Postprandial effects of high-fat dairy meals

Postprandial effects of high-fat meals with different dairy products on lipid metabolism and inflammation.

platter with milk, yoghurt and four different cheeses

Illustration: Colourbox

About the project

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the most common cause of death worldwide and stand for approximately 31 % of all deaths.

Saturated fat intake increases LDL-cholesterol, a major risk factor for CVDs. Milk fat from cow consists of approximately 65 % saturated fatty acids, making dairy products account for 42 % of the total intake of saturated fat in Norway.

However, dairy products are a heterogeneous food group with major differences in nutrient composition and some are fermented, and others are not. Human intervention studies with butter have resulted in raised levels of LDL cholesterol in plasma. Clinical trials with cheese have, however, not confirmed the effect seen from butter and neither has studies on milk, independent of fat content.

Further, the epidemiological data on dairy products and risk of CVD or mortality is inconclusive. Two recent cohorts are pointing at an association between high intake of milk and increased risk of mortality, but most studies have indicated a decreased CVD risk from intake of fermented dairy products such as cheese and yoghurt. Non-fasting triglycerides (TG) levels are a significant risk indicator for CHD. As most people eat several times per day, the major percentage of the daily 24 hours is spent in a postprandial state.

How different dairy foods affect postprandial lipemia is therefore a research area of great relevance and importance for cardiovascular health prediction. 

Objectives

To study if meals with different dairy products with the same fatty acid composition and amount of fat have different effect on lipids and inflammation after a meal (in the post-prandial period).

Financing

The project is financed as an innovation project with the industry via NFR and TINE. In addition, the study has received support from the University of Oslo and the Throne-Holst foundation.

Cooperation

This is a collaborative project between UiO and TINE.

Selected publications

Hansson, P., Holven, K. B., Øyri, L. K. L., Brekke, H. K., Gjevestad, G. O., Thoresen, M., & Ulven, S. M. (2019). Sex differences in postprandial responses to different dairy products on lipoprotein subclasses: a randomised controlled cross-over trial. The British journal of nutrition122(7), 780–789. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114519001429

Hansson, P., Holven, K. B., Øyri, L. K. L., Brekke, H. K., Biong, A. S., Gjevestad, G. O., Raza, G. S., Herzig, K. H., Thoresen, M., & Ulven, S. M. (2019). Meals with Similar Fat Content from Different Dairy Products Induce Different Postprandial Triglyceride Responses in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Controlled Cross-Over Trial. The Journal of nutrition149(3), 422–431. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxy291

Hansson, P., Holven, K. B., Øyri, L. K. L., Brekke, H. K., Gjevestad, G. O., Rehfeld, J. F., Raza, G. S., Herzig, K. H., & Ulven, S. M. (2020). Dairy products influence gut hormone secretion and appetite differently: A randomized controlled crossover trial. Journal of dairy science103(2), 1100–1109. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2019-16863

Rundblad, A., Holven, K. B., Øyri, L. K. L., Hansson, P., Ivan, I. H., Gjevestad, G. O., Thoresen, M., & Ulven, S. M. (2020). Intake of Fermented Dairy Products Induces a Less Pro-Inflammatory Postprandial Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Gene Expression Response than Non-Fermented Dairy Products: A Randomized Controlled Cross-Over Trial. Molecular nutrition & food research64(21), e2000319. https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.202000319

Published Jan. 7, 2024 8:53 PM - Last modified Jan. 8, 2024 10:33 AM

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Participants

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