Academic interests
- Nutritional epidemiology
- Diet and cancer
- COVID-19 and long-covid
Background
Current and previous positions
- 2024- Postdoctoral researcher (The Norwegian Dietary Guidelines and Colorectal Cancer Survival Study, CRC-NORDIET study), Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Norway
- 2024- Researcher (The Norwegian COVID-19 Cohort Study, NCC study), Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
- 2022-24 Postdoctoral researcher (The Norwegian COVID-19 Cohort Study, NCC study), Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
- 2020-22 Researcher (Cod liver Oil for COVID-19 Prevention Study, CLOC study), Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
- 2013-21 PhD candidate (Energy Balance and Breast Cancer Aspects Study, EBBA II study), Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Norway
- 2007-13 Clinical dietitian, product specialist, Nestlé Infant Nutrition, Norway
- 2007 Clinical dietitian, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Norway
Education
- 2013-21 PhD, nutritional epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
- 2005-07 MSc, clinical and molecular nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
- 2005 Exchange semester, nutrition, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of KwaZulu Natal, South Africa
- 2002-05 BSc, nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
- 2001-02 Medical basics, Atlantis Medisinske høyskole, Norway
Positions held
Tags:
Nutritional epidemiology,
Dietary interventions,
Dietary Research,
Nutrition,
Cancer,
colorectal cancer,
COVID-19,
Long COVID
Publications
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Brunvoll, Sonja Hjellegjerde; Fagerland, Morten Wang; Nygaard, Anders Benteson; Ellingjord-Dale, Merete; Istre, Mette Stausland & Landrø, Nils Inge
[Show all 11 contributors for this article]
(2026).
Long COVID symptoms before and 3-35 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection in a Norwegian prospective cohort study, symptoms over the pandemic, and different virus variants.
International Journal of Infectious Diseases.
ISSN 1201-9712.
170.
doi:
10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108822.
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Magnúsdóttir, Ingibjörg; Nygaard, Anders Benteson; Hoffart, Asle; Murphy, Gillian; Kõiv, Kadri & Barker, Mary M.
[Show all 38 contributors for this article]
(2026).
Acute COVID-19 severity and impaired cognitive function up to 32 months after diagnosis: an observational study.
BMC Medicine.
24(1).
doi:
10.1186/s12916-026-04856-2.
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Background
Cognitive dysfunction (“brain fog”) is a commonly reported post-COVID-19 symptom. Leveraging data from five general population cohorts across four European countries (Estonia, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden), we assessed long-term prevalence of impaired subjective cognitive function among individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 by acute illness severity.
Methods
The included cohorts consisted of adult participants recruited from March 2020 and followed with self-report measures of cognitive function and past COVID-19 infection (except one cohort consisting of clinically confirmed COVID-19 cases) through February 2023. In a cross-sectional analysis we contrasted the prevalence of impaired cognitive function among individuals with and without a COVID-19 diagnosis, overall and by illness severity up to 32 months post-diagnosis. We adjusted for age, gender, education, relationship status, binge drinking, body mass index, previous psychiatric diagnosis, number of chronic medical conditions, and response period. In a longitudinal analysis, we assessed potential changes in cognitive function scores before and after COVID-19 diagnosis.
Results
The study population consisted of 153,841 participants (71% women), with 31,359 (20.4%) reporting a positive COVID-19 test. Overall, a COVID-19 diagnosis was not statistically significantly associated with increased prevalence ratio (PR) of impaired cognitive function (PR 1.30 [95% CI: 0.98–1.71]). Individuals bedridden due to COVID-19 for 1–6 days (PR 1.38 [95% CI 0.96–1.99]) or ≥ 7 days (2.59 [1.55–4.33]) had higher prevalence of impaired cognitive function compared to those never diagnosed, while individuals never bedridden had a lower prevalence to those never diagnosed with COVID-19 (0.89 [0.80–1.00]). These findings were corroborated in the longitudinal analysis where a pre- to post diagnosis decline in cognitive function was observed among individuals bedridden due to COVID-19 (p < 0.0001).
Conclusions
The data indicates that a severe COVID-19 acute illness course is associated with impaired cognitive function up to 18–32 months after COVID-19 diagnosis.
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Ellingjord-Dale, Merete; Nygaard, Anders Benteson; Støer, Nathalie Charlotte; Bø, Ragnhild; Landrø, Nils Inge & Brunvoll, Sonja Hjellegjerde
[Show all 14 contributors for this article]
(2024).
Temporal trajectories of long-COVID symptoms in adults with 22 months follow-up in a prospective cohort study in Norway.
International Journal of Infectious Diseases.
ISSN 1201-9712.
149,
p. 1–8.
doi:
10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107263.
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Objectives There is a lack of large studies on long-COVID symptoms with symptoms measurements before the onset of COVID-19. Therefore, long-COVID is still poorly defined. Methods The Norwegian COVID-19 Cohort Study is a population-based, open cohort of adult participants (aged 18-96 years) from Norway. From March 27, 2020, participants were recruited through social media, invitations, and nationwide media coverage. Fourteen somatic and cognitive symptoms were assessed at baseline and four follow-ups for up to 22 months. SARS-CoV-2 test status was obtained from a mandatory national registry or from self-report. Results After follow-up, 15 737 participants had a SARS-CoV-2-positive test, 67 305 had a negative test, and 37 563 were still untested. Persistent symptoms reported more frequently by positive compared with negative participants one month after infection, were memory problems (3-6 months: adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 6.8, CI = 5.7-8.1; >18 months: aOR = 9.4, CI = 4.1-22), and concentration problems (3-6 months: aOR = 4.1, CI = 3.5-4.7; >18 months: aOR = 4.4, CI = 2.0-9.7) as well fatigue, dyspnea, anosmia and dysgeusia. Conclusions COVID-19 was associated with cognitive symptoms, anosmia, dysgeusia, dyspnea, and fatigue as well as worsening of overall health up to 22 months after a SARS-CoV-2 test, even when correcting for symptoms before the onset of COVID-19.
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Buer, Sofie; Hagen, Bjørn Ole Ingulfsvann; Søraas, Arne Vasli Lund; White, Richard Aubrey; Bø, Ragnhild & Ellingjord-Dale, Merete
[Show all 12 contributors for this article]
(2024).
Executive deficits after SARS-CoV-2 infection: A cross-sectional population study.
Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - Health (BBI - Health).
41,
p. 1–8.
doi:
10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100857.
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Importance Despite the major implications of executive deficits in day-to-day functioning, few studies have investigated this in post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection using standardized measures that differentiate between aspects of executive function. Objective Examine whether SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with deficits in executive functions and if so, investigate the duration of this association. Design, Setting, and Participants The present research has a cross-sectional design and uses data from the Norwegian Covid-19 Cohort study. The current cohort (n = 8102) completed the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function- Adult Version (BRIEF-A) electronically between April 2021 and September 2021. During the assessment, 4183 of the included participants had a prior positive polymerase chain reaction test (PCR) for SARS-CoV-2 and 3919 were untested or had a confirmed negative PCR test. Exposure Laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Main outcomes and measures Executive functions were measured using the BRIEF-A, a self-report questionnaire comprising 75 items within nine theoretically and empirically distinct clinical scales. All participants self-reported on demographical variables and comorbidity. Information on sex and age was derived from the personal identification number, and vaccination status was obtained from the Norwegian Immunization Registry (SYSVAK). Results Participants with a positive SARS-CoV-2 status reported executive deficits in everyday life above the clinical threshold (T-score ≥65) more often than non-infected controls (383 vs. 225). Specifically, the SARS-CoV-2 positive status group indicated significantly more deficits related to metacognition, with the greatest difference demonstrated for working memory. This difference remained when adjusting for various demographic factors and comorbidities, with significantly greater odds of reporting above the clinical threshold following SARS-CoV-2 infection, as observed on the global executive composite score 6–12 months after infection (OR 1.97; 95% CI 1.51 to 2.55). Conclusions Our study confirms more perceived executive deficits following SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to non-infected controls, with metacognitive aspects being the most affected. These findings shed light on the potential functional difficulties that individuals may encounter during the post-acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection and may guide further development of targeted interventions addressing metacognitive domains of executive functioning.
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Ellingjord-Dale, Merete; Kalleberg, Karl Trygve; Istre, Mette Stausland; Nygaard, Anders Benteson; Brunvoll, Sonja Hjellegjerde & Eggesbø, Linn Margrethe
[Show all 10 contributors for this article]
(2022).
The use of public transport and contraction of SARS-CoV-2 in a large prospective cohort in Norway.
BMC Infectious Diseases.
22(1).
doi:
10.1186/s12879-022-07233-5.
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Background
For many people public transport is the only mode of travel, and it can be challenging to keep the necessary distances in such a restricted space. The exact role of public transportation and risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission is not known.
Methods
Participants (n = 121,374) were untested adult Norwegian residents recruited through social media who in the spring of 2020 completed a baseline questionnaire on demographics and the use of public transport. Incident cases (n = 1069) had a positive SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction test registered at the Norwegian Messaging System for Infectious Diseases by January 27, 2021. We investigated the association between the use of public transport and SARS-CoV-2 using logistic regression. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusted for age, calendar time, gender, municipality, smoking, income level, fitness and underlying medical conditions were estimated. Frequency of the use of public transport was reported for 2 week-periods.
Results
Before lockdown, those who tested positive on SARS-CoV-2 were more likely to have used public transport 1–3 times (OR = 1.28, CI 1.09–1.51), 4–10 times (OR = 1.49, CI 1.26–1.77) and ≥ 11 times (OR = 1.50, CI 1.27–1.78, p for trend < 0.0001) than those who had not tested positive.
Conclusion
The use of public transport was positively associated with contracting SARS-CoV-2 both before and after lockdown.
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Brunvoll, Sonja Hjellegjerde; Flote, Vidar Gordon; Halset, Eline Holli; Bertheussen, Gro Falkener; Skjerven, Helle & Lømo, Jon
[Show all 8 contributors for this article]
(2022).
Normal and unusual days for dietary intake during the 12 months after a breast cancer diagnosis in women.
European Journal of Nutrition.
ISSN 1436-6207.
61,
p. 3873–3885.
doi:
10.1007/s00394-022-02925-9.
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Purpose
There are several reasons to report days as being unusual with regard to dietary intake, including special occasions and celebrations. For breast cancer patients during the 12 month post-surgery period, unusual days may also include days that are affected by being a cancer patient. The aim of this study was to study dietary intake on “normal” and “unusual” days, and to study what is reported in “free text fields” of a food diary.
Methods
Women (n = 456), mean age 55.5 years newly diagnosed with invasive breast cancer (stage I/II) were included in this clinical study. “Normal” and “unusual” days in general, over time and during the week and weekends were studied using repeated administration of a 7-day pre-coded food diary.
Results
The breast cancer patients reported 26% of all days as unusual. The intake of energy, most nutrients, especially alcohol and sugar, red and processed meat, and sweets, cakes, and snacks was 5–126% higher, whereas intake of fiber, fruit and berries, vegetables, and dairy products was 7–17% lower on unusual than on normal days (P < 0.001). The same pattern was seen for normal/unusual days during the weekdays, weekends and over time. Finally, 99% of the breast cancer patients used the free text fields to report additional intake with a mean energy of 1.1 MJ/day.
Conclusion
For breast cancer patients during the 12-month post-surgery period, unusual days are important drivers of total intake, especially for alcohol. The free text fields in the pre-coded food diary contributed substantially to the total intake.
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Garcia-Gallo, Esteban; Merson, Laura; Kennon, Kalynn; Kelly, Sadie; Citarella, Barbara Wanjiru & Fryer, Daniel Vidali
[Show all 1,775 contributors for this article]
(2022).
ISARIC-COVID-19 dataset: A Prospective, Standardized, Global Dataset of Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19.
Scientific Data.
9(1).
doi:
10.1038/s41597-022-01534-9.
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The International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) COVID-19 dataset is one of the largest international databases of prospectively collected clinical data on people hospitalized with COVID-19. This dataset was compiled during the COVID-19 pandemic by a network of hospitals that collect data using the ISARIC-World Health Organization Clinical Characterization Protocol and data tools. The database includes data from more than 705,000 patients, collected in more than 60 countries and 1,500 centres worldwide. Patient data are available from acute hospital admissions with COVID-19 and outpatient follow-ups. The data include signs and symptoms, pre-existing comorbidities, vital signs, chronic and acute treatments, complications, dates of hospitalization and discharge, mortality, viral strains, vaccination status, and other data. Here, we present the dataset characteristics, explain its architecture and how to gain access, and provide tools to facilitate its use.
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Brunvoll, Sonja Hjellegjerde; Nygaard, Anders Benteson; Ellingjord-Dale, Merete; Holland, Petter; Istre, Mette Stausland & Kalleberg, Karl Trygve
[Show all 15 contributors for this article]
(2022).
Prevention of covid-19 and other acute respiratory infections with cod liver oil supplementation, a low dose vitamin D supplement: quadruple blinded, randomised placebo controlled trial.
The BMJ.
378.
doi:
10.1136/bmj-2022-071245.
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Objective
To determine if daily supplementation with cod liver
oil, a low dose vitamin D supplement, in winter,
prevents SARS-CoV-2 infection, serious covid-19, or
other acute respiratory infections in adults in Norway.
Design
Quadruple blinded, randomised placebo controlled
trial.
Setting
Norway, 10 November 2020 to 2 June 2021.
Participants
34601 adults (aged 18-75 years), not taking daily
vitamin D supplements.
Intervention
5 mL/day of cod liver oil (10 µg of vitamin D,
n=17278) or placebo (n=17323) for up to six months.
Main outcome measures
Four co-primary endpoints were predefined: the first
was a positive SARS-CoV-2 test result determined
by reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase
chain reaction and the second was serious covid-19,
defined as self-reported dyspnoea, admission to
hospital, or death. Other acute respiratory infections
were indicated by the third and fourth co-primary
endpoints: a negative SARS-CoV-2 test result and
self-reported symptoms. Side effects related to the
supplementation were self-reported. The fallback
method was used to handle multiple comparisons.
Results
Supplementation with cod liver oil was not associated
with a reduced risk of any of the co-primary endpoints.
Participants took the supplement (cod liver oil or
placebo) for a median of 164 days, and 227 (1.31%)
participants in the cod liver oil group and 228 (1.32%)
participants in the placebo group had a positive
SARS-CoV-2 test result (relative risk 1.00, multiple
comparison adjusted confidence interval 0.82 to
1.22). Serious covid-19 was identified in 121 (0.70%)
participants in the cod liver oil group and in 101
(0.58%) participants in the placebo group (1.20,
0.87 to 1.65). 8546 (49.46%) and 8565 (49.44%)
participants in the cod liver oil and placebo groups,
respectively, had ≥1 negative SARS-CoV-2 test results
(1.00, 0.97 to 1.04). 3964 (22.94%) and 3834
(22.13%) participants in the cod liver oil and placebo
groups, respectively, reported ≥1 acute respiratory
infections (1.04, 0.97 to 1.11). Only low grade side
effects were reported in the cod liver oil and placebo
groups.
Co nclusion
Supplementation with cod liver oil in the winter did
not reduce the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection,
serious covid-19, or other acute respiratory infections
compared with placebo.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04609423.
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Bøhn, Siv Kjølsrud; Thune, Inger; Flote, Vidar Gordon; Frydenberg, Hanne; Bertheussen, Gro Falkener & Husøy, Anders
[Show all 12 contributors for this article]
(2021).
Effects of a One-Year Physical Activity Intervention on Markers of Hemostasis among Breast Cancer Survivors - A Randomized Controlled Trial.
TH Open.
5(1),
p. e14–e23.
doi:
10.1055/s-0040-1721782.
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Introduction: Physical activity may reduce the development of breast cancer. Whereas hypercoagulability has been linked to adverse outcomes in breast cancer patients, the effects of physical activity on their hemostatic factors are unknown. The study aimed to assess whether long-term (1 year) physical activity can affect hemostatic factors in breast cancer patients.
Methods: Fifty-five women (35–75 years) with invasive breast cancer stage I/II were randomized to a physical activity intervention (n = 29) lasting 1 year or to a control group (n = 26), and analyzed as intention to treat. Fibrinogen, factor VII antigen, tissue factor pathway inhibitor, and von Willebrand factor (VWF) antigen as well as prothrombin fragment 1 + 2, the endogenous thrombin potential and D-dimer, were measured in plasma before intervention (baseline), and then after 6 and 12 months.
Results: Maximal oxygen uptake (measure of cardiorespiratory fitness) decreased the first 6 months among the controls, but remained stable in the intervention group. We found no significant differences between the two study groups regarding any of the hemostatic factors, except a significantly higher increase in factor VII antigen in the intervention group. The effect of the intervention on VWF was, however, significantly affected by menopausal stage, and a significant effect of the intervention was found on VWF among postmenopausal women, even after adjustment for dietary intake.
Conclusion: Long-term physical activity had no effect on the majority of the hemostatic factors measured, but led to increased plasma concentrations of factor VII antigen and prevented an increase in VWF concentration after breast cancer treatment in postmenopausal women. The clinical impact of these findings for risk of vascular thrombosis warrants further studies.
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Brunvoll, Sonja Hjellegjerde; Thune, Inger; Bertheussen, Gro Falkener; Fjeldheim, Frøydis Nyborg; Flote, Vidar Gordon & Frydenberg, Hanne
[Show all 13 contributors for this article]
(2020).
Dietary changes in early-stage breast cancer patients from pre-surgery and over the 12 months post-surgery.
British Journal of Nutrition.
ISSN 0007-1145.
125(2),
p. 172–182.
doi:
10.1017/S0007114520002627.
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The time after a breast cancer diagnosis is a potential period for making positive dietary changes, but previous results are conflicting. The main aim of the present study was to study breast cancer patients’ dietary changes during the 12 months post-surgery and from 12 months pre-surgery to 12 months post-surgery with repeated administration of a 7-d pre-coded food diary and an FFQ, respectively. Women (n 506), mean age 55·3 years diagnosed with invasive breast cancer (stages I and II), were included. The dietary intake was quite stable over time, but the intake was lower for energy (0·3 and 0·4 MJ/d), alcohol (1·9 and 1·5 g/d) and vegetables (17 and 22 g/d) at 6 months than 3 weeks post-surgery (food diary) and at 12 months post-surgery than pre-surgery (FFQ), respectively. Furthermore, energy percentage (E%) from carbohydrates increased between 0·8 and 1·2 E% and E% from fat decreased between 0·6 and 0·8 E% over time, measured by both dietary assessment methods. We observed a higher intake of dairy products (11 g/d) at 6 months post-surgery (food diary), and a lower intake of dairy products (34 g/d) and red and processed meat (7·2 g/d) at 12 months post-surgery (FFQ). Moreover, 24 % of the patients claimed they made dietary changes, but mostly they did not change their diet differently compared with those patients who claimed no changes. In conclusion, breast cancer patients reported only minor dietary changes from 12 months pre-surgery and during the 12 months post-surgery.
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Brunvoll, Sonja Hjellegjerde; Thune, Inger; Frydenberg, Hanne; Flote, Vidar Gordon; Bertheussen, Gro Falkener & Schlichting, Ellen
[Show all 8 contributors for this article]
(2018).
Validation of repeated self-reported n-3 PUFA intake using serum phospholipid fatty acids as a biomarker in breast cancer patients during treatment 11 Medical and Health Sciences 1112 Oncology and Carcinogenesis.
Nutrition Journal.
17:94,
p. 1–12.
doi:
10.1186/s12937-018-0402-6.
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<p><i>Background</i>: The role of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in breast cancer is not clear and under debate. To explore this relationship it is important to have proper validated dietary assessment methods for measuring the intake of n-3 PUFAs. The aim of the current study is to validate two different methods used to assess the intake of selected n-3 PUFAs as well as food sources of long-chained n-3 PUFAs. Also, we aim to study how stable the intake of fatty acids is during breast cancer treatment.</p> <p><i>Methods</i>: The study-population was patients with breast cancer (Stages I-II) or ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS-grade III) undergoing treatment (n = 49) in Norway. Dietary intake was assessed by two self-administered methods, a 256 food item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and a 7-day pre-coded food diary (PFD). The FFQ was administered presurgery and twelve months postsurgery, and the PFD was administered shortly after surgery (10 +/− 2 days), six and twelve months postsurgery. Fasting blood samples (presurgery, six and twelve months postsurgery) were analysed for serum phospholipid fatty acids, a biomarker for intake of n-3 PUFAs.</p> <p><i>Results</i>: Mean (SD) age was 54.2 (7.8) years at diagnosis, and the mean (SD) body mass index (BMI) was 24.8 (3.4) kg/m2. Correlation coefficients between dietary intakes of n-3 PUFAs measured with the FFQ and the PFD ranged from 0.35 to 0.66. The correlation coefficients between the PFD and the biomarker (serum phospholipid n-3 PUFAs) as well as between the FFQ and the biomarker demonstrated stronger correlations twelve months after surgery (ρ 0.40–0.56 and 0.36–0.53, respectively) compared to around surgery (ρ 0.08–0.20 and 0.28–0.38, respectively). The same pattern was observed for intake of fatty fish. The intake of n-3 PUFAs did not change during treatment assessed by the FFQ, PFD or biomarker.</p> <p><i>Conclusion</i>: These results indicate that the FFQ and the PFD can be used to assess dietary intake of fish and n-3 PUFAs in breast cancer patients during breast cancer treatment. Still, the PFD shortly after surgery should be used with caution. The diet of patients undergoing breast cancer treatment was quite stable, and the intake of n-3 PUFAs did not change.
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Buer, Sofie; Stubberud, Jan Egil; Hagen, Bjørn Ole Ingulfsvann; Nygaard, Anders Benteson; Søraas, Arne Vasli Lund & Lerdal, Anners
[Show all 12 contributors for this article]
(2024).
Executive functions following COVID-19.
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A significant proportion of patients recovering from SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) exhibit deficits in executive functions. This presentation highlighted preliminary results from a cross-sectional population study examining these executive deficits following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Additionally, it introduced early findings from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) assessing the effectiveness of Goal Management Training in improving executive functions for individuals experiencing Post-COVID-19 conditions.
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Ellingjord-Dale, Merete; Brunvoll, Sonja Hjellegjerde & Søraas, Arne Vasli Lund
(2024).
Prospective Memory Assessment before and after Covid-19.
New England Journal of Medicine.
ISSN 0028-4793.
390(9),
p. 863–865.
doi:
10.1056/NEJMc2311200.
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Søraas, Arne Vasli Lund; Brunvoll, Sonja Hjellegjerde; Nygaard, Anders Benteson; Dahl, John Arne & Ursin, Giske
(2024).
Post-COVID-19 condition symptoms 6–12 months after hospitalisation in Wuhan.
The Lancet.
ISSN 0140-6736.
403(10434),
p. 1336–1336.
doi:
10.1016/S0140-6736(24)00414-8.
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Medin, Anine Christine & Brunvoll, Sonja Hjellegjerde
(2019).
Feilkilder i ernæringsepidemiologi – kommentar til Lysne og Olsen.
Norsk tidsskrift for ernæring (NTFE).
ISSN 1503-5034.
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https://www.ntfe.no/i/2019/1/tfe-2019-01b-1812
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Published
Oct. 9, 2024 9:04 AM
- Last modified
Oct. 24, 2025 9:33 AM