Egil Johnson

• Fasting, Magnus Hølmo; Joys, Ulrik; Førland, Dag T.; Skagemo, Caroline Ursin; Hauge, Tobias & Johnson, Egil [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2026). Robotic-assisted versus laparoscopic gastrectomy in a low-incidence Nordic country: A single-center retrospective study. Scandinavian Journal of Surgery. ISSN 1457-4969. doi: 10.1177/14574969261480875. Full text in Research Archive
• Hauge, Tobias; Johnson, Egil; Aahlin, Eirik Kjus; Øvrebø, Kjell Kåre; Than, Tien Pham & Rekstad, Lars cato [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2026). Textbook outcome after esophagectomy in Norway–a national cohort study of low- to medium-volume centers. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. ISSN 0036-5521. doi: 10.1080/00365521.2026.2694746. Full text in Research Archive
• Hauge, Tobias; Johnson, Egil; Fasting, Magnus Hølmo; Førland, Dag T.; Skagemo, Caroline Ursin & Mala, Tom (2025). From conventional minimally invasive to robotic-assisted Ivor Lewis esophagectomy – A Nordic single-center retrospective study. European Journal of Surgical Oncology. ISSN 0748-7983. 51(11). doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2025.110417. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background High-quality studies from Asia have demonstrated that robotic assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE) is a feasible and comparable alternative to conventional minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE), evidence regarding its application to Western patients remains limited. This study evaluates the short-term outcomes during the initial phase of RAMIE implementation in comparison to the previous standard MIE technique in a Nordic center. Methods A retrospective single center study of prospectively registered data, comparing short-term outcomes between the final 100 patients operated with MIE and the first 100 patients operated with RAMIE. The primary outcome was the total number of lymph nodes harvested. Secondary outcomes included postoperative pneumonia, anastomotic leakage, serious complications (Clavien Dindo 3), length of operation, length of hospital stay and resection margin status. An inverse probability weighting model and regression analysis was conducted. Results 200 patients were included (RAMIE n = 100, MIE n = 100). Matched groups (RAMIE n = 96, MIE n = 97) showed no difference in total number of lymph nodes harvested (RAMIE 22.1 vs. MIE 23.7, p = 0.50). RAMIE had higher postoperative pneumonia risk (OR = 2.3, p < 0.01), longer length of operation (+33.9 min, p < 0.01) and marginally increased risk of anastomotic leakage (OR = 2.4, p = 0.05). Comparing the last 50 patients operated with RAMIE to the MIE group, there was no difference in length of operation (OR = 10.3, p = 0.43). Conclusion The short-term oncological outcomes and safety remain secure even during the initial phases of RAMIE implementation in a Nordic cohort. The perioperative outcome for some measures after RAMIE were inferior to MIE, potentially related to learning curve aspects.

• Hauge, Tobias; Dretvik, Thomas Bruvoll; Johnson, Egil & Mala, Tom (2024). Treatment of anastomotic leakage following Ivor Lewis esophagectomy-10 year experience from a Nordic center. Diseases of the esophagus. ISSN 1120-8694. 37(9). doi: 10.1093/dote/doae040. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Anastomotic leakage (AL) is a dreaded complication following esophageal resection. No clear consensus exist for the optimal handling of this severe complication. The aim of this study was to describe the treatment outcome following AL. We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study including all patients with AL operated with Ivor Lewis esophagectomy from 2010 to 2021 at Oslo University Hospital, Norway. 74/526 (14%) patients had AL. Patient outcomes were analyzed and categorized according to main AL treatment strategy; stent (54%), endoscopic vacuum therapy and stent (EVT + stent) (19%), nasogastric tube and antibiotics (conservative) (16%), EVT (8%) and by other endoscopic means (other) (3%). One patient had surgical debridement of the chest cavity. In 66 patients (89%), the perforation healed after median 27 (range: 4–174) days. Airway fistulation was observed in 11 patients (15%). Leak severity (ECCG) was associated with development of airway fistula (P = 0.03). The median hospital and intensive care unit stays were 30 (range: 12–285) and 9 (range: 0–60) days. The 90-days mortality among patients with AL was 5% and at follow up, 13% of all deaths were related to AL. AL closure rates were comparable across the groups, but longer in the EVT + stent group (55 days vs. 29.5 days, P = 0.04). Thirty-two percent developed a symptomatic anastomotic stricture within 12 months. Conclusion: The majority of AL can be treated endoscopically with preservation of the conduit and the anastomosis. We observed a high number of AL-associated airway fistulas.

• Anundsen, Tommy Kallåk; Førland, Dag T.; Johannessen, Hans Olaf & Johnson, Egil (2023). Outcome after stent and endoscopic vacuum therapy-based treatment for postemetic esophageal rupture. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. ISSN 0036-5521. 59(1), p. 1–6. doi: 10.1080/00365521.2023.2248537. Full text in Research Archive
• Pinto, Rita; Hauge, Tobias; Jeanmougin, Marine; Pharo, Heidi Dietrichson; Kresse, Stine Henrichson & Honne, Hilde [Show all 13 contributors for this article] (2022). Targeted genetic and epigenetic profiling of esophageal adenocarcinomas and non-dysplastic Barrett’s esophagus. Clinical Epigenetics. 14(77), p. 1–11. doi: 10.1186/s13148-022-01287-7. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background Despite the efforts to describe the molecular landscape of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and its precursor lesion Barrett’s esophagus (BE), discrepant findings are reported. Here, we investigated the prevalence of selected genetic (TP53 mutations and microsatellite instability (MSI) status) and epigenetic (DNA promoter hypermethylation of APC, CDKN2A, MGMT, TIMP3 and MLH1) modifications in a series of 19 non-dysplastic BE and 145 EAC samples. Additional biopsies from adjacent normal tissue were also evaluated. State-of-the-art methodologies and well-defined scoring criteria were applied in all molecular analyses. Results Overall, we confirmed frequent TP53 mutations among EAC (28%) in contrast to BE, which harbored no mutations. We demonstrated that MSI and MLH1 promoter hypermethylation are rare events, both in EAC and in BE. Our findings further support that APC, CDKN2A, MGMT and TIMP3 promoter hypermethylation is frequently seen in both lesions (21–89%), as well as in a subset of adjacent normal samples (up to 12%). Conclusions Our study further enlightens the molecular background of BE and EAC. To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the largest studies addressing a targeted analysis of genetic and epigenetic modifications simultaneously across a combined series of non-dysplastic BE and EAC samples.

• Mala, Tom; Førland, Dag T.; Skagemo, Caroline Ursin; Glomsaker, Tom Birger; Johannessen, Hans Olaf & Johnson, Egil (2022). Early experience with total robotic D2 gastrectomy in a low incidence region: surgical perspectives. BMC Surgery. 22. doi: 10.1186/s12893-022-01576-1. Full text in Research Archive
• Hauge, Tobias; Førland, Dag T.; Johannessen, Hans Olaf & Johnson, Egil (2021). Short- and long-term outcomes in patients operated with total minimally invasive esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. Diseases of the esophagus. ISSN 1120-8694. 35(5), p. 1–9. doi: 10.1093/dote/doab061. Full text in Research Archive
• Haug, Helene Marie; Carlsen, Erik; Johannessen, Hans Olaf & Johnson, Egil (2021). Short-, long-, and very long-term results of anterior secondary sphincteroplasty in 20 patients with obstetric injury. International Journal of Colorectal Disease. ISSN 0179-1958. 36, p. 2775–2778. doi: 10.1007/s00384-021-04026-1. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Abstract Purpose More long-term follow-up studies beyond 10 years after secondary sphincteroplasty for obstetric damage are warranted. This prospective study aimed to compare reported data on incontinence and satisfaction in a cohort of such patients examined at short-, long-, and very long-term follow-up. Methods Twenty out of 33 obstetric patients (61%) operated with secondary anterior overlapping sphincteroplasty during February 1996 to April 2004 were evaluated preoperatively and at short-, long-, and very long-term follow-up. Anal incontinence was scored by a combination of Wexner’s and St. Mark’s incontinence scores. The patients also reported degree of treatment satisfaction. Results Twenty patients were examined preoperatively and after a median (range) of 5 (2–62), 102 (64–162), and 220 (183–278) months. Corresponding incontinence scores were 11.5 (5–18), 5.5 (1–17) ( p  &lt; 0.01), 10.0 (0–18) ( p  &gt; 0.05), and 12.0. (1–18) ( p  &gt; 0.05). With increasing follow-up times, patients reporting a better outcome were 75%, 65%, and 45%. At very long-term follow-up patients, reports were more dismal than expected in those also reporting improved incontinence cores. Incontinence scores did not improve in patients with neuropathy ( n  = 5) or patients ( n  = 5) with more than 10 years of symptoms. Conclusion Initial improvement of anal incontinence attenuated with time, in particular from short- to long-term follow-up. Patients with neuropathy experienced no improvement of incontinence. Beyond stoma formation, in compliant patients, one should consider other treatment options like sacral nerve stimulation and neosphincter formation.

• Hauge, Tobias; Amdal, Cecilie Delphin; Falk, Ragnhild Sørum; Johannessen, Hans Olaf & Johnson, Egil (2020). Long-term outcome in patients operated with hybrid esophagectomy for esophageal cancer - a cohort study. Acta Oncologica. ISSN 0284-186X. 59(7), p. 859–865. doi: 10.1080/0284186X.2020.1750694. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background: Over the past two decades, hybrid and total minimally invasive esophagectomy for esophageal cancer (EC) has increasingly been implemented with the aim to improve morbidity, functional result and ultimately the prognosis in these patients. However, more results are warranted and in this single-center study we report long-time outcome in a cohort of cancer patients treated with hybrid esophagectomy (HE). Material and methods: Hundred and nine patients with EC operated with HE from November 2007 to June 2013 were included. Clinical, pathological and survival data were retrieved from the patient administration system and the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry. Patients alive were asked to fill out the Ogilvie dysphagia score, EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-OG25. Survival was analyzed by Kaplan–Meier’s method and prognostic factors by uni- and multivariable Cox regression analyses. Results: Median overall follow-up time was 55 months (range 2–135) after R0-2 resection (n = 109) and 76 months (5–135) for R0 resection (n = 100). Five-year overall survival rate was 49% and 53%, respectively. Anastomotic leakage rate and 90-days mortality were 5% and 2%, respectively. Six patients (6%) had later surgery for metastases to mediastinum, hepatoduodenal ligament, brain, lung, liver or bladder median 26 months (4–51) after HE. Forty-one out of 51 patients alive (80%) filled out questionnaires after median 65.5 months (63–123) follow-up. All patients could eat normal food without (n = 37) or with (n = 4) problems. Nearly, half of the patients reported problems with reflux, one-third experienced fatigue and anxiety while one out of four had weight loss and episodes of dyspnea. Conclusions: In this patient series, HE offered low postoperative mortality and good overall long-term survival. Most survivors maintained good quality of life more than five years post treatment. There was a low rate of serious postoperative complications.

• Durbeck, Annichen; Johannessen, Hans Olaf; Drolsum, Anders & Johnson, Egil (2020). Very long-term outcome after resection rectopexy for internal rectal intussusception. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. ISSN 0036-5521. 56(1), p. 122–127. doi: 10.1080/00365521.2020.1853221. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background Both at short- and long-term follow-up we have reported major improvement of the symptom of constipation in patients treated with resection rectopexy for internal rectal intussusception (IRI). The aim was to study whether this improvement also persisted in a cohort of these patients after very long-term follow-up. Methods Observational and mainly prospective study of a cohort of 13 out of 48 patients with IRI who initially had ligament-preserving resection rectopexy with suture by laparoscopic (n = 11) or open (n = 2) technique. Outcome measures were morbidity, scores for constipation and anal incontinence, patients’ report and HRQL. Results Thirteen out of the 48 initial patients (27%) reported data at very long-term follow-up. Months from preoperatively to short-, long- and very long-term follow-up were median 6, 76 and 159, respectively. Corresponding mean (95% CI) constipation scores were 11.5 (8.3–14.7), 4.2 (1.7–6.6) (p < .001), 5.3 (3.6–7.0) (p < .05) and 13.6 (8.2–19.0). Number of constipated patients were (score ≥ 10) were 8, 1, 0, 1 and 9, respectively. Scores for anal incontinence were 6.1 (2.4–11.4), 5.8 (2.0–9.5), 4.9 (0.9–9.0) and 7.9 (4.3–11.5), respectively. HRQL life was reduced for bodily pain, social functioning, mental health and general health perception. Percentage patients reporting symptomatic improvement were 100, 70 and 53, respectively. Conclusions Patients with IRI have a symptomatic relief for more than 6 years after resection rectopexy. The operation did not inflict permanent patient sequela. Motivated patients must be informed about very long-term deterioration of symptomatic relief.

• Hetland, Geir; Johnson, Egil; Bernardshaw, Soosaipillai & Grinde, Bjørn (2020). Can medicinal mushrooms have prophylactic or therapeutic effect against COVID-19 and its pneumonic superinfection and complicating inflammation? Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0300-9475. 93(1), p. 1–12. doi: 10.1111/sji.12937. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Medicinal mushrooms have documented effects against different diseases, including infections and inflammatory disorders. The related Basidiomycota Agaricus blazei Murill (AbM), Hericium erinaceus (HE), and Grifola frondosa (GF) have been shown to exert antimicrobial activity against viral agents, Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria, and parasites in vitro and in vivo. Since the mechanism is immunomodulatory and not antibiotical, the mushrooms should be active against multi‐drug resistant microbes as well. Moreover, since these Basidiomycota also have anti‐inflammatory properties, they may be suited for treatment of the severe lung inflammation that often follows COVID‐19 infection. An AbM‐based mushroom extract (Andosan™), also containing HE and GF, has been shown to significantly reduce bacteraemia and increase survival in mice with pneumococcal sepsis, and to improve symptoms and quality of life in IBD patients via an anti‐inflammatory effect. Hence, such mushroom extracts could have prophylactic or therapeutic effect against the pneumonic superinfection and severe lung inflammation that often complicates COVID‐19 infection. Here, we review antimicrobial and anti‐inflammatory properties of AbM, HE and GF mushrooms, which could be used for the battle against COVID‐19.

• Hauge, Tobias; Lie, Maria Isabel Lopes Romao Franc; Løberg, Else Marit; Hauge, Truls & Johnson, Egil (2020). Outcome after endoscopic treatment for dysplasia and superficial esophageal cancer - a cohort study. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. ISSN 0036-5521. 55(9), p. 1132–1138. doi: 10.1080/00365521.2020.1800813. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background Dysplasia and superficial esophageal cancer should initially be treated endoscopically. Little is known about post-procedural health-related quality of life (HRQL). The aim of this study was to present our results with endoscopic treatment and post-procedural HRQL. Materials and methods From June 2014 to December 2018, all patients treated with endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and/or radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for low-grade dysplasia (LGD), high-grade dysplasia (HGD), T1a and a minority of patients with T1b at Oslo University Hospital were prospectively included. In June 2019, all patients alive were scored according to the Ogilvie dysphagia score as well as the QLQ-C30 and QLQ-OG25 for assessment of HRQL. Results Eighty-six patients were treated out of whom 22 (26%) had LGD, 44 (51%) HGD, 13 (15%) T1a, and six patients (7%) T1b. Histology revealed adenocarcinoma in 18 (21%) and squamous cell carcinoma in one (1%), respectively. The mean follow-up was 22.9 months. Tumor regression or downstaging was archived in 78% of the patients with LGD, 66% of patients with HGD and in 89% of patients with T1a/b. Five patients (6%) had esophagectomy. There were few and no serious complications. The 90-days mortality was 1%. Fifty-two patients (88%) experienced no dysphagia (Ogilvie score 0). There was no difference in 11 out of the 15 variables in QLQ-C30 when compared to a non-cancerous reference population. Conclusions Endoscopic treatment is safe and efficient for treatment of dysplasia and superficial esophageal cancer. The two-years post-procedural level of HRQL and dysphagia was satisfactory.

• Hetland, Geir; Tangen, Jon-Magnus; Mahmood, Faiza; Mirlashari, Mohammad Reza; Nissen-Meyer, Lise Sofie Haug & Nentwich, Ivo [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2020). Antitumor, Anti-inflammatory and Antiallergic Effects of Agaricus blazei Mushroom Extract and the Related Medicinal Basidiomycetes Mushrooms, Hericium erinaceus and Grifola frondosa: A Review of Preclinical and Clinical Studies. Nutrients. 12(5), p. 1–19. doi: 10.3390/nu12051339. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Since the 1980s, medicinal effects have been documented in scientific studies with the related Basidiomycota mushrooms Agaricus blazei Murill (AbM), Hericium erinaceus (HE) and Grifola frondosa (GF) from Brazilian and Eastern traditional medicine. Special focus has been on their antitumor effects, but the mushrooms’ anti-inflammatory and antiallergic properties have also been investigated. The antitumor mechanisms were either direct tumor attack, e.g., apoptosis and metastatic suppression, or indirect defense, e.g., inhibited tumor neovascularization and T helper cell (Th) 1 immune response. The anti-inflammatory mechanisms were a reduction in proinflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress and changed gut microbiota, and the antiallergic mechanism was amelioration of a skewed Th1/Th2 balance. Since a predominant Th2 milieu is also found in cancer, which quite often is caused by a local chronic inflammation, the three conditions—tumor, inflammation and allergy—seem to be linked. Further mechanisms for HE were increased nerve and beneficial gut microbiota growth, and oxidative stress regulation. The medicinal mushrooms AbM, HE and GF appear to be safe, and can, in fact, increase longevity in animal models, possibly due to reduced tumorigenesis and oxidation. This article reviews preclinical and clinical findings with these mushrooms and the mechanisms behind them.

• Fagerhol, Magne Kristoffer; Johnson, Egil; Tangen, Jon-Magnus; Hollan, Ivana; Mirlashari, Mohammad Reza & Nissen-Meyer, Lise Sofie Haug [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2020). NETs Analyzed by Novel Calprotectin-Based Assays in Blood Donors, and Patients With Multiple Myeloma or Rheumatoid Arthritis. A Pilot Study. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0300-9475. 91(5), p. 1–5. doi: 10.1111/sji.12870. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Two novel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), designed to detect complexes containing DNA, leucocyte calprotectin and S100A12 proteins, were generated for improved specificity and rapid measurement of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). The assays were applied on plasma and serum samples from blood donors for establishment of reference values, and from patients with multiple myeloma (MM) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in order to examine putatively increased values in the two different inflammatory conditions. Although NETs were hardly detectable in healthy individuals, NET levels were as expected highly and statistically significantly increased in RA patients. The detection of statistically significantly increased NET levels in MM is a novel finding.

• Gharagozlian, Sedegheh; Mala, Tom; Brekke, Hilde Kristin; Kolbjørnsen, Lisa Cornelia; Ullerud, Åslaug Asgeirsdatter & Johnson, Egil (2020). Nutritional status, sarcopenia, gastrointestinal symptoms and quality of life after gastrectomy for cancer - A cross-sectional pilot study. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN. ISSN 2405-4577. 37, p. 195–201. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.03.001. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  <i>Background and aims</i> - Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, malabsorption, reduced food intake and weight loss are common sequela of gastrectomy. This can result in malnutrition with a subsequent prolonged recovery, reduced physical functioning and deteriorated quality of life (QoL). Few studies have investigated the relationship between GI-symptoms, QoL and malnutrition in long-term survivors of gastric cancer. Therefore, we assess nutritional status, GI-symptoms and QoL 2–5 years after gastrectomy for malignancy.<br><br> <i>Methods</i> - A cross-sectional, pilot study was carried out in patients who underwent total or subtotal gastrectomy at Oslo University Hospital between 2012 and 2016, who had not experienced disease recurrence. Subjects above 85 years were excluded. The nutritional status of the patients fell into three groups by a score of subjective global assessment (SGA)-A, B, and C. Muscle mass was measured by body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis and muscle strength was measured by handgrip strength (HGS). Dietary intake was assessed by repeated 24-h dietary recalls. GI-symptoms and QoL were assessed using GI-Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) and the SF-36 questionnaire.<br><br> <i>Results</i> - 21 patients were included. Mean (SD) weight loss was 12.8% (11.6) from preoperative status to follow up. Percentage weight loss was larger after total gastrectomy compared with subtotal gastrectomy (17.9% (12.3) vs. 6.6% (7.1) (p = 0.03)). A low mean intake of energy and protein was reported compared to dietary recommendations for the general Nordic population and intake in a national dietary survey. All of the patients were classified as pre-sarcopenic, and 5% as sarcopenic. Persistent weight loss >10% was observed in 45% of the subjects and these were in risk of malnutrition. Subjects with malnutrition had higher GSRS score for the abdominal pain syndrome (p = 0.042) and lower SF-36 scores for bodily pain (p = 0.01) and vitality (p = 0.02) compared with those without malnutrition.<br><br> <i>Conclusions</i> - A high prevalence of weight loss, and pre-sarcopenia was observed. Malnutrition as assessed by SGA was associated with more GI-Symptoms and reduced QoL scores. Further studies with larger number of participants are needed to verify our findings.

• Hauge, Tobias; Kleven, Ole Christian; Johnson, Egil; Hofstad, Bjørn & Johannessen, Hans Olaf (2019). Outcome after iatrogenic esophageal perforation. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. ISSN 0036-5521. 54(2), p. 140–144. doi: 10.1080/00365521.2019.1575464. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  OBJECTIVES: Iatrogenic perforations are the most common cause of esophageal perforation. We present our experience mainly based on a non-operative treatment approach as well as long-term outcome in these patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-one patients were treated for iatrogenic esophageal perforation at Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål from February 2007 to March 2014. The etiology of perforation was dilation of benign stricture in eight patients, either dilation, stenting or stent removal in four with malignant stenosis, during diagnostic endoscopy in four, removal of foreign body in two and by other causes in three patients, respectively. After median 82 months, 10 patients alive (47.6%) were sent questionnaires about dysphagia, HRQoL and fatigue. RESULTS: Median age at time of treatment was 66 years. Median in-hospital stay and mortality were 10.5 days and 4.8%, respectively. Initial treatment in 15 patients (71.4%) was non-surgical of whom one needed delayed debridement for pleural empyema. Initial treatment in six patients (28.6%) was surgical of whom three needed delayed stenting. Altogether 14 patients (66.7%) were stented. Eight (57.1%) had restenting. Median number of stents used was 1 (1-4). The stents were removed after median 36 days. The perforations healed after 2.5 months. After median 82 months, the patients reported reduced HRQoL. There was no significant difference regarding level of dysphagia and fatigue. CONCLUSIONS: We report satisfactorily short-term and long-term results of iatrogenic esophageal perforations. Mortality was low and HRQoL was deteriorated. Dysphagia and fatigue were comparable to a reference population.

• Johnson, Egil; Therkelsen, Stig Palm; Nentwich, Ivo; Nissen-Meyer, Lise Sofie Haug & Hetland, Geir (2019). IgE-sensitization to food and inhalant allergens in IBD patients compared with normal blood donors at Oslo University Hospital, Norway. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. ISSN 0036-5521. 54(9), p. 1107–1110. doi: 10.1080/00365521.2019.1663445. Full text in Research Archive
• Hauge, Tobias; Kleven, Ole Christian; Johnson, Egil; Hofstad, Bjørn & Johannessen, Hans Olaf (2018). Outcome after stenting and debridement for spontaneous esophageal rupture. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. ISSN 0036-5521. 53(4), p. 398–402. doi: 10.1080/00365521.2018.1448886. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  OBJECTIVES: Surgical repair has been the most common treatment of esophageal effort rupture (Boerhaave syndrome). Stent-induced sealing of the perforation has increasingly been used with promising results. We present our eight years´ experience with stent-based and organ-preserving treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Medical records of 15 consecutive patients with Boerhaave syndrome from February 2007 to May 2015 were retrospectively registered in a database. Treatment was sealing of the perforation by stenting, chest tube drainage and débridement of the contaminated thorax. After median 25 months nine out of 10 patients responded to questions on fatigue and Ogilvie's dysphagia score. RESULTS: Fifteen patients, aged median 67.5 years (range 39-88), had a primary hospital stay of 20 days (range 1-80 days). Overall in-hospital mortality was 13%. Observation time was 44 months (range 0-87) and 10 patients were alive of August 2017. Ten patients (67%) needed surgical chest débridement. Five patients (33%) were restented for leakage, migration and for stent removal. Eleven patients (73%) had complications, which included pleural empyema (n = 4), fatal aortic bleeding, lung arterial bleeding, lung embolism, drain-induced lung laceration and respiratory failure. Dysphagia score was low (median 0.5) meaning that they were able to feed themselves. Total fatigue score (mean 14.6) was slightly increased (p = .05) compared with a reference population. CONCLUSIONS: The mortality rate after initial stenting of effort rupture seems to be comparable to standard surgical repair. Most patients required further intervention, either by restenting and/or surgical débridement. The functional result in these patients was satisfactory.

• Claassen, Yvette H.M.; Dikken, Johan L.; Hartgrink, Henk H.; Steur, Wobbe O. de; Slingerland, Marije & Verhoeven, Rob Henricus Andreas [Show all 18 contributors for this article] (2018). North European comparison of treatment strategy and survival in older patients with resectable gastric cancer: A EURECCA upper gastrointestinal group analysis. European Journal of Surgical Oncology. ISSN 0748-7983. 44(12), p. 1982–1989. doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2018.09.014. Full text in Research Archive
• Haug, Helene Marie; Johnson, Egil; Mala, Tom; Førland, Dag T.; Søvik, Torgeir Thorson & Johannessen, Hans Olaf (2018). Incarcerated paraesophagel hernia complicated by pancreatic damage and unusual comorbidity: Two retrospective case series. International Journal of Surgery Case Reports (IJSCR). 54, p. 75–78. doi: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2018.11.064. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Introduction: About 1% of paraesophageal hernias (PEH) require emergency surgery due to obstruction or gangrene. We present two complicated cases of incarcerated PEH. Presentation of cases: A patient aged 18 with trisomy 21 was admitted after four days of vomiting and epigastric pain. CT scan revealed a large PEH. The stomach was massively dilated with compression of adjacent viscera and the celiac trunk. The stomach was repositioned laparoscopically and deflated by endoscopy in an attemptto avoid resection. During second look laparoscopy a gastrectomy was necessary. The patient was reoperated for intestinal obstruction, and treated for dehiscence of the esophagojejunostomy and a pancreatic fistula. A patient aged 65 with hereditary spastic paresis had two days history of emesis and epigastric pain. Upon arrival he was hemodynamically unstable and a CT scan revealed perforation of the herniated stomach. A subtotal gastrectomy without reconstruction was performed with vacuum closure of the abdomen. Later a gastrectomy was completed with a Roux-en-Y reconstruction. Except from reoperation for wound dehiscence after 14 days, the recovery was uneventful. Discussion: Trisomy 21 and hereditary spastic paresis may increase the risk of developing PEH. Challenges in regard to symptom evaluation may delay diagnosis. The pressure ofthe dilated stomach can give rise to ischemic and mechanical damage from compression of major blood vessels and organs. Urgent diagnosis and gastric deflation is required. Conclusions: In patients with known PEH or with comorbidity that may increase the risk of PEH, this diagnosis should be considered early on.

• Claassen, Y H M; Bastiannet, E; Hartgrink, H H; Dikken, J L; Steur, W O de & Slingerland, M [Show all 19 contributors for this article] (2018). International comparison of treatment strategy and survival in metastatic gastric cancer. BJS Open. 3(1), p. 56–61. doi: 10.1002/bjs5.103. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background: In the randomized Asian REGATTA trial, no survival benefit was shown for additional gastrectomy over chemotherapy alone in patients with advanced gastric cancer with a single incurable factor, thereby discouraging surgery for these patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate treatment strategies for patients with metastatic gastric cancer in daily practice in five European countries, along with relative survival in each country. Methods: Nationwide population‐based data from Belgium, Denmark, the Netherlands, Norway and Sweden were combined. Patients with primary metastatic gastric cancer diagnosed between 2006 and 2014 were included. The proportion of gastric resections performed and the administration of chemotherapy (irrespective of surgery) within each country were determined. Relative survival according to country was calculated. Results: Overall, 15 057 patients with gastric cancer were included. The proportion of gastric resections varied from 8·1 per cent in the Netherlands and Denmark to 18·3 per cent in Belgium. Administration of chemotherapy was 39·2 per cent in the Netherlands, compared with 63·2 per cent in Belgium. The 6‐month relative survival rate was between 39·0 (95 per cent c.i. 37·8 to 40·2) per cent in the Netherlands and 54·1 (52·1 to 56·9) per cent in Belgium. Conclusion: There is variation in the use of gastrectomy and chemotherapy in patients with metastatic gastric cancer, and subsequent differences in survival.

• Hauge, Tobias; Kleven, Ole Christian; Johnson, Egil; Hofstad, Bjørn & Johannessen, Hans Olaf (2018). Outcome after accidental food bolus-induced esophageal perforation. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. ISSN 0036-5521. 53(8), p. 905–909. doi: 10.1080/00365521.2018.1495760. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  OBJECTIVES: Food bolus-induced esophageal perforation is much more seldom than iatrogenic and emetic esophageal rupture. We present results from a non-operative treatment approach as well as long-term functional outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Medical records of 10 consecutive patients with food bolus-induced esophageal perforation from October 2007 to May 2015 were retrospectively registered in a database. Six patients developed perforation related to endoscopic removal of impacted food, and four during esophageal passage of bone, meat or bread. Treatment was sealing the perforation by stenting (n = 7) with (n = 4) or without (n = 3) chest tube drainage, chest tube drainage (n = 1), observation (n = 1) and gastroesophageal resection (n = 1) because of concomitant emesis of gastric effluent. After median 51 months nine patients reported about dysphagia, fatigue and health-related quality of life. RESULTS: Ten patients aged median 62.5 years (range 30-85) stayed in our hospital for 12 days (5-68 days). There was no treatment-related mortality. Nine patients were alive 63 months (18-126) after perforation. Five needed restenting (leakage, migration, impacted stent), two had drainage of a mediastinal abscess, one patient developed a transient esophagobronchial fistula. Dysphagia score was 0 (0-1). One patient developed dysphagia for some solid food. Scores for fatigue and HRQoL was similar to a Norwegian reference population. CONCLUSION: Treatment mainly with a non-operative approach occurred without mortality. Complications were handled by restenting and abscess drainage. Functional result for dysphagia was excellent. Interesting results on fatigue and HRQoL must be interpreted with caution because of a limited patient material.

• Mala, Tom; Johannessen, Hans Olaf; Førland, Dag T.; Jacobsen, Thor & Johnson, Egil (2018). Laparoskopisk reseksjon av ventrikkelcancer ved Oslo universitetssykehus, Ullevål 2015-18. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening (Tidsskriftet). ISSN 0029-2001. 138(18), p. 1–10. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.18.0404. Full text in Research Archive
• Farnes, Ingvild; Johnson, Egil & Johannessen, Hans Olaf (2017). Management of gastric conduit retention following hybrid and minimally invasive esophagectomy for esophageal cancer: Two retrospective case series. International Journal of Surgery Case Reports (IJSCR). 41, p. 505–510. doi: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2017.11.040. Full text in Research Archive
• Amdal, Cecilie Delphin; Jacobsen, Anne-Birgitte; Falk, Ragnhild Sørum; Johnson, Egil; Os, Silje Skjelsvik & Warloe, Trond [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2017). Improved treatment decisions in patients with esophageal cancer. Acta Oncologica. ISSN 0284-186X. 56(10), p. 1286–1294. doi: 10.1080/0284186X.2017.1346379. Full text in Research Archive
• Therkelsen, Stig Palm; Hetland, Geir; Lyberg, Torstein; Lygren, Idar & Johnson, Egil (2016). Cytokine Levels After Consumption of a Medicinal Agaricus blazei Murill-Based Mushroom Extract, AndoSan™ , in Patients with Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis in a Randomized Single-Blinded Placebo-Controlled Study. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0300-9475. 84(6), p. 323–331. doi: 10.1111/sji.12476. Full text in Research Archive
• Therkelsen, Stig Palm; Hetland, Geir; Lyberg, Torstein; Lygren, Idar & Johnson, Egil (2016). Effect of a medicinal agaricus blazei murill- based mushroom extract, andosan™, on symptoms, fatigue and quality of life in patients with ulcerative colitis in a randomized single-blinded placebo controlled study. PLOS ONE. 11(3). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150191. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background Ingestion of AndoSan™, based on the mushroom Agaricus blazei Murill, has previously been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory effects because of reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines in healthy individuals and patients with ulcerative colitis. In this randomized single-blinded placebo controlled study we examined whether intake of AndoSan™also resulted in clinical effects. Methods and Findings 50 patients with symptomatic ulcerative colitis were block-randomized and blinded for oral daily intake of AndoSan™or placebo for the 21 days’ experimental period. The patients reported scores for symptoms, fatigue and health related quality of life (HRQoL) at days 0, 14 and 21. Fecal calprotectin and general blood parameters were also analyzed. In the AndoSan™group (n = 24) symptoms improved from baseline (day 0) to days 14 and 21, with respective mean scores (95% CI) of 5.88 (4.92–6.83), 4.71 (3.90–5.52) (p = 0.002) and 4.50 (3.70–5.30) (p = 0.001). Corresponding improved mean scores (±SD) for total fatigue were 16.6 (5.59), 14.1 (4.50) (p = 0.001) and 15.1 (4.09) (p = 0.023). These scores in the placebo group (n = 26) were not improved. When comparing the two study groups using mixed model statistics, we found significant better scores for the AndoSan™-patients. HRQoL for dimensions bodily pain, vitality, social functioning and mental health improved in the AndoSan™group. There were no alterations in general blood samples and fecal calprotectin. Conclusions Beneficiary effects on symptoms, fatigue and HRQoL from AndoSan™consumption were demonstrated in this per-protocol study, supporting its use as a supplement to conventional medication for patients with mild to moderate symptoms from ulcerative colitis. The patients did not report any harms or unintended effects of AndoSan™in this study. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01496053

• Therkelsen, Stig Palm; Hetland, Geir; Lyberg, Torstein; Lygren, Idar & Johnson, Egil (2016). Effect of the medicinal agaricus blazei murill-based mushroom extract, andosantm, on symptoms, fatigue and quality of life in patients with Crohn's disease in a randomized single-blinded placebo controlled study. PLOS ONE. 11:e0159288(7). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159288. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background Ingestion of AndoSanTM, based on the mushroom Agaricus blazei Murill, has previously shown an anti-inflammatory effect through reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines in healthy individuals and patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). In this randomized singleblinded placebo-controlled study we examined whether intake of AndoSanTM also resulted in clinical effects. Methods and Findings 50 patients with symptomatic CD were randomized for oral daily consumption of Ando-SanTM or placebo for a 21-day experimental period, in this per-protocol study. Patients reported validated scores for symptoms, fatigue and health related quality of life (HRQoL) at days 0, 14 and 21. Fecal calprotectin and general blood parameters were also analyzed. In the AndoSanTM group (n = 25) symptoms improved from baseline (day 0) to days 14 and 21, with respective mean scores (95% CI) of 5.52 (4.64–6.40), 4.48 (3.69–5.27) and 4.08 (3.22–4.94) (p<0,001). We found significant improvements in symptom score for both genders in the AndoSanTM group, and no significant changes in the placebo (n = 25) group. There were however no significant differences between the groups (p = 0.106), although a marginal effect in symptom score for men (p = 0.054). There were comparable improvements in physical, mental and total fatigue for both groups. HRQoL versus baseline were at day 21 improved for bodily pain and vitality in the AndoSanTM group and for vitality and social functioning in the placebo group. No crucial changes in general blood samples and fecal calprotectin were detected. Conclusions The results from this single-blinded randomized clinical trial shows significant improvement on symptoms, for both genders, in the AndoSanTM group, but no significant differences between the study groups. The results on fatigue, HRQoL, fecal calprotectin and blood samples were quite similar compared with placebo. The patients did not report any harms or unintended effects of AndoSanTM. CD patients with mild to moderate symptomsmay have beneficiary effects of AndoSanTM as a safe supplement in addition to conventional medication. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01496053

• Grøtting, Marie Sæthre; Løberg, Else-Marit; Johannessen, Hans-Olaf & Johnson, Egil (2016). Reseksjon for oesophaguscancer - komplikasjoner og overlevelse. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening (Tidsskriftet). ISSN 0029-2001. 136(9), p. 809–813. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.15.1136. Full text in Research Archive
• Therkelsen, Stig Palm; Hetland, Geir; Johnson, Egil & Nentwich, Ivo (2015). AndosanTM-an anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory ingredint prepared from Agaricus blazei Mushroom. Journal of Clinical & Cellular Immunology. 6(2), p. 1-10–1-10. doi: 10.4172/2155-9899.1000320. Full text in Research Archive
• Klevebro, Fredrik; Johnsen, Gjermund; Johnson, Egil; Viste, Asgaut; Myrnäs, Torbjörn & Szabo, Eva [Show all 13 contributors for this article] (2015). Morbidity and mortality after surgery for cancer of the oesophagus and gastro-oesophageal junction: A randomized clinical trial of neoadjuvant chemotherapy vs. neoadjuvant chemoradiation. European Journal of Surgical Oncology. ISSN 0748-7983. 41(7), p. 920–926. doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2015.03.226. Full text in Research Archive
• Hugin, Silje Hee; Johnson, Egil; Johannessen, Hans Olaf; Hofstad, Bjørn; OLAFSEN, KJELL & Mellem, Harald (2015). Gastrobronchial fistula following minimally invasive esophagectomy for esophageal cancer in a patient With myotonic dystrophy: Case Report. International Journal of Surgery Case Reports (IJSCR). doi: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2015.10.023. Full text in Research Archive
• Vogel, Lotte K.; Sæbø, Mona; Høyer, Helle; Kopp, Tine Iskov; Vogel, Ulla & Godiksen, Sine [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2014). Intestinal PTGS2 mRNA Levels, PTGS2 Gene Polymorphisms, and Colorectal Carcinogenesis. PLOS ONE. 9(8). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105254. Full text in Research Archive
• Hauge, Tobias; Johnson, Egil; Sandstad, Olav; Johannessen, Hans Olaf & TRONDSEN, ERIK (2014). Kirurgisk behandling av epifrenisk oesophagusdivertikkel. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening (Tidsskriftet). ISSN 0029-2001. 134(10), p. 1047–1050. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.13.1336. Full text in Research Archive
• Hovde, Øistein; Lie, Øyvind Haugen; Johansson, Per A; Stubhaug, Øystein; Johnson, Egil & Hofstad, Bjørn [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2013). Iatrogenic esophago-tracheal fistula: Challenges in diagnosis and management. World Journal of Gastroenterology (WJG). ISSN 1007-9327. 19(4), p. 594–596. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i4.594. Full text in Research Archive
• Hetland, Geir; Johnson, Egil; Eide, Dag Markus; Grinde, Bjørn; Samuelsen, Anne Berit C. & Wiker, Harald G (2013). Antimicrobial effects of beta-glucans and pectin and of the Agaricus blazei-based mushroom extract, AndoSanTM. Examples of mouse models for pneumococcal-, fecal bacterial-, and mycobacterial infections. In Mendez-Vilas, A. (Eds.), Microbial pathogens and strategies for combating them: science, technology and education. Formatex Research Center. ISSN 9788494213403. p. 889–898. Full text in Research Archive
• Kolseth, Ingrid Moss; Førland, Dag T.; Risøe, Petter Kirkeby; Kjeldsen, Signe Flood; Ågren, Joanna & Reseland, Janne Elin [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2012). Human monocyte responses to lipopolysaccharide and 9-cis retinoic acid after laparoscopic surgery for colon cancer. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation. ISSN 0036-5513. 72(8), p. 593–601. doi: 10.3109/00365513.2012.721520. Full text in Research Archive
• Johnson, Egil; Førland, Dag T.; Hetland, Geir; Sætre, Karin Lisbeth; Olstad, Ole Kristoffer & Lyberg, Torstein (2012). Effect of AndoSan (TM) on expression of adhesion molecules and production of reactive oxygen species in human monocytes and granulocytes in vivo. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. ISSN 0036-5521. 47(8-9), p. 984–992. doi: 10.3109/00365521.2012.660544. Full text in Research Archive
• Førland, Dag T.; Johnson, Egil; Sætre, Karin Lisbeth; Lyberg, Torstein; Lygren, Idar & Hetland, Geir (2011). Effect of an Extract Based on the Medicinal Mushroom Agaricus blazei Murill on Expression of Cytokines and Calprotectin in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's disease. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0300-9475. 73(1), p. 66–75. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2010.02477.x. Full text in Research Archive
• Hauge, Tobias; Johannessen, Hans Olaf; Løberg, Else Marit & Johnson, Egil (2011). Reseksjon for cancer ventriculi. Kirurgen. ISSN 1504-8888. Full text in Research Archive
• Wik, Tom-Andreas; Hjorthaug, Jon Backer; Johannessen, Hans Olaf & Johnson, Egil (2011). Sigmoidostomy-related parastomal hernia. Scandinavian Journal of Surgery. ISSN 1457-4969. 100(3), p. 186–189. Full text in Research Archive
• Bornholdt, Jette; Friis, Stine; Godiksen, Sine; Poulsen, Steen S.; Santoni-Rugiu, Eric & Bisgaard, Hanne C. [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2011). The level of claudin-7 is reduced as an early event in colorectal carcinogenesis. BMC Cancer. 11. doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-11-65. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background Compromised epithelial barriers are found in dysplastic tissue of the gastrointestinal tract. Claudins are transmembrane proteins important for tight junctions. Claudins regulate the paracellular transport and are crucial for maintaining a functional epithelial barrier. Down-regulation of the oncogenic serine protease, matriptase, induces leakiness in epithelial barriers both in vivo and in vitro. We found in an in-silico search tight co-regulation between matriptase and claudin-7 expression. We have previously shown that the matriptase expression level decreases during colorectal carcinogenesis. In the present study we investigated whether claudin-7 expression is likewise decreased during colorectal carcinogenesis, thereby causing or contributing to the compromised epithelial leakiness of dysplastic tissue. Methods The mRNA level of claudin-7 (CLDN7) was determined in samples from 18 healthy individuals, 100 individuals with dysplasia and 121 colorectal cancer patients using quantitative real time RT-PCR. In addition, immunohistochemical stainings were performed on colorectal adenomas and carcinomas, to confirm the mRNA findings. Results A 2.7-fold reduction in the claudin-7 mRNA level was found when comparing the biopsies from healthy individuals with the biopsies of carcinomas (p < 0.001). Reductions in the claudin-7 mRNA levels were also detected in mild/moderate dysplasia (p < 0.001), severe dysplasia (p < 0.01) and carcinomas (p < 0.01), compared to a control sample from the same individual. The decrease at mRNA level was confirmed at the protein level by immunohistochemical stainings. Conclusions Our results show that the claudin-7 mRNA level is decreased already as an early event in colorectal carcinogenesis, probably contributing to the compromised epithelial barrier in adenomas.

• Andersson, Thea; Lunde, Ole Christian; Johnson, Egil; Moum, Torbjørn & Nesbakken, Arild (2011). Long-term functional outcome and quality of life after restorative proctocolectomy with ileo-anal anastomosis for colitis. Colorectal Disease. ISSN 1462-8910. 13(4), p. 431–437. doi: 10.1111/j.1463-1318.2009.02163.x. Full text in Research Archive
• Hetland, Geir; Johnson, Egil; Lyberg, Torstein & Kvalheim, Gunnar (2011). The Mushroom Agaricus blazei Murill Elicits Medicinal Effects on Tumor, Infection, Allergy, and Inflammation through Its Modulation of Innate Immunity and Amelioration of Th1/Th2 Imbalance and Inflammation. Advances in Pharmacological Sciences. ISSN 1687-6334. doi: 10.1155/2011/157015. Full text in Research Archive
• Førland, Dag T.; Johnson, Egil; Tryggestad, Anne Merete Aaland; Lyberg, Torstein & Hetland, Geir (2010). An extract based on the medicinal mushroom Agaricus blazei Murill stimulates monocyte-derived dendritic cells to cytokine and chemokine production in vitro. Cytokine. ISSN 1043-4666. 49(3), p. 245–250. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2009.09.002. Full text in Research Archive
• Johnson, Egil; Carlsen, Erik; STEEN, THORBJØRN; Hjorthaug, Jon Backer; Eriksen, Morten Tandberg & Johannessen, Hans Olaf (2010). Short- and long-term results of secondary anterior sphincteroplasty in 33 patients with obstetric injury. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. ISSN 0001-6349. 89(11), p. 1466–1472. doi: 10.3109/00016349.2010.519019. Full text in Research Archive
• Andersson, Thea; Lunde, OC; Johnson, Egil; Moum, Torbjørn & Nesbakken, Arild (2009). Long-term functional outcome and quality of life after restorative proctocolectomy with ileo-anal anastomosis for colitis. Colorectal Disease. ISSN 1462-8910. Full text in Research Archive
• Johnson, Egil; Førland, Dag T.; Sætre, Lisbeth; Bernardshaw, S; Lyberg, Torstein & Hetland, Geir (2009). Effect of an Extract Based on the Medicinal Mushroom Agaricus blazei Murill on Release of Cytokines, Chemokines and Leukocyte Growth Factors in Human Blood Ex Vivo and In Vivo. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0300-9475. 69(3), p. 242–250. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2008.02218.x. Full text in Research Archive
• Hetland, Geir; Johnson, Egil; Lyberg, Torstein; Bernardshaw, Soosaipillai; Tryggestad, AMA & Grinde, Bjørn (2008). Effects of the Medicinal Mushroom Agaricus blazei Mutill on Immunity, Infection and Cancer. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0300-9475. 68, p. 363–370. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2008.02156.x. Full text in Research Archive
• Hetland, Geir; Johnson, Egil; Lyberg, T; Bernardshaw, S; Tryggestad, AMA & Grinde, Bjørn (2008). Effects of the medicinal mushroom Agaricus blazei murill on immunity, infection and cancer. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0300-9475. 68, p. 363–370. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2008.02156.x. Full text in Research Archive
• Johnson, Egil; Stangeland, Linn Aimee; Johannessen, HO & Carlsen, E. (2007). Resection rectopecy for external rectal prolapse reduces constipation and anal incontinence. Scandinavian Journal of Surgery. ISSN 1457-4969. 96. Full text in Research Archive
• Skjelbred, Camilla Furu; Sæbø, Mona; Wallin, Håkan; Nexø, Bjørn Andersen; Hagen, Per Chr. & Lothe, Inger Marie Bowitz [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2006). Polymorphisms of the XRCC1, XRCC3 and XPD genes and risk of colorectal adenoma and carcinoma, in a Norwegian cohort: a case control study. BMC Cancer. 6, p. 67–67. doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-6-67. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Conclusion: Our results suggest an increased risk for advanced colorectal neoplasia in individuals with the XRCC1 Arg280His polymorphism and a reduced risk associated with the XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism. Interestingly, individuals with the XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism had an increased risk of low-risk adenomas. This may suggest a role in regression of adenomas.

• Hansen, R.; Saebo, M.; Skjelbred, CF; Hagen, PC; Bock, G & Lothe, IM Bowitz [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2005). GPX Pro198Leu and OGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphisms and risk of development of colorectal adenomas and colorectal cancer. Cancer Letters. ISSN 0304-3835. 229(1), p. 85–91. Full text in Research Archive
• Ellertsen, L; Hetland, G & Johnson, Egil (2005). Effect of a medicinal extract from Agaricus blazei Murill on gene expression in humanmonocytes. International Immunopharmacology. ISSN 1567-5769. 6, p. 133–143. Full text in Research Archive
• Bernardshaw, S.; Johnson, Egil & Hetland, G. (2005). An extract of the mushroom Agaricus blazei Murill adminitered orally protects against systemic Streptococcus pneumoniae infection in mice. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0300-9475. p. 393–398. Full text in Research Archive
• Hansen, Rikke; Sæbø, Mona; Skjelbred, Camilla Furu; Nexø, Bjørn Andersen; Hagen, Per Chr. & Bock, Gunter [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2005). GPX Pro 198Leu and OGGl Ser326Cys polymorphisms and risk of development of colorectal adenomas and colorectal cancer. Cancer Letters. ISSN 0304-3835. 229(1), p. 85–91. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2005.04.019. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Little is known about genetic risk factors for colorectal cancer. We assessed the association between polymorphisms in two genes involved in DNA repair of oxidative stress, GPX and OGGl, and risk of colorectal carcinoma or adenomas. We studied 166 cases with adenocarcinoma, 974 with adenomas and 397 controls recruited from the Norwegian cohort NORCCAP. No associations were found between the polymorphism GPX Pro 198Leu and risk of colorectal adenomas or carcinomas. Carriers of the variant allele OGGl Ser326Cys polymorphism had a lowered risk of colorectal cancer, OR=0,56 (95% confidence interval 0.33-0.95), while no association were found with risk of adenomas. This indicates that a low repair capacity of oxidative DNA damage may not be a risk factor for development of colorectal adenomas or carcinoma.

• Johnson, Egil; Gjerlaug, BE; Holck-Steen, A; Johannessen, H.O.; Enden, T & Noreng, HJ [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2005). Kirurgi og stenting for cancer oesophagi. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening (Tidsskriftet). ISSN 0029-2001. Full text in Research Archive
• Mjåland, O; Bakken, I J; Skjeldestad, F.E. & Johnson, Egil (2005). Operasjon for lyske- og lårbrokk i Norge 1990 - 2003. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening (Tidsskriftet). ISSN 0029-2001. 125, p. 1338–1340. Full text in Research Archive
• Johnson, Egil; Carlsen, Erik; Mjåland, O. & Drolsum, Anders (2004). Intern invaginasjon i rectum behandlet med rektopeksi og sigmoideumreseksjon. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening (Tidsskriftet). ISSN 0029-2001. 124(5), p. 632–633. Full text in Research Archive
• Andersen, Geir Øystein; Johnson, Egil; Grønset, K. & Jacobsen, Dag (2004). En 25 år gammel kvinne med magesmerter og respirasjonssvikt. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening (Tidsskriftet). ISSN 0029-2001. p. 2495-2497 : ill.–2495-2497 : ill.. Full text in Research Archive
• Bakken, I.J.; Skjeldestad, F.E.; Mjåland, O. & Johnson, Egil (2004). Kolecystektomi i Norge 1990 - 2002. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening (Tidsskriftet). ISSN 0029-2001. 124(18). Full text in Research Archive
• Olafsson, S. & Johnson, Egil (2004). Alkoholmisbruk med kronisk obstruktiv lungesykdom og hematemese. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening (Tidsskriftet). ISSN 0029-2001. 124(9), p. 1243–1244. Full text in Research Archive
• Johannessen, Hans-Olaf; Johnson, Egil; Clausen, Thomas & Mjåland, Odd (2004). Smerter og rehabiliteringsforløp etter lyskebrokkirurgi hos voksne menn. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening (Tidsskriftet). ISSN 0029-2001. p. 1916-1918 : ill.–1916-1918 : ill.. Full text in Research Archive
• Landsend, E.; Johnson, Egil; Johannessen, Hans-Olaf & Carlsen, E (2003). Kirurgisk behandling av analfissur. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening (Tidsskriftet). ISSN 0029-2001. 23(123), p. 3366–3367. Full text in Research Archive
• Bakken, I.J.; Mjåland, Odd; Johnson, Egil & Skjeldestad, Finn-Egil (2003). Kolecystektomi i Norge 1990-2002. Norsk Epidemiologi. ISSN 0803-2491. 13, p. 64–64. Full text in Research Archive
• Johnson, Egil; Carlsen, E; Mjåland, Odd & Stien, Ragnar (2003). Sekundær plastikk for sfinkterruptur ved anal inkontinens etter fødsel. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening (Tidsskriftet). ISSN 0029-2001. 17(123), p. 2443–2444. Full text in Research Archive
• Bakken, I.J.; Skjeldestad, Finn-Egil; Mjåland, Odd & Johnson, Egil (2003). Appendicitt og appendektomi i Norge 1990-2001. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening (Tidsskriftet). ISSN 0029-2001. 22(123), p. 3185–3188. Full text in Research Archive
• Johnson, Egil; Carlsen, E; Mjåland, Odd & Droslum, A. (2003). Resection rectopexy for internal rectal intussusception reduces constipation and incomplete evacuation of stool. European Journal of Surgery. ISSN 1102-4151. p. 51–56. Full text in Research Archive
• Langeggen, Harald; Berge, K.E.; Johnson, Egil & Hetland, Geir (2003). Human umbilical vein endothelial cells take up zymosan particles and secrete IL-6 and IL-8 in vitro. FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology. ISSN 0928-8244. 36(1-2), p. 55–61. Full text in Research Archive
• Langeggen, Harald; Berge, Knut Erik; Johnson, Egil & Hetland, Geir (2002). Human umbilical vein endothelial cells express complement receptor 1 (CD35) and complement receptor 4(CD11c/CD 18) in vitro. Inflammation. ISSN 0360-3997. 26(3), p. 103–109. Full text in Research Archive
• Mjåland, Odd; Johnson, Egil & Myrvold, Helge (2002). laparoskopisk kirurgi i Norge. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening (Tidsskriftet). ISSN 0029-2001. 26(122), p. 2520–2523. Full text in Research Archive

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• Hauge, Tobias; Franco-Lie, Isabel; Amdal, Cecilie Delphin; Hauge, Truls & Johnson, Egil (2020). LEVEL OF DYSPHAGIA AND QUALITY OF LIFE FOLLOWING ENDOSCOPIC TREATMENT OF LOW-GRADE DYSPLASIA AND SUPERFICIAL ESOPHAGEAL CANCER. Diseases of the esophagus. ISSN 1120-8694. 33. Full text in Research Archive
• Hauge, Tobias; Franco-Lie, Isabel; Hauge, Truls & Johnson, Egil (2020). THE 5-YEAR RESULTS FOR ENDOSCOPIC TREATMENT OF SUPERFICIAL ESOPHAGEAL CANCER AT A NORWEGIAN UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL. Diseases of the esophagus. ISSN 1120-8694. 33. Full text in Research Archive
• Hetland, Geir; Tryggestad, Anne Merete Aaland; Espevik, Terje; Ryan, Liv; Tangen, Jon-Magnus & Johnson, Egil [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2010). The medicinal and antitumour mushroom, agaricus blazei murill, activates NF-KB via TLR2 in monocytic cells and induces expression of cell surface markers and production of cytokines in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDC) in vitro. European Journal of Cancer. ISSN 0959-8049. 8(5), p. 65–65. Full text in Research Archive
• Hetland, Geir; Tryggestad, Anne Merete Aaland; Espevik, Terje; Ryan, Liv; Tangen, Jon-Magnus & Johnson, Egil [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2010). The Medicinal and Antitumor Mushroom, Agaricus Blazei Murill, Activates NF-kappa B Via TLR2 but Not TLR4 In Monocytic Cells, and Stimulates Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells (MDDC) to Increased Cell Surface Marker Expression and Cytokine Production, and May Thus Have Adjuvant Effect In MDDC Cancer Vaccines. Blood. ISSN 0006-4971. 116(21), p. 1594–1594. Full text in Research Archive
• Førland, Dag T.; Johnson, Egil; Tryggestad, Anne Merete; Lyberg, Torstein & Hetland, Geir (2009). The edible mushroom Agaricus blazei Murill stimulates monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDC) to cytokine production in vitro. Full text in Research Archive
• Førland, Dag T.; Hetland, Geir; Lyberg, Torstein; Sætre, Lisbeth; Lygren, Idar & Johnson, Egil (2009). Oral intake of an extract based on the medicinal mushroom agaricus blazei murill alters levels of fecal calprotectin and pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients with ulcerative colitis and crohn’s disease. Full text in Research Archive
• Kolseth, Ingrid M. B.; Ågren, Joanna; Førland, Dag T.; Risøe, Petter Kirkeby; Lyngstadaas, Ståle Petter & Johnson, Egil [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2009). 9-cis retinoic acid modulates inflammatory responses in human monocytes. Full text in Research Archive
• Førland, Dag T.; Johnson, Egil & Johannessen, Hans-Olav (2009). RESIDIV ETTER OPERASJONER FOR EKSTERNT RECTUMPROLAPS ETTER DELORME`S OG ALTEMEIER`S OPERASJON. Full text in Research Archive
• Andersson, Thea; Lunde, Ole Christian; Johnson, Egil; Moum, Torbjørn & Nesbakken, Arild (2007). Livskvalitet hos pasienter operert med ileoanal anastomose og ileumreservoir. Full text in Research Archive
• Johnson, Egil (2005). Resultater ved reservoarkirurgi for ulcerøs kolitt. Full text in Research Archive
• Hofstad, B.; Brekke, M. & Johnson, Egil (2005). Gastroduodenale blødninger. Full text in Research Archive
• Johnson, Egil; Stangeland, A.; Johannessen, H.O. & Carlsen, E. (2005). Resection rectopexy for rectal proplapse reduces constipation. Full text in Research Archive
• BERNARDSHAW, SOOSAIPILLAI; Johnson, Egil & Hetland, G. (2004). Extract of the mushroom Agaricus blazei Murill administered orally protects against systemic Streptococcus pneumoniae infection in mice. Full text in Research Archive
• Nilsen, LK; Grinde, B; BERNARDSHAW, SOOSAIPILLAI; Gayorfar, M.; Johnson, Egil & Hetland, G. (2004). The dible medicinal mushroom Agaricus blazei Murill stimulates gene expression and release of proinflammatory cytokines from monocytis in vitro. Full text in Research Archive
• Landsend, E.; Johnson, Egil; Johannessen, Hans Olaf & Carlsen, E. (2004). Forløpet ved Crohns Sykdom hos pasienter med mer enn 20 års observasjonstid. Full text in Research Archive
• Johannessen, Hans Olaf & Johnson, Egil (2004). Diagnostikk og primærbehandling av ca. coli hos pasienter 75 år og eldre. Full text in Research Archive
• Mjåland, O.; Johnson, Egil; Bakken, I.J. & Skjeldestad, F.E. (2004). Endringer i lårbrokk og lyskebrokk i Norge. Full text in Research Archive
• Solheim, B.; Johnson, Egil; Johannessen, Hans Olaf & Kåresen, Rolf (2004). Kirurgi ved benign øsofagusstriktur. To kasuistikker. Full text in Research Archive
• Bakken, I.J.; Skjeldestad, Finn-Egil; Mjåland, Odd & Johnson, Egil (2003). Appendektomi og appendisitt i Norge 1990-2001. Full text in Research Archive
• Landsend, E.; Johnson, Egil; Johannessen, Hans-Olaf & Carlsen, E (2003). Kirurgisk behandling av analfissur. Full text in Research Archive
• Mjåland, Odd; Johnson, Egil; Bakken, I.J. & Skjeldestad, Finn-Egil (2003). Kolecystektomi og innleggelser i sykehus for gallestenssykdom i Norge 1990-2002. Full text in Research Archive
• Johannessen, Hans-Olaf; Clausen, T.H.; Mjåland, Odd & Johnson, Egil (2003). Smerter og funksjon i forløpet etter dagkirurgisk behandling av lyskebrokk. En prospektiv randomisert studie. Full text in Research Archive
• Johannessen, Hans-Olaf; Clausen, Thomas; Mjåland, Odd & Johnson, Egil (2003). Smerter og rehablitering etter dagkirurgi for lyskebrokk. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Regionsmøte for Gastrointeresserte leger, Helseregion Øst.

• Johnson, Egil (2002). Behandling av hemorrhoider og rectumprolaps hos eldre i institusjon. Full text in Research Archive
• Johnson, Egil; Carlsen, E; Mjåland, Odd & Droslum, A. (2002). Resection rextopexy for internal rectal intussusception reduce rectal emptying difficulties and problems with constipation. Full text in Research Archive
• Langeggen, Harald; Namork, Ellen; Johnson, Egil & Hetland, Geir (2002). Complement mediated uptake of Opsonized particles by HUVEC. Full text in Research Archive
• Johannessen, H.O. & Johnson, Egil (2002). Chylothorax - en sjelden, men potensielt livstruende komplikasjon ved øsofagus-kirurgi. Full text in Research Archive
• Gjerlaug, B.E.; Hocksteen, A.; Johnson, Egil; Johannessen, H.O. & Carlsen, E (2002). Reseksjon for primær øsoaguscancer. Et 14-års materiale. Full text in Research Archive

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