Trygve Holmøy

• Lindeman, Ida; Polak, Justyna; Qiao, Shuo-Wang; Holmøy, Trygve; Høglund, Rune Alexander & Vartdal, Frode [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2022). Stereotyped B-cell responses are linked to IgG constant region polymorphisms in multiple sclerosis. European Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0014-2980. 52(4), p. 550–565. doi: 10.1002/eji.202149576.
• Olsen, Cathrine Goberg; Busk, Øyvind Løvold; Aanjesen, Tori Navestad; Alstadhaug, Karl Bjørnar; Bjørnå, Ingrid Kristine & Braathen, Geir Julius [Show all 28 contributors for this article] (2022). Genetic epidemiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in Norway - a 2-year population based study. Neuroepidemiology. ISSN 0251-5350. p. 1–22. doi: 10.1159/000525091. Show summary

  Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease that affects motor neurons. In Europe, disease-causing genetic variants have been identified in 40-70% of familial ALS patients and approximately in 5% of sporadic ALS patients. In Norway, the contribution of genetic variants to ALS has not yet been studied. In light of the potential development of personalized medicine, knowledge of genetic causes of ALS in a population is becoming increasingly important. The present study provides clinical and genetic data on familial and sporadic ALS patients in a Norwegian population-based cohort. Methods: Blood samples and clinical information from ALS patients were obtained at all 17 neurological departments throughout Norway during a 2-year period. Genetic analysis of the samples involved expansion analysis of C9orf72 and exome sequencing targeting 30 known ALS-linked genes. The variants were classified using genotype-phenotype correlations and bioinformatics tools. Results: A total of 279 ALS patients were included in the study. Of these, 11.5% had one or several family members affected with ALS, whereas 88.5% had no known family history of ALS. A genetic cause of ALS was identified in 31 individuals (11.1%), among which 18 (58.1%) were familial and 13 (41.9%) were sporadic. The most common genetic cause was the C9orf72 expansion (6.8%), which was identified in 8 familial and 11 sporadic ALS patients. Pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants of SOD1 and TBK1 were identified in 10 familial and 2 sporadic cases. C9orf72 expansions dominated in patients from the Northern and Central regions, whereas SOD1 variants dominated in patients from the South-Eastern region. Conclusion: In the present study, we identified several pathogenic gene variants in both familial and sporadic ALS patients. Restricting genetic analysis to only familial cases would miss more than 40 percent of those with a disease-causing genetic variant, indicating the need for genetic analysis in sporadic cases as well.

• Eid, Karine; Torkildsen, Øivind; Aarseth, Jan Harald; Aalstad, Mari; Bhan, Alok & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen [Show all 16 contributors for this article] (2022). Association of adverse childhood experiences with the development of multiple sclerosis. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. ISSN 0022-3050. 93, p. 645–650. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2021-328700.
• Nordfalk, Jenny Maria; Holmøy, Trygve; Thomas, Owen Matthew Truscott; Nylenna, Magne & Gulbrandsen, Pål (2022). Training physicians in providing complex information to patients with multiple sclerosis: a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open. ISSN 2044-6055. 12:e049817(3), p. 1–8. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049817.
• Nakken, Ola; Holmøy, Trygve; Stigum, Hein; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Dahl, Jesper & Heldal, Einar [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2022). Strong tuberculin response after BCG vaccination is associated with low multiple sclerosis risk: a population-based cohort study. International Journal of Epidemiology. ISSN 0300-5771. p. 1–8. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyac039. Show summary

  Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by inflammatory lesions in the central nervous system involving pro-inflammatory T-cells. Immune dysregulation is well described in prevalent disease, but it is not known whether this precedes disease development. Bacillus Calmette–Guerin (BCG) vaccination ameliorates MS-like disease in mice. In people vaccinated with BCG, the tuberculin skin test (TST) offers a standardized measure of a T-cell-mediated immune response. We therefore hypothesized that the strength of the TST response after BCG vaccination is associated with subsequent MS risk. Methods: Using data from a Norwegian tuberculosis screening programme (1963–1975), we designed a population-based cohort study and related the size of TST reactions in individuals previously vaccinated with BCG to later MS disease identified through the Norwegian MS registry. We fitted Cox proportional hazard models and flexible parametric survival models to investigate the association between TST reactivity, MS risk and its temporal relationship. Results: Among 279 891 participants (52% females), 679 (69% females) later developed MS. Larger TST reactivity was associated with decreased MS risk. The hazard ratio for MS per every 4-mm increase in skin induration size was 0.86 (95% confidence interval 0.76–0.96) and similar between sexes. The strength of the association persisted for >30 years after the TST. Conclusion: A strong in vivo vaccine response to BCG is associated with reduced MS risk >30 years later. The immunological mechanisms determining TST reactivity suggest that skewed T-cell-mediated immunity precedes MS onset by many decades.

• Kliest, Tessa; van Eijk, Ruben P. A.; Al-Chalabi, Ammar; Albanese, Alberto; Andersen, Peter M. & Amador, Maria Del Mar [Show all 57 contributors for this article] (2022). Clinical trials in pediatric ALS: a TRICALS feasibility study. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Degeneration. ISSN 2167-8421. doi: 10.1080/21678421.2021.2024856. Show summary

  Background: Pediatric investigation plans (PIPs) describe how adult drugs can be studied in children. In 2015, PIPs for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) became mandatory for European marketing-authorization of adult treatments, unless a waiver is granted by the European Medicines Agency (EMA).Objective: To assess the feasibility of clinical studies on the effect of therapy in children (

• Aspli, Klaus Thanke; Holmøy, Trygve; Flaten, Trond Peder; Whist, Jon Elling & Aaseth, Jan (2021). Skogholt’s disease—A tauopathy precipitated by iron and copper? Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology. ISSN 0946-672X. 70. doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126915. Full text in Research Archive
• Høglund, Rune Alexander; Meyer, Haakon Eduard; Stigum, Hein; Torkildsen, Øivind; Grytten, Nina & Holmøy, Trygve [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2021). Association of body mass index in Adolescence and young Adulthood and long-term risk of multiple Sclerosis: A Population-Based Study. Neurology. ISSN 0028-3878. 97(23), p. E2253–E2261. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000012957. Full text in Research Archive
• König, Marton; Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord; Torgauten, Hilde Marie; Tran, Trung; Schikora-Rustad, Stine & Vaage, Eline Benno [Show all 22 contributors for this article] (2021). Humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in multiple sclerosis: the relevance of time since last rituximab infusion and first experience from sporadic revaccinations. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. ISSN 0022-3050. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2021-327612. Full text in Research Archive
• Pihl-Jensen, Gorm; Meling, Eva Ødegaard; Skogen, Karoline; Jørstad, Øystein Kalsnes & Holmøy, Trygve (2021). En kvinne i 40-årene med ensidig tåkesyn og smerter ved øyebevegelse. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001. 141(9), p. 1–7. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.20.0932. Full text in Research Archive
• Holmøy, Trygve & Jørstad, Øystein Kalsnes (2021). Den første norske doktorgraden om multippel sklerose. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001. 141(5), p. 1–9. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.20.0993.
• Wesnes, Kristin; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Riise, Trond; Kvistad, Silje Agnethe Stokke; Torkildsen, Øivind & Wergeland, Stig [Show all 17 contributors for this article] (2021). Low vitamin D, but not tobacco use or high BMI, is associated with long-term disability progression in multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders. ISSN 2211-0348. 50:102801, p. 1–7. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.102801. Full text in Research Archive
• Eid, Karine; Torkildsen, Øivind Fredvik Grytten; Aarseth, Jan Harald; Flemmen, Heidi Øyen; Holmøy, Trygve & Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord [Show all 15 contributors for this article] (2021). Perinatal Depression and Anxiety in Women with Multiple Sclerosis: A Population-Based Cohort Study. Neurology. ISSN 0028-3878. 96(23), p. e2789–e2800. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000012062. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Objective: To assess the occurrence of perinatal depression and anxiety in women before and after diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: 114,629 pregnant women were included in the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort study 1999-2008. We assessed depression and anxiety by questionnaires during and after pregnancy. Women with MS were identified from national health registries and hospital records and grouped into 1) MS diagnosed before pregnancy (n = 140), MS diagnosed after pregnancy with 2) symptom onset before pregnancy (n = 98) and 3) symptom onset after pregnancy (n = 308). Thirty-five women were diagnosed with MS in the postpartum period. The reference group (n = 111,627) consisted of women without MS. Results: Women with MS diagnosed before pregnancy had an adjusted odds ratio of 2.0 (95% confidence interval 1.2-3.1) for depression in the third trimester. Risk factors were adverse socioeconomic factors, history of psychiatric disease and physical/sexual abuse. The risk of anxiety was not increased. Women diagnosed with MS in the postpartum period had especially high risk of postpartum depression. Women with MS symptom onset within 5 years after pregnancy had increased risk of both depression and anxiety during pregnancy, whereas women with more than 5 years until symptom onset did not. Conclusion: Women diagnosed with MS have increased risk of perinatal depression. Women with MS symptom onset within 5 years after pregnancy have increased risk of both depression and anxiety during pregnancy.

• Høglund, Rune Alexander; Bremel, Robert D; Homan, Jane; Torsetnes, Silje Bøen; Lossius, Andreas & Holmøy, Trygve (2020). TCR repertoire diversity in Multiple Sclerosis: High-dimensional bioinformatics analysis of sequences from brain, cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral blood. Frontiers in Immunology. ISSN 1664-3224.
• Hartung, HP; Berger, T.; Bermel, RA; Brochet, B; Carroll, WM & Holmøy, Trygve [Show all 19 contributors for this article] (2020). Shorter infusion time of ocrelizumab: Results from the randomized, doubleblind ENSEMBLE PLUS substudy in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders. ISSN 2211-0348. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2020.102492. Full text in Research Archive
• Røsjø, Egil Rørvik; Lindstrøm, Jonas Christoffer; Holmøy, Trygve; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Varhaug, Kristin Nielsen & Torkildsen, Øivind Fredvik (2020). Natural Variation of Vitamin D and Neurofilament Light Chain in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis. Frontiers in Neurology. ISSN 1664-2295. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00329. Full text in Research Archive
• Høglund, Rune Alexander; Bremel, Robert; Homan, E. Jane; Torsetnes, Silje Bøen; Lossius, Andreas & Holmøy, Trygve (2020). CD4+ T Cells in the Blood of MS Patients Respond to Predicted Epitopes From B cell Receptors Found in Spinal Fluid. Frontiers in Immunology. ISSN 1664-3224. 11, p. 1–12. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00598. Full text in Research Archive
• Holmøy, Trygve; Høglund, Rune Alexander; Illes, Zsolt; Myhr, Kjell-Morten & Torkildsen, Øivind (2020). Recent progress in maintenance treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. Journal of Neurology. ISSN 0340-5354. doi: 10.1007/s00415-020-10235-5. Full text in Research Archive
• Gilmour, Brian Christopher; Gudmundsrud, Ruben; Frank, Johannes; Hov, Amund; Hindkjær Lautrup, Sofie & Aman, Yahyah [Show all 18 contributors for this article] (2020). Targeting NAD+ in translational research to relieve diseases and conditions of metabolic stress and ageing. Mechanisms of Ageing and Development. ISSN 0047-6374. 186, p. 1–6. doi: 10.1016/j.mad.2020.111208. Full text in Research Archive
• Holmøy, Trygve; Fogdell-Hahn, Anna & Svenningsson, Anders (2019). Serum sickness following rituximab therapy in multiple sclerosis. Neurology: Clinical Practice. ISSN 2163-0402. 9(6), p. 519–521. doi: 10.1212/CPJ.0000000000000685.
• Hupperts, Raymond; Smolders, Joost; Vieth, Reinhold; Holmøy, Trygve; Marhardt, Kurt & Schluep, Myriam [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2019). Randomized trial daily high-dose vitamin D3 in patients with RRMS receiving subcutaneous interferon β-1a. Neurology. ISSN 0028-3878. 93(20), p. E1906–E1916. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000008445. Full text in Research Archive
• Larsen, Christopher Storm; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Farbu, Elisabeth; Midgard, Rune; Nyquist, Kaja Beate & Broch, Line [Show all 14 contributors for this article] (2019). Gut microbiota composition during a 12-week intervention with delayed-release dimethyl fumarate in multiple sclerosis – a pilot trial. Multiple Sclerosis Journal, Experimental, Translational and Clinical. ISSN 2055-2173. 5(4), p. 1–13. doi: 10.1177/2055217319888767. Full text in Research Archive
• Høglund, Rune Alexander; Myro, Aija Zuleron; Zarnovicky, Svetozar & Holmøy, Trygve (2019). En ung kvinne med krampeanfall, synsforstyrrelser og lammelser. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001. 139(11). doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.19.0122.
• Høglund, Rune Alexander; Torsetnes, Silje Bøen; Lossius, Peter Andreas Vold; Bogen, Bjarne; Homan, E. Jane & Bremel, Robert [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2019). Human cysteine cathepsins degrade immunoglobulin G in vitro in a predictable manner. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. ISSN 1661-6596. 20:4843(19), p. 1–19. doi: 10.3390/ijms20194843. Full text in Research Archive
• Smolders, Joost; Torkildsen, Øivind; Camu, William & Holmøy, Trygve (2019). An Update on Vitamin D and Disease Activity in Multiple Sclerosis. CNS Drugs. ISSN 1172-7047. 33(12), p. 1187–1199. doi: 10.1007/s40263-019-00674-8. Full text in Research Archive
• Nakken, Ola; Meyer, Haakon E; Stigum, Hein & Holmøy, Trygve (2019). High BMI is associated with low ALS risk: A population-based study. Neurology. ISSN 0028-3878. 93(5), p. e424–e432. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000007861. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This article requires a subscription to view the full text. If you have a subscription you may use the login form below to view the article. Access to this article can also be purchased. Abstract Objective To investigate the temporal relationship among prediagnostic body mass index (BMI), weight change, and risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Methods From the compulsory Norwegian tuberculosis screening program, we collected objectively measured BMI from 85% of all citizens (near 1.5 million) between 20 and 70 years of age living in 18 of 19 Norwegian counties between 1963 and 1975. For those who participated in later health surveys, we collected further information on weight change, lifestyle, and health. We identified ALS cases until September 2017 through national registries of diagnoses at death and at encounters with the specialist health service. Both Cox hazard models and flexible parametric survival models were fitted to address our research question. Results We identified 2,968 ALS cases during a mean of 33 (maximum 54) years follow-up. High prediagnostic BMI was associated with low subsequent ALS risk across the typical ALS ages in both sexes. Overall, hazard ratio (HR) for ALS per 5-unit increase in prediagnostic BMI was 0.83 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.79–0.88). After an initial increase during the first 10 years, it decreased almost linearly throughout the observation period and was 0.69 (95% CI 0.62–0.77) after 50 years. Those in the quartile with highest weight gain had lower ALS risk than those in the lowest quartile (HR 0.63, 95% CI 0.44–0.89). Conclusion High BMI and weight gain are associated with low ALS risk several decades later. The strength of the association between BMI and ALS risk increases up to 50 years after BMI measurement.

• Holmøy, Trygve; Fevang, Børre; Olsen, David Benee; Spigset, Olav & Bø, Lars (2019). Adverse events with fatal outcome associated with alemtuzumab treatment in multiple sclerosis. BMC Research Notes. ISSN 1756-0500. 12(1), p. 1–5. doi: 10.1186/s13104-019-4507-6. Full text in Research Archive
• Tomescu-Baciu, Alina; Johansen, Jorunn; Holmøy, Trygve; Greiff, Victor; Stensland, Maria & De Souza, Gustavo Antonio [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2019). Persistence of intrathecal oligoclonal B cells and IgG in multiple sclerosis. Journal of Neuroimmunology. ISSN 0165-5728. 333:576966, p. 1–7. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2019.576966. Full text in Research Archive
• Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Torkildsen, Øivind; Lossius, Peter Andreas Vold; Bø, Lars & Holmøy, Trygve (2019). B cell depletion in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy. ISSN 1471-2598. 19(3), p. 261–271. doi: 10.1080/14712598.2019.1568407.
• Zuleron Myro, Aija; Bjerke, Gisle; Zarnovicky, Svetozar & Holmøy, Trygve (2018). Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage during alemtuzumab infusion in a patient with multiple sclerosis: a case report. BMC Pharmacology & Toxicology. ISSN 2050-6511. 19(75), p. 1–4. doi: 10.1186/s40360-018-0267-5. Full text in Research Archive
• Holmøy, Trygve; Røsjø, Egil Rørvik; Zetterberg, Henrik; Blennow, Kaj; Lindstrøm, Jonas Christoffer & Steffensen, Linn Hofsøy [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2018). Vitamin D supplementation and neurofilament light chain in multiple sclerosis. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. ISSN 0001-6314. p. 1–5. doi: 10.1111/ane.13037.
• Nakken, Ola; Sørum, Lillian & Holmøy, Trygve (2018). Genetisk utredning ved amyotrofisk lateral sklerose. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001. 138(13). doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.18.0193.
• Tomescu-Baciu, Alina; Vartdal, Frode; Holmøy, Trygve; Vedeler, Christian A. & Lossius, Peter Andreas Vold (2018). G1m1 predominance of intrathecal virus-specific antibodies in multiple sclerosis. Annals of clinical and translational neurology. ISSN 2328-9503. 5(10), p. 1303–1309. doi: 10.1002/acn3.642. Full text in Research Archive
• Høglund, Rune Alexander; Polak, Justyna; Vartdal, Frode; Holmøy, Trygve & Lossius, Peter Andreas Vold (2018). B-cell composition in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid of multiple sclerosis patients treated with dimethyl fumarate. Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders. ISSN 2211-0348. 26, p. 90–95. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2018.08.032. Full text in Research Archive
• Magelssen, Morten; Holmøy, Trygve; Horn, Morten Andreas; Fondenes, Ove; Dybwik, Knut Gustav & Førde, Reidun (2018). Ethical challenges in tracheostomy-assisted ventilation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Journal of Neurology. ISSN 0340-5354. 265(11), p. 2730–2736. doi: 10.1007/s00415-018-9054-x. Full text in Research Archive
• Stokke, Silje Agnethe; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Holmøy, Trygve; Saltyte Benth, Jurate; Wergeland, Stig & Beiske, Antonie Giæver [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2018). Serum levels of leptin and adiponectin are not associated with disease activity or treatment response in multiple sclerosis. Journal of Neuroimmunology. ISSN 0165-5728. 323, p. 73–77. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2018.07.011.
• Bjørnevik, Kjetil Lauvland; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Beiske, Antonie Giæver; Bjerve, Kristian S; Holmøy, Trygve & Hovdal, Harald Olav [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2018). α-Linolenic acid is associated with MRI activity in a prospective cohort of multiple sclerosis patients. Multiple Sclerosis. ISSN 1352-4585. 25(7), p. 987–993. doi: 10.1177/1352458518779925.
• Nakken, Ola; Lindstrøm, Jonas Christoffer & Holmøy, Trygve (2018). Sex ratio in multiple sclerosis mortality over 65 years; an age-period-cohort analysis in Norway. Journal of Neurology. ISSN 0340-5354. 265(6), p. 1295–1302. doi: 10.1007/s00415-018-8832-9. Full text in Research Archive
• Nakken, Ola; Lindstrøm, Jonas Christoffer; Tysnes, Ole-Bjørn & Holmøy, Trygve (2018). Assessing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis prevalence in Norway from 2009 to 2015 from compulsory nationwide health registers. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Degeneration. ISSN 2167-8421. 19(3-4), p. 303–310. doi: 10.1080/21678421.2017.1418004. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Objective: In Norway, diagnoses from specialist health care visits, drug prescriptions, and causes of deaths are registered in compulsory health registers. We aimed to determine amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) prevalence from 2009 to 2015 by combining these registers. Methods:We validated the Norwegian Patient Registry (NPR) through hospital files, and linked it with the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry and the Norwegian Prescription Database. Poisson regression models were fitted for estimating gender ratios, time trends and possible interactions. Similar models were used for mortality data subtracted from the dataset. Results: Eleven percent of patients with at least one ALS-related entry in NPR did not have ALS. ALS prevalence could nevertheless be reliably estimated through ascertaining cases identified in two separate registers, or with at least two entries in NPR with first entry within four years prior to prevalence date. ALS prevalence remained stable, and was 7.6/100,000 (95% CI 6.9–8.4) at 31st December 2015. Mean male:female ratio was higher for prevalence (1.8; 95% CI 1.6–2.0) than for mortality (1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8) (p¼0.04). There were also significant regional differences in prevalence (p50.01) but not in mortality. Conclusions: Norwegian compulsory health registers provide reliable tools for ALS surveillance, and suggest gender and regional differences in survival after diagnosis.

• Al-Chalabi, Ammar; Andersen, Peter M.; Chandran, Siddharthan; Chio, Adriano; Corcia, Philippe & Couratier, Philippe [Show all 41 contributors for this article] (2017). July 2017 ENCALS statement on edaravone. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Degeneration. ISSN 2167-8421. 18(7-8), p. 471–474. doi: 10.1080/21678421.2017.1369125.
• Høglund, Rune Alexander; Lossius, Peter Andreas Vold; Johansen, Jorunn; Homan, Jane; Saltyte Benth, Jurate & Robins, Harlan [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2017). In silico prediction analysis of idiotope-driven T-B cell collaboration in multiple sclerosis. Frontiers in Immunology. ISSN 1664-3224. 8. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01255. Full text in Research Archive
• Holmøy, Trygve; Torkildsen, Øivind & Myhr, Kjell-Morten (2017). An update on cladribine for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy. ISSN 1465-6566. 18(15), p. 1627–1635. doi: 10.1080/14656566.2017.1372747.
• Lossius, Peter Andreas Vold; Tomescu-Baciu, Alina; Holmøy, Trygve; Vedeler, Christian A.; Røsjø, Egil Rørvik & Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2017). Selective intrathecal enrichment of G1m1-positive B cells in multiple sclerosis. Annals of clinical and translational neurology. ISSN 2328-9503. 4(10), p. 756–761. doi: 10.1002/acn3.451. Full text in Research Archive
• Holmøy, Trygve; Gythfeldt, Hedda & Leegaard, Truls Michael (2017). Listeria monocytogenes infection associated with alemtuzumab - - a case for better preventive strategies. BMC Neurology. ISSN 1471-2377. 17(65). doi: 10.1186/s12883-017-0848-8.
• Holmøy, Trygve; Lindstrøm, Jonas Christoffer; Eriksen, Erik Fink; Steffensen, Linn Hofsøy & Kampman, Margitta Theodora (2017). High dose vitamin D supplementation does not affect biochemical bone markers in multiple sclerosis - a randomized controlled trial. BMC Neurology. ISSN 1471-2377. 17:67, p. 1–6. doi: 10.1186/s12883-017-0851-0. Full text in Research Archive
• Røsjø, Egil Rørvik; Lossius, Peter Andreas Vold; Abdelmagid, Nada; Lindstrøm, Jonas Christoffer; Kampman, Margitta Theodora & Jørgensen, Lone [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2017). Effect of high-dose vitamin D3 supplementation on antibody responses against Epstein-Barr virus in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis. ISSN 1352-4585. 23(3), p. 395–402. doi: 10.1177/1352458516654310.
• Nordin, Angelica; Chizuru, Akimoto; Wuolikainen, Anna; Alstermark, Helena; Forsberg, Karin & Baumann, Peter [Show all 29 contributors for this article] (2016). Sequence variations in C9orf72 downstream of the hexanucleotide repeat region and its effect on repeat-primed PCR interpretation: a large multinational screening study. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Degeneration. ISSN 2167-8421. 18(3-4), p. 256–264. doi: 10.1080/21678421.2016.1262423.
• Holmøy, Trygve & Torkildsen, Øivind (2016). Familieplanlegging, graviditet og amming ved multippel sklerose. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001. 136(20), p. 1726–1729. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.16.0563.
• Lossius, Peter Andreas Vold; Johansen, Jorunn; Vartdal, Frode & Holmøy, Trygve (2016). High-throughput sequencing of immune repertoires in multiple sclerosis. Annals of clinical and translational neurology. ISSN 2328-9503. 3(4), p. 295–306. doi: 10.1002/acn3.295. Full text in Research Archive
• Bjørnevik, Kjetil Lauvland; Riise, Trond; Bostrom, Inger; Casetta, Ilaria; Cortese, Marianna & Granieri, Enrico [Show all 13 contributors for this article] (2016). Negative interaction between smoking and EBV in the risk of multiple sclerosis: The EnvIMS study. Multiple Sclerosis. ISSN 1352-4585. 23(7), p. 1018–1024. doi: 10.1177/1352458516671028.
• Simonsen, Cecilia Smith; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Brunborg, Cathrine; Tallaksen, Chantal; Eriksen, Erik Fink & Holmøy, Trygve [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2016). Bone mineral density in patients with multiple sclerosis, hereditary ataxia or hereditary spastic paraplegia after at least 10 years of disease - a case control study. BMC Neurology. ISSN 1471-2377. 16. doi: 10.1186/s12883-016-0771-4.
• Kvistad, Silje ; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Holmøy, Trygve; Saltyte Benth, Jurate; Løken-Amsrud, Kristin Ingeleiv & Wergeland, Stig [Show all 14 contributors for this article] (2016). No association of tobacco use and disease activity in multiple sclerosis. Neurology: Neuroimmunology and neuroinflammation. ISSN 2332-7812. 3(4). doi: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000000260. Full text in Research Archive
• Holmøy, Trygve; Beiske, Antonie Giæver; Zarnovicky, Svetozar; Zuleron Myro, Aija; Røsjø, Egil Rørvik & Kerty, Emilia (2016). Severe inflammatory disease activity 14`months after cessation of Natalizumab in a patient with Leber's optic neuropathy and multiple sclerosis - a case report. BMC Neurology. ISSN 1471-2377. 16(1). doi: 10.1186/s12883-016-0720-2.
• Nakken, Ola; Lindstrøm, Jonas Christoffer; Tysnes, Ole-Bjørn & Holmøy, Trygve (2016). Mortality trends of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in Norway 1951–2014: an age–period–cohort study. Journal of Neurology. ISSN 0340-5354. p. 1–8. doi: 10.1007/s00415-016-8273-2. Full text in Research Archive
• Wergeland, Stig; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Løken-Amsrud, Kristin Ingeleiv; Beiske, Antonie Giæver; Bjerve, Kristian S & Hovdal, Harald Olav [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2016). Vitamin D, HLA-DRB1 and Epstein-Barr virus antibody levels in a prospective cohort of multiple sclerosis patients. European Journal of Neurology. ISSN 1351-5101. 23(6), p. 1064–1070. doi: 10.1111/ene.12986.
• Berge, Tone; Leikfoss, Ingvild Sørum; Brorson, Ina Skaara; Bos, Steffan Daniel; Page, Christian & Gustavsen, Marte Wendel [Show all 13 contributors for this article] (2016). The multiple sclerosis susceptibility genes TAGAP and IL2RA are regulated by Vitamin D in CD4+ T cells. Genes and Immunity. ISSN 1466-4879. 17(2), p. 118–127. doi: 10.1038/gene.2015.61.
• Holmøy, Trygve; Esbensen, Qin Ying; Torkildsen, Øivind; Wergeland, Stig; Bjerve, Kristian S & Beiske, Antonie Giæver [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2016). WT1 and interferon-β–vitamin D association in MS: a longitudinal study. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. ISSN 0001-6314. 133(4), p. 309–312. doi: 10.1111/ane.12448.
• Bjørnevik, Kjetil Lauvland; Riise, Trond; Cortese, Marianna; Holmøy, Trygve; Kampman, Margitta Theodora & Magalhaes, Sandra [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2016). Level of education and multiple sclerosis risk after adjustment for known risk factors: The EnvIMS study. Multiple Sclerosis. ISSN 1352-4585. 22(1), p. 104–111. doi: 10.1177/1352458515579444. Full text in Research Archive
• Vego, Heidi; Sand, Kristin Larsen; Høglund, Rune Alexander; Fallang, Lars-Egil; Gundersen, Glenn & Holmøy, Trygve [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2016). Monomethyl fumarate augments NK cell lysis of tumor cells through degranulation and the upregulation of NKp46 and CD107a. Cellular & Molecular Immunology. ISSN 1672-7681. 13(1), p. 57–64. doi: 10.1038/cmi.2014.114.
• Røsjø, Egil Rørvik; Steffensen, Linn Hofsøy; Jørgensen, Lone; Lindstrøm, Jonas Christoffer; Saltyte Benth, Jurate & Michelsen, Annika [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2015). Vitamin D supplementation and systemic inflammation in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Journal of Neurology. ISSN 0340-5354. 262(12), p. 2713–2721. doi: 10.1007/s00415-015-7902-5. Show summary

  Observational studies have suggested that vitamin D may reduce inflammation in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), but this has not been clearly confirmed in randomized controlled trials. To further explore the possible anti-inflammatory effects of vitamin D in RRMS, we examined the effect of high-dose oral vitamin D3 on eleven markers of systemic inflammation in 68 RRMS patients enrolled in a double-blinded randomized placebo-controlled trial of vitamin D3 supplementation (20,000 IU/week) (NCT00785473). Serum inflammation markers and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) were measured at baseline and week 96, and no restrictions were set on additional standard immunomodulatory treatment for RRMS. The mean 25(OH)D level rose from 56 ± 29 to 123 ± 34 nmol/L among patients receiving vitamin D3 supplementation, whereas only a minor increase from 57 ± 22 to 63 ± 24 nmol/L was seen in the placebo group. However, no significant differences appeared between the vitamin D group and the placebo group for any of the inflammation markers. Patients on immunomodulatory therapy had significantly higher levels of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 16 than patients without immunomodulatory treatment, but there were no clear synergistic effects between immunomodulatory therapy and vitamin D3 supplementation on any of the inflammation markers. The rise in 25(OH)D levels after vitamin D3 supplementation was unaffected by immunomodulatory treatment. We conclude that in this study of RRMS patients, high-dose oral vitamin D3 supplementation prominently increased serum 25(OH)D levels without affecting markers of systemic inflammation, while a more anti-inflammatory phenotype was found among patients on immunomodulatory treatment.

• Cortese, Marianna; Riise, Trond; Bjørnevik, Kjetil Lauvland; Holmøy, Trygve; Kampman, Margitta Theodora & Magalhaes, Sandra [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2015). Timing of use of cod liver oil, a vitamin D source, and multiple sclerosis risk: The EnvIMS study. Multiple Sclerosis. ISSN 1352-4585. 21(14), p. 1856–1864. doi: 10.1177/1352458515578770. Full text in Research Archive
• Stokke, Silje Agnethe; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Holmøy, Trygve; Saltyte Benth, Jurate; Wergeland, Stig & Beiske, Antonie Giæver [Show all 17 contributors for this article] (2015). Body mass index influence interferon-beta treatment response in multiple sclerosis. Journal of Neuroimmunology. ISSN 0165-5728. 288, p. 92–97. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2015.09.008.
• Johansen, Jorunn; Vartdal, Frode; Desmarais, Cindy; Tutturen, Astrid Elisabeth Voorham; De Souza, Gustavo Antonio & Lossius, Peter Andreas Vold [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2015). Intrathecal BCR transcriptome in multiple sclerosis versus other neuroinflammation: Equally diverse and compartmentalized, but more mutated, biased and overlapping with the proteome. Clinical Immunology. ISSN 1521-6616. 160(2), p. 211–225. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2015.06.001.
• Magalhaes, Sandra; Pugliatti, Maura; Casetta, Ilaria; Drulovic, Jelena; Granieri, Enrico & Holmøy, Trygve [Show all 16 contributors for this article] (2015). The EnvIMS study: Design and methodology of an international case-control study of environmental risk factors in multiple sclerosis. Neuroepidemiology. ISSN 0251-5350. 44(3), p. 173–181. doi: 10.1159/000381779.
• Løken-Amsrud, Kristin Ingeleiv; Lossius, Peter Andreas Vold; Torkildsen, Øivind & Holmøy, Trygve (2015). Miljøets betydning ved multippel sklerose. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001. 135(9), p. 856–860. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.14.0751.
• Helland, Caroline; Holmøy, Trygve & Gulbrandsen, Pål (2015). Barriers and facilitators related to rehabilitation stays in multiple sclerosis: A qualitative study. International Journal of MS Care. ISSN 1537-2073. 17(3), p. 122–129. doi: 10.7224/1537-2073.2014-007.
• Geis, Christian; Ritter, Christian; Ruschil, Christoph; Weishaupt, Andreas; Grünewald, Benedikt & Stoll, Guido [Show all 14 contributors for this article] (2015). The intrinsic pathogenic role of autoantibodies to aquaporin 4 mediating spinal cord disease in a rat passive-transfer model. Experimental Neurology. ISSN 0014-4886. 265, p. 8–21. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.12.015.
• Røsjø, Egil Rørvik; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Løken-Amsrud, Kristin Ingeleiv; Bakke, Søren Jacob; Beiske, Antonie Giæver & Bjerve, Kristian S [Show all 17 contributors for this article] (2015). Vitamin D status and effect of interferon-β1a treatment on MRI activity and serum inflammation markers in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Journal of Neuroimmunology. ISSN 0165-5728. 280, p. 21–28. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2015.02.001.
• Beiske, Anton Giæver; Holmøy, Trygve; Beiske, Antonie Giæver; Johannessen, Svein Ivar & Landmark, Cecilie Johannessen (2015). Antiepileptic and Antidepressive Polypharmacy in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis International. ISSN 2090-2654. doi: 10.1155/2015/317859. Full text in Research Archive
• Wesnes, Kristin; Riise, Trond; Casetta, Ilaria; Drulovic, Jelena; Granieri, Enrico & Holmøy, Trygve [Show all 16 contributors for this article] (2015). Body size and the risk of multiple sclerosis in Norway and Italy: The EnvIMS study. Multiple Sclerosis. ISSN 1352-4585. 21(4), p. 388–395. doi: 10.1177/1352458514546785.
• Aspli, Klaus Thanke; Flaten, Trond Peder; ROOS, PER; Holmøy, Trygve; Skogholt, Jon Henry & Aaseth, Jan (2015). Iron and copper in progressive demyelination: New lessons from Skogholt’s disease. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology. ISSN 0946-672X. 31, p. 183–187. doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2014.12.002. Show summary

  The pathophysiological mechanisms of progressive demyelinating disorders including multiple sclerosis are incompletely understood. Increasing evidence indicates a role for trace metals in the progression of several neurodegenerative disorders. The study of Skogholt disease, a recently discovered demyelinating disease affecting both the central and peripheral nervous system, might shed some light on the mechanisms underlying demyelination. Cerebrospinal fluid iron and copper concentrations are about four times higher in Skogholt patients than in controls. The transit into cerebrospinal fluid of these elements from blood probably occurs in protein bound form. We hypothesize that exchangeable fractions of iron and copper are further transferred from cerebrospinal fluid into myelin, thereby contributing to the pathogenesis of demyelination. Free or weakly bound iron and copper ions may exert their toxic action on myelin by catalyzing production of oxygen radicals. Similarities to demyelinating processes in multiple sclerosis and other myelinopathies are discussed.

• Lerum, Sverre Vigeland; Solbrække, Kari Nyheim; Holmøy, Trygve & Frich, Jan C (2015). Unstable terminality - negotiating the meaning of chronicity and terminality in motor neurone disease. Sociology of Health and Illness. ISSN 0141-9889. 37(1), p. 81–96. doi: 10.1111/1467-9566.12182.
• Torkildsen, Øivind Fredvik; Aarseth, Jan Harald; Benjaminsen, Espen; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Holmøy, Trygve & Kampman, Margitta Theodora [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2014). Month of birth and risk of multiple sclerosis: confounding and adjustments. Annals of clinical and translational neurology. ISSN 2328-9503. 1(2), p. 141–144. doi: 10.1002/acn3.37. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  A month of birth effect on multiple sclerosis (MS) risk has been reported from different countries. Recent critics have suggested that this finding is caused by confounding and that adequately adjusting for year and place of birth would markedly reduce this effect. All inhabitants in Norway are registered in the Norwegian Population Registry (Statistics Norway), making this an ideal area for performing adjusted analyses. Using the entire Norwegian population born between 1930 and 1979 (n = 2,899,260), we calculated the excess between observed and expected number of births for each month for 6649 Norwegian MS patients, 5711 mothers, 5247 fathers, and 8956 unaffected siblings. The analyses were adjusted for year of birth and place of birth according to the 19 counties in Norway. An unadjusted analysis revealed 13% fewer MS births than expected in February (P = 0.0015; Bonferroni corrected P = 0.018), 10% more in April (P = 0.0083; Bonferroni corrected P = 0.0996) and 15% more in December (P = 0.00058; Bonferroni corrected P = 0.007). Adjustments for both year and place of birth significantly altered our results for February and December, but even after these adjustments there were still 10% more MS births than expected in April (P = 0.00796; Bonferroni corrected P = 0.096). MS patients had a higher incidence of April births than their siblings (Fisher-exact test; P = 0.011), mothers (Fisher-exact test; P = 0.004), and fathers (Fisher-exact test; P = 0.011) without MS. Adjustments for confounding significantly affected our results. However, even after adjustments, there appears to be a persistent higher than expected frequency of April births in the MS population.

• Lossius, Peter Andreas Vold; Johansen, Jorunn; Vartdal, Frode; Robins, Harlan; Saltyte Benth, Jurate & Holmøy, Trygve [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2014). High-throughput sequencing of TCR repertoires in multiple sclerosis reveals intrathecal enrichment of EBV-reactive CD8+ T cells. European Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0014-2980. 44(11), p. 3439–3452. doi: 10.1002/eji.201444662.
• Stokke, Silje Agnethe; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Holmøy, Trygve; Bakke, Søren Jacob; Beiske, Antonie Giæver & Bjerve, Kristian S [Show all 15 contributors for this article] (2014). Antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus and MRI disease activity in multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis. ISSN 1352-4585. 20(14), p. 1833–1840. doi: 10.1177/1352458514533843. Show summary

  Background: Previous reports indicate an association between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antibody levels and multiple sclerosis (MS) disease activity, but the results have been conflicting. Objectives: The objective of this paper is to study if EBV antibody levels reflect MRI disease activity in MS and examine the potential for EBV antibody levels as biomarkers for treatment response. Methods: A total of 87 MS patients were followed for two years prior to and during interferon beta (IFNB) treatment, with MRI examinations and serum measurement of IgM and IgG antibodies to viral capsid antigen (VCA), EBV nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA-1) and early antigen (EA). Associations between EBV antibody levels and MRI activity were assessed by a logistic regression model. Results: Higher anti-EBNA-1 IgG levels were associated with increased MRI activity, OR = 2.95 (95% CI 1.07–8.10; p = 0.036) for combined unique activity (CUA; the sum of T1Gd+ lesions and new or enlarging T2 lesions). Although most patients were anti-VCA IgM negative, there was an inverse association, OR = 0.32 (95% CI 0.12–0.84; p = 0.021) with CUA during IFNB treatment. Conclusions: This study supports an association between anti-EBNA-1 IgG levels and MS disease activity. We also found an inverse association with anti-VCA IgM levels during IFNB treatment not previously described, indicating anti-VCA IgM as a possible biomarker for IFNB treatment response.

• Røsjø, Egil Rørvik; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Løken-Amsrud, Kristin Ingeleiv; Bakke, Jacob; Beiske, Antonie Giæver & Bjerve, Kristian S [Show all 17 contributors for this article] (2014). Increasing serum levels of vitamin A, D and E are associated with alterations of different inflammation markers in patients with multiple sclerosis. Journal of Neuroimmunology. ISSN 0165-5728. 271(1-2), p. 60–65. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2014.03.014. Show summary

  To explore the relationships between vitamin A, D and E and inflammation in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis, we assessed their associations with 11 inflammation markers in 9 serial serum samples from 85 patients, before and during interferon-β1a treatment. A negative association was found between vitamin A and pentraxin 3 independent of interferon-β1a use, whereas positive associations between vitamin D and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and secreted frizzled-related protein 3 were seen before, and between vitamin E and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 16 during interferon-β1a treatment. These findings suggest associations with diverse inflammatory pathways, which may be differentially influenced by interferon-β1a treatment.

• Bjørnevik, Kjetil Lauvland; Riise, Trond; Casetta, Ilaria; Drulovic, Jelena; Granieri, Enrico & Holmøy, Trygve [Show all 16 contributors for this article] (2014). Sun exposure and multiple sclerosis risk in Norway and Italy: The EnvIMS study. Multiple Sclerosis. ISSN 1352-4585. 20(8), p. 1042–1049. doi: 10.1177/1352458513513968.
• Lossius, Peter Andreas Vold; Riise, Trond; Pugliatti, Maura; Bjørnevik, Kjetil Lauvland; Casetta, Ilaria & Drulovic, Jelena [Show all 16 contributors for this article] (2014). Season of infectious mononucleosis and risk of multiple sclerosis at different latitudes; the EnvIMS Study. Multiple Sclerosis. ISSN 1352-4585. 20(6), p. 669–674. doi: 10.1177/1352458513505693.
• Holmøy, Trygve; Løken-Amsrud, Kristin Ingeleiv; Bakke, Jacob; Beiske, Antonie Giæver; Bjerve, Kristian S & Hovdal, Harald Olav [Show all 16 contributors for this article] (2013). Inflammation markers in multiple sclerosis: CXCL16 reflects and may also predict disease activity. PLOS ONE. ISSN 1932-6203. 8(9). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075021. Full text in Research Archive

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• König, Marton; Torgauten, Hilde Marie; Tran, The Trung; Holmøy, Trygve; Vaage, John T. & Lund-Johansen, Fridtjof [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2022). Immunogenicity and Safety of a Third SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Dose in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis and Weak Immune Response after COVID-19 Vaccination. JAMA Neurology. ISSN 2168-6149. 79(3), p. 307–309. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.5109.
• König, Marton; Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord; Torgauten, Hilde Marie; Tran, The Trung; Schikora-Rustad, Stine & Vaage, Eline Benno [Show all 22 contributors for this article] (2021). Humoral Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination in People with Multiple Sclerosis using High-Efficacy Disease Modifying Therapies.
• Holmøy, Trygve & Bø, Lars (2020). MS-behandlingen blir stadig bedre. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001.
• Holmøy, Trygve; Torkildsen, Øivind & Bø, Lars (2020). Treatment of multiple sclerosis under the COVID-19 pandemic . Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001.
• Glover, Joel; Tysnes, Ole-Bjørn; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Bråthen, Geir; Sandvig, Ioanna & Høyer, Helle [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2019). Hvor står ALS-forskningen i Norge? VG : Verdens gang. ISSN 0805-5203.
• Nakken, Ola & Holmøy, Trygve (2018). Rett til ikke å vite og amyotrofisk lateral sklerose. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001. 138(16), p. 1502–1502. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.18.0734.
• Torkildsen, Øivind; Holmøy, Trygve & Myhr, Kjell-Morten (2018). Severe multiple sclerosis reactivation after gonadotropin treatment. Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders. ISSN 2211-0348. 22, p. 38–40. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2018.02.031.
• Røsjø, Egil Rørvik; Lossius, Andreass; Abelmagid, Nada; Lindstrøm, Jonas Christoffer; Kampman, Margitta Theodora & Jørgensen, Lone [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2017). Selective and transient effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on antibody responses against Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 1 in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.
• Holmøy, Trygve & Torkildsen, Øivind (2017). Re: Familieplanlegging, graviditet og amming ved multippel sklerose. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001. 137(4), p. 259–259. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.17.0054.
• Holmøy, Trygve (2016). Re: Kronisk utmattelsessyndrom/ myalgisk encefalopati – sykdomsmekanismer, diagnostikk og behandling. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001. 136(3), p. 204–205. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.16.0051.
• Holmøy, Trygve & Torkildsen, Øivind (2016). Can Vitamin D reduce inflammation in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis? Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics. ISSN 1473-7175. 16(3), p. 233–235. doi: 10.1586/14737175.2016.1146134.
• Røsjø, Egil Rørvik; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Kampman, Margitta Theodora; Løken-Amsrud, Kristin Ingeleiv; Steffensen, Linn Hofsøy & Bakke, Søren Jacob [Show all 22 contributors for this article] (2015). Vitamin D og interferon-behandling ved multippel sklerose.
• McKenna, Malachi John & Holmøy, Trygve (2015). Approach to bone protection in multiple sclerosis. European Journal of Neurology. ISSN 1351-5101. 22(4), p. 601–602. doi: 10.1111/ene.12504.
• Bjørnevik, Kjetil Lauvland; Riise, Trond; Kirkeleit, Jorunn; Cortese, Marianna; Holmøy, Trygve & Kampman, Margitta Theodora [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2014). Level of education and multiple sclerosis risk after adjustment for known risk factors: the EnvIMS study.
• Torkildsen, Øivind; Aarseth, Jan Harald; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Holmøy, Trygve; Kampman, Margitta Theodora & Løken-Amsrud, Kristin Ingeleiv [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2014). Reply to comment: Month of birth and risk of multiple sclerosis: confounding and adjustments. Annals of clinical and translational neurology. ISSN 2328-9503. 5(1), p. 376–377. doi: 10.1002/acn3.56.
• Holmøy, Trygve; Løken-Amsrud, Kristin Ingeleiv; Kampman, Margitta Theodora; Torkildsen, Øivind & Myhr, Kjell-Morten (2014). Re: Vitamin D-how much is enough, and is more better for your Health? Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001. 134(10), p. 1024–1025. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.14.0618.
• Holmøy, Trygve; Myhr, Kjell-Morten & Bø, Lars (2014). Re: Uetisk av nevrologene ikke å tilby pasienter med multippel sklerose cytostatikabehandling med autolog stamcellestøtte. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001. 134(23/24), p. 2239–2240. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.14.1458.
• Gulbrandsen, Pål; Ofstad, Eirik Hugaas; Holmøy, Trygve & Vandvik, Per Olav (2014). Pasientmedvirkning ved beslutninger om behandling. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001. 134(17), p. 1670–1672. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.14.0239.
• Kvistad, SS; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Holmøy, Trygve; Bakke, S.; Beiske, Antonie Giæver & Bjerve, Kristian S [Show all 16 contributors for this article] (2013). Antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus and disease activity in multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis. ISSN 1352-4585. 19(11), p. 400–400.
• Lerum, Sverre Vigeland; Holmøy, Trygve; Solbrække, Kari Nyheim & Frich, Jan C (2013). Frail terminality: Health professionals’ and carers’ dynamic and diverging perceptions of chronicity and terminality in ALS/MND.
• Røsjø, Egil Rørvik & Holmøy, Trygve (2017). Vitamin A, D and E and inflammation in multiple scerosis. Universitetet i Oslo. ISSN 9788283333664.

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