Rune Blomhoff

• Koivisto-Mørk, Anu; Paur, Ingvild; Paulsen, Gøran; Garthe, Ina; Raastad, Truls; Bastani, Nasser Ezzatkhah; Blomhoff, Rune & Bøhn, Siv Kjølsrud (2020). Dietary Adjustments to Altitude Training in Elite Endurance Athletes; Impact of a Randomized Clinical Trial With Antioxidant-Rich Foods. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living.  ISSN 2624-9367.  2 . doi: 10.3389/fspor.2020.00106 Full text in Research Archive. Show summary

  Background: Altitude training stresses several physiological and metabolic processes and alters the dietary needs of the athletes. International Olympic Committee (IOC)'s Nutrition Expert Group suggests that athletes should increase intake of energy, carbohydrate, iron, fluid, and antioxidant-rich foods while training at altitude. Objective: We investigated whether athletes adjust their dietary intake according to the IOC's altitude-specific dietary recommendations, and whether an in-between meal intervention with antioxidant-rich foods altered the athletes' dietary composition and nutrition-related blood parameters (mineral, vitamin, carotenoid, and hormone concentrations). Design: The dietary adjustments to altitude training (3 weeks at 2,320 m) were determined for 31 elite endurance athletes (23 ± 5 years, 23 males, 8 females) by six interviewer-administered 24-h dietary recalls on non-consecutive days; three before and during the altitude camp. The additional effect of in -between meal intervention with eucaloric antioxidant-rich or control snacks (1,000 kcal/day) was tested in a randomized controlled trial with parallel design. Results: At altitude the athletes increased their energy intake by 35% (1,430 ± 630 kcal/day, p < 0.001), the provided snacks accounting for 70% of this increase. Carbohydrate intake increased from 6.5 ± 1.8 g/kg body weight (BW) (50 E%) to 9.3 ± 2.1 g/kg BW (53 E%) (p < 0.001), with no difference between the antioxidant and control group. Dietary iron, fluid, and antioxidant-rich food intake increased by 37, 38, and 104%, respectively, in the whole cohort. The intervention group had larger increases in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), ω3 PUFA (n-3 fatty acids), ω6 PUFA (n-6 fatty acids), fiber, vitamin C, folic acid, and copper intake, while protein intake increased more among the controls, reflecting the nutritional content of the snacks. Changes in the measured blood minerals, vitamins, and hormones were not differentially affected by the intervention except for the carotenoid; zeaxanthin, which increased more in the intervention group (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Experienced elite endurance athletes increased their daily energy, carbohydrate, iron, fluid, and antioxidant-rich food intake during a 3-week training camp at moderate altitude meeting most of the altitude-specific dietary recommendations. The intervention with antioxidant-rich snacks improved the composition of the athletes' diets but had minimal impact on the measured nutrition-related blood parameters.

• Arnesen, Erik Kristoffer; Christensen, Jacob J.; Andersen, Rikke; Eneroth, Hanna; Erkkola, Maijaliisa; Høyer, Anne; Lemming, Eva Warensjö; Meltzer, Helle Margrete; Þórhallsson, Þórhallur Ingi; Þórsdóttir, Inga; Schwab, Ursula; Trolle, Ellen & Blomhoff, Rune (2020). The nordic nutrition recommendations 2022 – handbook for qualified systematic reviews. Food & Nutrition Research.  ISSN 1654-6628.  64, s 1- 15 . doi: 10.29219/fnr.v64.4404 Full text in Research Archive.
• Arnesen, Erik Kristoffer; Christensen, Jacob Juel; Andersen, Rikke; Eneroth, Hanna; Erkkola, Maijaliisa; Høyer, Anne; Lemming, Eva Warensjö; Meltzer, Helle Margrete; Halldórsson, Þórhallur Ingi; Þórsdóttir, Inga; Schwab, Ursula; Trolle, Ellen & Blomhoff, Rune (2020). The Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2022 – structure and rationale of qualified systematic reviews. Food & Nutrition Research.  ISSN 1654-6628.  64, s 1- 11 . doi: 10.29219/fnr.v64.4403 Full text in Research Archive.
• Bärebring, Linnea; Kværner, Ane Sørlie; Skotnes, Madeleine; Henriksen, Hege; Skjetne, Anne Juul; Henriksen, Christine; Ræder, Hanna; Paur, Ingvild; Bøhn, Siv Kjølsrud; Wiedswang, Gro; Smeland, Sigbjørn & Blomhoff, Rune (2020). Use of bioelectrical impedance analysis to monitor changes in fat-free mass during recovery from colorectal cancer– a validation study. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN.  ISSN 2405-4577.  40, s 201- 207 . doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.09.021 Full text in Research Archive.
• Bemanian, Mitra; Mæland, Silje; Blomhoff, Rune; Rabben, Åsgeir Kjetland; Arnesen, Erik Kristoffer; Skogen, Jens Christoffer & Fadnes, Lars Thore (2020). Emotional Eating in Relation to Worries and Psychological Distress Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Population-Based Survey on Adults in Norway. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH).  ISSN 1661-7827.  18(1) . doi: 10.3390/ijerph18010130 Full text in Research Archive.
• Christensen, Jacob Juel; Arnesen, Erik Kristoffer; Andersen, Rikke; Eneroth, Hanna; Erkkola, Maijaliisa; Høyer, Anne; Lemming, Eva Warensjö; Meltzer, Helle Margrete; Halldórsson, Þórhallur Ingi; Þórsdóttir, Inga; Schwab, Ursula; Trolle, Ellen & Blomhoff, Rune (2020). The Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2022 – Principles and Methodologies. Food & Nutrition Research.  ISSN 1654-6628.  64, s 1- 15 . doi: 10.29219/fnr.v64.4402 Full text in Research Archive. Show summary

  Background: The Nordic Nutrition Recommendations (NNRs) constitute the scientific basis for national dietary reference values (DRVs) and food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs) in the Nordic and Baltic countries. Objective: To define principles and methodologies for the sixth edition of NNR to be published in 2022 (NNR2022). Design: The principles and methodologies of the previous edition of NNR were used as a starting point. Recent nutrition recommendations commissioned by other national food and health authorities or international food and health organizations were examined and dissected. Updated principles and methodologies were agreed by the NNR2022 Committee in a consensus-driven process. Results: An organizational model with ‘checks and balances’ was developed to minimize the influence of subjective biases of the committee members and experts. Individual chapters on all included nutrients and food groups will be updated as scoping reviews. Systematic reviews (SRs), which are the main basis for evaluating causal effects of nutrients or food groups on health outcomes, will be embedded in each chapter. A NNR SR Centre will be established for performing de novo SRs on prioritized topics. To avoid duplication and optimize the use of resources, qualified SRs commissioned by other national and international organizations and health authorities will also inform DRVs and FBDGs in NNR2022. Discussion: The evidence-based methods defined in the NNR2022 project are compatible with most contemporary methods used by leading national food and health authorities. Global harmonization of methodological approaches to nutrition recommendations is strongly encouraged. Conclusion: Evidence-informed principles and methodologies underpinned by SRs will ensure that DRVs and FBDGs defined in the NNR2022 project are based on the best available evidence and as far as possible free from overt bias.

• Kværner, Ane Sørlie; Harnæs, Helene; Alavi, Dena Helene; Bärebring, Linnea; Henriksen, Hege; Guren, Marianne; Lauritzen, Peter Mæhre; Eggesbø, Heidi Beate; Wiedswang, Gro; Smeland, Sigbjørn & Blomhoff, Rune (2020). Bør beregning av cellegiftdose ved tarmkreft baseres på kroppssammensetning?. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  140(8), s 1- 10 . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.19.0769
• Henriksen, Hege Berg; Henriksen, Christine; Ræder, Hanna; Kværner, Ane Sørlie; Skjetne, Anne Juul; Bøhn, Siv Kjølsrud; Paur, Ingvild; Langleite, Torgrim Mikal; Wiedswang, Gro; Smeland, Sigbjørn & Blomhoff, Rune (2019). Hvilke kostråd skal man gi til pasienter behandlet for tarmkreft?. Norsk Tidsskrift for Ernæring.  ISSN 1503-5034.  s 32- 36
• Koivisto, Anu; Olsen, Thomas; Paur, Ingvild; Paulsen, Gøran; Bastani, Nasser Ezzatkhah; Garthe, Ina; Raastad, Truls; Matthews, Jason; Blomhoff, Rune & Bøhn, Siv Kjølsrud (2019). Effects of antioxidant-rich foods on altitude-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in elite endurance athletes: A randomized controlled trial. PLOS ONE.  ISSN 1932-6203.  14(6) . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217895 Full text in Research Archive. Show summary

  Background Various altitude training regimes, systematically used to improve oxygen carrying capacity and sports performance, have been associated with increased oxidative stress and inflammation. We investigated whether increased intake of common antioxidant-rich foods attenuates these processes. Methods In a randomized controlled trial, 31 elite endurance athletes (23 ± 5 years), ingested antioxidant-rich foods (n = 16), (> doubling their usual intake), or eucaloric control foods (n = 15) during a 3-week altitude training camp (2320 m). Fasting blood and urine samples were collected 7 days pre-altitude, after 5 and 18 days at altitude, and 7 days post-altitude. Change over time was compared between the groups using mixed models for antioxidant capacity [uric acid-free (ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP)], oxidative stress (8-epi-PGF2α) and inflammatory biomarkers (IFNγ, IL1α, IL1RA, IL1β, IL2, IL5, IL6, IL7, IL10, IL12p70, IL13, IL17, TNFα, MCP-1 and micro-CRP). The cytokine response to a stress-test (VO2max ramp test or 100 m swimming) was assessed at pre- and post-altitude. Results FRAP increased more in the antioxidant compared to the control group (p = 0.034). IL13 decreased in the antioxidant group, while increasing in the controls (p = 0.006). A similar trend was seen for IL6 (p = 0.062). A larger decrease in micro-CRP was detected in the antioxidant group compared to controls (β: -0.62, p = 0.02). We found no group differences for the remaining cytokines. 8-epi-PGF2α increased significantly in the whole population (p = 0.033), regardless group allocation. The stress response was significantly larger post-altitude compared with pre-altitude for IL1β, IL6, IL7, IL13, IL12p70 and TNFα, but we found no group differences. Conclusions Increased intake of antioxidant-rich foods elevated the antioxidant capacity and attenuated some of the altitude-induced systemic inflammatory biomarkers in elite athletes. The antioxidant intervention had no impact on the altitude-induced oxidative stress or changes in acute cytokine responses to exercise stress-tests.

• Olsen, Thomas & Blomhoff, Rune (2019). Retinol, Retinoic Acid, and Retinol-Binding Protein 4 are Differentially Associated with Cardiovascular Disease, Type 2 Diabetes, and Obesity: An Overview of Human Studies. Advances in Nutrition.  ISSN 2161-8313. . doi: 10.1093/advances/nmz131 Full text in Research Archive.
• Olsen, Thomas; Vinknes, Kathrine; Blomhoff, Rune; Lysne, Vegard; Midttun, Øivind; Dhar, Indu; Ueland, Per Magne; Svingen, Gard Frodahl Tveitevåg; Pedersen, Eva Ringdal; Drevon, Christian A; Refsum, Helga & Nygård, Ottar (2019). Creatinine, total cysteine and uric acid are associated with serum retinol in patients with cardiovascular disease. European Journal of Nutrition.  ISSN 1436-6207. . doi: 10.1007/s00394-019-02086-2 Full text in Research Archive.
• Henriksen, Hege; Berntsen, Sveinung; Paur, Ingvild; Zucknick, Manuela; Skjetne, Anne Juul; Bøhn, Siv Kjølsrud; Henriksen, Christine; Smeland, Sigbjørn; Carlsen, Monica Hauger & Blomhoff, Rune (2018). Validation of two short questionnaires assessing physical activity in colorectal cancer patients. BMC sports science, medicine and rehabilitation.  ISSN 2052-1847.  10:8(8), s 1- 12 . doi: 10.1186/s13102-018-0096-2 Full text in Research Archive.
• Henriksen, Hege; Carlsen, Monica Hauger; Paur, Ingvild; Berntsen, Sveinung; Bøhn, Siv Kjølsrud; Skjetne, Anne Juul; Kværner, Ane Sørlie; Henriksen, Christine; Andersen, Lene Frost; Smeland, Sigbjørn & Blomhoff, Rune (2018). Relative validity of a short food frequency questionnaire assessing adherence to the Norwegian dietary guidelines among colorectal cancer patients. Food & Nutrition Research.  ISSN 1654-6628.  62:1306, s 1- 15 . doi: 10.29219/fnr.v62.1306 Full text in Research Archive.
• Holm, Maia Blomhoff; Kristiansen, Oddrun; Holme, Ane Moe; Bastani, Nasser Ezzatkhah; Horne, Hildegunn; Blomhoff, Rune; Haugen, Guttorm; Henriksen, Tore & Michelsen, Trond Melbye (2018). Placental release of taurine to both the maternal and fetal circulations in human term pregnancies. Amino Acids.  ISSN 0939-4451.  50(9), s 1205- 1214 . doi: 10.1007/s00726-018-2576-9 Full text in Research Archive.
• Koivisto, Anu; Paulsen, Gøran; Paur, Ingvild; Garthe, Ina; Tønnessen, Espen; Raastad, Truls; Bastani, Nasser Ezzatkhah; Hallén, Jostein; Blomhoff, Rune & Bøhn, Siv Kjølsrud (2018). Antioxidant-rich foods and response to altitude training: A randomized controlled trial in elite endurance athletes.. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports.  ISSN 0905-7188.  28(9), s 1982- 1995 . doi: 10.1111/sms.13212 Show summary

  High doses of isolated antioxidant supplements such as vitamin C and E have demonstrated the potential to blunt cellular adaptations to training. It is, however, unknown whether intake of high doses of antioxidants from foods has similar effects. Hence, the aim of the study was to investigate whether intake of antioxidant‐rich foods affects adaptations to altitude training in elite athletes. In a randomized controlled trial, 31 national team endurance athletes (23 ± 5 years) ingested antioxidant‐rich foods (n = 16) or eucaloric control foods (n = 15) daily during a 3‐week altitude training camp (2320 m). Changes from baseline to post‐altitude in hemoglobin mass (Hbmass; optimized CO rebreathing), maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max; n = 16) or 100 m swimming performance (n = 10), and blood parameters were compared between the groups. The antioxidant group significantly increased total intake of antioxidant‐rich foods (~118%) compared to the control group during the intervention. The total study population improved VO2max by 2.5% (1.7 mL/kg/min, P = .006) and Hbmass by 4.7% (48 g, P < .001), but not 100 m swimming performance. No difference was found between the groups regarding changes in Hbmass, VO2max or swimming performance. However, hemoglobin concentration increased more in the antioxidant group (effect size = 0.7; P = .045) with a concomitantly larger decrease in plasma and blood volumes compared to control group. Changes in ferritin and erythropoietin from pre‐ to post‐altitude did not differ between the groups. Doubling the intake of antioxidant‐rich foods was well tolerated and did not negatively influence the adaptive response to altitude training in elite endurance athletes.

• Kværner, Ane Sørlie; Minaguchi, Jun; El Yamani, Naouale; Henriksen, Christine; Ræder, Hanna; Paur, Ingvild; Henriksen, Hege; Wiedswang, Gro; Smeland, Sigbjørn; Blomhoff, Rune; Collins, Andrew Richard & Bøhn, Siv Kjølsrud (2018). DNA damage in blood cells in relation to chemotherapy and nutritional status in colorectal cancer patients — A pilot study. DNA Repair.  ISSN 1568-7864.  63, s 16- 24 . doi: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2018.01.005 Full text in Research Archive.
• Olsen, Thomas; Vinknes, Kathrine; Svingen, Gard Frodahl Tveitevåg; Pedersen, Eva Ringdal; Dhar, Indu; Tell, Grethe S.; Blomhoff, Rune; Ueland, Per Magne; Midttun, Øivind; Refsum, Helga & Nygård, Ottar (2018). The risk association of plasma total homocysteine with acute myocardial infarction is modified by serum vitamin A. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology (EJPC).  ISSN 2047-4873.  25(15), s 1612- 1620 . doi: 10.1177/2047487318788587 Full text in Research Archive.
• Ræder, Hanna; Henriksen, Christine; Bøhn, Siv Kjølsrud; Vilbo, Anne-Rikke; Henriksen, Hege; Kværner, Ane Sørlie; Rolid, Katrine; Paur, Ingvild; Smeland, Sigbjørn & Blomhoff, Rune (2018). Agreement between PG-SGA category and fat-free mass in colorectal cancer patients. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN.  ISSN 2405-4577.  27, s 24- 31 . doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2018.07.005 Full text in Research Archive.
• Ræder, Hanna; Kværner, Ane Sørlie; Henriksen, Christine; Florholmen, Geir; Henriksen, Hege; Bøhn, Siv Kjølsrud; Paur, Ingvild; Smeland, Sigbjørn & Blomhoff, Rune (2018). Validity of bioelectrical impedance analysis in estimation of fat-free mass in colorectal cancer patients. Clinical Nutrition.  ISSN 0261-5614.  37(1), s 292- 300 . doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.12.028 Full text in Research Archive.
• Travis, Ruth C; Perez-Cornago, Aurora; Appleby, Paul N; Albanes, Demetrius; Joshu, Corinne E; Lutsey, Pamela; Mondul, Alison M; Platz, Elizabeth A.; Weinstein, Stephanie J; Layne, Tracy M.; Helzlsouer, Kathy J; Visvanathan, Kala; Palli, Domenico; Peeters, Petra H; Bueno-de-Mesquita, Hendrik Bastiaan; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Gunter, Marc J; Tsilidis, Konstantinos K; Sánchez, Maria-Jose; Olsen, Anja; Brenner, Hermann; Schöttker, Ben; Perna, Laura; Holleczek, Bernd; Knekt, Paul; Rissanen, Harri; Yeap, Bu B.; Flicker, Leon; Almeida, Osvaldo P; Wong, Yuen Yee Elizabeth; Chan, June M.; Giovannucci, Edward L; Stampfer, Meir J; Ursin, Giske; Gislefoss, Randi Elin; Bjørge, Tone; Meyer, Haakon E; Blomhoff, Rune; Tsugane, Shoichiro; Sawada, Norie; English, Dallas R.; Eyles, Darryl W.; Heath, Alicia K; Williamson, Elizabeth; Manjer, Jonas; Malm, Johan; Almquist, Martin; Marchand, Loic Le; Haiman, Christopher A; Wilkens, Lynne R; Schenk, Jeanette M; Tangen, Cathy M; Black, Amanda; Cook, Michael B; Huang, Wen-Yi; Ziegler, Regina G; Martin, Richard M; Hamdy, Freddie C; Donovan, Jenny L; Neal, David E; Touvier, Mathilde; Hercberg, Serge; Galan, Pilar; Deschasaux, Mélanie; Key, Timothy J & Allen, Naomi E (2018). A collaborative analysis of individual participant data from 19 prospective studies assesses circulating Vitamin D and prostate cancer risk. Cancer Research.  ISSN 0008-5472.  79(1), s 274- 285 . doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-18-2318 Full text in Research Archive.
• Henriksen, Christine; Gjelstad, Ingrid Merethe Fange; Nilssen, Hugo & Blomhoff, Rune (2017). A low proportion of malnourished patients receive nutrition treatment - results from nutritionDay. Food & Nutrition Research.  ISSN 1654-6628.  61:1391667, s 1- 9 . doi: 10.1080/16546628.2017.1391667 Full text in Research Archive.
• Henriksen, Hege; Ræder, Hanna; Bøhn, Siv Kjølsrud; Paur, Ingvild; Kværner, Ane Sørlie; Billington, Siv Åshild; Eriksen, Morten Tandberg; Wiedswang, Gro; Erlund, Iris; Færden, Arne Engebreth; Veierød, Marit Bragelien; Zucknick, Manuela; Smeland, Sigbjørn & Blomhoff, Rune (2017). The Norwegian dietary guidelines and colorectal cancer survival (CRC-NORDIET) study: A food-based multicentre randomized controlled trial. BMC Cancer.  ISSN 1471-2407.  17(1) . doi: 10.1186/s12885-017-3072-4
• Holm, Maia Blomhoff; Bastani, Nasser Ezzatkhah; Holme, Ane Moe; Zucknick, Manuela; Jansson, Thomas; Refsum, Helga; Mørkrid, Lars; Blomhoff, Rune; Henriksen, Tore & Michelsen, Trond Melbye (2017). Uptake and release of amino acids in the fetal-placental unit in human pregnancies. PLOS ONE.  ISSN 1932-6203.  12(10) . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185760 Full text in Research Archive.
• Mezaki, Yoshihiro; Nagatsuma, Keisuke; Yokoyama, Hiroshi; Park, Joon Hyuk; Nakamura, Mariko; Masaki, Takahiro; Blomhoff, Rune; Senoo, Haruki & Matsuura, Tomokazu (2017). Biochemical and histochemical analyses of lecithin:retinol acyltransferase from polar bear (Ursus maritimus) livers. Polar Biology.  ISSN 0722-4060.  s 1- 11 . doi: 10.1007/s00300-017-2241-x
• Olsen, Thomas; Vinknes, Kathrine; Svingen, Gard Frodahl Tveitevåg; Pedersen, Eva Ringdal; Tell, Grethe S.; Blomhoff, Rune; Drevon, Christian A; Ueland, Per Magne; Midttun, Øivind; Refsum, Helga & Nygård, Ottar (2017). Cardiovascular disease risk associated with serum apolipoprotein B is modified by serum vitamin A. Atherosclerosis.  ISSN 0021-9150.  (265), s 325- 330 . doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.07.020
• Finnes, Trine Elisabeth; Lofthus, Cathrine Marie; Meyer, Haakon E; Søgaard, Anne-Johanne; Tell, Grethe Seppola; Apalset, Ellen M; Gjesdal, Clara Gram; Grimnes, Guri; Schei, Berit; Blomhoff, Rune; Samuelsen, Sven Ove & Holvik, Kristin (2016). A combination of low serum concentrations of vitamins K1 and D is associated with increased risk of hip fractures in elderly Norwegians: a NOREPOS study. Osteoporosis International.  ISSN 0937-941X.  27(4), s 1645- 1652 . doi: 10.1007/s00198-015-3435-0
• Kolberg, Marit; Pedersen, Sigrid; Mitake, Maiko; Lillebø Holm, Kristine; Bøhn, Siv Kjølsrud; Blomhoff, Heidi Kiil; Carlsen, Harald; Blomhoff, Rune & Paur, Ingvild (2016). Coffee inhibits nuclear factor-kappa B in prostate cancer cells and xenografts. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry.  ISSN 0955-2863.  27, s 153- 163 . doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.08.028
• Meyer, Haakon E; Støer, Nathalie; Samuelsen, Sven Ove; Blomhoff, Rune; Robsahm, Trude Eid; Brustad, Magritt; Giovannucci, Edward L & Bjørge, Tone (2016). Long Term Association between Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Mortality in a Cohort of 4379 Men. PLOS ONE.  ISSN 1932-6203.  11(3) . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151441 Full text in Research Archive.
• Paur, Ingvild; Lilleby, Wolfgang; Bøhn, Siv Kjølsrud; Hulander, Erik; Klein, Willibrord; Vlatkovic, Ljiljana; Axcrona, Karol; Bolstad, Nils; Bjøro, Trine; Laake, Petter; Tasken, Kristin Austlid; Svindland, Aud; Eri, Lars Magne; Brennhovd, Bjørn; Carlsen, Monica Hauger; Fosså, Sophie Dorothea; Smeland, Sigbjørn; Karlsen, Anette Solli & Blomhoff, Rune (2016). Tomato-based randomized controlled trial in prostate cancer patients: Effect on PSA. Clinical Nutrition.  ISSN 0261-5614.  36(3), s 672- 679 . doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.06.014 Full text in Research Archive.
• Russnes, Kjell Magne; Möller, Elisabeth; Wilson, Kathryn M.; Carlsen, Monica Hauger; Blomhoff, Rune; Smeland, Sigbjørn; Adami, Hans Olov; Grönberg, Henrik; Mucci, Lorelei A. & Bälter, Katarina (2016). Total antioxidant intake and prostate cancer in the Cancer of the Prostate in Sweden (CAPS) study. A case control study. BMC Cancer.  ISSN 1471-2407.  16:438, s 1- 12 . doi: 10.1186/s12885-016-2486-8
• Stea, Tonje Holte; Berntsen, Solvor; Berntsen, Sveinung; Bastani, Nasser Ezzatkhah; Paulsen, Gøran; Seiler, Hilde Lohne; Hetlelid, Ken Joar; Blomhoff, Rune & Mansoor, Mohammad Azam (2016). Effect of Omega-3 and Vitamins e + C Supplements on the Concentration of Serum B-Vitamins and Plasma Redox Aminothiol Antioxidant Status in Elderly Men after Strength Training for Three Months. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism.  ISSN 0250-6807.  68(2), s 145- 155 . doi: 10.1159/000443847
• Bjørnsen, Thomas; Salvesen, Svein; Berntsen, Sveinung; Hetlelid, Ken Joar; Stea, Tonje Holte; Seiler, Hilde Lohne; Rohde, Gudrun-Elin; Haraldstad, Kristin; Raastad, Truls; Køpp, Unni Mette; Haugeberg, Glenn; Mansoor, Mohammad Azam; Bastani, Nasser Ezzatkhah; Blomhoff, Rune; Stølevik, Solvor Berntsen; Seynnes, Olivier R. & Paulsen, Gøran (2015). Vitamin C and E supplementation blunts increases in total lean body mass in elderly men after strength training. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports.  ISSN 0905-7188.  26(7) . doi: 10.1111/sms.12506 Show summary

  The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of vitamin C and E supplementation on changes in muscle mass (lean mass and muscle thickness) and strength during 12 weeks of strength training in elderly men. Thirty-four elderly males (60–81 years) were randomized to either an antioxidant group (500 mg of vitamin C and 117.5 mg vitamin E before and after training) or a placebo group following the same strength training program (three sessions per week). Body composition was assessed with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and muscle thickness by ultrasound imaging. Muscle strength was measured as one-repetition maximum (1RM). Total lean mass increased by 3.9% (95% confidence intervals: 3.0, 5.2) and 1.4% (0, 5.4) in the placebo and antioxidant groups, respectively, revealing larger gains in the placebo group (P = 0.04). Similarly, the thickness of m. rectus femoris increased more in the placebo group [16.2% (12.8, 24.1)] than in the antioxidant group [10.9% (9.8, 13.5); P = 0.01]. Increases of lean mass in trunk and arms, and muscle thickness of elbow flexors, did not differ significantly between groups. With no group differences, 1RM improved in the range of 15–21% (P < 0.001). In conclusion, high-dosage vitamin C and E supplementation blunted certain muscular adaptations to strength training in elderly men.

• Cabo, Rona; Hernes, Sigrunn; Slettan, Audun; Haugen, Margaretha; Ye, Shu; Blomhoff, Rune & Mansoor, Mohammad Azam (2015). Effect of genetic polymorphisms involved in folate metabolism on the concentration of serum folate and plasma total homocysteine (p-tHcy) in healthy subjects after short-term folic acid supplementation: a randomized, double blind, crossover study. Genes & Nutrition.  ISSN 1555-8932.  10 . doi: 10.1007/s12263-015-0456-4 Full text in Research Archive.
• Cabo, Rona; Hernes, Sigrunn; Slettan, Audun; Haugen, Margaretha; Ye, Shu; Blomhoff, Rune & Mansoor, Mohammad Azam (2015). Effects of polymorphisms in endothelial nitric oxide synthase and folate metabolizing genes on the concentration of serum nitrate, folate, and plasma total homocysteine after folic acid supplementation: A double-blind crossover study. Nutrition - The International Journal of Applied and Basic Nutritional Sciences.  ISSN 0899-9007.  31(2), s 337- 344 . doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2014.08.009
• Holvik, Kristin; Ahmed, Luai Awad; Forsmo, Siri; Gjesdal, Clara Gram; Grimnes, Guri; Samuelsen, Sven Ove; Schei, Berit; Blomhoff, Rune; Tell, Grethe Seppola & Meyer, Haakon E (2015). No increase in risk of hip fracture at high serum retinol concentrations in community-dwelling older Norwegians: the Norwegian Epidemiologic Osteoporosis Studies. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.  ISSN 0002-9165.  102(5), s 1289- 1296 . doi: 10.3945/ajcn.115.110528
• Indrevær, Randi Larsen; Moskaug, Jan Øivind; Paur, Ingvild; Bøhn, Siv Kjølsrud; Jørgensen, Silje Fjellgård; Blomhoff, Rune; Aukrust, Pål; Fevang, Børre & Blomhoff, Heidi Kiil (2015). IRF4 is a critical gene in retinoic acid-mediated plasma cell formation and is deregulated in common variable immunodeficiency-derived B cells. Journal of Immunology.  ISSN 0022-1767.  195(6), s 2601- 2611 . doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500250
• Iversen, Per Ole; Ha, Lisa Ah Fung; Blomhoff, Rune; Hauge, Truls & Veierød, Marit Bragelien (2015). Baseline oxidative defense and survival after 5-7 years among elderly stroke patients at nutritional risk: Follow-up of a randomized, nutritional intervention trial. Clinical Nutrition.  ISSN 0261-5614.  34(4), s 775- 778 . doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2014.07.002
• Kolberg, Marit; Pedersen, Sigrid; Bastani, Nasser Ezzatkhah; Carlsen, Harald; Blomhoff, Rune & Paur, Ingvild (2015). Tomato Paste Alters NF-κB and Cancer-Related mRNA Expression in Prostate Cancer Cells, Xenografts, and Xenograft Microenvironment. Nutrition and Cancer.  ISSN 0163-5581.  67(2), s 305- 315 . doi: 10.1080/01635581.2015.990575
• Markussen, Marianne Skov; Veierød, Marit Bragelien; Sakhi, Amrit Kaur; Ellingjord-Dale, Merete; Blomhoff, Rune; Ursin, Giske & Andersen, Lene Frost (2015). Evaluation of dietary patterns among Norwegian postmenopausal women using plasma carotenoids as biomarkers. British Journal of Nutrition.  ISSN 0007-1145.  113(4), s 672- 682 . doi: 10.1017/S0007114514004103
• Sakhi, Amrit Kaur; Bastani, Nasser Ezzatkhah; Ellingjord-Dale, Merete; Gundersen, Thomas Erik; Blomhoff, Rune & Ursin, Giske (2015). Feasibility of self-sampled dried blood spot and saliva samples sent by mail in a population-based study. BMC Cancer.  ISSN 1471-2407.  15(1) . doi: 10.1186/s12885-015-1275-0 Full text in Research Archive.
• Svendsen, Mette; Tonstad, Serena; Heggen, Eli; Pedersen, Terje Rolf; Seljeflot, Ingebjørg; Bøhn, Siv Kjølsrud; Bastani, Nasser Ezzatkhah; Blomhoff, Rune; Holme, Ingar Morten K & Klemsdal, Tor Ole (2015). The effect of kiwifruit consumption on blood pressure in subjects with moderately elevated blood pressure: A randomized, controlled study. Blood Pressure.  ISSN 0803-7051.  24(1), s 48- 54 . doi: 10.3109/08037051.2014.976979
• Tjelle, Torunn Elisabeth; Holtung, Linda; Bøhn, Siv Kjølsrud; Aaby, Kjersti; Thoresen, Magne; Wiik, Siv Åshild; Paur, Ingvild; Karlsen, Anette Solli; Retterstøl, Kjetil; Iversen, Per Ole & Blomhoff, Rune (2015). Polyphenol-rich juices reduce blood pressure measures in a randomised controlled trial in high normal and hypertensive volunteers. British Journal of Nutrition.  ISSN 0007-1145.  114(7), s 1054- 1063 . doi: 10.1017/S0007114515000562 Full text in Research Archive. Show summary

  Intake of fruits and berries may lower blood pressure (BP), most probably due to the high content of polyphenols. In the present study, we tested whether consumption of two polyphenol-rich juices could lower BP. In a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of 12 weeks, 134 healthy individuals, aged 50–70 years, with high normal range BP (130/85–139/89 mmHg, seventy-two subjects) or stage 1-2 hypertension (140/90–179/109 mmHg, sixty-two subjects), were included. They consumed 500 ml/d of one of either (1) a commercially available polyphenol-rich juice based on red grapes, cherries, chokeberries and bilberries; (2) a juice similar to (1) but enriched With polyphenol-rich extracts from blackcurrant press-residue or (3) a placebo juice (polyphenol contents 245·5, 305·2 and 76 mg/100 g, respectively). Resting BP was measured three times, with a 1 min interval, at baseline and after 6 and 12 weeks of intervention. Systolic BP significantly reduced over time (6 and 12 weeks, respectively) in the pooled juice group compared with the placebo group in the first of the three measurements, both for the whole study group (6·9 and 3·4 mmHg; P¼0·01) and even more pronounced in the hypertensive subjects when analysed separately (7·3 and 6·8 mmHg; P¼0·04). The variation in the BP measurements was significantly reduced in the pooled juice group compared with the placebo group (1·4 and 1·7 mmHg; P¼0·03). In conclusion, the present findings suggest that polyphenol-rich berry juice may contribute to a BP- and BP variability lowering effect, being more pronounced in hypertensive than in normotensive subjects.

• Bilbija, Dusan; Elmabsout, Ali Ateia; Sagave, Julia Fritzi; Haugen, Fred; Bastani, Nasser Ezzatkhah; Dahl, Christen Peder; Gullestad, Lars; Sirsjö, Allan; Blomhoff, Rune & Valen, Guro (2014). Expression of retinoic acid target genes in coronary artery disease. International Journal of Molecular Medicine.  ISSN 1107-3756.  33(3), s 677- 686 . doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.1623
• Bøhn, Siv Kjølsrud; Blomhoff, Rune & Paur, Ingvild (2014). Coffee and cancer risk, epidemiological evidence, and molecular mechanisms. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research.  ISSN 1613-4125.  58(5), s 915- 930 . doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201300526
• Cabo, Rona; Kozik, Karolina; Milanowski, Maciej; Hernes, Sigrunn; Slettan, Audun; Haugen, Margaretha; Ye, Shu; Blomhoff, Rune & Mansoor, Mohammad Azam (2014). A simple high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the measurement of pyridoxal-5-phosphate and 4-pyridoxic acid in human plasma. Clinica Chimica Acta.  ISSN 0009-8981.  433, s 150- 156 . doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2014.03.003
• Cumming, Kristoffer Toldnes; Raastad, Truls; Holden, Geir; Bastani, Nasser Ezzatkhah; Schneeberger, Damaris; Paronetto, Maria Paola; Mercatelli, Neri; Østgaard, Hege Nymo; Ugelstad, Ingrid; Caporossi, Daniela; Blomhoff, Rune & Paulsen, Gøran (2014). Effects of vitamin C and E supplementation on endogenous antioxidant systems and heat shock proteins in response to endurance training. Physiological Reports.  ISSN 2051-817X.  2(10) . doi: 10.14814/phy2.12142 Show summary

  Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are important signal molecules for adaptations to training. Due to the antioxidant properties of vitamin C and E, supplementation has been shown to blunt adaptations to endurance training. In this study, we investigated the effects of vitamin C and E supplementation and endurance training on adaptations in endogenous antioxidants and heat shock proteins (HSP). Thirty seven males and females were randomly assigned to receive Vitamin C and E (C + E; C: 1000 mg, E: 235 mg daily) or placebo (PLA), and underwent endurance training for 11 weeks. After 5 weeks, a subgroup conducted a high intensity interval session to investigate acute stress responses. Muscle and blood samples were obtained to investigate changes in proteins and mRNA related to the antioxidant and HSP system. The acute response to the interval session revealed no effects of C + E supplementation on NFκB activation. However, higher stress responses to exercise in C + E group was indicated by larger translocation of HSPs and a more pronounced gene expression compared to PLA. Eleven weeks of endurance training decreased muscle GPx1, HSP27 and αB‐crystallin, while mnSOD, HSP70 and GSH remained unchanged, with no influence of supplementation. Plasma GSH increased in both groups, while uric acid decreased in the C + E group only. Our results showed that C + E did not affect long‐term training adaptations in the antioxidant‐ and HSP systems. However, the greater stress responses to exercise in the C + E group might indicate that long‐term adaptations occurs through different mechanisms in the two groups.

• Dewu, Maryam; El Yamani, Naouale; Bilyk, Olena; Holtung, Linda; Tjelle, Torunn Elisabeth; Blomhoff, Rune & Collins, Andrew Richard (2014). Leucocytes isolated from simply frozen whole blood can be used in human biomonitoring for DNA damage measurement with the comet assay. Cell Biochemistry and Function.  ISSN 0263-6484.  32(3), s 299- 302 . doi: 10.1002/cbf.3016
• Holvik, Kristin; Gjesdal, Clara Gram; Tell, Grethe Seppola; Grimnes, Guri; Schei, Berit; Apalset, Ellen M; Samuelsen, Sven Ove; Blomhoff, Rune; Michaëlsson, Karl & Meyer, Haakon E (2014). Low serum concentrations of alpha-tocopherol are associated with increased risk of hip fracture. A NOREPOS study. Osteoporosis International.  ISSN 0937-941X.  25(11), s 2545- 2554 . doi: 10.1007/s00198-014-2802-6
• Manickavasagar, Baheerathi; McArdle, Andrew J; Yadav, Pallavi; Shaw, Vanessa; Dixon, Marjorie A.; Blomhoff, Rune; Connor, Graeme O'; Rees, Lesley; Ledermann, Sarah; van't Hoff, William & Shroff, Rukshana (2014). Hypervitaminosis A is prevalent in children with CKD and contributes to hypercalcemia. Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, West).  ISSN 0931-041X.  30(2), s 317- 325 . doi: 10.1007/s00467-014-2916-2
• Morrison, Martine; van der Heijden, Roel; Heeringa, Peter; Kaijzel, Eric; Verschuren, Lars; Blomhoff, Rune; Kooistra, Teake & Kleemann, Robert (2014). Epicatechin attenuates atherosclerosis and exerts anti-inflammatory effects on diet-induced human-CRP and NFκB invivo. Atherosclerosis.  ISSN 0021-9150.  233(1), s 149- 156 . doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.12.027
• Paulsen, Gøran; Cumming, Kristoffer T.; Holden, Geir; Hallén, Jostein; Rønnestad, Bent; Sveen, Ole; Skaug, Arne; Paur, Ingvild; Bastani, Nasser Ezzatkhah; Østgaard, Hege Nymo; Buer, Charlotte; Midttun, Magnus; Freuchen, Fredrik; Wiig, Håvard; Ulseth, Elisabeth Tallaksen; Garthe, Ina; Blomhoff, Rune; Benestad, Haakon Breien & Raastad, Truls (2014). Vitamin C and E supplementation hampers cellular adaptation to endurance training in humans: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Journal of Physiology.  ISSN 0022-3751.  592(8), s 1887- 1901 . doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2013.267419 Show summary

  In this double-blind, randomised, controlled trial, we investigated the effects of vitamin C and E supplementation on endurance training adaptations in humans. Fifty-four young men and women were randomly allocated to receive either 1000 mg of vitamin C and 235 mg of vitamin E or a placebo daily for 11 weeks. During supplementation, the participants completed an endurance training programme consisting of three to four sessions per week (primarily of running), divided into high-intensity interval sessions [4-6 × 4-6 min; >90% of maximal heart rate (HRmax)] and steady state continuous sessions (30-60 min; 70-90% of HRmax). Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max ), submaximal running and a 20 m shuttle run test were assessed and blood samples and muscle biopsies were collected, before and after the intervention. Participants in the vitamin C and E group increased their VO2 max (mean ± s.d.: 8 ± 5%) and performance in the 20 m shuttle test (10 ± 11%) to the same degree as those in the placebo group (mean ± s.d.: 8 ± 5% and 14 ± 17%, respectively). However, the mitochondrial marker cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV (COX4) and cytosolic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1 α (PGC-1α) increased in the m. vastus lateralis in the placebo group by 59 ± 97% and 19 ± 51%, respectively, but not in the vitamin C and E group (COX4: -13 ± 54%; PGC-1α: -13 ± 29%; P ≤ 0.03, between groups). Furthermore, mRNA levels of CDC42 and mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) in the trained muscle were lower in the vitamin C and E group than in the placebo group (P ≤ 0.05). Daily vitamin C and E supplementation attenuated increases in markers of mitochondrial biogenesis following endurance training. However, no clear interactions were detected for improvements in VO2 max and running performance. Consequently, vitamin C and E supplementation hampered cellular adaptations in the exercised muscles, and although this did not translate to the performance tests applied in this study, we advocate caution when considering antioxidant supplementation combined with endurance exercise.

• Qureshi, Samera Azeem; Lund, Annette Christin; Veierød, Marit Bragelien; Carlsen, Monica Hauger; Blomhoff, Rune; Andersen, Lene Frost & Ursin, Giske (2014). Food items contributing most to variation in antioxidant intake; A cross-sectional study among Norwegian women. BMC Public Health.  ISSN 1471-2458.  14(1) . doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-45 Full text in Research Archive.
• Russnes, Kjell Magne; Wilson, Kathryn M.; Epstein, Mara M.; Kasperzyk, Julie L.; Stampfer, Meir J.; Kenfield, Stacey A.; Smeland, Sigbjørn; Blomhoff, Rune; Giovannucci, Edward L.; Willett, Walter C. & Mucci, Lorelei A. (2014). Total antioxidant intake in relation to prostate cancer incidence in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study. International Journal of Cancer.  ISSN 0020-7136.  134(5), s 1156- 1165 . doi: 10.1002/ijc.28438
• Slyskova, Jana; Lorenzo, Yolanda Corrales; Karlsen, Anette Solli; Carlsen, Monica Hauger; Novosadova, Vendula; Blomhoff, Rune; Vodicka, Pavel & Collins, Andrew Richard (2014). Both genetic and dietary factors underlie individual differences in DNA damage levels and DNA repair capacity. DNA Repair.  ISSN 1568-7864.  16(1), s 66- 73 . doi: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2014.01.016
• Kolberg, Marit; Paur, Ingvild; Balstad, Trude Rakel; Pedersen, Sigrid; Jacobs, David & Blomhoff, Rune (2013). Plant extracts of spices and coffee synergistically dampen nuclear factor–κB in U937 cells. Nutrition Research.  ISSN 0271-5317.  33(10), s 817- 830 . doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2013.07.008
• Aoyama, K; Saha, A; Tolar, J; Riddle, MJ; Veenstra, RG; Taylor, PA; Blomhoff, Rune; Panoskaltsis-Mortari, A; Klebanoff, CA; Socie, G; Munn, DH; Murphy, WJ; Serody, JS; Fulton, LM; Teshima, T; Chandraratna, RA; Dmitrovsky, E; Guo, YX; Noelle, RJ & Blazar, BR (2013). Inhibiting retinoic acid signaling ameliorates graft-versus-host disease by modifying T-cell differentiation and intestinal migration. Blood.  ISSN 0006-4971.  122(12), s 2125- 2134 . doi: 10.1182/blood-2012-11-470252
• Holvik, Kristin; Ahmed, Luai Awad; Forsmo, Siri; Gjesdal, Clara Gram; Grimnes, Guri; Samuelsen, Sven Ove; Schei, Berit; Blomhoff, Rune; Tell, Grethe S & Meyer, Haakon E (2013). Low Serum Levels of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Predict Hip Fracture in the Elderly: A NOREPOS Study. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism.  ISSN 0021-972X.  98(8), s 3341- 3350 . doi: 10.1210/jc.2013-1468 Full text in Research Archive.
• Karlsen, Anette; Svendsen, Mette; Seljeflot, Ingebjørg; Laake, Petter; Duttaroy, Asim K.; Drevon, Christian A; Arnesen, Harald; Tonstad, Serena & Blomhoff, Rune (2013). Kiwifruit decreases blood pressure and whole-blood platelet aggregation in male smokers. Journal of Human Hypertension.  ISSN 0950-9240.  27(2), s 126- 130 . doi: 10.1038/jhh.2011.116
• Meyer, Haakon E; Robsahm, Trude Eid; Bjørge, Tone; Brustad, Magritt & Blomhoff, Rune (2013). Vitamin D, season, and risk of prostate cancer: a nested case-control study within Norwegian health studies. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.  ISSN 0002-9165.  97(1), s 147- 154 . doi: 10.3945/ajcn.112.039222
• Aydemir, Gamze; Carlsen, Harald; Blomhoff, Rune & Rühl, Ralph (2012). Lycopene induces retinoic acid receptor transcriptional activation in mice. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research.  ISSN 1613-4125.  56(5), s 702- 712 . doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201100681
• Bastani, Nasser Ezzatkhah; Gundersen, Thomas Erik & Blomhoff, Rune (2012). Dried blood spot (DBS) sample collection for determination of the oxidative stress biomarker 8-epi-PGF2a in humans using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry.  ISSN 0951-4198.  26(6), s 645- 652 . doi: 10.1002/rcm.6149
• Bastani, Nasser Ezzatkhah; Kostovski, Emil; Sakhi, Amrit Kaur; Karlsen, Anette; Carlsen, Monica Hauger; Hjeltnes, Nils; Blomhoff, Rune & Iversen, Per Ole (2012). Reduced Antioxidant Defense and Increased Oxidative Stress in Spinal Cord Injured Patients. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.  ISSN 0003-9993.  93(12), s 2223- 2228 . doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2012.06.021
• Bilbija, Dusan; Haugen, Fred; Sagave, Julia Fritzi; Baysa, Anton; Bastani, Nasser Ezzatkhah; Levy, Finn Olav; Sirsjø, Allan; Blomhoff, Rune & Valen, Guro (2012). Retinoic Acid Signalling Is Activated in the Postischemic Heart and May Influence Remodelling. PLOS ONE.  ISSN 1932-6203.  7(9) . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044740
• Bøhn, Siv Kjølsrud; Russnes, Kjell Magne; Sakhi, Amrit Kaur; Thoresen, Magne; Holden, Marit; Moskaug, Jan Øivind; Myhrstad, Mari Charlotte; Olstad, Ole Kristoffer; Smeland, Sigbjørn & Blomhoff, Rune (2012). Stress associated gene expression in blood cells is related to outcome in radiotherapy treated head and neck cancer patients. BMC Cancer.  ISSN 1471-2407.  12 . doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-12-426 Show summary

  Background We previously observed that a radiotherapy-induced biochemical response in plasma was associated with favourable outcome in head and neck squamous carcinoma cancer (HNSCC) patients. The aim of the present study was to compare stress associated blood cell gene expression between two sub-groups of HNSCC patients with different biochemical responses to radiotherapy. Methods Out of 87 patients (histologically verified), 10 biochemical ‘responders’ having a high relative increase in plasma oxidative damage and a concomitant decrease in plasma antioxidants during radiotherapy and 10 ‘poor-responders’ were selected for gene-expression analysis and compared using gene set enrichment analysis. Results There was a significant induction of stress-relevant gene-sets in the responders following radiotherapy compared to the poor-responders. The relevance of the involvement of similar stress associated gene expression for HNSCC cancer and radioresistance was verified using two publicly available data sets of 42 HNSCC cases and 14 controls (GEO GSE6791), and radiation resistant and radiation sensitive HNSCC xenografts (E-GEOD-9716). Conclusions Radiotherapy induces a systemic stress response, as revealed by induction of stress relevant gene expression in blood cells, which is associated to favourable outcome in a cohort of 87 HNSCC patients. Whether these changes in gene expression reflects a systemic effect or are biomarkers of the tumour micro-environmental status needs further study.

• Guo, Yanxia; Pino-Lagos, Karina; Ahonen, Cory A.; Bennett, Kathy A.; Wang, Jinshan; Napoli, Joseph L.; Blomhoff, Rune; Sockanathan, Shanthini; Chandraratna, Roshantha A.; Dmitrovsky, Ethan; Turk, Mary Jo & Noelle, Randolph J. (2012). A Retinoic Acid-Rich Tumor Microenvironment Provides Clonal Survival Cues for Tumor-Specific CD8(+) T Cells. Cancer Research.  ISSN 0008-5472.  72(20), s 5230- 5239 . doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-12-1727
• Kielland, Anders; Camassa, Laura Maria Azzurra; Døhlen, Gaute; Munthe, Ludvig Andre; Blomhoff, Rune; Amiry-Moghaddam, Mahmood & Carlsen, Harald (2012). Activity in Perinatal Brain During Infectious and Hypoxic-Ischemic Insults revealed by a Reporter Mouse. Brain Pathology.  ISSN 1015-6305.  22(4), s 499- 510 . doi: 10.1111/j.1750-3639.2011.00548.x
• Kielland, Anders; Camassa, Laura Maria Azzurra; Døhlen, Gaute; Munthe, Ludvig Andre; Blomhoff, Rune; Amiry-Moghaddam, Mahmood & Carlsen, Harald (2012). NF-kappa B Activity in Perinatal Brain During Infectious and Hypoxic-Ischemic Insults Revealed by a Reporter Mouse. Brain Pathology.  ISSN 1015-6305.  22(4), s 499- 510 . doi: 10.1111/j.1750-3639.2011.00548.x
• Mihály, J.; Gericke, J.; Aydemir, G; Weiss, K.; Carlsen, Harald; Blomhoff, Rune; Garcia, J. & Rühl, Ralph (2012). Reduced Retinoid Signaling in the Skin after Systemic Retinoid-X Receptor Ligand Treatment in Mice with Potential Relevance for Skin Disorders. Dermatology.  ISSN 1018-8665.  225(4), s 304- 311 . doi: 10.1159/000345496
• Senoo, Haruki; Imai, Katsuyuki; Mezaki, Yoshihiro; Miura, Mitsutaka; Morii, Mayako; Fujiwara, Mutsunori & Blomhoff, Rune (2012). Accumulation of Vitamin A in the Hepatic Stellate Cell of Arctic Top Predators. Anatomical Record.  ISSN 0003-276X.  295(10), s 1660- 1668 . doi: 10.1002/ar.22555
• Sexton, Joseph; Blomhoff, Rune; Karlsen, Anette & Laake, Petter (2012). Adaptive combination of dependent tests. Computational Statistics & Data Analysis.  ISSN 0167-9473.  56(6), s 1935- 1943 . doi: 10.1016/j.csda.2011.11.018
• Balstad, Trude Rakel; Carlsen, Harald; Myhrstad, Mari; Kolberg, Marit; Reiersen, Hanne; Gilen, Lene; Ebihara, Kanae; Paur, Ingvild & Blomhoff, Rune (2011). Coffee, broccoli and spices are strong inducers of electrophile response element-dependent transcription in vitro and in vivo - Studies in electrophile response element transgenic mice. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research.  ISSN 1613-4125.  55(2), s 185- 197 . doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201000204
• Brevik, Asgeir; Gaivao, Isabel; Medin, Tirill; Jørgensen, Aud Jeanette; Piasek, Anita Maria; Elilasson, Johanna; Karlsen, Anette; Blomhoff, Rune; Veggan, Turid; Duttaroy, Asim K. & Collins, Andrew Richard (2011). Supplementation of a western diet with golden kiwifruits (Actinidia chinensis var.'Hort 16A':) effects on biomarkers of oxidation damage and antioxidant protection. Nutrition Journal.  ISSN 1475-2891.  10 . doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-10-54
• Brevik, Asgeir; Karlsen, Anette; Azqueta, Oscoz Amaya; Tirado, Anna Esteban; Blomhoff, Rune & Collins, Andrew Richard (2011). Both base excision repair and nucleotide excision repair in humans are influenced by nutritional factors. Cell Biochemistry and Function.  ISSN 0263-6484.  29(1), s 36- 42 . doi: 10.1002/cbf.1715
• Carlsen, Monica Hauger; Blomhoff, Rune & Andersen, Lene Frost (2011). Intakes of culinary herbs and spices from a food frequency questionnaire evaluated against 28-days estimated records. Nutrition Journal.  ISSN 1475-2891.  10 . doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-10-50
• Carlsen, Monica Hauger; Karlsen, Anette; Lillegaard, Inger Therese L.; Gran, Jon Michael; Drevon, Christian A; Blomhoff, Rune & Andersen, Lene Frost (2011). Relative validity of fruit and vegetable intake estimated from an FFQ, using carotenoid and flavonoid biomarkers and the method of triads. British Journal of Nutrition.  ISSN 0007-1145.  105(10), s 1530- 1538 . doi: 10.1017/S0007114510005246
• Follin-Arbelet, Virginie; Hofgaard, Peter Olaf; Hauglin, Harald; Naderi, Soheil; Sundan, Anders; Blomhoff, Rune; Bogen, Bjarne & Blomhoff, Heidi Kiil (2011). Cyclic AMP induces apoptosis in multiple myeloma cells and inhibits tumor development in a mouse myeloma model. BMC Cancer.  ISSN 1471-2407.  11 . doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-11-301 Full text in Research Archive.
• Gouranton, E; Aydemir, G; Reynaud, E; Marcotorchino, J; Malezet, C; Caris-Veyrat, C; Blomhoff, Rune; Landrier, JF & Ruhl, R (2011). Apo-10 '-lycopenoic acid impacts adipose tissue biology via the retinoic acid receptors. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids.  ISSN 1388-1981.  1811(12), s 1105- 1114 . doi: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2011.09.002
• Ha, Lisa Ah Fung; Sakhi, Amrit Kaur; Bøhn, Siv Kjølsrud; Flekkøy, Kjell- Magne; Blomhoff, Rune; Iversen, Per Ole & Hauge, Truls (2011). Antioxidant status after an acute stroke and the association with survival in elderly at nutritional risk. e - SPEN: the European e-journal of clinical nutrition and metabolism.  ISSN 1751-4991.  6(3), s e135- e141 . doi: 10.1016/j.eclnm.2011.02.004
• Halvorsen, Bente Lise & Blomhoff, Rune (2011). Determination of lipid oxidation products in vegetable oils and marine omega-3 supplements :. Food & Nutrition Research.  ISSN 1654-6628.  55, s 12 . doi: 10.3402/fnr.v55i0.5792

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• Retterstøl, Kjetil; Drevon, Christian A & Blomhoff, Rune (2019). Kapittel 28: Hjerte-karsykdommer. Cappelen Damm Akademisk.  ISBN 9788202643904.  540 s.
• Drevon, Christian A & Blomhoff, Rune (red.) (2012). Mat og medisin. Lærebok i generell og klinisk ernæring. 6. utgave. Cappelen Damm Akademisk.  ISBN 978-82-7634-967-2.  540 s.

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• Larsen, Sunniva Veen; Holven, Kirsten Bjørklund; Flatberg, Arnar; Christensen, Jacob J.; Leder, Lena; Blomhoff, Rune; Kolehmainen, Marjukka; Carlberg, Carsten; Myhrstad, Mari; Thoresen, Magne & Ulven, Stine Marie (2018). Effects of replacing saturated fatty acids with polyunsaturated fatty acids on gene expression profiles of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells: a double-blind randomised controlled trial.
• Kværner, Ane Sørlie; Minaguchi, Jun; Yamani, Naouale El; Henriksen, Christine; Ræder, Hanna; Paur, Ingvild; Henriksen, Hege; Wiedswang, Gro; Smeland, Sigbjørn; Blomhoff, Rune; Collins, Andrew Richard & Bøhn, Siv Kjølsrud (2017). DNA damage in blood cells in relation to chemotherapy and nutritional status in colorectal cancer patients.
• Rangel-Huerta, Oscar Daniel; Paur, Ingvild; Bastani, Nasser Ezzatkhah; Bøhn, Siv Kjølsrud; Lilleby, Wolfgang; Smeland, Sigbjørn; Karlsen, Anette Solli & Blomhoff, Rune (2017). Association between amino acids, biomarkers of prostate cancer and inflammation in Norwegian prostate cancer patients.
• Ræder, Hanna; Henriksen, Christine; Bøhn, Siv Kjølsrud; O`de Fey Vilbo, Anne Rikke; Henriksen, Hege; Kværner, Ane Sørlie; Paur, Ingvild; Smeland, Sigbjørn & Blomhoff, Rune (2016). A high proportion of cachectic cancer patients are not identified by the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment tool.
• Bøhn, Siv Kjølsrud; Kværner, Ane Sørlie; Henriksen, Hege; Ræder, Hanna; Paur, Ingvild & Blomhoff, Rune (2015). The nutrigenomic response to a 12 months dietary RCT in CRC patients.
• Finnes, Trine Elisabeth; Lofthus, Cathrine Marie; Søgaard, Anne-Johanne; Tell, Grethe Seppola; Apalset, Ellen M; Gjesdal, Clara Gram; Grimnes, Guri; Schei, Berit; Blomhoff, Rune; Samuelsen, Sven Ove; Meyer, Haakon E & Holvik, Kristin (2015). Low serum vitamin K1 increases the risk of hip fractures only at low vitamin D status. A NOREPOS study. European Geriatric Medicine.  ISSN 1878-7649.  6, s S17- S17
• Kværner, Ane Sørlie; Bøhn, Siv Kjølsrud; Henriksen, Hege; Paur, Ingvild; Ræder, Hanna & Blomhoff, Rune (2015). Kjøttkonsum og kreftrisiko – hva sier forskningen?. Norsk Tidsskrift for Ernæring.  ISSN 1503-5034.  (4), s 18- 22
• Olausen, Hans Robert; Bøhn, Siv Kjølsrud; Carlsen, Harald & Blomhoff, Rune (2015). Activation of p53 and antioxidant relevant transcriptional response by broccoli in colon cancer cells.
• Blomhoff, Rune & Meyer, Haakon E (2013). Feil om fett. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  133(6), s 612- 612 . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.13.0271
• Holvik, Kristin; Gjesdal, Clara Gram; Tell, Grethe S; Grimnes, Guri; Apalset, Ellen M; Schei, Berit; Blomhoff, Rune; Michaëlsson, Karl & Meyer, Haakon E (2013). Low serum concentration of vitamin E is associated with increased risk of hip fracture in the elderly. A NOREPOS case-cohort study. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research.  ISSN 0884-0431.  28, s S63 Show summary

  The increased oxidative stress associated with ageing influences the formation and survival of bone forming and bone resorbing cells. Vitamin E, of which α-tocopherol is the most abundant form in human tissues, is a plant-derived lipid soluble substance with potent antioxidant properties. The relation between vitamin E concentrations in blood and risk of hip fracture has not previously been investigated in a population-based study. We aimed to study the association between α-tocopherol levels in serum and risk of hip fractures in elderly men and women in Norway, the population with the world’s highest hip fracture incidence. In the Norwegian Epidemiologic Osteoporosis Studies (NOREPOS), we performed a case-cohort analysis in 21,774 men and women aged 65-79 years (mean 72 y) who underwent baseline examinations in four population-based health studies during 1994-2001. Data on incident hip fractures occurring up to 10.7 years of follow-up were retrieved from electronic patient administrative systems. Frozen serum samples from baseline were analyzed in participants who suffered a hip fracture during follow-up (n=1179; 307 men and 872 women) and in sex-stratified random samples from baseline (n=1447, including 89 of those who later suffered a hip fracture). α-tocopherol in serum was determined by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC)-fluorescence detection. Cox proportional hazards regression adapted for the case-cohort design was performed with adjustment for age, sex, and study center. Median (25, 75-percentile) serum α-tocopherol concentration was 30.0 (22.6, 38.3) µmol/l. A linear inverse relation between serum α-tocopherol levels and hip fracture was observed, with hazard ratio (HR) 1.12 (95% CI 1.04-1.20) per 10 µmol/l lower serum α-tocopherol. HR of hip fracture in the lowest (<22.6 µmol/l) compared with the highest (>=38.3 µmol/l) quartile of serum α-tocopherol was 1.53 (95% CI 1.18-1.97). The trend was linear across quartiles (p<0.001). Additional adjustment for body mass index, cigarette smoking, month of blood draw, and length of education yielded similar results. In conclusion, low serum concentrations of α-tocopherol were associated with increased risk of hip fracture in both men and women.

• Holvik, Kristin; Gjesdal, Clara Gram; Tell, Grethe S; Grimnes, Guri; Schei, Berit; Apalset, Ellen M; Samuelsen, Sven Ove; Blomhoff, Rune; Michaëlsson, Karl & Meyer, Haakon E (2013). Low serum concentrations of vitamin E are associated with increased risk of hip fracture in older Norwegians. A NOREPOS study. Norsk Epidemiologi, Supplement.  ISSN 0803-4206.  23, s 21 Show summary

  Aim: We aimed to study the association between α-tocopherol concentrations in serum and risk of hip fractures in older men and women. Methods: In the Norwegian Epidemiologic Osteoporosis Studies (NOREPOS) we performed a case-cohort analysis in 21,774 men and women aged 65-79 years (mean 72 y) who underwent baseline examinations in four community-based health studies during 1994-2001. Data on incident hip fractures were retrieved from electronic patient administrative systems. Frozen serum samples from baseline were analyzed in participants who suffered a hip fracture during median 8.2 years of follow-up (n=1168) and in sex-stratified random samples from baseline (n=1434). α-tocopherol was determined by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC)-fluorescence detection. Cox proportional hazards regression adapted for the case-cohort design was performed with adjustment for age, sex, and study center. Results: We observed a linear inverse relation between serum α-tocopherol levels and hip fracture, with hazard ratio (HR) 1.11 (95% CI 1.04-1.20) per 10 µmol/l lower serum α-tocopherol. HR of hip fracture in the lowest (<22.6 µmol/l) compared with the highest (>=38.3 µmol/l) quartile of serum α-tocopherol was 1.51 (95% CI 1.17-1.95). Adjustment for serum concentrations of 25(OH)D and retinol, smoking, month of blood sample, body mass index, education, physical inactivity and self-rated health yielded similar results. Conclusion: Low serum concentrations of α-tocopherol were associated with increased risk of hip fracture in older Norwegian men and women.

• Holvik, Kristin; Ahmed, Luai A.; Blomhoff, Rune; Forsmo, Siri; Gjesdal, Clara Gram; Grimnes, Guri; Samuelsen, Sven Ove; Schei, Berit; Tell, Grethe S & Meyer, Haakon E (2012). Vitamin D status and the risk of hip fracture in elderly in Norway. A four-center case-cohort study within the Norwegian Epidemiologic Osteoporosis Studies (NOREPOS). Show summary

  Objective: The relationship between vitamin D status and risk of hip fracture has not been established. Our aim was to study this relationship in a population-based case-cohort study of elderly men and women in Norway. Methods: N=21,774 men and women aged 65-79 years attended baseline examinations in four population-based health studies in Norway during 1994-2001. Subsequent hip fractures were retrieved from patient administrative systems and verified by X-ray or medical records, with maximum follow-up 10.7 years. All hip fracture cases and randomly sampled gender-specific subcohorts of men (4.5% yielding n=444) and women (9.0% yielding n=1058) were selected for analysis of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in serum samples from baseline stored at −80°C. 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3 was determined by HPLC-APCI-MS. We performed Cox proportional hazards regression of hip fracture vs. quartiles of total 25(OH)D, with left-truncation for age at baseline and right-censoring for age at exit, inverse probability weighting and robust variance, adjusted for study site. Additional analyses were adjusted for season of blood sample, body mass index, daily cigarette smoking, and self-rated health. Results: During a median follow-up of 8.2 years, 1232 individuals (340 men (3.4%) and 892 women (7.5%)) sustained a hip fracture. The subcohorts included 1502 individuals of whom 93 were also cases. Intact frozen serum was available and successfully analysed in n=2526 (95.6%). In men, there was a trend of increasing risk of hip fracture with decreasing 25(OH)D, statistically significant for Q1 (<43.3 nmol/l) vs. Q4 (>=69.2 nmol/l): HR 1.68 (95% CI 1.05-2.68) in the main analysis, and HR 1.65 (95% CI 1.01-2.67) in the fully adjusted analysis. In women, there was no significant relation between 25(OH)D and hip fracture. However, there was a tendency of increased HR in decreasing quartiles of 25(OH)D in adjusted analysis, with HR 1.19 (95% CI 0.90-1.59) in Q1 (<41.5 nmol/l) vs. Q4 (>=67.0 nmol/l). Conclusion: According to these preliminary analyses, lower vitamin D status was significantly associated with increased HR of hip fracture in men, but not women.

• Holvik, Kristin; Ahmed, Luai A.; Blomhoff, Rune; Forsmo, Siri; Gjesdal, Clara Gram; Grimnes, Guri; Samuelsen, Sven Ove; Schei, Berit; Tell, Grethe S & Meyer, Haakon E (2012). Vitamin D status in home-dwelling elderly across Norway and prospective risk of hip fracture. A case-cohort study within the Norwegian Epidemiologic Osteoporosis Studies (NOREPOS).
• Holvik, Kristin; Samuelsen, Sven Ove; Ahmed, Luai Awad; Forsmo, Siri; Gjesdal, Clara Gram; Grimnes, Guri; Blomhoff, Rune; Schei, Berit; Tell, Grethe S & Meyer, Haakon E (2012). Low serum levels of vitamins D and A predict hip fracture in the elderly. A multicenter case-cohort study within the Norwegian Epidemiologic Osteoporosis Studies (NOREPOS). Show summary

  Background: Norwegians have among the highest hip fracture rates worldwide. Vitamin D status is generally good and vitamin A intake is relatively high in Norway. Increased fracture risk at high intakes and serum levels of retinol have been observed in earlier epidemiologic studies. Objective: To study whether serum concentration of vitamins D and A in elderly Norwegians are related to risk of hip fracture, and whether high serum vitamin A (retinol) may counteract a possible protective effect of vitamin D. Methods: N=21,774 men and women aged 65-79 attended four community-based health studies during 1994- 2001. Subsequent hip fractures were retrieved from hospitals’ patient administrative systems, with maximum follow-up 10.7 years. 25(OH)D was determined by HPLC-APCI-MS and retinol by HPLC-UV in baseline serum samples in cases and weighted random samples of men and women. Adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression modified for the case-cohort design was performed using R. Results: During median follow-up 8.2 years, 340 men (3.4%) and 892 women (7.5%) suffered a hip fracture. We found an inverse association between 25(OH)D and hip fracture; HR 1.35 (95% CI 1.07-1.70) for <50 nmol/l compared with >75 nmol/l. Compared with middle retinol levels (2-3 μmol/l), low levels (<2 μmol/l) was associated with increased hip fracture risk: HR 1.27 (95% CI 1.00-1.62). In stratified analyses, the inverse association between 25(OH)D and risk of hip fracture was apparent at low retinol levels in men, but only at high retinol levels in women. Conclusion: Both 25(OH)D and retinol were inversely associated with risk of hip fracture.

• Arntsen, A.; Sakhi, Amrit Kaur; Kalfoss, Torill; Maleta, Kenneth M.; Blomhoff, Rune; Duttaroy, Asim K. & Bjune, Gunnar Aksel (2011). Lower plasma levels of selenium and glutathione in smear-positive tuberculosis patients in Malawi. Ethiopian Journal of Health Development.  ISSN 1021-6790.  25(3), s 230- 232
• Berhe, Nega; Myrvang, Bjørn; Blomhoff, Rune & Gundersen, Svein Gunnar (2011). Access to antioxidant rich diet and development of schistosomal periportal fibrosis (PPF): report from an Ethiopian cohort revisited after 10 years. Tropical medicine & international health.  ISSN 1360-2276.  16(S1), s 276- 276
• Blomhoff, Rune & Raastad, Truls (2011). Antioksidanter, I: Ina Gun Garthe & Christine Helle (red.),  Idrettsernæring.  Gyldendal Norsk Forlag.  ISBN 978-82-05-39186-4.  Kapittel 10- lærebok.  s 139 - 147
• Bøhn, Siv Kjølsrud; Blomhoff, Rune & Thoresen, Magne (2011). Antioxidant-rich foods induce genes associated with stress defence : implications for cancer and other oxidative stress related conditions.
• Cabo, Rona Natalie; Hernes, Sigrunn; Slettan, Audun; Haugen, H; Ye, S; Blomhoff, Rune; Sakhi, Amrit Kaur & Mansoor, Mohammad Azam (2011). Effect of polymorphisms in genes coding for enzyme involved in folate metabolism on the concentration of serum folate in healthy subjects during folic acid supplementation.

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