future best-practice guidelines in epidemiologi cal biomarker research. Looking ahead, CURV-24 has the potential to generate hypotheses on the relationship between climate and human hydration. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42024495900 .

• Bodal, Elen; Olsen, Nora Marie Temte; Olsen, Thomas; Edvardsen, Hilde Marie Erøy; Clausen, Thomas & Skurtveit, Svetlana Ondrasova [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Medical and non-medical gabapentinoid use in fatal drug poisonings in Norway: Linked postmortem toxicology and prescription data. Forensic Science International. ISSN 0379-0738. 389, s. 1–8. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2026.113143. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hofsø, Kristin; Rustøen, Tone; Bjordal, Kristin; Hagen, Milada; Aouizerat, B. & Astrup, Guro Lindviksmoen (2026). Association between symptom experience and long-term survival in people treated for cancer. ESMO Open. 11(10), s. 1–7. doi: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2026.108579. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Aars, Ole Kristian & Iversen, Tor (2026). Can nudging increase the uptake of recommended health services? PEC Innovation. 9. doi: 10.1016/j.pecinn.2026.100508. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Objective Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) represents a significant threat to global public health. When supported by their general practitioner (GP), patients who self-manage effectively can prevent or delay serious complications. This study examines whether an innovative information initiative can nudge members of the Norwegian Diabetes Association (NDA) with T2DM to schedule a comprehensive annual checkup with their GP. Methods We randomized 12,484 NDA members with T2DM into an intervention group with two subgroups and a control group with two subgroups. The intervention group received a message describing the health benefits of a comprehensive checkup, a link to an explanatory video, and a prompt to contact their GP to book an appointment. One intervention subgroup received an email followed by an SMS reminder 1 week later (Group 1); the other intervention subgroup received both messages by SMS (Group 2). The control group received no information. All groups were sent a questionnaire 4 weeks after the initial message. Results The overall effect of the intervention was 3.5 percentage points (p = 0.020). Participants in intervention Group 1 initiated a comprehensive annual checkup 4.2 percentage points (p = 0.024) more often than the control group. For Group 2, we did not find a statistically significant effect of the intervention. Conclusion This intervention nudging patients with T2DM to initiate a comprehensive annual checkup had a significant effect, particularly for the group that received initial information by email and a reminder by SMS. Innovation This study adds to the emerging literature on low-cost digital interventions by demonstrating that brief, scalable digital information can increase uptake of guideline-recommended preventive care among patients with T2DM. The findings suggest that such interventions may offer a cost-effective approach to increasing preventive-care uptake, which could in turn help reduce diabetes-related complications at the population level.

• Kildal, Olav Aga; Hollung, Sandra Julsen; Jaioun, Keson & Andersen, Guro Lillemoen (2026). Muscle tone and pain in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology. ISSN 0012-1622. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.70548. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Aim To investigate associations between muscle tone measured using the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) and pain in children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP). Method Children (aged 0–17 years; mean age 10 years 2 months) in the Norwegian Quality and Surveillance Registry for Cerebral Palsy with physical therapy assessments between 2018 and 2021 were included ( n  = 1188; 42.3% female) in this population‐based cross‐sectional study. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association between MAS scores and pain. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reported. Results Pain was experienced by 41.4% ( n  = 492). Risk of pain was highest in children classified in Gross Motor Function Classification System level V (OR = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.21–2.70) and Manual Ability Classification System level V (OR = 2.00, 95% CI = 1.25–3.16), children with bilateral spastic CP (OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.06–1.68) and increasing age (OR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.09–1.15). Pain interfered with sleep in 24.8% ( n  = 122) of children and activities of daily living (ADLs) in 53.0% ( n  = 261) of children. An MAS score of 2 or greater was recorded in 42.3% ( n  = 502), most often in the ankle plantar flexors. Adjusted analyses showed that the highest MAS score was associated with pain interfering with ADLs (adjusted OR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.00–1.96), and an MAS score of 2 or greater with higher pain intensity (adjusted OR = 1.2, 95% CI = 1.01–1.42). Interpretation Pain is common in children with spastic CP, frequently disrupting sleep and ADLs. Higher MAS scores are modestly associated with increased pain intensity and interference, highlighting the need for targeted pain screening strategies.

• Tingvold, Laila; Hellesø, Ragnhild; Obstfelder, Aud Uhlen & Stokke, Randi (2026). When standards fall short: The use of discretion and just allocation of long-term care services in Norway. BMC Health Services Research. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background: Care administrators in long-term care (LTC) are ‘gatekeepers’ to the services and handle applications, investigate care needs, and decide if, what and how much services applicants are entitled to receive. Various models of service allocation have been in operation in the Nordic countries since the inception of LTC services in the 1970s. The main drivers of the development of allocation models have been concerns about service inequality among users, quality of care, patient safety, and the overall efficiency within healthcare settings. While care administrators have several laws and guidelines to aid their decision-making, the use of professional discretion is known to be widespread but less investigated. In the context of Norway, this article seeks to explore: What guides care administrators in reaching decisions? How and in which circumstances is the use of discretion needed in making decisions? Method: Qualitative in-depth interviews with 5 managers in care administration and 13 care administrators in 5 Norwegian municipalities. The material was analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Two main themes were identified. These are Negotiating standards with discretion and collegial discussion, and Complexities in deciding needs and services. Conclusion: Care administrators hold significant responsibility in ensuring fair service allocation. Discretion is a necessary and valuable tool that can strengthen the integrity and trustworthiness of care services. However, increased reforms and standardisation place heavy pressure on administrators, limiting their discretion through stricter allocation criteria. This may reduce their ability to act in the best interests of service applicants in line with the fiduciary principle.

• Dalene, Knut Eirik; Lergenmuller, Simon; Stigum, Hein; Meyer, Haakon Eduard; Nystad, Wenche & Larsen, Inger Kristin [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Joint association of risk factor clustering and socioeconomic position with non-communicable disease mortality risk: a prospective cohort study of 576 299 Norwegian men and women in the NCDNOR project. BMJ Public Health. 4(2). doi: 10.1136/bmjph-2025-004101. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Introduction: Well-known non-communicable disease (NCD) risk factors tend to cluster, forming groups with similar ‘risk factor phenotypes’. However, the characterisation of such clusters and the role of socioeconomic position (SEP) in modifying their associations with NCDs still remain unclear. Methods: We utilised data on smoking, physical activity, alcohol consumption, body mass index, blood pressure, cholesterol and triglyceride from health examination surveys conducted in Norwegian adults from 1974 to 2019 (n=5 76 299; age 20–65 years; 64% participation; 52% women) linked to registry data on education, income and mortality (follow-up through 2020). We identified risk factor clusters using latent profile analyses and used flexible parametric survival models to estimate differences in mean age at NCD death across sex, different birth years and SEP (education and income levels). Results: We identified four distinct clusters containing 44% (‘healthy’), 45% (‘suboptimal’), 4% (‘dyslipidaemics’) and 7% (‘hypertensives’) of the study sample, respectively. During a mean follow-up of 26 years, 61 241 died from an NCD. Compared with the cluster with the healthiest profile, other clusters had markedly shorter survival across sex and different birth cohorts. However, differences were also substantially modified by SEP: we estimated that individuals with primary education or low income died several years earlier than individuals with tertiary education or high income within each of the four risk factor clusters. Conclusions: Our findings show how NCD risk factors cluster and how SEP modifies the association between this clustering and NCD mortality. The substantial influence of SEP highlights the need for public health strategies that focus not only on changing behavioural and metabolic risk factors but also on addressing socioeconomic disparities to effectively reduce the burden of NCDs.

• Yaqub, Sheraz; Valberg, Morten; Bjørnbeth, Bjørn Atle; Angelsen, Jon-Helge; Brudvik, Kristoffer Watten & Eilertsen, Ina [Vis alle 43 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Aspirin after curative-intent treatment of colorectal cancer liver metastases (ASAC): a multicentre, phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. The Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology. ISSN 2468-1253. doi: 10.1016/s2468-1253(26)00260-8. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background Colorectal cancer frequently metastasises to the liver. Recurrence after curative-intent treatment of colorectal cancer liver metastases is common. Aspirin has shown preventive and antitumour effects in colorectal cancer, but its role after treatment of metastatic disease is uncertain. We aimed to establish whether adjuvant aspirin improves disease-free survival after curative-intent treatment of colorectal cancer liver metastases. Methods In this phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted at 14 centres in Norway, Sweden, and Denmark, patients who had undergone curative-intent treatment for colorectal cancer liver metastases were randomly assigned (1:1), stratified by study site using a centrally generated computerised sequence with variable block sizes, to aspirin 160 mg per day or matching placebo for up to 3 years or until recurrence, death, or treatment discontinuation. The primary outcome was disease-free survival in the full analysis set, comprising all patients who initiated study treatment. The trial is completed and this is the final analysis. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03326791, and EudraCT, 2014-003601-15. Findings Between Dec 15, 2017, and Jan 27, 2022, 466 patients were randomly assigned, of whom 428 initiated study treatment and were included in the full analysis set (217 assigned aspirin and 211 assigned placebo); 272 (64%) were male, 156 (36%) were female, and the mean age was 62·2 years. 269 disease-free survival events occurred (138 in the aspirin group and 131 in the placebo group). Aspirin did not improve disease-free survival (hazard ratio [HR] for recurrence or death 1·08 [95·44% CI 0·85–1·38]; p=0·58). Median disease-free survival was 1·13 years (95·44% CI 0·92–1·44) with aspirin and 1·40 years (1·11–1·69) with placebo. Overall survival at 36 months was 76% (95% CI 69·4–82·7) with aspirin and 85% (79·5–90·8) with placebo (HR for death 1·64 [95% CI 1·01–2·65]; p=0·045). Time to recurrence did not differ between groups (adjusted cause-specific HR 1·06 [95% CI 0·83–1·35]; p=0·64). 24 serious adverse events occurred in 17 (8%) of 217 patients in the aspirin group and five serious adverse events occurred in four (2%) of 211 patients in the placebo group. Clinically relevant adverse events and serious adverse events that occurred more commonly in the aspirin group than in the placebo group were myocardial infarction (two vs 0), epistaxis (four vs 0), duodenal ulcer (two vs 0), and cerebral haemorrhage (two vs 0). There were no treatment-related deaths. Interpretation Adjuvant aspirin did not improve disease-free survival and was associated with lower overall survival and more serious adverse events. These findings do not support routine use of aspirin after curative-intent treatment of colorectal cancer liver metastases.

• Grefslie, Marianne Rørholt; Håberg, Siri Eldevik; Magnus, Maria Christine; Omsland, Tone Kristin & Magnus, Per Minor (2026). Parental asthma and childhood asthma phenotypes: maternal associations with persistent asthma. BMJ Open Respiratory Research. 13(1). doi: 10.1136/bmjresp-2026-004245. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background: Maternal asthma has been more strongly associated with asthma in offspring than paternal asthma, but the influence of parental asthma on distinct asthma phenotypes remains unclear. Methods: We studied 16 055 children from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). Parental asthma was reported at recruitment and classified as no parental asthma (reference), maternal asthma only, paternal asthma only or both parents with asthma. Offspring asthma was assessed at ages 3, 7 and 14 years through questionnaire-based parental reports, and four phenotypes were defined: never asthma, early-onset transient, early-onset persistent and late-onset asthma. Logistic regression was used to estimate associations between parental asthma status and offspring phenotypes, adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle and atopic factors, including atopic eczema and pollen/hay fever. Results: Offspring asthma phenotypes were distributed as follows: never asthma 88.8%, early-onset transient asthma 3.3%, early-onset persistent asthma 2.7% and late-onset asthma 5.2%. Maternal asthma was associated with increased odds of all offspring asthma phenotypes: early-onset transient asthma (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.52 to 2.88), early-onset persistent asthma (OR 3.47, 95% CI 2.56 to 4.71) and late-onset asthma (OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.69 to 2.81). Paternal asthma showed similar associations, although point estimates were generally smaller: early-onset transient asthma (OR 2.01, 95% CI 1.48 to 2.73), early-onset persistent asthma (OR 2.49, 95% CI 1.81 to 3.44) and late-onset asthma (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.44 to 2.38). Asthma in both parents was most strongly associated with early-onset persistent asthma (OR 5.34, 95% CI 2.86 to 9.98), whereas associations with early-onset transient and late-onset asthma were smaller and accompanied by wider CIs. The overall pattern of associations was similar across analyses stratified by parental atopy. Conclusions: Associations with maternal asthma were more pronounced than those with paternal asthma, particularly for early-onset persistent and late-onset phenotypes, although CIs overlapped for most comparisons. In contrast, early-onset transient asthma showed less differentiation by parental asthma status.

• Ramstad, Kristin Johnsen; Pettersen, Trond Røed; Nordfonn, Oda Karin; Schjøtt, Jan Didrik; Scherrenberg, M & Wahl, A. [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). The Digital Health Readiness Questionnaire: translation and cultural adaption of the Norwegian version. European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. ISSN 1474-5151. 25(Supplement 1). doi: 10.1093/eurjcn/zvag155.145. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background/introduction eHealth solutions, such as digital cardiac rehabilitation (CR), provide opportunities to strengthen secondary prevention by supporting self-management. However, successful implementation depends on patients’ digital readiness, which must be considered when designing and delivering eHealth solutions. Currently, to the best of our knowledge, no validated digital readiness measure for the Norwegian context is available. Purpose To translate and adapt the Norwegian version of the Digital Health Readiness Questionnaire (DHRQ), and to pretest the adapted measure using cognitive interviews (CI) to assess its relevance, comprehensibility, and conceptual equivalence. Methods This methodological work is a part of eCardiacRehab, a 12-week digitally delivered, home-based CR programme aimed at improving access to CR for patients after percutaneous coronary intervention. The translation followed standardized requirements for back-and-forth translation to secure a systematic approach and to ensure linguistic equivalence and that the DHRQ and was culturally adapted to a Norwegian context. To pretest and evaluate the instrument, CIs were performed with 10 native Norwegians. Informants consisted of participants recruited through the Norwegian Heart and Lung Patient Organization, and healthy volunteers. The CIs involved structured retrospective verbal probing to assess the measure for clarity, interpretation, and cultural relevance. Data were analyzed by content analysis. Results During expert review, inconsistencies with the eHealth literacy definition were identified, leading to minor rewording for conceptual clarity. Terms, such as ‘wearable’, required cultural adaption. The dual phrasing ‘trustworthy, reliable’ could not be meaningfully separated into Norwegian, and was therefore condensed into a single description. These issues informed a minor revision prior to the CIs. The DHRQ was generally well understood. However, the interpretation of the key concepts’ digital technology, information reliability and digital skills varied across participants. CIs demonstrated overall good comprehensibility, although variations in participants’ interpretations of key concepts highlight the importance of careful wording in the Norwegian context. Importantly, the CIs indicated that participant’s differing levels of prior digital exposure and confidence subtly shaped their interpretation of several items, underscoring the need for wording that accommodates this variation in user experience (Figure 1). Conclusions The systematic translation process and pretesting through CIs support the relevance, clarity, and cultural appropriateness of the adapted Norwegian version of DHRQ, enabling assessment of digital readiness among Norwegian patients. Hence, the Norwegian translation and cultural adaption of the DHRQ resulted in a Norwegian version that is both linguistically and conceptually aligned with the original version.

• Hofmann, Bjørn Morten (2026). Improving bioethics by clarifying and elaborating its methodology: a response to Gomez-Virseda and colleagues. Medicine, Health care and Philosophy. ISSN 1386-7423. doi: 10.1007/s11019-026-10368-w. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  In a recent article Gomez-Virseda and coauthors criticize my previous work on methodology in bioethics and argue that bioethics is a discipline. While I think that Gomez-Virseda and co-authors misconstrue my argument, state the obvious, and fail to address pressing questions to their argument, I am most thankful for the inspiration and opportunity to elaborate on why methodology matters for consolidating bioethics’ professional standing, to improving its quality, ascertaining its academic and educational importance, and to advancing its trustworthiness and social impact.

• Janson, Astri Letnes; Hellesø, Ragnhild; Norlyk, Annelise; Sulosaari, Virpi & Opheim, Randi (2026). Becoming an advanced practice nurse educator. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research. ISSN 0031-3831. s. 1–11. doi: 10.1080/00313831.2026.2727859. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Eshete, Million Tesfaye; Tomson, Goran; Ottersen, Ole Petter; Tomson, Tanja; Wanyenze, Rhoda K. & Meng, Qingyue [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Power in Global Health: A Narrative Review, Relational Framework, and Systems-Based Analysis. International Journal of Health Policy and Management. 15(1), s. 1–15. doi: 10.34172/ijhpm.9698. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background Power is routinely invoked to explain health inequities and governance failures in global health, yet existing work is conceptually fragmented, weakly connected to empirical analysis, and prone to what is referred to as the “power-as-resource fallacy”: the conflation of power bases (what actors possess) with power relationships (how actors influence one another). This narrative review examines how power is conceptualized and operationalized in global health discourse, identifies systematic analytical gaps, and proposes a relational framework to address them.Methods We conducted a narrative review of literature that explicitly engages with power in relation to global health, governance, or health systems. We synthesized the included texts thematically and, as a supplementary systems-thinking component, developed a causal loop diagram (CLD) based on a subset of quantitative studies to illustrate how different constellations of power interact with health outcomes over time.Results In global health, power is pervasively invoked but rarely operationalized. We organized the reviewed texts into six thematic domains: (1) power as a determinant of health; (2) structural power (class, race, gender, geopolitical hierarchies); (3) power asymmetry; (4) power and governance for health; (5) power and health securitization; and (6) power constellations and health outcomes. Across these domains, we find that discussions of power remain largely qualitative and often stop short of clear operationalization. The CLD translates these insights into interacting feedback loops, illustrating how specific power constellations are associated with particular patterns of policy response and health outcomes, highlighting potential leverage points for governance reform.Conclusion This review maps the existing knowledge on power in global health and provides an actionable framework for future research and governance design. It underscores that power is the fundamental thread connecting global political economy to local health inequities.

• Ullern, Andreas; Garborg, Kjetil Kjeldstad; Chauhan, Sudhir Kumar; Holm, Kristian; Bang, Corinna & Dunn, Claire [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Safety and efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation in solid cancers resistant to immune checkpoint inhibitors: results of the MITRIC trial. Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (JITC). 14(7), s. 015122–015122. doi: 10.1136/jitc-2026-015122. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has shown promise in overcoming resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in early-phase cancer trials. We investigated the safety, feasibility and efficacy of FMT from ICI responders to patients with advanced cancers progressing on ICIs. Methods This was a single-arm phase IIa basket trial (MITRIC; NCT05286294 ) including patients with ICI-refractory cancer. Long-term ICI responders were used as FMT donors. Patients received FMTs in combination with ICIs; two FMT administrations (by colonoscopy) were scheduled before the first radiological evaluation after 6 weeks, and up to three later FMTs were allowed (by enema). Co-primary endpoints were the evaluation of FMT-related adverse events and objective response rate. Feasibility, clinical benefit rate, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), implant engraftment, immune response and biomarkers were among the secondary objectives. Results The study enrolled 12 patients with melanoma (n=9), head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC; n=1), renal cell carcinoma (n=1) or microsatellite instability-high pancreatic cancer (n=1). FMT was well tolerated, whereas immune-related toxicity occurred in 6/12 patients. All patients received the first FMT; 10/12 patients also underwent the second FMT. No objective responses were observed, while 5/12 patients recorded stable disease. Clinical benefit per-protocol (stable disease >6 months) was achieved in a patient with melanoma, who had regression of some lesions and remains alive after 33 months without further systemic treatment. Mixed responses with regression of some lesions were observed in another melanoma patient, and in a patient with HNSCC. The median PFS was 1.5 months, and median OS was 10.1 months. Sequencing of fecal samples indicated engraftment after the first FMT in most patients. Mass cytometry analysis of peripheral blood cells suggested that an activated and differentiated T-cell signature was associated with improved PFS and OS, while a naïve T-cell phenotype and a myeloid-dominant environment were unfavorable. CD14 + monocytes and serum interleukin-8 increased at group level over time. Conclusion FMT in combination with ICIs was safe and feasible in patients with advanced cancers, but with limited clinical activity. Further studies are required to clarify the potential benefit of FMT, identify the appropriate patient population and define criteria for donor selection. Trial registration number NCT05286294 .

• Sturmberg, Joachim; Mormina, Maru; Pfaff, Holger; Russo, Federica; Mercuri, Mathew & Preiser, Rika [Vis alle 17 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Systemic path to global health 2050. Bulletin of the World Health Organization. ISSN 0042-9686. 104(7), s. 486–494. doi: 10.2471/BLT.25.293951. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  In 2024, the Lancet Commission on Investing in Health proposed targeting investment in 15 priority conditions through 19 modular interventions to improve global health by 2050. While pragmatic, this approach may not fully capture the complex-adaptive nature of health and health systems, nor their social, economic and political determinants. In an iterative, interpretive analysis, proposed global health investment frameworks were mapped against complexity, systems thinking and health epistemology frameworks; five thematic areas were identified for further development: (i) health as emergent from interdependent, social-biological systems; (ii) the non-biomedical determinants driving inequities; (iii) health systems' adaptive requirements; (iv) epistemic injustices that marginalize non-Western perspectives; and (v) the need for context-sensitive, community-led implementation of health measures. Recent major disruptions to international aid financing, while challenging, present a unique opportunity to redesign health investment on more sustainable and locally grounded foundations, where national governments deliberately invest in the social determinants of health as direct health improvement strategies rather than merely as adjacent social policy. To seize this opportunity, we propose five guiding principles for policy-makers: (i) community co-production of interventions; (ii) adaptive governance structures; (iii) complex systems literacy in workforce training to navigate interdependencies and uncertainty; (iv) cross-sectoral partnerships to address determinants of health; and (v) context-sensitive metrics that incorporate community engagement to support learning within health systems. These are not optional enhancements to existing approaches; they are the foundations without which any health investment strategy will continue to treat the symptoms of inequity rather than its causes.

• Ostherr, Kirsten; Engebretsen, Eivind & Woods, Angela (2026). Ambient scribes as narrative technologies. The Lancet. ISSN 0140-6736. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01381-4. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Ambient scribes, also known as artificial intelligence-powered voice-to-text technology, are widely cited as time-saving tools that reduce administrative burden for clinicians. Yet, in their current use, these tools pose substantial, often unacknowledged risks that threaten to undermine patient-centred care. We argue that ambient scribes are inherently narrative technologies whose risks—and potential benefits—cannot be fully understood without careful attention to the ways that patients tell their stories and the broader context in which those stories are told. Drawing on medical humanities scholarship, we show that current approaches to ambient scribes take a superficial approach to narrative interpretation that omits the clinically relevant aspects of patient experience. We propose three ways to integrate more robust narrative analysis that can increase the value of ambient scribes: centring patient perspectives, accounting for material and social structures that shape narrative, and reframing the clinical encounter as a node in a broader narrative system. We conclude by outlining five priorities for commissioners, administrators, clinical leaders, and practice managers to ensure that the roll-out of ambient scribes does not deepen existing harms, and could instead contribute to more humane and trustworthy care.

• Lenander, Cecilia; Persson, Amelie; Hassani, Hajer Al; Hedin, Katarina; Høye, Sigurd & Jensen, Siri [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Import of antibiotics by air travellers – an observational study at airports in Sweden and Norway. Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control. 15. doi: 10.1186/s13756-026-01816-6. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background Overuse and misuse of antibiotics are two of the main drivers of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In some countries antibiotics can be purchased over the counter, whereas in Scandinavia and most of Europe, antibiotics require a prescription. It is permitted to bring medicines for personal use to Scandinavia. This raises concerns about whether antibiotics are being imported into low-prescribing countries, such as Scandinavia, via international airports. We aimed to investigate the quantity and types of antibiotics imported by air travellers entering Norway and Sweden, based on routine customs inspections at international airports. Methods A cross-sectional observational study was conducted during daytime over five weekdays at three international airports in Sweden and Norway. Anonymous data including the presence, type, and quantity of antibiotics, were registered alongside routine customs inspections. Defined daily doses (DDDs) were calculated for oral antibiotics. Substances were categorised according to the World Health Organization’s (WHO) AWaRe classification (Access, Watch and Reserve). Results Out of around 137,500 travellers arriving from abroad, 406 (0.30%) were inspected at routine customs inspections, of whom 57 (14%) carried antibiotics, corresponding to 643 DDDs. Inspected travellers from outside the EEA more often carried antibiotics than those within EEA ( p  < 0.001). More than one-third of the antibiotics were classified as ‘Watch’ according to the AWaRe classification. Conclusion We found that 14% of inspected international air travellers carried antibiotics. These antibiotics may be used without medical guidance, raising health risks and the risk of AMR. The findings highlight a potential need for public education and/or strengthened regulatory measures.

• Kravdal, Øystein; Grundy, Emily & Hart, Rannveig Kaldager (2026). Health Influences on Second‐ and Third‐Birth Probabilities in Norway. Population and Development Review. ISSN 0098-7921. 52(2), s. 650–650. doi: 10.1111/padr.70066. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Abstract We examined how several health variables were associated with mothers’ probability of having a second or third child and the timing of the second birth. Data from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) and linked registers were used. Parents with certain potentially chronic health problems before or in pregnancy were less likely than others to have an additional (especially a second) child, net of differences in relationship status, education, and economic resources. Some pregnancy‐related and largely temporary health problems during the most recent previous pregnancy and adverse birth experiences were associated with reduced probabilities of a second or third birth, or both, as was generally poor physical health six months after birth and postnatal depression. The latter health indicators may reflect health implications of pregnancy, delivery, and having a relatively “demanding” young child, as well as underlying health problems. Only a few estimates suggested associations between indicators of potentially chronic health problems of the most recently born child and subsequent fertility, but fertility was reduced among one‐child mothers whose first child had colic and among one‐ and two‐child mothers whose most recently born child slept little. Possible reasons for and implications of these health–fertility associations are discussed.

• Jahr, Silje Holt; Koubaa, Nojoud; Hillestad, Vigdis; Larsen, Kristin Tveitan; Selseth, Maiken Nordahl & Lied-Herland, Trine [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Incidence, clinical characteristics and outcome of spontaneous cerebellar intracerebral haemorrhage in a Norwegian population. European Stroke Journal. ISSN 2396-9873. 11(7). doi: 10.1093/esj/aakag073. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Nakken, Sigve; Edsjö, Anders; Lehtiö, Janne; Nygaard, Vigdis; Roepman, Paul & Rosenquist, Richard [Vis alle 69 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Towards an ecosystem of clinical decision support tools for precision cancer medicine. NPJ precision oncology. doi: 10.1038/s41698-026-01551-6. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Molecular tumor boards are supported by clinical decision support system (CDSS) tools for the interpretation of complex molecular data towards personalized treatments. Current CDSS tools are genomics-focused and characterized by tight couplings between data ingestion, guideline-based reasoning logic and curated knowledgebases. Next-generation CDSS solutions should integrate multimodal data and learn from outcomes in an interoperable ecosystem, leveraging explainable, trustworthy output from AI models through rigorous clinical validation processes.

• Romoli, Michele; Molina, Carlos A.; Zapata-Arriaza, Elena; Jaikumar, Vinay; Jesser, Jessica & Heldner, Mirjam Rachel [Vis alle 96 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Emergent Carotid Stenting for Acute Anterior Circulation Ischemic Stroke With Tandem Lesions: The Multicenter CERES-TANDEM Study. Neurology. ISSN 0028-3878. 106(2), s. e214528–e214528. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000214528. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Müller, Marcel; Geisler, Benjamin P.; Shamas, Samar; Bomhard, Nikolaus v.; Hoster, Eva & Pfirrmann, Markus [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). FAIR by design (TRACE): A Trusted Research Access & Collaboration Environment. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making. 26(1). doi: 10.1186/s12911-026-03840-3. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background A tension exists between the open science imperative for data transparency through FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) data sharing and the stringent requirements of current data protection regulations for health data. Researchers lack efficient yet affordable tools to share sensitive data responsibly. Existing solutions are often either difficult to use, expensive, or lack features like variable-level access control and auditable and reproducible workflows. Our objective was to develop a solution that lowers the threshold for researchers to share sensitive data responsibly and that can be operated by existing institutional staff. Results TRACE (Trusted Research Access & Collaboration Environment) was designed to support several data-sharing elements highlighted in the 2025 SPIRIT (Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials) and CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) statements by providing controlled and auditable workflows and supporting reproducibility at the level of data and analysis code. Its features for data governance, sharing, reproducibility and security allow institutions to manage study data access and to establish consistent, transparent standard operating procedures through granular variable selection, integrated study visualisation, and provisioning into a sealed analysis environment. TRACE provides an automated workflow for selected data-access steps that had previously relied on manual curation and ad-hoc sharing. A core feature versions datasets together with the corresponding analysis scripts, supporting reproducibility at the level of data and code; the computational environment is not captured. TRACE has supported data governance across seven clinical studies and processed 56 data access applications. Across three studies, an uncontrolled before-and-after comparison found 42.4 manual interface exports per 30 days before TRACE and 4.7 after implementation; causality cannot be inferred. Conclusions Platforms like TRACE may help shift resource-intensive, expert-dependent data governance towards automated processes. Operated by existing institutional staff, TRACE may make controlled data sharing feasible for institutions with limited resources. By automating previously manual steps, TRACE is intended to reduce the administrative burden of governed data sharing; whether it shortens the interval from data request to analysis has not been measured. TRACE is used as a training environment for preparing and using data in sharing processes.

• Gollion, Cédric; Chiang, Chia Chun; Lee, Mi Ji; Dominguez-Moreno, Rogelio; Schankin, Christoph J. & Harriott, Andrea [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Migraine and white matter hyperintensities: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cephalalgia Reports. 9. doi: 10.1177/25158163261472105.
• Miltenburg, Andrea Solnes; Kiritta, Richard; Kidenya, Benson R.; Amoakoh, Hannah Brown; Schielen, Peter C.J.I. & Manyogote, Felix [Vis alle 15 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). PRESHA — Preventing severe hypertensive adverse events in pregnancy and childbirth: a study protocol for establishing a prospective cohort study and biobank in urban Tanzania. Frontiers in Global Women's Health. 7. doi: 10.3389/fgwh.2026.1812275. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv

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• Prince, Ruth Jane (2026). Cancer, health insurance and therapeutic (im)mobility in Kenya. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Prince, Ruth Jane (2026). Health Insurance and family care: Affective burdens of welfare reform in Kenya. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Prince, Ruth Jane (2026). Differential inclusion and partial protection: Kenya's welfare reforms. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Prince, Ruth Jane & Geissler, Paul Wenzel (2026). Remembering the Covid pandemic with state health workers in Kenya. doi: https:/www.med.uio.no/helsam/english/research/news-and-events/events/others/2026/living-through-epidemics.html. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Vik, Eline Skirnisdottir; Einang, Karoline Hasle; Eick, Frode & Rivenes, Sara (2026). Aktuell forskning - Romske kvinner fra Øst-Europa: Prevensjon oppleves som viktig, men ikke alltid relevant. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Høye, Sigurd; Fossum, Guro Haugen & Emilsson, Louise (2026). Acute sinusitis – quo vadis? Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Acute sinusitis (AS) is a frequent reason for primary care visits and has historically been a major cause of unnecessary antibiotic prescribing, contributing significantly to antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This symposium presents findings from the Norwegian BASIC (Better treatment for Acute Sinusitis In primary health Care) project, which addresses AMR and promotes sustainability by tackling diagnostic uncertainty, evaluating treatment alternatives, and studying patient and prescriber expectations. The central theme is the shifting landscape of AS management: while Norway has succeeded in substantially reducing antibiotic use, clinical decision-making remains complex, driven by patient-reported symptoms rather than clear guidelines. Aim of the symposium The overarching purpose of this symposium is to contribute to an improved understanding and management of acute sinusitis (AS) in Nordic general practice. The symposium will provide clinically useful information by presenting the newest evidence regarding appropriate AS management, thereby enhancing patient care. For the academic audience, the symposium offers academically valuable insights by detailing the innovative research methodology utilized in the BASIC project. Titles of Presentations included in the symposium Sinusitis – a vanishing entity? Introduction, 5 min. Sigurd Høye, associate professor and head of The Antibiotic Centre for Primary care, Department of General Practice, University of Oslo 'Antibiotics Works': Patient and GP experiences and expectations 5 min. Sigurd Høye, associate professor and head of The Antibiotic Centre for Primary care, Department of General Practice, University of Oslo Less antibiotics – more complications? 15 min. Louise Emilsson, associate professor, Department of General Practice, University of Oslo If not antibiotics – what then? 15 min Guro Haugen Fossum, researcher and head of research group, Department of General Practice, University of Oslo

• Tikkanen, Roosa Sofia; Venkateswaran, Mahima; Papadopoulou, Eleni; Tessema, Mashresha; Denu, Zewditu & Gashu, Kassahun Dessie [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Implementing Digital Antenatal Care Registries at Public Health Care Facilities in Ethiopia and Uganda: A Comparative Study of Barriers and Enablers. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background: Digital registries can support clinical decision-making, longitudinal tracking of patient care and resource allocation decisions. Yet, questions around how to implement registries remain unsolved. We identified barriers, enablers and implementation strategies for digital antenatal care registries (ANC eRegistry) in public primary health facilities in Ethiopia and Uganda. Methods: We utilized data from research projects on ANC eRegistries in sub/urban Ethiopia (Addis Ababa, Adama, Harar, Jimma) and Uganda (Mukono). Interviews (n=35) and focus groups (n=18, 90 persons) with ANC providers, health facility managers, and sub-national and national leaders, identified through purposive sampling were English-translated and coded (NVivo) through deductive thematic analysis mapped onto Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research domains, identifying barriers and enablers in common and unique to each country. CFIR-ERIC (Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change) tool matched barriers and enablers to implementation strategies. Results: Among common barriers were financial constraints exacerbating infrastructure insufficiencies (computers, servers, unreliable networks), and heavy provider workloads constraining time towards meticulous data entry. Enablers in both settings were high motivation to switch to digital records, perceived ease of use of the eRegistry, simplified tasks and improved workflows, and existing peer-learning networks. Unique barriers in Ethiopia were lack of interoperability with existing health information systems and providers prioritizing clinical care over data entry: strong leadership commitment to digitalization was an enabler. In Uganda, limited proactive leadership and difficulties learning new systems were unique barriers; computer-literate young providers was an enabler. Six common implementation strategies were: Conducting ongoing training, preparing champions, formal implementation blueprints, provider performance data, coalition building, and conducting cyclical small change tests. Conclusions: Despite different contexts, identifying implementation determinants and strategies in common and unique to different contexts can facilitate adoption of digital registries. Health systems should capitalize on provider motivation to digitalize while ensuring training, resources and leadership.

• Haaland, Inga (2026). From Allyship to Precarity: queer care, labour and the moral governance in Kenya’s HIV response. doi: https:/www.kristiania.no/en/research/research-groups/queer-research-group/queer-symposium/. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Fystro, Joar Røkke (2026). Bør dagens vernepleiere hete noe annet i morgen? Vernepleier.no. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hofstad, Tore (2026). Six-Year Health, Socioeconomic, and Criminal Justice Outcomes Following Compulsory Mental Health Care in Norway: A Nationwide Registry Study. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Aims: To describe and compare six-year health, criminal justice, and socioeconomic outcomes across three compulsory care pathways: community treatment orders (CTO), compulsory hospitalisation, and short-term compulsory observation, contrasted with voluntary care and population control cohorts. Methods: This nationwide registry study followed 186 832 individuals (ages 18–65) with specialist mental health contact in Norway during 2015–16. Individuals were hierarchically assigned to mutually exclusive groups: CTO (n = 3 346), compulsory hospitalisation (n = 2 921), compulsory observation (n = 2 552), voluntary care (n = 177 504), and population controls (n = 135 520). We estimated sex-specific adjusted probabilities for 14 outcomes across mortality, clinical risk, safety, and socioeconomic domains using binomial logistic regression. Results: All compulsory care groups faced significantly higher six-year burdens across mortality, self-harm, and socioeconomic disadvantage than voluntary patients and controls. Compulsory observation, though brief, was associated with the highest long-term risks for self-harm, substance use, and external-cause mortality. CTOs were characterised by profound socioeconomic marginalisation, although nearly onefifth of recipients combined disability benefits with employment income. Conclusion: Legal pathways identify distinct high-risk trajectories. Short observation episodes often flag profound unresolved risk rather than transient crises, requiring systematic post-discharge follow-up. For those on CTOs, the Results underscore a need for sustained vocational and social rehabilitation.

• Hofstad, Tore (2026). Hva skjer seks år etter tvungent psykisk helsevern? En registerbasert populasjonsstudie. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hollung, Sandra Julsen (2026). Public involvement in cerebral palsy registers: Putting partnership into practice. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology. ISSN 0012-1622. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.70498. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Adams, Jonathan (2026). AI & Ethics. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Østerås, Nina (2026). Rheumatology in the digital health era. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Østerås, Nina; Haavardsholm, Espen A.; Mæhlen, Marthe Thoresen; Andersson, Helena & Goll, Guro Løvik (2026). Panelsamtale - Hva inspirerte deg på årets EULAR? doi: https:/www.diakonhjemmetsykehus.no/49d70f/contentassets/dd1c5c9a796d4c4ca72e0ebe655d8545/program-gronn-kongress-2026.pdf. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Østerås, Nina; Tveter, Anne Therese & Lønning, Kari Jussi (2026). App på resept - hvor lenge skal vi vente. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Michelsen, Brigitte; Kvien, Tore Kristian Aaserud & Provan, Sella Aarrestad (2026). National Socioeconomic Status Influences Disease Severity at Treatment Start and Duration of Treatment in Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis and Axial Spondyloarthritis - TheSynapse. [Internet]. The Synapse. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Differences in how long patients remain on treatment may reflect not only how well treatment works but may also reflect healthcare policies influenced by a country’s wealth, according to a new study in the Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. August 11, 2026 – A study initiated by the European Spondyloarthritis Research Collaboration Network (EuroSpA) examined

• Østerås, Nina & Bos-Haugen, Ida Kristin (2026). (+) Eksperter: Slik kan du redusere artrosesmertene. [Journal]. VG og VG+ papir og nettavis. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Slankemedisiner kan bidra til mindre smerter i både knær, hofter og hender. Men når kiloene forsvinner, kan musklene gjøre det samme. For å unngå det, må du ha fokus på to ting.

• Østerås, Nina; Tveter, Anne Therese & Nes, Lise Solberg (2026). Apper på resept – har vi råd til å la være? Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Så lenge det er mer lønnsomt å kalle inn enn å forebygge gjennom å støtte egenbehandling hjemme, vil digitalisering forbli et ideal, ikke en realitet.

• Maltzahn, Niklas Nyboe; Kvalvaag, Elisabeth Myrset; Hjellvik, Vidar; Anjum, Mariam; Skovlund, Eva & Wisløff, Torbjørn [Vis alle 14 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Causal effects of modifying CHA2DS2Va guidelines on incidence of ischemic stroke. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Kvalvaag, Elisabeth Myrset; Maltzahn, Niklas Nyboe; Hjellvik, Vidar; Anjum, Mariam; Skovlund, Eva & Wisløff, Torbjørn [Vis alle 17 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Factors associated with initiation of oral anticoagulants in atrial fibrillation. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hart, Rannveig Kaldager (2026). Ny NOU: Fødselstallsutvalget foreslår rullerende barnehageopptak. [Internet]. Barnehage.no. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Utvalget foreslår at alle barn får tilbud om barnehageplass fra fylte ett år, samtidig som det åpnes for at foreldre kan ha 70 uker med foreldrepenger med 70 prosent kompensasjon.

• Hart, Rannveig Kaldager & Skirbekk, Vegard Fykse (2026). Fødselstall under press. [Internet]. Tendens. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Norge får stadig færre barn. En ny utredning viser at årsakene handler om mer enn familiepolitikk.

• Horn, Sindre August; Omar, Omar Mwalim; Kagaigai, Alphoncina; Chola, Lumbwe & Chalise, Gita Dhakal (2026). Overcoming Uncertainty in Priority Setting: Multi-Country Experiences with Evidence-Informed Health Benefit Packages in Low- and Middle-income Countries. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Ekeli, Jonas Andersen; Kinge, Jonas Minet & Gjefsen, Hege Marie (2026). Sickness absence and Turnover in the Labor Market. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Ramstad, Kristin Johnsen; Pettersen, Trond Røed; Nordfonn, Oda Karin; Schjøtt, Jan Didrik; Scherrenberg, Martijn & Wahl, Astrid Klopstad [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). The digital health readiness questionnaire: translation and cultural adaption of the Norwegian version. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Danforth, Kristen; Botwright, Siobhan; Choudhary, Tarun Shankar; Hangoma, Peter & Chola, Lumbwe (2026). Integrating Systems Thinking into the FairChoices Model - Possibilities and Challenges. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Chola, Lumbwe; Kagaigai, Alphoncina; Johansson, Kjell Arne; Eldesoki, Nouran; Torpey, Kwasi & Omar, Omar Mwalim [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Explicit Priority Setting in Practice: Institutionalising Evidence-Informed and Value-Based Priority Setting for Universal Health Coverage. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hart, Rannveig Kaldager (2026). Seminar om fødselstall. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Folkehelseinstituttet inviterer til seminar om fødselstall, helse og politikk på Litteraturhuset.

• Kravdal, Øystein & Hart, Rannveig Kaldager (2026). Health around the time of first birth matters for future fertility. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hart, Rannveig Kaldager (2026). Fødsler i Norge: Kvinnen har vært både offer, skurk og helt. [Internet]. Forskning.no. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Hvordan kvinner omtales i norsk debatt om fødselstall, har endret seg de siste 50 årene. Men en ting går igjen: Ett kjønn får ansvaret, ifølge ny studie.

• Burrell, Lisa Victoria; Veenstra, Marijke; Towers, Ann-Marie; Smith, Nick & Sogstad, Maren Kristine Raknes (2026). Livskvalitet blant eldre tjenestemottakere. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Reme, Bjørn-Atle (2026). Legemiddelindustriens produktivitetsparadoks. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Når legemiddelindustrien og produsenter av medisinsk teknologi fremmer produktivitetsargumentet, argumenterer de i realiteten for økte budsjetter til seg selv.

• Ansteinsson, Vibeke Elise (2026). Integrering av munnhelse i resten av kroppen. Hvor står vi i dag?​ Hvilke utfordringer møter vi?​ Hvilke mulige løsninger finnes? Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Ansteinsson, Vibeke Elise (2026). Method choices: Co‑creation as a tool for user involvement. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Ansteinsson, Vibeke Elise (2026). Brukermedvirkning og innovasjon. Litt teori, praktiske eksempler og erfaringer fra forskningsprosjekter. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hellesø, Ragnhild (2026). Pasientens helsetjeneste - pasientsikkerhet og kvalitet del 4. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hellesø, Ragnhild (2026). Pasientens helsetjeneste - pasientsikkerhet og kvalitet del 3. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hellesø, Ragnhild (2026). Pasientens helsetjeneste - pasientsikkerhet og kvalitet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hellesø, Ragnhild (2026). Pasientens helsetjeneste - pasientsikkerhet og kvalitet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Vartiainen, Pekka; Haapaniemi, Hele; Lee, Yunsung; Magnus, Maria Christine; Hartonen, Tuomo & Detrois, Kira [Vis alle 31 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Infant respiratory syncytial virus and childhood asthma: a nationwide registry-based, sibling-controlled, and genome-wide association study. medRxiv. doi: 10.64898/2026.07.17.26351934. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Abstract Background Early-life respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is associated with childhood recurrent wheeze or asthma (RW/A), but causality and shared genetic liability remain unclear. Methods We combined Finnish nationwide registries and Nordic genetic cohorts. First, in 965 312 Finnish children born between 1998 and 2014, we defined severe RSV as RSV hospitalisation before age 1 year, and recurrent wheezing or asthma (RW/A) as inhaled medication reimbursement between ages 1 and 7 years, and compared medication and eosinophil trajectories by RSV history. Second, we assessed familial confounding in 527 776 full siblings and 15 667 RW/A- discordant pairs. Third, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of RSV susceptibility with meta-analysis across six Nordic cohorts (3 107 cases, 92 091 controls) and two-sample Mendelian randomisation (2SMR) using 155 asthma-associated variants. Findings RSV-associated RW/A showed higher inhaled medication use at ages 1–2 years but lower use after age 5, and lower mean blood eosinophils (0·341 vs 0·398×10□/L; p=0·008) than RW/A without RSV hospitalisation. In RW/A-discordant sibling pairs, RSV hospitalisation was associated with RW/A (OR 2·8; 95% CI 2·4–3·2), while unaffected siblings also had elevated RW/A prevalence. GWAS identified an RSV association at APBB1IP (rs787036; β=0·209; p=8·80×10 - □). 2SMR provided no evidence that asthma genetic liability influenced RSV susceptibility. Interpretation The RSV–asthma association is unlikely to be explained by shared genetic or environmental factors, and RSV-associated RW/A shows a distinct trajectory. These findings help prioritise long-term outcomes for RSV prevention trials and monitoring. Funding Päivikki and Sakari Sohlberg Foundation, Foundation for Pediatric Research, Sigrid Jusélius Foundation, Orion Research Foundation, the Research Council of Norway.

• Hellesø, Ragnhild (2026). Samhandlingsperspektiv i den komplekse helsetenesta. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Kvist, Beate Charlotte Fagerlund; Sødal, Anne Thea Tveit; Ansteinsson, Vibeke Elise & Wisløff, Torbjørn (2026). Value of Information analysis of SYNCORAL. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background: Older adults (≥65 years) receiving municipal home health care services (HHCS) in Norway face substantial oral‑health challenges. One important reason is that HHCS and public dental services (PDS), organized at the county level, operate in separate organizational structures and use different digital systems. Currently, no integrated digital communication solution exists to support collaboration, and there is a clear need for improved cross‑sector coordination. Recent cost‑of‑illness evidence shows that poor oral health in this population entails considerable economic burden, including direct costs related to oral disease, indirect costs from increased risk of systemic illness, and productivity losses among caregivers. SYNCORAL is a digital platform embedded in electronic patient records designed to streamline patient identification, consent, and information exchange between HHCS and PDS. By enabling better coordination and earlier intervention, SYNCORAL may help shift care from costly acute treatment toward prevention. However, the key effects and costs of SYNCORAL remain uncertain. A Value of Information (VOI) analysis is therefore needed to assess whether additional evidence is required before large‑scale implementation. Aim: The aim of this VOI analysis is to quantify remaining decision‑critical uncertainty in the expected effects and costs of SYNCORAL, and to assess whether collecting additional evidence would be worthwhile. Method: We developed a Markov model (see Figure 2) and performed a probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) using Monte Carlo simulation with 10 000 iterations to quantify parameter uncertainty. The model applied a lifetime time horizon, following older adults receiving HHCS from the age of 65 years old to death. Two separate analyses were conducted for adults aged 65–79 years and 80+ years. Data were obtained from epidemiological studies, national health registries, reimbursement databases, and expert assessments. Preliminary results: Substantial uncertainty across several key parameters is already evident while the VOI analysis remains in progress. Figure 3 shows the preliminary incremental cost‑effectiveness scatterplot of SYNCORAL versus current practice. Each point is one PSA simulation; the dashed line indicates a 275 000 NOK/QALY threshold, with points below the line considered cost‑effective. In these preliminary results, SYNCORAL appears cost‑effective in around 60% of simulations at this threshold. Further research: Our planned VOI work will estimate Expected Value of Sampling Information (EVSI) to quantify the value of reducing the uncertainty through new data, and Expected Net Benefit of Sampling (ENBS) to assess whether additional evidence would justify the cost of further research

• Eide, Helena Niemi (2026). COVID vaccines during pregnancy protect newborns for 5 months, study finds : NPR. [Internet]. NPR. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  A 3-year study published in Pediatrics examined newborns in Norway. It found a clear benefit for the baby when mom gets a COVID vaccination during pregnancy.

• Eide, Helena Niemi (2026). COVID Shots in Pregnancy Protect Infants’ First 6 Months. [Internet]. Medscape. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The research adds important evidence for clinicians counseling pregnant patients.

• Fystro, Joar Røkke (2026). Fysioterapi som investering eller helsetjeneste? Fysioterapeuten. ISSN 0016-3384. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  - Fysioterapien er bedre tjent med å promotere seg som en basal og nødvendig helsetjeneste med helsefaglig nytte, ikke en investering i samfunnsøkonomi, skriver Joar Røkke Fystro.

• Berg, Inger Jorid; Asphaug, Lars; Kristianslund, Eirik; Tveter, Anne Therese; Gossec, Laure & Macfarlane, Gary J [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Patient-initiated follow-up is more cost-effective than remote monitoring or usual care in axial spondyloarthritis, results from the ReMonit randomized controlled trial. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Eick, Frode & Jahnsen, Synnøve Økland (2026). Ny kunnskap om bostedsløshet og migranters helse. doi: https:/uni.oslomet.no/bovel/2026/09/16/ny-kunnskap-om-bostedsloshet-og-migranters-helse/. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Fjeld, Heidi E & Hofer, Theresia (2026). Tibetan and Himalayan Cosmopolitics: Rural Lives in Changing Circumstances. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Fjeld, Heidi E (2026). Shifting rural spaces in the high Himalayas: Cosmopolitics, food and future-making in rural western Bhutan. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The agro-pastoral communities of the Haa Valley in western Bhutan face rapid change from outmigration, labor shortages, and concerns about agricultural viability, experiences shared across high-Himalayan communities. While villagers express loss of people and traditional ways of life, they also pursue creative practices to sustain and reimagine rural life. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in upper Haa since 2023, this talk examines cosmopolitics, food, and rural future-making, focusing on shifting human–animal relations (pigs, wild boars, cows, and yaks). I focus especially on changing human–yak relations: yaks remain central to household relationalities, economies and ritual life, yet new sensibilities around slaughter and vegetarianism challenge this interconnectedness. I show how consumption of yak meat and the ritual use of yak ribs are negotiated amid evolving policies, moral sensibilities, and outmigration, arguing these practices form creative cosmopolitical engagements that reshape imaginaries of rural futures in western Bhutan.

• Burrell, Lisa Victoria; Veenstra, Marijke; Smith, Nick; Towers, Ann-Marie & Sogstad, Maren Kristine Raknes (2026). Control, or the lack thereof, among older homecare recipients in Norway. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Alvino, Miryam; Provan, Sella Aarrestad; Aas, Eline & Hagen, Gunhild (2026). COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINATION IN IN 50-YEAR-OLD PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS IN NORWAY-A MARKOV MODELLING ANALYSIS. doi: https:/scientific.sparx-ip.net/archiveeular/?c=a&searchfor=gunhild%20hagen&view=1&item=2026POS0422. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hagen, Gunhild; Opheim, Anna K; Øverbø, Joakim; Aas, Eline & Provan, Sella Aarrestad (2026). COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF HERPES ZOSTER VACCINATION IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS. doi: https:/scientific.sparx-ip.net/archiveeular/?c=a&searchfor=gunhild%20hagen&view=1&item=2026POS0036. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Pavia, Fabiola; Provan, Sella Aarrestad; Aas, Eline; Dagfinrud, Hanne; Sveaas, Silje Halvorsen & Berg, Inger Jorid [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF A HIGH-INTENSITY EXERCISE PROGRAM FOR AXIAL SPONDYLOARTHRITIS: A MODELLING STUDY. doi: https:/scientific.sparx-ip.net/archiveeular/?c=a&searchfor=gunhild%20hagen&view=1&item=2026POS0192. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Andreassen, Hege Kristin (2026). Centre-Periphery in the AI-Informed Digital Society, experiences and perspectives from the north. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Lindskog, Benedikte Victoria; Bains, Sukhjeet; Tellum, Tina & Woo, Minji (2026). NAVIGATING PAIN ACROSS BORDERS: A Socioecological Analysis of Immigrant Women with Endometriosis Living in Norway. Universitetet i Oslo. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  --- Abstract will be published: 2029-06-08

• Werdofa, Hirut Megersa & Lindahl, Anne Karin (2026). Perspectives on Disrespect and Abuse During Childbirth in a Tertiary Teaching Hospital in Ethiopia: Qualitative Studies of Women and Healthcare Providers. Universitetet i Oslo. ISSN 9788234809026. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Every woman deserves to give birth in a safe, respectful, and supportive environment. However, women experience disrespect and abuse during childbirth in healthcare facilities. This can affect their trust in healthcare services and their willingness to seek care in the future. This thesis explored what women and healthcare provides perceived about disrespect and abuse during childbirth at a teaching hospital in Southwest Ethiopia. The study used qualitative research design: in-depth interviews, focus group discussion and participant observation in the study hospital. Thirty-two women and thirty-two health providers (doctors, midwives, and nurses) shared their views in addition 325 hours participant observation conducted. Many women said they were neglected, had things done without consent and were treated as an object. Some had no privacy and could not have companion during labor. Some felt unable to make decisions about their care. Healthcare workers agreed care should be respectful, but sometimes perceived differently than the women. Staff shortages, workloads, and not enough supplies and lack of midwives involvement in women care identified as a factor. Some practice health care provides perceived as normal felt disrespectful to women. The study shows disrespect and abuse have many causes. To improve these sufficient supplies and providers may need to be trained to treat women with respect. Women may need to learn about their rights and make decisions about their own care. Communication, respecting women confidentiality, and working together as a team are important to reduce disrespect and abuse. Teaching hospitals need to balance student learning with women’s safety and comfort. Each form of disrespect or abuse might need to be explored as a distinct component to design appropriate intervention.

• Muinde, Jacinta Victoria Syombua & Aslam, Warda (2026). Pakistani Experiences of Seasonal Affective Disorder: Navigating the Winter Mental Health Landscape. Universitetet i Oslo. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) and winter-related mood difficulties have been widely studied in Nordic populations, but little is known about how immigrants from warmer climates experience these seasonal changes. Pakistanis form one of the largest non-Western immigrant communities in Norway, yet their experiences of winter mental health remain largely unexplored. Most existing research has relied on biomedical and epidemiological approaches that cannot capture how seasonal distress is shaped by migration, culture, community life, and religious practice. Objectives This study aimed to explore the experiences of seasonal affective disorder and winter depression among Pakistani immigrants in Norway, and to examine how cultural background, community networks, religious practice, and coping strategies shape these seasonal experiences. Methods A qualitative ethnographic study was conducted using semi-structured individual interviews, one focus group discussion, and participant observation. Twenty-four participants of Pakistani background took part in the study, 18 in individual interviews and 6 in the focus group discussion. Participants were men and women who had migrated to Norway in or after 2005 and were recruited primarily from Oslo and Akershus through community networks and snowball sampling. Two participants residing in Northern Norway were also included. Interviews and the focus group were conducted in Urdu, later transcribed and translated into English, and analysed using thematic analysis in NVivo. Findings Six key themes emerged from the data. Winter functioned as an environmental and emotional amplifier in which darkness, cold, and silence intensified existing stress, loneliness, and homesickness rather than producing distress on their own. Vulnerability to winter varied with the timing of migration, geographic location, and economic pressure. Cultural differences between Pakistan and Norway in social rhythm and openness about mental health made winter feel quieter and more isolating. Community networks, friendships, life-cycle gatherings, travel, and religious practice emerged as essential coping resources. The language used to describe winter distress was largely every day and somatic rather than clinical and revealed clear gendered patterns. Conclusion Seasonal wellbeing among Pakistani immigrants in Norway is shaped by the interaction of environmental conditions, migration history, cultural expectations, and community life. These findings can inform culturally sensitive mental health support for immigrant populations in high-latitude environments.

• Cox, Dr. Sheree; Kuhumba, Mr. Shija Kevin & ILINDE, NIYIGENA DELICE (2026). Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Towards Research Misconduct at the University of Rwanda, College of Medicine and Health Sciences: a Cross-Sectional Study. Universitetet i Oslo. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Abstract Title: Knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward research misconduct at the University of Rwanda, College of Medicine and Health Sciences: a cross-sectional study Background: Research misconduct is a global concern, however, there is limited knowledge about research misconduct in the Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) such as Rwanda. This study aimed to assess the association between attitudes and practices towards research misconduct among postgraduate students and academic staff at the University of Rwanda, College of Medicine and Health Sciences (UR-CMHS). This study was part of the Ethics in Research and Clinical Practice (ETHIMED) project funded by the Norwegian Partnership Program for the Global Academic corporation (NORPART). Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional survey design was used to collect data from 153 master's students, 18 PhD students, and 87 academic staff at UR-CMHS from August to November 2025. Stata version 19 SE was used to analyse the data. Results: Plagiarism policy was the most known, reported by 83.3% while the research misconduct allegation policy was the least known, reported by 51.6% of the participants. The majority agreed with the statements, saying that research misconduct is unacceptable, while also disagreeing with the statements saying that misconduct is acceptable when confident about findings. The overall research misconduct prevalence including both fabrication, falsification, plagiarism and other questionable research practices in the last three years was 63.6%. There was no significant association found between attitudes and practices towards research misconduct. Conclusion: Briefly, this study assessed the association between attitudes and practices towards research misconduct, and there was no significant association found. The majority had good attitudes, but research misconduct prevalence was very high. Therefore, I recommend future studies to explore the factors contributing to high research misconduct prevalence found in this context.

• Veloz, Maria Fernanda Vinueza; Arias, Tannia Valeria Carpio & Knudsen, Trine Broberg (2026). Nutritional Status and Cerebellar-dependent Motor Learning in Ecuadorian Children: A cross-sectional study. Universitetet i Oslo. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  --- Abstract will be published: 2028-05-25

• Adams, Jonathan & Hofmann, Bjørn Morten (2026). Responsible Explainable Artificial Intelligence in Medicine: Towards a Framework for Ethical and Epistemic Assessment. Universitetet i Oslo. ISSN 9788234808975. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  This thesis is about responsible explainable artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine, aiming to build a principle-based framework to assess the knowledge that AI offers in the medical field and the ethical implications of AI in medicine. A key challenge that motivates this work is AI explainability: do we understand why AI systems produce the results that they do, and if not, then is that a problem for medical ethics? The thesis argues that medical ethics should adopt the emerging principle of ‘explicability’ to enable us to make ethical problems visible in AI systems and therefore connect traditional ethical principles to concrete responsibilities. The thesis argues that the principle of explicability, rather than being an unnecessary addition, resembles more established principles in its key focus on connecting abstract theory to clinical practice. The thesis also proposes a structured tool for evaluating medical AI, called ‘the ethical-epistemic matrix’. While ethical principles are often applied to medical AI, this matrix includes ‘epistemic’ (i.e. knowledge-related) principles, which assess the kinds of knowledge that AI systems can provide. The epistemic principles put forward are: accuracy, consistency, relevance and instrumental efficacy. This thesis also shows how the matrix can be used to explore the implications of medical AI by applying its principles to medical AI systems in general and for the specific case of sleep apnoea detection, which is relevant to the Respire project of which this PhD work is part. Overall, this thesis advances both the conceptual and methodological foundations for evaluating responsible explainable AI in medicine and provides a practical framework within which to conduct such evaluation. These contributions can support further development of principle- and matrix-based approaches to the evaluation of medical AI, as well as interdisciplinary collaborations aiming to implement responsible explainable medical AI in practice.

• hovedveileder), Nina Køpke Vøllestad (siste; hovedveileder), Nikolaj Kunøe (første; fag), Thomas Clausen (uformell veileder, & Martinsen, Agnes Natalie Klokkersveen (2026). Hjerterom i byrommet En kartlegging av typer – og mengde helse- og omsorgstjenester gitt ved lavterskel helsetilbud for personer med rusmiddelavhengighet. Universitetet i Oslo. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Sammendrag Bakgrunn: Lavterskel helsetjenester for personer med rusmiddelavhengighet bistår personer med samtidig rus- og psykiske lidelser og komplekse utfordringer. Det finnes begrenset forskningsbasert kunnskap om hvordan slike tjenester brukes med hensyn til omfang, type og mønster av tjenestebruk. Formål: Å beskrive omfang, tjenestetyper, varighet og bruksmønstre i en lavterskel helsetjeneste for personer med rusmiddelavhengighet, samt å identifisere faktorer assosiert med storbruk og ikke-storbruk av tjenesten. Metode: Studien er en retrospektiv observasjonsstudie basert på journaldata fra et lavterskel helsetilbud i Oslo. Alle pasienter som hadde én kontakt i løpet av 2023 ble inkludert, og tjenestebruk ble kartlagt for en 12-måneders periode bakover i tid fra siste registrering. Tjenestebruk ble beskrevet ved hjelp av deskriptiv statistikk. Storbrukere ble definert som pasienter med >12 konsultasjoner i løpet av 12 måneder. Tjenestebruk blant storbrukere og ikke-storbrukere ble sammenlignet med bivariate analyser, og faktorer assosiert med storbruk ble undersøkt med multivariat logistisk regresjon. Resultater: Pasientene (N=588) brukte samlet 5388 konsultasjoner, med median 3 konsultasjoner per pasient. Rundt 40 % av pasientene hadde benyttet Feltpleien i mer enn elleve år. I utvalget som helhet var tjenestebruksmønsteret preget av at mange benyttet flere tjenestetyper, samtidig som medianbruken av de fleste enkelttjenester var lav. Det ble funnet en skjevfordeling i tjenestebruk mellom pasientene, særlig mellom storbrukere og ikke-storbrukere. Storbrukere stod for nærmere 70 % av konsultasjonene og storbruk var assosiert med høyere alder, langvarig tilknytning til tjenesten og hyppigere registrering av positive psykosesymptomer. Konklusjon: Studien viser at lavterskel helsetjenester tilbyr mange tjenester, og at disse brukes ulikt. Funnene indikerer at tjenestene benyttes som et langvarig og omfattende helsetilbud for personer med sammensatte behov, snarere enn kun et midlertidig krisetiltak. Funnene har implikasjoner for planlegging av kapasitet, kompetanse og organisering i både lavterskel helsetilbud og tilgrensende tjenester, og kan danne utgangspunkt for videre longitudinell og komparativ forskning. 

• Simonsen, Gunnar Skov; Blix, Hege Salvesen; Helgesen, Kari Marie Olli; Urdahl, Anne Margrete; Afset, Jan Egil & Andersen, Cecilie Torp [Vis alle 23 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). NORM/NORM-VET 2025 : Usage of Antimicrobial Agents and Occurrence of Antimicrobial Resistance in Norway. Folkehelseinstituttet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv

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