Torun Marie Vatne

• Vatne, Torun Marie; Pedersen, Elise Olsen & Lie, Hanne Cathrine (2026). Reactions, Adaptation, and Support Needs of Siblings of Children with a Life-Limiting Disease: The Parents’ Experiences. Children. 13(5). doi: 10.3390/children13050620. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Prentice, Caitlin Mccombs; Orm, Stian; Kirchhofer, Solveig Melanie; Fredriksen, Trude; Botta, Matteo & Zahl, Erica [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Family Factors Associated with Teacher-Rated Mental Health for Siblings of Children with Chronic Disorders. School Mental Health. ISSN 1866-2625. doi: 10.1007/s12310-026-09866-2. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Siblings of children with chronic disorders are at risk of mental health problems, with risk factors including both individual-level characteristics and home-based, family-level factors. Such risk factors tend to inter-correlate, making non-family perspectives, such as those of teachers, an important part of a multi-informant approach to assessing sibling mental health. We investigated whether sibling-, mother- and father-reported family-level factors were associated with teacher-rated mental health of siblings in Norway. We used data from 127 teachers reporting on siblings’ mental health (sibling M age = 10.3 years, SD  = 2.0, 53.4% girls, 46.5% boys) to examine associations with familial factors reported by 113 mothers, 85 fathers, and 118 siblings of children with chronic disorders. We found that sibling-reported difficulties with adjustment to living with their brother or sister with a chronic disorder was moderately associated with more teacher-rated internalizing problems for siblings. Lower father-reported family social support was moderately associated with more teacher-rated externalizing problems for siblings. These associations remained significant in multivariate analyses examining all factors simultaneously as predictors of teacher-rated mental health and controlling for sibling age and sex. Emotional and behavioral problems of the child with a chronic disorder, parental mental health, and age difference between the sibling and the child with the disorder were not associated with teacher-rated mental health. Our findings suggest that teachers can detect mental health difficulties in siblings and therefore can be valuable informants on sibling mental health as part of a broader multi-informant approach.

• Prentice, Caitlin Mccombs; Wehrli, Susanne; Zahl, Erica; Orm, Stian; Botta, Matteo & Vatne, Torun Marie [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Parent–Teacher Discrepancies About the Mental Health of Siblings of Children With Chronic Disorders: A Latent Profile Analysis. Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders. ISSN 1063-4266. 34(2), s. 106–116. doi: 10.1177/10634266261417609. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Siblings of children with chronic disorders are at an increased risk of internalizing and externalizing problems, but the extent to which this is true varies depending on who rates sibling mental health. We examined interrater discrepancies between teachers and parents who rated the behavior of siblings of children with chronic disorders on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and investigated possible predictors of these discrepancies. We used Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) to identify classes of siblings with higher and lower levels of discrepancy between raters. Predictors of interrater discrepancy were also examined, including sibling age and sex, and the impact of the disorder. We identified four distinct classes of siblings with differing levels of interrater discrepancy and internalizing and externalizing problems. Sibling sex had a small effect on classes, with girls less likely to be included in the discrepant classes. Neither sibling age nor the impact of the disorder predicted being included in discrepant classes. Our findings reflect previous research showing that sibling experiences and outcomes tend to vary between individuals and across settings and that teachers tend to report fewer problems of different types than parents. Further research is needed to better understand predictors of these interrater discrepancies.

• Schumann, Amalie; Vatne, Torun Marie; Dalton, Louise; Rapa, Elizabeth & Fjermestad, Krister Westlye (2025). “It’s like a car that doesn’t like gasoline” - a qualitative study of siblings’ understanding of anorexia nervosa in childhood: perspectives from siblings and parents. Journal of Eating Disorders. 13. doi: 10.1186/s40337-025-01263-5. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background When adolescents develop anorexia nervosa (AN), this impacts the family system and puts healthy siblings at risk of mental health problems. Siblings need support and age-appropriate information about the diagnosis to prevent negative mental health outcomes. However, evidence-based support for siblings is limited. The current study aimed to explore siblings’ perceptions of AN and parents’ beliefs about siblings’ understanding expressed within an intervention programme for siblings and parents. Methods This qualitative study employed a hybrid approach, integrating deductive thematic analysis using the common sense model of self-regulation as a coding framework with inductive thematic analysis. The data materials comprised (1) interviews conducted by clinicians with siblings about the AN diagnosis, (2) siblings’ understanding of AN as expressed in sibling groups, (3) parents’ beliefs about what siblings understand expressed in parent groups, and (4) parent-sibling conversations about AN. Video and audio recordings of the data were transcribed and analysed. The sample comprised nine siblings of European descent, aged 8 to 15 years, and their parents. All siblings had a sister with clinically confirmed AN. Results The siblings had limited knowledge and expressed uncertainties about AN across the five themes identity (label and symptoms), causes, consequences, treatment, and timeline. In the inductive analysis, two additional themes were identified. The first, Parental perspectives on siblings’ understanding, had two sub-themes: AN as a confusing and complex disorder, and Discrepancy between siblings’ understanding of AN and parents’ beliefs about their understanding. The second theme was Barriers to communication about the diagnosis. Conclusions The results extend knowledge about informational support needs in siblings of adolescents with AN. Insights into what siblings and parents of adolescents with AN share about the diagnosis in different contexts can be used to guide the adaptation of interventions and policies.

• Prentice, Caitlin Mccombs; Aanesen, Anna; Syverstad, Amalie Kirkedelen; Vatne, Torun Marie & Fjermestad, Krister Westlye (2025). Communication quality between parents and siblings of children with chronic disorders. PEC Innovation. 7. doi: 10.1016/j.pecinn.2025.100419. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Objective This study examines parent-sibling communication during a manual-based group intervention (SIBS) that aims to improve communication quality and well-being for siblings of children with a chronic disorder diagnosis. Methods Audio recordings and transcripts of 20 parent-sibling conversations were analyzed using the manual-based tool Verona Coding Definition of Emotional Sequences (VR-CoDES). We measured siblings' negative expressions and parental responses, focusing on how parents applied the SIBS target behaviours of listening, exploring and validating responses. Results Siblings raised topics such as heritability of the chronic disorder, differential treatment, and instances of violence and temper tantrums. Siblings' negative expressions were 53 % cues (implicit expressions) and 47 % concerns (explicit expressions). Parents provided space in 74 % of the responses to cues and concerns, meaning they gave space for further disclosure. Within these responses, parents applied the SIBS target behaviours, including exploration (59 %), validation (33 %), and listening (8 %). Conclusion Parents mainly provided space and used a warm tone when responding to siblings in the SIBS sessions. Responses included a higher proportion of validation responses and a lower proportion of listening responses compared with previous studies. Innovation Parents and siblings of children with chronic disorders face unique challenges that can negatively impact the quality of parent-sibling communication and psychological adjustment in siblings. This study contributes new insight into how parents and siblings communicate in an intervention setting, and how characteristics of the intervention may influence the quality of this communication.

• Kirchhofer, Solveig Melanie; Fredriksen, Trude; Orm, Stian; Botta, Matteo; Zahl, Erica & Moreira, Hugo Cogo [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2025). Effectiveness of a group intervention to improve mental health in siblings of children with chronic disorders: a cluster randomized controlled trial. Journal of Pediatric Psychology. ISSN 0146-8693. 50(6), s. 443–453. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsaf021. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Objective: We evaluated the effectiveness of SIBS, a preventive intervention for siblings and parents of children with chronic disorders (CDs). Methods: This two-arm, unmasked cluster randomized controlled trial registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04056884), included 288 siblings (M age ¼ 10.4 years, SD ¼ 1.9) and parents of children with CDs (mainly neurodevelopmental disorders) randomly assigned to intervention (k ¼ 34, n ¼ 137) or waitlist control (k ¼ 35, n ¼ 151) groups. Eligible siblings were aged 8–16 years and had a sibling diagnosed with a CD. SIBS is manual-based and was delivered as five sessions over 2 weeks in primary care and hospital settings across Norway. Three sessions are separate for siblings and parents, and two are integrated sibling–parent dialogues. The primary outcome was sibling mental health, rated by siblings, parents, and teachers. The secondary outcome was parent–child communication, rated by siblings and parents. Analyses included intention-totreat (ITT) and complier average causal effects (CACE). Results: Although not statistically significant, at 3-month follow-up, the intervention group showed fewer mental health problems (ITT: siblingrated d ¼ −0.16, 95% CI [−0.49, 0.17]; parent-rated d ¼ −0.10, 95% CI [−0.48, 0.12]; teacher-rated d ¼ −0.18, 95% CI [−0.50, 0.29]) and higherquality parent–child communication (ITT: sibling-rated d ¼ 0.21, 95% CI [−0.10, 0.52]; parent-rated d ¼ 0.24, 95% CI [−0.07, 0.55]) compared to waitlist. Conclusions: The SIBS intervention demonstrated small, consistent positive effects on sibling mental health and parent–child communication. This suggests SIBS is a promising preventive program for siblings of children with CDs. Keywords: siblings, parents, intervention, prevention, randomized controlled trial.

• Fredriksen, Trude; Orm, Stian; Prentice, Caitlin Mccombs; Kirchhofer, Solveig Melanie; Zahl, Erica & Botta, Matteo [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2025). Disorder Type and Severity as Predictors of Mental Health in Siblings of Children with Chronic Disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. ISSN 0162-3257. doi: 10.1007/s10803-025-06771-6. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Siblings of children with chronic disorders are at risk of developing mental health problems. Studies are inconclusive about whether sibling mental health is best predicted by the specific diagnoses of the child with disorder or by transdiagnostic factors. The aims of the present study were (1) to examine if specific diagnoses predicted sibling mental health, and (2) to examine if disorder severity in the child with the chronic disorder predicted sibling mental health. Baseline data from a randomized controlled trial were used. Siblings (aged 8 – 16 years) of children with chronic disorders and their parents were recruited from eight municipality and hospital clinics (N = 288). The children with chronic disorders were placed in ICD-10 diagnostic categories based on combined parent report and clinical records. Regression analyses with the most frequent primary diagnoses (ADHD, Asperger syndrome, autism, down syndrome, rare disorders) and a measure of disorder severity as predictors of sibling mental health were run. Father-reported disorder severity predicted sibling-reported internalizing problems and father-reported internalizing and externalizing problems in siblings. Mother-reported disorder severity predicted mother-reported sibling internalizing problems. No single primary diagnosis predicted sibling internalizing or externalizing problems. Disorder severity does to an extent predict sibling mental health, whereas single diagnostic categories do not. Disorder severity may be used to identify siblings at risk and/or in need of interventions. Fathers should be included in assessment and health care for siblings as their reports seem to predict sibling mental health better than the mothers.

• Kirchhofer, Solveig Melanie; Orm, Stian; Briggs, Nancy E.; Fredriksen, Trude; Zahl, Erica & Prentice, Caitlin Mccombs [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2025). Siblings in families of children with chronic disorders: a model of risk and protective factors. Journal of Pediatric Psychology. ISSN 0146-8693. 50(6), s. 488–499. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsaf017. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Objective We empirically tested a family systems model’s ability to explain variance in psychosocial adjustment among siblings of children with chronic developmental and physical disorders (CDs). The model included the impact of CD severity, family social support, parental mental health, and parent–sibling communication quality. We hypothesized that family social support would moderate the relationship between CD severity and parent mental health, and that sibling-reported communication quality with their parents would mediate the relationship between parent mental health and sibling psychosocial adjustment. Methods We used baseline data from a sibling intervention trial (SIBS-RCT) comprising 288 families with siblings aged 8–16 years and their parents, recruited from health services and user organizations. Parents reported CD severity, parental mental health, and family social support. Siblings self-reported their psychosocial adjustment, including mental health, CD-related adjustment, quality of life, and prosocial behavior. We employed structural equation modeling to test the hypothesized relationships. Results Higher parent–sibling communication quality was significantly associated with better sibling-reported quality of life and more prosocial behavior. Lower levels of paternal depression were significantly associated with better sibling-reported quality of life and mental health, whereas maternal depression was not. We did not find support for the hypothesized mediating and moderating pathways for family social support and parent–sibling communication. Conclusions The findings highlight the importance of addressing paternal mental health and parent–sibling communication in promoting sibling psychosocial adjustment. Future studies should use comprehensive, multi-informant approaches and consider the complex interplay of family factors in the context of childhood CD.

• Prentice, Caitlin Mccombs; Fjermestad, Krister Westlye; Haukeland, Yngvild Bjartveit & Vatne, Torun Marie (2025). Psychosocial Functioning for Preschool-Aged Siblings of Children With Chronic Disorders: A Scoping Review. Child: Care, Health and Development. ISSN 0305-1862. 51(2). doi: 10.1111/cch.70039. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Zahl, Erica; Willemen, Agnes M.; Fredriksen, Trude; Kirchhofer, Solveig Melanie; Vatne, Torun Marie & Orm, Stian [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Mental health in mothers and fathers of children with chronic disorders. PEC Innovation. 5. doi: 10.1016/j.pecinn.2024.100331. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Objective This study applied the Family Systems Illness Model to examine how child disorder severity influences mental health in mothers and fathers of children with chronic (mainly developmental) disorders (CD). Methods We measured parental mental health and perceived child disorder severity among 204 mothers and 125 fathers of 220 children with CD and compared the mental health scores with norms. We analyzed how much of the variance in parental mental health was explained by child disorder severity, including discrepancy between maternally and paternally perceived severity. Results Compared to norms, we found elevated mental health problems in both mothers (d = 0.45) and fathers (d = 0.20) of children with CD. Mothers had higher scores than fathers on both mental health problems (d = 0.63) and severity (d = 0.43). Perceived disorder severity was similarly associated with mental health problems for mothers (β = 0.23) and fathers (β = 0.34). Discrepancy between maternal and paternal perceived disorder sever

• Zahl, Erica; Moreira, Hugo Cogo; Fredriksen, Trude; Kirchhofer, Solveig Melanie; Orm, Stian & Vatne, Torun Marie [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Mental health dynamics between mothers and siblings of children with disabilities. Frontiers in Psychology. 15. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1501343. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Introduction: When a child has a disability, their families face significant challenges that also impact parents' and siblings' mental health and adjustment. We examined the potential bidirectional relationships between parental mental health and sibling mental health and adjustment in families of children with a disability. Methods: We utilized baseline and 12-month follow-up data from a randomized controlled trial of a brief intervention designed to enhance parent-sibling communication in families of children with a disability. The sample comprised 214 siblings aged 8-16 years and their parents (N = 203 mothers, N = 124 fathers). We estimated bivariate latent change score models to examine the longitudinal cross-domain associations between changes in parental mental health and changes in sibling mental health, and changes in parental mental health and sibling adjustment. Results: The results showed that changes in maternal mental health and sibling adjustment over the 12-month period were correlated (r =

• Fredriksen, Trude; Vatne, Torun Marie; Haukeland, Yngvild Bjartveit; Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi; Wakefield, Claire E. & Fjermestad, Krister Westlye (2024). Evaluation of Siblings’ Perceived Relationship Outcomes with Their Parents in an Open Trial of the SIBS Intervention for Children with Chronic Disorders. Journal of Child and Family Studies. ISSN 1062-1024. 33. doi: 10.1007/s10826-024-02824-z. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The SIBS intervention aims to prevent mental health problems for siblings of children with chronic disorders and has shown promising results. The mechanisms behind these changes have not been examined. Parent-child relationship quality is a predictor of mental health in siblings. Our first objective was to investigate whether sibling-perceived relationship quality between siblings and parents changes over time after participating in SIBS. Second, as the intervention requires participation of only one parent, we examined with a dual scale (anxiety and avoidance attachment style) whether relationship quality was associated with which parent participated. Third, as SIBS aims to promote parents‘ communication skills, we examined whether sibling-perceived communication quality with parents predicted relationship quality over time. The sample comprised 99 siblings (M = 11.5 years, SD = 2.0; range 8–16; 54% girls, 46% boys) of children with chronic disorders and one parent per sibling (63% mothers). We administered the questionnaires at pre-intervention, at three- and 6-months postintervention. We applied growth curve models for relationship quality over time with communication quality as a predictor, controlling for parent gender. We found significant improvement in sibling-perceived relationship quality with the participating and the non-participating parent on the relationship anxiety scale over time, with small to medium effect sizes. Higher communication quality significantly predicted improvement of relationship quality in all four relationship outcomes. We conclude that change in relationship quality may be part of the positive outcomes of the SIBS intervention and is mainly explained by communication enhancement. Controlled trials of the SIBS intervention are indicated.

• Zahl, Erica; Dale, Sigurd Skjeggestad; Fjermestad, Krister Westlye & Vatne, Torun Marie (2024). Parenting a child with a disability: Fathers’ perceptions of the couple relationship. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships. ISSN 0265-4075. doi: 10.1177/02654075241248387. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Veerman, Linda K.M.; Orm, Stian; Fjermestad, Krister Westlye; Vatne, Torun Marie; Haukeland, Yngvild Bjartveit & Sterkenburg, Paula S. [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Measuring adjustment of siblings of children with disabilities: psychometric properties across translations, age groups and informants. International Journal of Developmental Disabilities (IJDD). ISSN 2047-3869. doi: 10.1080/20473869.2024.2411511. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Prentice, Caitlin Mccombs; Orm, Stian; Botta, Matteo; Vatne, Torun Marie; Fredriksen, Trude & Kirchhofer, Solveig Melanie [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Teacher-Rated Mental Health of Siblings of Children with Chronic Disorders. School Mental Health. ISSN 1866-2625. 16, s. 1183–1196. doi: 10.1007/s12310-024-09685-3. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Siblings of children with chronic disorders are at a heightened risk for internalizing and externalizing problems. Studies on sibling mental health typically use parent report, and sometimes sibling self-report, but do not include the perspectives of teachers. We investigated how teachers and parents in Norway rated sibling mental health to gain a more coherent picture of siblings’ well-being and functioning across the home and school contexts. We compared how siblings aged 8–16 years (45% boys, 54% girls) were scored on the strengths and difficulties questionnaire by teachers (n = 125), mothers (n = 115), and fathers (n = 81) with population norms and clinical cutoffs. For boys, the mean teacher scores did not indicate problems for total difficulties or any subscale except hyperactivity–inattention, but mean parent scores were higher for total difficulties and most subscales (d = .44 to .96). For girls, teachers indicated higher than norm scores for total difficulties, emotional problems, hyperactivity–inattention and peer problems (d = .26 to .46), while parents indicated higher total difficulties and problems across most subscales (d = .31 to .54). Prosocial behavior was as a relative strength of siblings across all raters. Siblings may not display the same level of mental health problems in school as at home, and teachers can offer an important perspective on siblings’ mental health and functioning.

• Schumann, Amalie; Vatne, Torun Marie & Fjermestad, Krister Westlye (2024). What challenges do siblings of children with chronic disorders express to their parents? A thematic analysis of 73 sibling-parent dialogues. Journal of Pediatric Nursing : Nursing Care of Children and Families. ISSN 0882-5963. 76, s. 91–98. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2024.01.032. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Fjermestad, Krister Westlye; Orm, Stian; Fredriksen, Trude; Haukeland, Yngvild Bjartveit & Vatne, Torun Marie (2024). Factor Structure of the Experiences in Close Relationships—Relationship Structures Scale (ECR-RS) in Siblings of Children with Chronic Disorders. Children. 11(5), s. 1–11. doi: 10.3390/children11050560. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Our objective was to examine the factor structure of the Experiences in Close Relationships-Relationships Structures (ECR-RS), an attachment-theory based relationship measure, in at-risk sample comprising siblings of children with chronic disorders. Psychometric studies with general populations have demonstrated that the ECR-RS comprises two factors, representing anxiety and avoidance in close relationships. The sample comprised 103 siblings (M age = 11.5 years, SD = 2.2, range 8 to 16 years) of children with chronic disorders and their parents. The siblings completed a 9-item version of the Experiences in Close Relationships-Relationships Structures (ECR-RS) about their relations with mothers and fathers that was analyzed with confirmatory factor analysis. We examined construct validity using correlations between sibling social functioning, measured with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, and parent mental health, measured with the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-90-Revised. The ECR-RS comprised two factors, anxiety and avoidance, in line with previous studies. Both factors demonstrated significant overlap with sibling social functioning, but not with parental mental health. We conclude that the ECR-RS comprises two factors, anxiety and avoidance, that are related to siblings' social functioning. The ECR-RS can be used as a psychometrically sound measure of relationship anxiety and avoidance in families of children with chronic disorders.

• Veerman, Linda K.M.; Fjermestad, Krister Westlye; Vatne, Torun Marie; Sterkenburg, Paula S.; Derks, Suzanne D.M. & Dijken, Anjet A.J. Brouwer-van [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Cultural applicability and desirability of ‘Broodles’: The first serious game intervention for siblings of children with disabilities. PEC Innovation. 4. doi: 10.1016/j.pecinn.2024.100277. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Vatne, Torun Marie; Skjeggestad, Sigurd; Haukeland, Yngvild Bjartveit & Fjermestad, Krister Westlye (2022). A Qualitative Study of Men’s Experience of Being a Father in Families with Childhood Disability. Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities. ISSN 1056-263X. doi: 10.1007/s10882-022-09847-8. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Haukeland, Yngvild Bjartveit; Vatne, Torun Marie; Mossige, Svein & Fjermestad, Krister Westlye (2022). Psychosocial functioning in siblings of children with rare disorders compared to controls. The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine. ISSN 0044-0086. 94(4), s. 537–544. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Haukeland, Yngvild Bjartveit; Fjermestad, Krister Westlye; Mossige, Svein & Vatne, Torun Marie (2021). Parent-child communication about emotions during SIBS: a joint intervention for siblings and parents of children with chronic disorders. Nordic Psychology. ISSN 1901-2276. s. 1–18. doi: 10.1080/19012276.2021.1986850. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Orm, Stian; Vatne, Torun Marie; Tomeny, Theodore S. & Fjermestad, Krister (2021). Empathy and Prosocial Behavior in Siblings of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review. Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. ISSN 2195-7177. doi: 10.1007/s40489-021-00251-0. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Siblings of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have, as a group, more autistic traits than typically developing individuals. A high prevalence of autistic traits may (or may not) include lower scores on measures of empathy and prosocial behavior, compared to individuals without ASD. The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review of studies of empathy and prosocial behavior in siblings of individuals with ASD. We conducted a comprehensive literature search of studies published until March 2020. We identified 16 studies with a total of 1066 siblings that met inclusion criteria. Based on this review, we conclude that the current literature suggests that siblings of individuals with ASD exhibit normative empathic abilities and prosocial behavior.

• Orm, Stian; Haukeland, Yngvild; Vatne, Torun Marie; Silverman, Wendy K. & Fjermestad, Krister (2021). Prosocial behavior is a relative strength in siblings of children with physical disabilities or autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities. ISSN 1056-263X. doi: 10.1007/s10882-021-09816-7. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Research on siblings of children with developmental and physical disabilities has emphasized negative influences on siblings’ mental health. Yet, such siblings may be more prosocial compared with siblings of children without disabilities, due to care responsibilities and their experiences with their brother’s or sister’s disability. We compared prosocial behavior between siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD; n = 47), physical disabilities (n = 42), and siblings of children without disabilities (n = 44) using a multi-informant approach (i.e., child-, mother-, and father-report). Prosocial behavior was measured with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Drawing on the theoretical and empirical sibling literature, we also examined whether siblings’ internalizing and externalizing difficulties, adjustment to the sibling situation, and communication with parents correlated with siblings’ prosocial behavior. Child-reported internalizing difficulties and mother–child communication significantly correlated with mother-reported prosocial behavior. Child-reported internalizing and externalizing difficulties significantly correlated with father-reported prosocial behavior. No significant correlates with child-reported prosocial behavior was identified. When adjusting for siblings’ internalizing and externalizing difficulties and mother–child communication, siblings of children with physical disabilities scored significantly higher than siblings of children without disabilities on mother- and father-reported prosocial behavior. Siblings of children with ASD scored significantly higher on mother-reported prosocial behavior. We conclude that prosocial behavior may be a relative strength in siblings of children with developmental and physical disabilities, and that siblings’ prosocial behavior may be influenced by type of disability, mental health, and family communication. Interventions targeting siblings’ mental health and family communication may be helpful in promoting siblings’ prosocial behavior.

• Fredriksen, Trude; Vatne, Torun Marie; Haukeland, Yngvild Bjartveit; Tudor, Megan & Fjermestad, Krister Westlye (2021). Siblings of children with chronic disorders: Family and relational factors as predictors of mental health. Journal of Child Health Care. ISSN 1367-4935. doi: 10.1177/13674935211052157. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Siblings of children with chronic disorders are at increased risk of mental health problems. Predictors of siblings' mental health require further study to identify children in need of interventions and to design effective intervention programs. Siblings of children with chronic disorders (n = 107; M age = 11.5 years; SD = 2.1, 54.6% girls) and their parents (n = 199; 50.3% mothers) were included in a survey study. Siblings and parents completed questionnaires on mental health. Siblings completed questionnaires on parent-child communication, relationships with parents, and an adjustment measure on the sibling situation. Multiple linear regression analyses were applied to identify predictors of siblings' mental health. Sibling-reported relationship with parents was a significant predictor of sibling mental health reported by siblings, fathers, and mothers (R2 = 0.26 - R2 = 0.46). Siblings' adjustment was significantly associated with fathers' report of siblings' mental health (r = .36), but not mothers' report (r = .17). Siblings' relationships (d = 0.26) and communication (d = 0.33) with mothers were significantly better than with fathers. We conclude that the sibling-parent relationship is a significant factor in identifying siblings at risk and that family-based intervention programs should be developed. Keywords: Siblings; chronic disease; fathers; mental health; mothers; multiple chronic conditions.

• Vatne, Torun Marie; Owren, Signe; Wold, Kristin Fjelnseth; Zahl, Erica & Fjermestad, Krister (2021). Youth and clinician evaluation of emotional communication in short-term counseling groups. Group Dynamics. ISSN 1089-2699. doi: 10.1037/gdn0000147. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Objectives: Group interventions are recommended to prevent psychological difficulties in siblings of children with a disability. However, emotional communication and support in such groups have not previously been described or evaluated. This article describes two studies to provide such knowledge. Methods: Study 1 examined communication patterns following expressions of negative emotions in counseling groups for siblings of children with a disability. We videotaped and transcribed communication patterns in 17 counseling group sessions for siblings of children with a disability aged 11–16 years. We applied content analysis to identify communication patterns following expressions of negative emotion(s). Study 2 examined youth- and clinician-evaluated supportiveness of the four most frequent patterns from Study 1. Reenacted video examples of the patterns were shown to 136 school pupils aged 11–16 years and 68 clinicians, who rated each pattern for supportiveness using visual analog scales. Results: In Study 1, the communication was found to be either child-centered or adult-centered. Frequent adult-centered communication patterns were interviewing, informing, or avoiding. Child-centered communication often followed a consenting pattern, in which other children expressed having similar experiences. The four patterns were all rated low to medium on support by youths and clinicians in Study 2. Youths found the avoiding pattern to be more supportive than clinicians, and girls and older youths differed from boys and younger youths in their evaluation of the consenting pattern. Conclusions: The results of the two studies highlight the importance of training group leaders in child-centered communication and the ability to facilitate communication patterns experienced as supportive by youths. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)

• Orm, Stian; Vatne, Torun Marie; Haukeland, Yngvild; Silverman, Wendy K. & Fjermestad, Krister (2021). The validity of a measure of adjustment in siblings of children with developmental and physical disabilities: a brief report. Developmental Neurorehabilitation. ISSN 1751-8423. 24(5), s. 355–358. doi: 10.1080/17518423.2020.1869338. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background: Few questionnaires are tailored for siblings of children with disabilities. The Negative Adjustment Scale (NAS) was developed to measure siblings’ adjustment, but has not yet been validated. Objective: To investigate the factor structure and convergent validity of the NAS. Method: We examined the validity of the NAS in terms of factor structure and convergent validity against a general mental health measure. The sample comprised 107 siblings (M age = 11.5 years, SD = 2.1, 53.8% boys) of children with disabilities. Results: We confirmed a one-factor structure for the NAS. Convergent validity was demonstrated through significant correlations (r=.29–.44) with sibling externalizing and internalizing mental health difficulties. Conclusion: The NAS holds promise as a measure tailored for the assessment of sibling’s adjustment.

• Orm, Stian; Haukeland, Yngvild Bjartveit; Vatne, Torun & Fjermestad, Krister (2021). Measuring family communication in pediatric nursing: Psychometric properties of the Parent-Child Communication Scale – Child Report (PCCS-CR). Journal of Pediatric Nursing : Nursing Care of Children and Families. ISSN 0882-5963. 62, s. 78–83. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2021.10.022. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Purpose: Communication quality is an essential indicator of family functioning and represents an important outcome after pediatric nursing interventions. However, few well-documented child-report questionnaires for family communication exist. We aimed to document the psychometric properties of a previously developed child-rated family communication scale for use in pediatric nursing. Design and Methods: We examined the Parent-Child Communication Scale – Child Report (PCCS-CR) in terms of factor structure, convergent validity against the Experiences in Close Relationships-Relationship Structures scale (ECR-RS), and discriminant validity between a sample of siblings of children with pediatric health conditions and controls. The sample comprised 101 siblings of children with a pediatric health condition and 44 controls (M age = 11.5 years, SD = 2.2). Results: We confirmed a two-factor structure of the PCCS-CR. One factor is communication from the child to the parent, labelled child communication (e.g., “I discuss problems with my parents”) and the other is communication from the parent to the child, labelled parent communication (e.g., “My parent is a good listener”). Convergent validity of the PCCS-CR was demonstrated through correlations with ECR-RS (r = -.73 to -.22, p ≤ .05). Further, construct validity through differences between families with and without a child with a pediatric health condition was demonstrated (g = .36-.83, p ≤ .052). Conclusion: The PCCS-CR appears to be a psychometrically sound measure of parent-child communication from the child’s point of view. Practical implications: The PCCS-CR can be administered in pediatric nursing care and can be used to target and measure the outcomes of interventions aimed at enhancing family functioning.

• Ålykkja, Anette; Ruud, Ellen; Larsen, Marie Hamilton; Vatne, Torun & Lie, Hanne Cathrine (2020). Available, but not always accessible: A nationwide, qualitative study of multidisciplinary healthcare providers’ experiences with follow-up care after paediatric brain tumour. European Journal of Cancer Care. ISSN 0961-5423. doi: 10.1111/ecc.13375. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Objective Paediatric brain tumour (PBT) survivors face high risks of disabling long‐term and late effects. Whether survivors’ needs are met in a system with publicly funded services, but in the absence of a formal long‐term follow‐up model, is uncertain. Empirically based recommendations for a national model are needed. We explored multidisciplinary healthcare providers’ (HCP) experiences with providing such care. Methods We conducted five focus‐group interviews and five individual interviews with a nationally representative sample of 33 Norwegian HCPs. Focus‐group interviews and individual interviews were analysed using systematic text condensation. Results Three main themes were identified: (a) ‘Providing care above and beyond system constraints’, describing a perceived discrepancy between HCPs’ knowledge of, and their ability to meet, the survivors’ needs. (b) ‘System barriers to providing optimal follow‐up care’, describing a perceived lack of routines for communication and coordination between the HCPs and existing care services. (c) ‘Nurses and shared‐care to improve care’, including empowering nurses and establishing routines for collaborations and areas of responsibilities. Conclusion The current healthcare system was perceived not to fully meet the survivors’ needs. Nurse‐led care models, including standardised patient‐care pathways, were suggested to increase the accessibility of already‐existing services and thus to improve long‐term follow‐up care.

• Haukeland, Yngvild; Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi; Fjermestad, Krister; Silverman, Wendy K.; Mossige, Svein & Vatne, Torun (2020). Evaluation of “SIBS”, An Intervention for Siblings and Parents of Children with Chronic Disorders. Journal of Child and Family Studies. ISSN 1062-1024. 29. doi: 10.1007/s10826-020-01737-x. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Siblings of children with chronic disorders are at increased risk of experiencing family communication problems and poorer mental health. We assessed initial feasibility, acceptability, and outcomes of SIBS; a manual-based group intervention for siblings and parents of children with chronic disorders, aiming to improve parent-sibling communication and sibling mental health. Ninety-nine siblings aged 8–16 years (M = 11.5 years, SD = 2.0; 54.5% girls) and parents (63.6% mothers) of children with chronic disorders participated in three separate group sessions for siblings and parents and two joint sessions with integrated sibling-parent dialogues. We assessed participant satisfaction post-intervention and checked for group leader manual adherence. We measured the following outcomes at baseline, three, and six months post-intervention in an open trial: (1) parent-sibling communication quality; (2) sibling emotional and behavioral problems; (3) sibling adaptation to the disorder; and (4) sibling disorder knowledge. Using growth curve modeling, we found significant improvement in parent-sibling communication quality (p = 0.001), emotional and behavioral problems (p = 0.009), adaptation to the disorder (p = 0.003), and disorder knowledge (p = 0.000) from baseline to follow-up (effect sizes d = 0.22 to 0.64). Improvement in sibling-reported emotional and behavioral problems and adaptation to the disorder was partly explained by communication quality. User satisfaction was high and manual adherence was good. Our evaluation yields support for the SIBS intervention, with initial evidence of acceptability, feasibility, and beneficial outcomes. Our study suggests targeting parent-sibling communication may be a beneficial way of improving siblings’ mental health.

• Fjermestad, Krister; Silverman, Wendy K. & Vatne, Torun (2020). Group intervention for siblings and parents of children with chronic disorders (SIBS-RCT): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 21(1), s. 851–851. doi: 10.1186/s13063-020-04781-6. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background Siblings and parents of children with neurodevelopmental disorders are at risk of mental health problems and poorer family communication. Some group interventions for siblings exist, but few have clearly described parent components and none are considered evidence-based. Methods We are conducting a randomized controlled trial comparing a five-session manual-based group intervention for siblings (aged 8 to 16 years) and parents of children with neurodevelopmental disorders to a 12-week waitlist, called SIBS-RCT. The intervention comprises three separate sibling and parent group sessions and two joint sessions in which each sibling talks to their parent alone. The intervention aims at improving parent-child communication and covers themes such as siblings’ understanding of the neurodevelopmental disorder, siblings’ emotions, and perceived family challenges. Participants are recruited through municipal and specialist health centers across Norway. The primary outcome is sibling mental health. Quality of life and family communication are secondary outcomes. Participants are block-randomized to the intervention or 12-week waitlist in groups of six. Measures are collected electronically at pre- and post-intervention/waitlist, as well as 3, 6, and 12 months post-intervention. The main effect to be examined is the difference between the intervention and waitlist at 12 weeks post. All outcomes will also be examined using growth curve analyses. We plan to include 288 siblings and their parents by the end of 2022. Discussion SIBS-RCT represents a major contribution to the research and practice field towards establishing an evidence-based intervention for siblings. In the event that intervention and waitlist are no different, the impact of SIBS-RCT is still substantial in that we will aim to identify participant subgroups that show positive response and effective components of the SIBS manual by examining group leader adherence as an outcome predictor. This will allow us to continue to re-engineer the SIBS manual iteratively to improve outcomes, and avoid the promotion of a less-than-optimal intervention. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04056884. Registered in August 2019

• Fjermestad, Krister; Pat, Puthy; Dearozet, Sok; Vatne, Torun; Hafting, Marit & Jegannathan, Bhoomikumar (2020). Manual-based group intervention for siblings and parents of children with neurodevelopmental disorders in Cambodia. Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities. ISSN 1056-263X. s. 1–18. doi: 10.1007/s10882-020-09777-3. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Siblings of children with neurodevelopmental disorders (ND) are at increased risk of mental health problems. The burden on families of children with ND is exacerbated in low-income countries with limited health services and dependency on informal care systems. Yet, there is little research on family impacts of ND in non-Western settings, and no evidence-based interventions for siblings. We examined initial outcomes and feasibility of a manual-based intervention for siblings and parents of children with ND, called SIBS, delivered in Cambodia. SIBS has promising evidence from an open trial in Norway. We delivered eight groups for 52 siblings (M age = 12.7 years, SD = 2.7; 44.0% female) and 56 caregivers (M age = 43.5 years, SD = 8.5; 61.1% mothers) of 54 children with ND at the only public child mental health clinic in Cambodia. We aimed to improve sibling and parent mental health and family communication. The SIBS intervention comprises three separate sibling/parent group sessions and two joint sibling-parent dialogue sessions. Parent-reported mental health scores for siblings were higher than sibling self-report. Parent mental health problems at baseline were high, with no difference between mothers and fathers. There was significant improvement in parent mental health and parent-rated mental health for siblings from baseline to 4-month post-intervention (effect sizes d = 0.44 to 0.52). There was no change in sibling-reported mental health or family communication. Sibling- and parent-rated user satisfaction was high. We conclude that the SIBS intervention showed promise in Cambodia. However, revision of the communication component is needed.

• Fjermestad, Krister; Haukeland, Yngvild; Mossige, Svein & Vatne, Torun (2019). Children’s Perspectives on the Experiences of Their Siblings with Chronic Disorders. Clinical social work journal. ISSN 0091-1674. s. 1–10. doi: 10.1007/s10615-019-00705-3. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Vatne, Torun Marie; Haukeland, Yngvild; Mossige, Svein & Fjermestad, Krister (2019). The development of a joint parent-child intervention for siblings of children with chronic disorders. Fokus på familien/ Nordisk tidsskrift for familie- og relasjonsarbeid. ISSN 0332-5415. 47(1), s. 20–35. doi: 10.18261/issn.0807-7487-2019-01-03. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Vatne, Torun Marie & Pedersen, Erica Zahl (2017). Emotional communication in support groups for siblings of children with disabilities. Patient Education and Counseling. ISSN 0738-3991. 100(11), s. 2106–2108. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2017.05.021. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Objective: Support groups are often arranged for siblings of children with disabilities to prevent psychological maladjustment. This study describes how children express emotions in support groups and how group leaders and other children respond. Method: Conversations in 17 group sessions for siblings aged 11 to 16 were coded with VR-CoDES to report frequency of emotional expressions and responses. Results: Children expressed negative emotion during group sessions (n = 235), 59% as cues and 41%concerns. The immediate response was in 98% of the instances from the group leader. 38% of the responses focused on emotion, cognition or behavior. Conclusion: Children express emotions, but seldom respond immediately to others’ emotional expressions in support groups. Group leaders should attend to emotion, cognition and behavior more frequently. Practice implications: Group leaders may better fulfill the support potential of support groups through explicitly stating the role of participants, and by exploring emotional aspects.

• Haukeland, Yngvild; Fjermestad, Krister; Mossige, Svein & Vatne, Torun Marie (2015). Emotional experiences among siblings of children with rare disorders. Journal of Pediatric Psychology. ISSN 0146-8693. 40(7), s. 712–720. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsv022. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Fjermestad, Krister; Vatne, Torun Marie & Gjone, Inger Helene (2015). Cognitive behavioral therapy for adolescents with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities. ISSN 2044-1282. 9(1), s. 30–39. doi: 10.1108/AMHID-05-2014-0017. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Vatne, Torun Marie; Helmen, Ingerid Østborg; Kanavin, Øivind J.; Nyhus, Livø & Bahr, David (2015). “She Came out of mum’s Tummy the Wrong way” (Mis) Conceptions Among Siblings of Children with Rare Disorders. Journal of Genetic Counseling. ISSN 1059-7700. 24(2), s. 247–258. doi: 10.1007/s10897-014-9757-9. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Haukeland, Yngvild; Fjermestad, Krister; Mossige, Svein & Vatne, Torun Marie (2014). Emotional Experiences among Siblings of Children with Rare Disorders. Journal of Pediatric Psychology. ISSN 0146-8693. 40(7), s. 712–720. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsv022. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Vatne, Torun Marie; Finset, Arnstein; Ørnes, Knut; Holmstrøm, Henrik; Cvancarova, Milada S. & Ruland, Cornelia (2013). Effects of an interactive symptom communication tool for children with heart disease on patientprovider communication in outpatient care: Preliminary results. Journal of Communication in Healthcare. ISSN 1753-8068. 6(2), s. 106–114. doi: 10.1179/1753807612Y.0000000020. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Vatne, Torun Marie; Ruland, Cornelia; Ørnes, Knut & Finset, Arnstein (2012). Children's Expressions of Negative Emotions and Adults' Responses During Routine Cardiac Consultations. Journal of Pediatric Psychology. ISSN 0146-8693. 37(2), s. 232–240. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsr074. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Vatne, Torun Marie; Slaughter, Laura & Ruland, Cornelia (2010). How Children with Cancer Communicate and Think about Symptoms. Journal of Pediatric Oncology Nursing. ISSN 1043-4542. 27(1), s. 24–52. doi: 10.1177/1043454209349358. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Vatne, Torun Marie; Finset, Arnstein; Ørnes, Knut & Ruland, Cornelia (2010). Application of the Verona Coding Definitions of Emotional Sequences (VR-CoDES) on a pediatric data set. Patient Education and Counseling. ISSN 0738-3991. 80(3), s. 399–404. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2010.06.026. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv

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• Nybakken, Gunn; Orm, Stian; Fredriksen, Trude; Skogli, Erik Winther; Kirchhofer, Solveig Melanie & Vatne, Torun Marie [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). The Impact of Children’s Co-Occurring Emotional and Behavioral Problems on Sibling and Parent Psychosocial Functioning. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was conducted to estimate subgroups of EBPs in a sample of 225 children with a developmental disorder. We identified 4 clinically meaningful subgroups of EBPs among children with developmental disorders. The profiles with high levels of disruptive behavior and social difficulties have a particularly negative impact on parent and sibling psychosocial functioning.

• Prentice, Caitlin Mccombs; Kirchhofer, Solveig Melanie; Vatne, Torun Marie & Fjermestad, Krister Westlye (2025). SIBS-RCT: Improving mental health for siblings of children with chronic disorders. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  SIBS-RCT: Improving mental health for siblings of children with chronic disorders Caitlin Prentice, Solveig M. Kirchhofer, Torun M. Vatne, Krister W. Fjermestad Background The educational inclusion of children with chronic disorders – such as developmental and physical disabilities – is a well-studied area. The siblings of these children, however, are less studied, particularly in relation to their educational experiences and outcomes. Siblings of children with chronic disorders have divergent, and often adverse, life experiences, and are known to be at risk for negative psychological effects including emotional and behavioural problems (Havill et al., 2019; Vermaes et al., 2012). Reduced psychological well-being, in turn, can affect siblings’ educational experiences, functioning, and outcomes (Gan et al., 2017). “SIBS”, short for “siblings”, is a therapeutic intervention programme for siblings and parents of children with chronic disorders which aims to improve the emotional and behavioural well-being of siblings and to improve communication between parents and siblings (Fjermestad et al., 2020). In this presentation, I report findings from an evaluation of this programme, the SIBS-RCT, with a particular focus on teacher perspectives on siblings’ well-being and functioning at school. Methods Participants were recruited from healthcare services that provide support to children with chronic disorders and their families across Norway. The SIBS intervention consists of five sessions, with separate and joint sibling and parent components. Data were collected via questionnaire at baseline and at 3, 6, and 12 months following the intervention, and included the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The SDQ is a measure of children’s behavioural and emotional functioning composed of 25 items organised into five subscales: emotional difficulties, conduct problems, hyperactivity and inattention, peer difficulties, and pro-social behaviour. Siblings’ parent-rated SDQ scores (n=288) were compared with controls using intention to treat (ITT) and complier average causal effects (CASE). A subsample of teacher reported SDQ scores (n=125) were compared with mother and father reported scores. Results The SIBS intervention was found to have a small positive effect on sibling mental health compared with the waitlist control group. Teachers rated siblings as having fewer problem behaviours on the SDQ than parents, both in a comparison with population norms and clinical cutoff levels. For boys, teachers rated only hyperactivity-inattention as higher than norms, while for girls, teacher scores were higher than norms for total difficulties, emotional problems, hyperactivity-inattention and peer problems. In contrast, mothers and fathers rated siblings as having higher levels of problems across almost every subscale of the SDQ. Prosocial behaviour was a relative strength of siblings across both teacher and parent ratings. Conclusions These findings suggest that siblings’ difficulties are less present in a school environment than at home, adding to an extant literature on children’s context specific behaviour (De Los Reyes & Kazdin, 2005), Our findings could also be partially the result of teachers being less able to spot “quieter” internalising problems than parents. Causes of the gender differences found in teacher-rated SDQ scores are unclear, but point towards potential differences in expectations for girl versus boy siblings in terms of care giving behaviours. References De Los Reyes, A., & Kazdin, A. E. (2005). Informant Discrepancies in the Assessment of Childhood Psychopathology: A Critical Review, Theoretical Framework, and Recommendations for Further Study. Psychological Bulletin, 131(4), 483–509. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.131.4.483 Fjermestad, K. W., Silverman, W. K., & Vatne, T. M. (2020). Group intervention for siblings and parents of children with chronic disorders (SIBS-RCT): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials, 21(1), 851. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-020-04781-6 Gan, L. L., Lum, A., Wakefield, C. E., Nandakumar, B., & Fardell, J. E. (2017). School Experiences of Siblings of Children with Chronic Illness: A Systematic Literature Review. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 33, 23–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PEDN.2016.11.007 Havill, N., Fleming, L. K., & Knafl, K. (2019). Well siblings of children with chronic illness: A synthesis research study. Research in Nursing & Health, 42(5), 334–348. https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.21978 Vermaes, I. P. R., van Susante, A. M. J., & van Bakel, H. J. A. (2012). Psychological Functioning of Siblings in Families of Children with Chronic Health Conditions: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 37(2), 166–184. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsr081

• Vatne, Torun Marie (2024). Søskenprosjektet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Vatne, Torun Marie & Haukeland, Yngvild Bjartveit (2024). Søskenprosjektet ved Frambu - en oppdatert rapport. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Fjermestad, Krister Westlye & Vatne, Torun Marie (2024). Learn key elements in the SIBS intervention for siblings and parents of children with chronic disorders. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Orm, Stian; Haukeland, Yngvild; Vatne, Torun Marie & Fjermestad, Krister Westlye (2022). Parent-Sibling Communication and Mental Health in Siblings of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Compared with Physical Disabilities. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Vatne, Torun Marie & Haukeland, Yngvild Bjartveit (2021). SIBS - et gruppetiltak for søsken som pårørende og foreldre -Resultater fra en åpen studie og foreløpige erfaringer fra RCT-studie og implementering. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Orm, Stian; Parken, Andrine Krogh; Haukeland, Yngvild; Mossige, Svein; Fjermestad, Krister & Vatne, Torun (2020). Siblings' Experience of Violence from Their Brother or Sister with a Neurodevelopmental Disorder. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Vatne, Torun Marie; Rønning, Ann-Helen & Nes, Ragnhild Bang (2020). Kommunepsykologer bør sørge for at kommunens tiltak er tilpasset søskens behov. Psykologi i kommunen (PIK). ISSN 1892-3364. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Fjermestad, Krister; Vatne, Torun & Orm, Stian (2020). Hva med søsken? SIBS - et prosjekt for søsken og foreldre til barn med autisme. 2020(1), s. 20–23. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Vatne, Torun & Rønning, Ann-Helen (2020). Kommunepsykologer bør sørge for at kommunens tiltak er tilpasset søskens behov. Psykologi i kommunen (PIK). ISSN 1892-3364. 6. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Vatne, Torun & Rønning, Ann-Helen (2020). Kommunepsykologer bør sørge for at kommunens tiltak er tilpasset søskens behov. Psykologi i kommunen (PIK). ISSN 1892-3364. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Ålykkja, Anette; Ruud, Ellen; Larsen, Marie Hamilton; Vatne, Torun Marie & Lie, Hanne Cathrine (2019). Available, but not always accessible: A nationwide, qualitative study of multidisciplinary healthcare providers' experiences with follow-up care after paediatric brain tumour. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Vatne, Torun Marie (2017). Hvordan støtte foreldre til barn med livsforkortende sykdom? :. 137(11), s. 810–812. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.17.0023. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Ruland, Cornelia; Finset, Arnstein; Thorvildsen, Anne B.; Kristiansen, Jørn Dehli & Vatne, Torun Marie (2010). SISOM: ELECTRONIC SUPPORT TO IMPROVE COMMUNICATION AND PATIENT-CENTERED CARE FOR CHILDREN WITH CANCER. Pediatric Blood & Cancer. ISSN 1545-5009. 55(5), s. 777–777. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Ruland, Cornelia; Finset, Arnstein; Thorvildsen, A; Kristiansen, J & Vatne, Torun Marie (2009). EFFECTS OF AN INTERACTIVE ASSESSMENT AND COMMUNICATION TOOL FOR CHILDREN WITH CANCER ON PATIENT-PROVIDER COMMUNICATION AND PATIENT CARE: A PILOT STUDY. Pediatric Blood & Cancer. ISSN 1545-5009. 53(5), s. 864–864. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv

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