Karin C. Lødrup Carlsen

• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Rehbinder, Eva Maria; Skjerven, Håvard Ove; Carlsen, Monica Hauger; Fatnes, Thea Aspelund; Fugeli, Pål; Granum, Berit; Haugen, Guttorm; Hedlin, Gunilla; Landrø, Lars Arne; Jonasson, C; Lunde, Jon; Marsland, Bruce; Nordhagen, Live Solveig; Sjøborg, Katrine Dønvold; Söderhäll, Cilla; Staff, Anne Cathrine; Vettukattil, Muhammad Riyas & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2018). Preventing Atopic Dermatitis and ALLergies in Children-the PreventADALL study.. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538. . doi: 10.1111/all.13468
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Skjerven, Håvard Ove & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2018). The toxicity of E-cigarettes and children's respiratory health. Paediatric Respiratory Reviews.  ISSN 1526-0550.  In Press, Corrected Proof, s 1- 5 . doi: 10.1016/j.prrv.2018.01.002
• Impinen, Antti; Nygaard, Unni Cecilie; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Mowinckel, Petter; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Haug, Line Småstuen & Granum, Berit (2018). Prenatal exposure to perfluoralkyl substances (PFASs) associated with respiratory tract infections but not allergy- and asthma-related health outcomes in childhood. Environmental Research.  ISSN 0013-9351.  160, s 518- 523 . doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.10.012
• Liu, Norrice M.; van Aalderen, Wim M.C.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Coleman, Courtney; Chalmers, James; Cunningham, Steve; Fernandes, Ricardo; Fleming, Louise J.; Gappa, Monika; Karadag, Bülent; Midulla, Fabio; Pijnenburg, Marielle W.; Rutjes, Niels W.; Rusconi, Franca & Grigg, Jonathan (2018). Severe paediatric asthma collaborative in Europe (SPACE): Protocol for a european registry. Breathe.  ISSN 1810-6838.  14(2), s 93- 98 . doi: 10.1183/20734735.002018 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Reier-Nilsen, Tonje; Michelsen, Merethe Melbye; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Mowinckel, Petter; Nygaard, Unni Cecilie; Namork, Ellen; Borres, Magnus P. & Håland, Geir (2018). Predicting reactivity threshold in children with anaphylaxis to peanut. Clinical and Experimental Allergy.  ISSN 0954-7894.  48(4), s 415- 423 . doi: 10.1111/cea.13078
• Xu, Cheng-Jian; Söderhäll, Cilla; Bustamante, Mariona; Baïz, Nour; Gruzieva, Olena; Gehring, Ulrike; Mason, Dan; Chatzi, Leda; Basterrechea, Mikel; Llop, Sabrina; Torrent, Maties; Forastiere, Francesco; Fantini, Maria Pia; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Haahtela, Tari; Morin, Andréanne; Kerkhof, Marjan; Merid, Simon Kebede; van Rijkom, Bianca; Jankipersadsing, Soesma A.; Bonder, Marc Jan; Ballereau, Stephane; Vermeulen, Cornelis J.; Aguirre-Gamboa, Raul; De Jongste, Johan C.; Smit, Henriëtte A.; Kumar, Ashish; Pershagen, Göran; Guerra, Stefano; Garcia-Aymerich, Judith; Greco, Dario; Reinius, Lovisa; McEachan, Rosemary R.C.; Azad, Raf; Hovland, Vegard; Mowinckel, Petter; Alenius, Harri; Fyhrquist, Nanna; Lemonnier, Nathanael; Pellet, Johann; Auffray, Charles; van der Vlies, Pieter; van Diemen, Cleo C.; Li, Yang; Wijmenga, Cisca; Netea, Mihai G.; Moffatt, Miriam F.; Cookson, William O.C.M; Anto, Josep M.; Bousquet, Jean; Laatikainen, Tiina; Laprise, Catherine; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Gori, Davide; Porta, Daniela; Iñiguez, Carmen; Bilbao, Jose Ramon; Kogevinas, Manolis; Wright, John; Brunekreef, Bert; Kere, Juha; Nawijn, Martijn C.; Annesi-Maesano, Isabella; Sunyer, Jordi; Melén, Erik & Koppelman, Gerard H. (2018). DNA methylation in childhood asthma: an epigenome-wide meta-analysis. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine.  ISSN 2213-2600.  6(5), s 379- 388 . doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(18)30052-3
• Anto, Josep M.; Bousquet, Jean; Akdis, Mubeccel; Auffray, Charles; Keil, Thomas; Momas, Isabelle; Postma, Dirkje S.; Valenta, Rudolf; Wickman, Magnus; Cambon-Thomsen, Anne; Haahtela, Tari; Lambrecht, Bart N.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Koppelman, Gerard H.; Sunyer, Jordi; Zuberbier, Torsten; Annesi-Maesano, Isabelle; Arno, Albert; Bindslev-Jensen, Carsten; De Carlo, Giuseppe; Forastiere, Francesco; Heinrich, Joachim; Kowalski, Marek L.; Maier, Dieter; Melén, Erik; Smit, Henriette A.; Standl, Marie; Wright, John; Asarnoj, Anna; Benet, Marta; Ballardini, Natalia; Garcia-Aymerich, Judith; Gehring, Ulrike; Guerra, Stefano; Hohmann, Cynthia; Kull, Inger; Lupinek, Christian; Pinart, Mariona; Skrindo, Ingebjørg; Westman, Marit; Smagghe, Delphine; Akdis, Cezmi; Andersson, Niklas; Bachert, Claus; Ballereau, Stephane; Ballester, Ferran; Basagana, Xavier; Bedbrook, Anna; Bergström, Anna; von Berg, Andrea; Brunekreef, Bert; Burte, Emilie; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Chatzi, Leda; Coquet, Jonathan M.; Curin, Mirela; Demoly, Pascal; Eller, Esben; Fantini, Maria Pia; von Hertzen, Leena; Hovland, Vegard; Jacquemin, Benedicte; Just, Jocelyne; Keller, Theresa; Kiss, Renata; Kogevinas, Manolis; Koletzko, Sibylle; Lau, Susanne; Lehmann, Irina; Lemonnier, Nicolas; Mäkelä, Mika; Mestres, Jordi; Mowinckel, Petter; Nadif, Rachel; Nawijn, Martijn C.; Pellet, Johan; Pin, Isabelle; Porta, Daniela; Ranciere, Fanny; Rial-Sebbag, Emmanuelle; Saeys, Yvan; Schuijs, Martijn J.; Siroux, Valerie; Tischer, Christina G.; Torrent, Mathies; Varraso, Raphaelle; Wenzel, Kalus & Xu, Cheng-Jian (2017). Mechanisms of the Development of Allergy (MeDALL): Introducing novel concepts in allergy phenotypes. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0091-6749.  139(2), s 388- 399 . doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.12.940
• Berents, Teresa Løvold; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Mowinckel, Petter; Skjerven, Håvard Ove; Rolfsjord, Leif Bjarte; Nordhagen, Live Solveig; Kvenshagen, Bente; Hunderi, Jon Olav; Bradley, Maria; Thorsby, Per Medbøe; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Gjersvik, Petter (2017). Weight-for-length, early weight-gain velocity and atopic dermatitis in infancy and at two years of age: A cohort study. BMC Pediatrics.  ISSN 1471-2431.  17:141, s 1- 8 . doi: 10.1186/s12887-017-0889-6 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Overweight and atopic dermatitis (AD) are major health problems in most industrialised countries, but the relationship between overweight and AD in infants and young children is unclear. We investigated if weight-for-length at birth, in infancy and at two years, as well as early weight-gain velocity, are associated with the development of AD in early life. Methods Cohort study of infants (n = 642), all living in south-east Norway, hospitalized with acute bronchiolitis (n = 404) or recruited from the general population (n = 238), examined at mean age 5.1 months (enrolment) and at a two-year follow-up visit (n = 499; 78%) at mean age 24.6 months. Exposures were weight-for-length (g/cm) at birth, enrolment and two-year follow-up, and early weight-gain velocity (gram/month from birth to enrolment). Excessive weight-for-length was defined as weight-for-length >95th percentile of WHO child-growth standards. Data on weight-for-length at the three time points were obtained for 435, 428 and 473 children. AD was diagnosed according to the Hanifin & Rajka criteria or from a history of physician-diagnosed AD. We performed multivariate analyses with weight-for-length at birth, at enrolment and at the two-year follow-up visit and with early weight gain velocity for the endpoint AD at each visit. Results In adjusted analyses, excessive weight-for-length at enrolment was associated with concurrent AD (OR 3.03; 95% CI 1.23–7.50) and with AD at two years (OR 2.40; 1.11–5.17). In infants without AD, weight-for-length at enrolment increased the risk of AD at two years, with OR being 1.02 (95% CI 1.00–1.04) per increased gram/cm. AD at two years was not associated with concurrent excessive weight-for-length, nor was AD at any time associated with weight-for-length at birth or with early weight-gain velocity. Conclusions The results suggest that overweight in infancy may contribute to the development of AD in early life, highlighting the need for child health-care professionals to address potential overweight and atopic disease when advising infants’ caregivers.

• Lindvik, Helene; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Mowinckel, Petter; Navaratnam, Jesintha; Borres, Magnus P. & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2017). Conjunctival provocation test in diagnosis of peanut allergy in children. Clinical and Experimental Allergy.  ISSN 0954-7894.  47(6), s 785- 794 . doi: 10.1111/cea.12899
• Rolfsjord, Leif Bjarte; Bakkeheim, Egil; Berents, Teresa Løvold; Alm, Johan; Skjerven, Håvard Ove; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Mowinckel, Petter; Sjöbeck, Ann-Christine & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2017). Morning salivary cortisol in young children: reference values and the effects of age, sex, and acute bronchiolitis. Journal of Pediatrics.  ISSN 0022-3476.  184, s 193- 198.e3 . doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.01.064
• Berents, Teresa Løvold; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Mowinckel, Petter; Sandvik, Leiv; Skjerven, Håvard Ove; Rolfsjord, Leif Bjarte; Kvenshagen, Bente; Hunderi, Jon Olav; Bradley, Maria A.; Liedén, Agne; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Thorsby, Per Medbøe & Gjersvik, Petter (2016). Vitamin D levels and atopic eczema in infancy and early childhood in Norway: a cohort study. British Journal of Dermatology.  ISSN 0007-0963.  175(1), s 95- 101 . doi: 10.1111/bjd.14537
• Berents, Teresa Løvold; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Mowinckel, Petter; Skjerven, Håvard Ove; Rolfsjord, Leif Bjarte; Bradley, Maria; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Gjersvik, Petter (2016). Transepidermal water loss in infancy associated with atopic eczema at 2 years: a population-based cohort study. British Journal of Dermatology.  ISSN 0007-0963.  177(3), s e35- e37 . doi: 10.1111/bjd.15157 Vis sammendrag

  Skin barrier function can be evaluated by measuring transepidermal water loss (TEWL).1,2 High TEWL is found in children with atopic eczema (AE)3 and in infants with a mutation in the gene encoding for profilaggrin,4 a precursor for filaggrin, an important protein for skin barrier function. In a recent study by Kelleher et al5, high TEWL at 2 days and 2 months preceded and predicted AE at 1 year, independent of parental atopy and filaggrin mutation status.

• Bousquet, Jean; Anto, JM; Akdis, M; Auffray, C; Keil, T; Momas, I; Postma, DS; Valenta, R; Wickman, M; Cambon-Thomsen, A; Haahtela, T; Lambrecht, BN; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Koppelman, GH; Sunyer, J; Zuberbier, T; Annesi-Maesano, I; Arno, A; Bindslev-Jensen, C; De Carlo, G; Forastiere, F; Heinrich, J; Kowalski, ML; Maier, D; Melen, E; Palkonen, S; Smit, HA; Standl, M; Wright, J; Asarnoj, A; Benet, M; Ballardini, N; Garcia-Aymerich, J; Gehring, U; Guerra, S; Hohman, C; Kull, I; Lupinek, C; Pinart, M; Skrindo, Ingebjørg; Westman, M; Smagghe, D; Akdis, C; Albang, R; Anastasova, V; Anderson, N; Bachert, C; Ballereau, S; Ballester, F; Basagana, X; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Hovland, Vegard & Mowinckel, Petter (2016). Paving the way of systems biology and precision medicine in allergic diseases: the MeDALL success story: Mechanisms of the Development of ALLergy; EU FP7-CP-IP; Project No: 261357; 2010–2015. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538.  71(11), s 1513- 1525 . doi: 10.1111/all.12880
• Bousquet, Jean; Barbara, Cristina; Bateman, Eric; Bel, Elisabeth; Bewick, Mike; Chavannes, Niels H.; Cruz, Alvaro A.; Haahtela, Tari; Hellings, Peter W.; Khaltaev, Nikolai; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Muraro, Antonella; Cordeiro, Carlos Robalo; Rosado-Pinto, Jose; Samolinski, Boleslaw; Strandberg, Timo; Valiulis, Arunas; Yorgancioglu, Arzu & Zuberbier, Torsten (2016). AIRWAYS-ICPs (European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing) from concept to implementation. European Respiratory Journal.  ISSN 0903-1936.  47(4), s 1028- 1033 . doi: 10.1183/13993003.01856-2015
• Bousquet, Jean; Bewick, M; Cano, A; Eklund, P; Fico, G; Goswami, N; Guldemond, NA; Henderson, D; Hinkema, MJ; Liotta, G; Mair, A; Molloy, W; Monaco, A; Monsonis-Paya, I; Nizinska, A; Papadopoulos, H; Pavlickova, A; Pecorelli, S; Prados-Torres, A; Roller-Wirnsberger, RE; Somekh, D; Vera-Munoz, C; Visser, F; Farrell, J; Malva, J; Andersen Ranberg, K; Camuzat, T; Carriazo, AM; Crooks, G; Gutter, Z; Iaccarino, G; de Keenoy, E Manuel; Moda, G; Rodriguez-Manas, L; Vontetsianos, T; Abreu, C; Alonso, J; Alonso-Bouzon, C; Ankri, J; Arredondo, MT; Avolio, F; Bedbrook, A; Bialoszewski, AZ; Blain, H; Bourret, R; Cabrera-Umpierrez, MF; Catala, A; O'Caoimh, R; Cesari, M; Chavannes, NH; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Skrindo, Ingebjørg (2016). Building bridges for innovation in ageing: Synergies between Action Groups of the EIP on AHA. The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging.  ISSN 1279-7707.  21(1), s 92- 104 . doi: 10.1007/s12603-016-0803-1
• Bousquet, Jean; Farrell, J; Crooks, G; Hellings, P; Bel, EH; Bewick, M; Chavannes, NH; De Sousa, J Correia; Cruz, AA; Haahtela, T; Joos, G; Khaltaev, N; Malva, J; Muraro, A; Nogues, M; Palkonen, S; Pedersen, S; Robalo-Cordeiro, C; Samolinski, B; Strandberg, T; Valiulis, A; Yorgancioglu, A; Zuberbier, T; Bedbrook, A; Aberer, W; Adachi, M; Agusti, A; Akdis, CA; Akdis, M; Ankri, J; Alonso, A; Annesi-Maesano, I; Ansotegui, IJ; Anto, JM; Arnavielhe, S; Arshad, H; Bai, C; Baiardini, I; Bachert, C; Baigenzhin, AK; Barbara, C; Bateman, ED; Beghe, B; Kheder, A Ben; Bennoor, KS; Benson, M; Bergmann, KC; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup & Skrindo, Ingebjørg (2016). Scaling up strategies of the chronic respiratory disease programme of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing (Action Plan B3: Area 5). Clinical and Translational Allergy.  ISSN 2045-7022.  6:29, s 1- 18 . doi: 10.1186/s13601-016-0116-9
• Bousquet, Jean; Hellings, PW; Agache, I; Bedbrook, A; Bachert, C; Bergmann, KC; Bewick, M; Bindslev-Jensen, C; Bosnic-Anticevitch, S; Bucca, C; Caimmi, DP; Camargos, PAM; Canonica, GW; Casale, T; Chavannes, NH; Cruz, AA; De Carlo, G; Dahl, R; Demoly, P; Devillier, P; Fonseca, J; Fokkens, WJ; Guldemond, NA; Haahtela, T; Illario, M; Just, J; Keil, T; Klimek, L; Kuna, P; Larenas-Linnemann, D; Morais-Almeida, M; Mullol, J; Murray, R; Naclerio, R; O'Hehir, RE; Papadopoulos, NG; Pawankar, R; Potter, P; Ryan, D; Samolinski, B; Schunemann, HJ; Sheikh, A; Simons, FER; Stellato, C; Todo-Bom, A; Tomazic, PV; Valiulis, A; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup & Skrindo, Ingebjørg (2016). ARIA 2016: Care pathways implementing emerging technologies for predictive medicine in rhinitis and asthma across the life cycle. Clinical and Translational Allergy.  ISSN 2045-7022.  6:47, s 1- 14 . doi: 10.1186/s13601-016-0137-4
• Bousquet, Jean; Schünemann, Holger J.; Hellings, Peter W.; Arnavielhe, Sylvie; Bachert, Claus; Bedbrook, Anna; Bergmann, Karl-Christian; Bosnic-Anticevich, Sinthia; Brozek, Jan; Calderon, Moises; Canónica, Giorgio Walter; Casale, Thomas B.; Chavannes, Niels H.; Cox, Linda; Chrystyn, Henry; Cruz, Alvaro A.; Dahl, Ronald; De Carlo, Giuseppe; Demoly, Pascal; Devillier, Phillipe; Dray, Gérard; Fletcher, Monica; Fokkens, Wytske J; Fonseca, Joao; Gonzalez-Diaz, Sandra N.; Grouse, Lawrence; Keil, Thomas; Kuna, Piotr; Larenas-Linnemann, Désirée; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Meltzer, Eli O.; Mullol, Jaoquim; Muraro, Antonella; Naclerio, Robert N.; Palkonen, Susanna; Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G.; Passalacqua, Giovanni; Price, David; Ryan, Dermot; Samolinski, Boleslaw; Scadding, Glenis K.; Sheikh, Aziz; Spertini, François; Valiulis, Arunas; Valovirta, Erkka; Walker, Samantha; Wickman, Magnus; Yorgancioglu, Arzu; Haahtela, Tari & Zuberbier, Torsten (2016). MACVIA clinical decision algorithm in adolescents and adults with allergic rhinitis. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0091-6749.  138(2), s 367- 374.e2 . doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.03.025
• Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2016). Asthma and the Olympians. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0091-6749.  s 409- 410 . doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.05.025
• Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2016). Elektroniske sigaretter. Fagbladet Allergi i praksis.  ISSN 0806-5462.  3, s 34- 39
• Gervin, Kristina; Kulle, Bettina; Hjorthaug, Hanne Sagsveen; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Undlien, Dag Erik; Lyle, Robert & Munthe-Kaas, Monica Cheng (2016). Intra-individual changes in DNA methylation not mediated by cell-type composition are correlated with aging during childhood. Clinical Epigenetics.  ISSN 1868-7075.  8:110, s 1- 12 . doi: 10.1186/s13148-016-0277-3
• Rolfsjord, Leif Bjarte; Skjerven, Håvard Ove; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Mowinckel, Petter; Bains, Karen-Eline Stensby; Bakkeheim, Egil & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2016). The severity of acute bronchiolitis in infants was associated with quality of life nine months later. Acta Paediatrica.  ISSN 0803-5253.  105(7), s 834- 841 . doi: 10.1111/apa.13396 Vis sammendrag

  Aim Acute bronchiolitis in infancy increases the risk of later asthma and reduced health-related quality of life (QoL). We aimed to see whether the severity of acute bronchiolitis in the first year of life was associated with QoL nine months later. Methods The parents of 209 of 404 of children hospitalised for acute bronchiolitis in eight paediatric departments in south-east Norway at a mean four months of age (range 0–12 months) completed the Infant/Toddler Quality of Life Questionnaire sent by mail nine months after the acute illness. Disease severity was measured by length of stay and the need for supportive treatment. Interactions with gender, inclusion age, prematurity, maternal ethnicity and maternal education were examined. Results Reduced QoL in four domains was associated with increased length of stay and need for ventilatory support. Physical abilities and general health were associated with both severity markers, whereas bodily pain and discomfort and change in health were associated with length of stay. Ventilatory support was more negatively associated with QoL than atopic eczema and also associated with reduced parental emotions and parental time. Conclusion The severity of acute bronchiolitis in infants was associated with reduced QoL nine months later.

• Siroux, Valérie; Lupinek, Christian; Resch, Yvonne; Curin, Mirela; Just, Jocelyne; Keil, Thomas; Kiss, Renata; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Melén, Erik; Nadif, Rachel; Pin, Isabelle; Skrindo, Ingebjørg; Vrtala, Susanne; Wickman, Magnus; Antó, Jósep Maria; Valenta, Rudolf & Bousquet, Jean (2016). Specific IgE and IgG measured by the MeDALL allergen-chip depend on allergen and route of exposure: The EGEA study. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0091-6749.  139(2), s 643- 654.e6 . doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.05.023
• Skjerven, Håvard Ove; Megremis, S; Papadopoulos, NG; Mowinckel, Petter; Carlsen, Kai-Hakon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2016). Virus Type and genomic Load in Acute Bronchiolitis: Severity and Treatment Response With Inhaled Adrenaline. Journal of Infectious Diseases.  ISSN 0022-1899.  213(6), s 915- 921 . doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiv513
• Westergren, Thomas; Berntsen, Sveinung; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Mowinckel, Petter; Håland, Geir; Fegran, Liv & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2016). Perceived exercise limitation in asthma: the role of disease severity, overweight and physical activity in children. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology.  ISSN 0905-6157.  28(1), s 86- 92 . doi: 10.1111/pai.12670 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Berents, Teresa Løvold; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Mowinckel, Petter; Skjerven, Håvard Ove; Kvenshagen, Bente; Rolfsjord, Leif Bjarte; Bradley, Maria; Lieden, Agne; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Gaustad, Peter & Gjersvik, Petter (2015). Skin barrier function and Staphylococcus aureus colonization in vestibulum nasi and fauces in healthy infants and infants with eczema: A population-based cohort study. PLoS ONE.  ISSN 1932-6203.  10(6) . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130145 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Bousquet, Jean; Anto, JM; Wickman, M; Keil, T; Valenta, R; Haahtela, T; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Van Hage, M; Akdis, C; Bachert, C; Akdis, M; Auffray, C; Annesi-Maesano, I; Bindslev-Jensen, C; Cambon-Thomsen, A; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Chatzi, L; Forastiere, F; Garcia-Aymerich, J; Gehrig, U; Guerra, S; Heinrich, J; Koppelman, GH; Kowalski, ML; Lambrecht, B; Lupinek, C; Maier, D; Melen, E; Momas, I; Palkonen, S; Pinart, M; Postma, D; Siroux, V; Smit, HA; Sunyer, J; Wright, J; Zuberbier, T; Arshad, SH; Nadif, R; Thijs, C; Andersson, N; Asarnoj, A; Ballardini, N; Ballereau, S; Bedbrook, A; Benet, M; Bergstrom, A; Brunekreef, B; Burte, E; Calderon, M; De Carlo, G; Demoly, P; Eller, E; Fantini, MP; Hammad, H; Hohman, C; Just, J; Kerkhof, M; Kogevinas, M; Kull, I; Lau, S; Lemonnier, N; Mommers, M; Nawijn, M; Neubauer, A; Oddie, S; Pellet, J; Pin, I; Porta, D; Saes, Y; Skrindo, I; Tischer, CG; Torrent, M & Von Hertzen, L (2015). Are allergic multimorbidities and IgE polysensitization associated with the persistence or re-occurrence of foetal type 2 signalling? the MeDALL hypothesis. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538.  70(9), s 1062- 1078 . doi: 10.1111/all.12637
• Bousquet, Jean; Antó, Jósep Maria; Berkouk, Karim; Gergen, Peter J.; Antunes, João Pinto; Augé, Philippe; Camuzat, Thierry; Bringer, Jacques; Mercier, Jacques; Best, Nicolas; Bourret, Rodolphe; Akdiş, Mübelle; Arshad, Syed Hasan; Bedbrook, Anna; Berr, Claudine; Bush, Andrew J.; Cavalli, Giacomo; Charles, Marie-Aline; Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise; Gillman, Matthew W.; Gold, Diane R.; Goldberg, Marcel; Holloway, John W.; Iozzo, Patricia; Jacquemin, Sylvain; Jeandel, Claude; Kauffmann, Francine; Keil, Thomas Oskar Philipp; Koppelman, Gerard H.; Krauss-Etschmann, Susanne; Kuh, Diana; Lehmann, Sarah; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Maier, Dieter; Méchali, Marcel; Melén, Erik; Moatti, Jean-Paul; Momas, Isabelle; Nérin, Philippe; Postma, Dirkje Sjoukje; Ritchie, Karen; Robine, Jean Marie; Samołiński, Bolesław K.; Siroux, Valérie; Slagboom, P. Eline; Smit, Henriëtte A.; Sunyer, Jordi; Valenta, Rudolf; Van De Perre, Philippe; Verdier, Jean Michel; Vrijheid, Martine; Wickman, Magnus; Yiallouros, Panayiotis K. & Zins, Marie (2015). Developmental determinants in non-communicable chronic diseases and ageing. Thorax.  ISSN 0040-6376. . doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2014-206304
• Bousquet, Jean; Schunemann, HJ; Fonseca, J; Samolinski, B; Bachert, C; Canonica, GW; Casale, T; Cruz, AA; Demoly, P; Hellings, P; Valiulis, A; Wickman, M; Zuberbier, Torsten; Bosnic-Anticevitch, S; Bedbrook, A; Bergmann, Karl Christian; Caimmi, D; Dahl, R; Fokkens, WJ; Grisle, I; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Mullol, J; Muraro, A; Palkonen, S; Papadopoulos, N; Passalacqua, G; Ryan, D; Valovirta, E; Yorgancioglu, A; Aberer, W; Agache, I; Adachi, M; Akdis, CA; Akdis, M; Annesi-Maesano, I; Ansotegui, IJ; Anto, JM; Arnavielhe, S; Arshad, H; Baiardini, I; Baigenzhin, AK; Barbara, C; Bateman, ED; Beghe, B; Bel, EH; Ben Kheder, A; Bennoor, KS; Benson, M; Bewick, M; Bieber, T; Bindslev-Jensen, C; Bjermer, L; Blain, H; Boner, AL; Boulet, LP; Bonini, M; Bonini, S; Bosse, I; Bourret, R; Bousquet, PJ; Braido, F; Briggs, AH; Brightling, CE; Brozek, J; Buhl, R; Burney, PG; Bush, A; Caballero-Fonseca, F; Calderon, MA; Camargos, PAM; Camuzat, T; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Carr, W; Cepeda Sarabia, AM; Chavannes, NH; Chatzi, L; Chen, YZ; Chiron, R; Chkhartishvili, E; Chuchalin, AG; Ciprandi, G; Cirule, I; Correia De Sousa, J; Cox, L; Crooks, G; Costa, DJ; Custovic, A; Dahlen, SE; Darsow, U; De Carlo, G; De Blay, F; Dedeu, T; Deleanu, D; Denburg, JA; Devillier, P; Didier, A; Dinh-Xuan, AT; Dokic, D; Douagui, H; Dray, G; Dubakiene, R; Durham, SR; Dykewicz, MS; El-Gamal, Y; Emuzyte, R; Fink Wagner, A; Fletcher, M; Fiocchi, A; Forastiere, F; Gamkrelidze, A; Gemicioʇlu, B; Gereda, JE; Gonzalez Diaz, S; Gotua, M; Grouse, L; Guzman, MA; Haahtela, T; Hellquist-Dahl, B; Heinrich, J; Horak, F; Hourihane, JOB; Howarth, P; Humbert, M; Hyland, ME; Ivancevich, JC; Jares, EJ; Johnston, SL; Joos, G; Jonquet, O; Jung, KS; Just, J; Kaidashev, I; Kalayci, O; Kalyoncu, AF; Keil, T; Keith, PK; Khaltaev, N; Klimek, L; Koffi N'Goran, B; Kolek, V; Koppelman, GH; Kowalski, ML; Kull, I; Kuna, P; Kvedariene, V; Lambrecht, B; Lau, S; Larenas-Linnemann, D; Laune, D; Le, LTT; Lieberman, P; Lipworth, B; Li, J; Louis, R; Magard, Y; Magnan, A; Mahboub, B; Majer, I; Makela, MJ; Manning, P; De Manuel Keenoy, E; Marshall, GD; Masjedi, MR; Maurer, M; Mavale-Manuel, S; Melen, E; Melo-Gomes, E; Meltzer, EO; Merk, H; Miculinic, N; Mihaltan, F; Milenkovic, B; Mohammad, Y; Molimard, M; Momas, I; Montilla-Santana, A; Morais-Almeida, M; Mösges, R; Namazova-Baranova, L; Naclerio, R; Neou, Angelos; Neffen, H; Nekam, K; Niggemann, B; Nyembue, TD; O'Hehir, RE; Ohta, K; Okamoto, Y; Okubo, K; Ouedraogo, S; Paggiaro, P; Pali-Schöll, I; Palmer, S; Panzner, P; Papi, A; Park, HS; Pavord, I; Pawankar, R; Pfaar, O; Picard, R; Pigearias, B; Pin, I; Plavec, D; Pohl, W; Popov, TA; Portejoie, F; Postma, D; Potter, P; Price, D; Rabe, KF; Raciborski, F; Radier Pontal, F; Repka-Ramirez, S; Robalo-Cordeiro, C; Rolland, C; Rosado-Pinto, J; Reitamo, S; Rodenas, F; Roman Rodriguez, M; Romano, A; Rosario, N; Rosenwasser, L; Rottem, M; Sanchez-Borges, M; Scadding, GK; Serrano, E; Schmid-Grendelmeier, P; Sheikh, A; Simons, FER; Sisul, JC; Skrindo, Ingebjørg; Smit, HA; Sole, D; Sooronbaev, T; Spranger, O; Stelmach, R; Strandberg, T; Sunyer, J; Thijs, C; Todo-Bom, A; Triggiani, M; Valenta, R; Valero, AL; Van Hage, M; Vandenplas, O; Vezzani, G; Vichyanond, P; Viegi, G; Wagenmann, M; Walker, S; Wang, DY; Wahn, U; Williams, DM; Wright, J; Yawn, BP; Yiallouros, PK; Yusuf, OM; Zar, HJ; Zernotti, ME; Zhang, L; Zhong, N; Zidarn, M & Mercier, J (2015). MACVIA-ARIA Sentinel NetworK for allergic rhinitis (MASK-rhinitis): The new generation guideline implementation. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538.  70(11), s 1372- 1392 . doi: 10.1111/all.12686
• Brand, Paul L.P.; Mäkelä, Mika J.; Szefler, Stanley J.; Frischer, Thomas; Price, David; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2015). Monitoring asthma in childhood: Symptoms, exacerbations and quality of life. European Respiratory Review.  ISSN 0905-9180.  24(136), s 187- 193 . doi: 10.1183/16000617.00003614
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Haahtela, Tari; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Smith, Anders; Bjerke, Marianne; Wickman, Magnus; Keil, Thomas Morten Ingmar; Ballereau, Stephane; Bedbrook, Anna; Bergström, Anna; Nawjin, Martijn C.; Pinart, Mariona; Skrindo, Ingebjørg; Xu, Cheng J.; De Carlo, Giuseppe; Antó, Josep Maria & Bousquet, Jean (2015). Integrated allergy and asthma prevention and care: report of the MeDALL/AIRWAYS ICPs Meeting at the Ministry of Health and Care Services, Oslo, Norway. International Archives of Allergy and Immunology.  ISSN 1018-2438.  167(1), s 57- 64 . doi: 10.1159/000431359
• Edwards, Alan Martin; Bibawy, Dalia; Matthews, Sharon; Tongue, Nicky; Arshad, Syed Hasan; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Øymar, Knut; Pollock, Ian; Clifford, Rollo; Thomas, Anne; Gamanya, Rufaro; Vyas, Jui; Stevens, Michael T. & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2015). Long-term use of a 4% sodium cromoglicate cutaneous emulsion in the treatment of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis in children. Journal of dermatological treatment (Print).  ISSN 0954-6634.  26(6), s 541- 547 . doi: 10.3109/09546634.2015.1034077
• Garcia-Aymerich, Judith; Benet, Marta; Saeys, Yvan; Pinart, Mariona; Basagaña, Xavier; Smit, Henriëtte A.; Siroux, Valérie; Just, Jocelyne; Momas, Isabelle; Rancière, Fanny; Keil, Thomas Oskar Philipp; Hohmann, Cynthia; Lau, Susanne; Wahn, Ulrich; Heinrich, Joachim; Tischer, Christina G.; Fantini, Maria Pia; Lenzi, Jacopo; Porta, Daniela; Koppelman, Gerard H.; Postma, Dirkje S.; Berdel, Dietrich; Koletzko, Sibylle; Kerkhof, Marjan; Gehring, Ulrike; Wickman, Magnus; Melén, Erik; Hallberg, Jenny; Bindslev-Jensen, Carsten; Eller, Esben; Kull, Inger; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Lambrecht, Bart N.; Kogevinas, Manolis; Sunyer, Jordi; Kauffmann, Francine; Bousquet, Jean & Antó, Jósep Maria (2015). Phenotyping asthma, rhinitis and eczema in MeDALL population-based birth cohorts: An allergic comorbidity cluster. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538.  70(8), s 973- 984 . doi: 10.1111/all.12640
• Hovland, Vegard; Riiser, Andreas; Mowinckel, Petter; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2015). Early risk factors for pubertal asthma. Clinical and Experimental Allergy.  ISSN 0954-7894.  45(1), s 164- 176 . doi: 10.1111/cea.12409
• Pijnenburg, Mariëlle W.; Baraldi, Eugenio; Brand, Paul L.P.; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Eber, Ernst; Frischer, Thomas; Hedlin, Gunilla; Kulkarni, Neeta; Lex, Christiane; Mäkelä, Mika J.; Mantzouranis, Eva; Möller, Alexander; Pavord, Ian; Piacentini, Giorgio; Price, David; Rottier, Bart L.; Saglani, Sejal; Sly, Peter D.; Szefler, Stanley J.; Tonia, Thomy; Turner, Steve; Wooler, Edwina & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2015). Monitoring asthma in children. European Respiratory Journal.  ISSN 0903-1936.  45(4), s 906- 925 . doi: 10.1183/09031936.00088814
• Rolfsjord, Leif Bjarte; Skjerven, Håvard Ove; Bakkeheim, Egil; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Hunderi, Jon Olav Gjengstø; Kvenshagen, Bente; Mowinckel, Petter & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2015). Children hospitalised with bronchiolitis in the first year of life have a lower quality of life nine months later. Acta Paediatrica.  ISSN 0803-5253.  104(1), s 53- 58 . doi: 10.1111/apa.12792 Vis sammendrag

  Aim Acute bronchiolitis increases the risk of asthma, and reduced quality of life (QoL) is reported in children with asthma and allergy. However, the impact of asthma risk factors on QoL is unclear. This study investigated whether bronchiolitis and common asthma risk factors in infancy had an influence on later QoL. Methods The parents of 209 infants recruited during hospitalisation for bronchiolitis at a mean age of 4 months, and 206 controls responded to the generic Infant Toddler Quality of Life Questionnaire 9 months later. We used robust regression analyses to assess the association between four asthma risk factors, atopic eczema, parental asthma, parental allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and second-hand smoke and QoL in the two groups. Results QoL was lower among children with previous bronchiolitis in the overall health and general health domains and lower in six of 13 domains in children with atopic eczema. Compared with no risk factors, children with previous bronchiolitis and three risk factors had lower scores in four domains, and control children with three risk factors had lower scores in three domains. Conclusion Having acute bronchiolitis, atopic eczema and three asthma risk factors were negatively associated with later QoL in early childhood.

• Rottier, Bart L.; Eber, Ernst; Hedlin, Gunilla; Turner, Steve; Wooler, Edwina; Mantzourani, Eva; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2015). Monitoring asthma in childhood: Management-related issues. European Respiratory Review.  ISSN 0905-9180.  24(136), s 194- 203 . doi: 10.1183/16000617.00003814
• Skjerven, Håvard Ove; Rolfsjord, Leif Bjarte; Berents, Teresa Løvold; Engen, Hanne; Dizdarevic, Edin; MIDGAARD, CATHRINE; Kvenshagen, Bente; Aas, Marianne; Hunderi, Jon Olav Gjengstø; Høstmark, Karen-Eline Stensby; Mowinckel, Petter; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2015). Allergic diseases and the effect of inhaled epinephrine in children with acute bronchiolitis: Follow-up from the randomised, controlled, double-blind, Bronchiolitis ALL trial. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine.  ISSN 2213-2600.  3(9), s 702- 708 . doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(15)00319-7
• Skrindo, Ingebjørg; Lupinek, Christian; Valenta, Rudolf; Hovland, Vegard; Pahr, Sandra; Baar, Alexandra; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Mowinckel, Petter; Wickman, Magnus; Melén, Erik; Bousquet, Jean; Antó, Josep Maria & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2015). The use of the MeDALL-chip to assess IgE sensitization: A new diagnostic tool for allergic disease?. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology.  ISSN 0905-6157.  26(3), s 239- 246 . doi: 10.1111/pai.12366
• Smit, Henriette A.; Pinart, Mariona; Antó, Josep Maria; Keil, Thomas; Bousquet, Jean; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Moons, Karel G; Hooft, Lotty & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2015). Childhood asthma prediction models: a systematic review. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine.  ISSN 2213-2600.  3(12), s 973- 984 . doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(15)00428-2
• Westergren, Thomas; Ommundsen, Yngvar; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Mowinckel, Petter; Fegran, Liv & Berntsen, Sveinung (2015). A nested case-control study: Personal, social and environmental correlates of vigorous physical activity in adolescents with asthma. Journal of Asthma.  ISSN 0277-0903.  52(2), s 155- 161 . doi: 10.3109/02770903.2014.955190
• Westman, M.; Lupinek, C; Bousquet, J.; Andersson, N; Pahr, Sandra; Baar, Alexandra; Bergström, Anna; Holmström, M.; Stjärne, P.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Anto, JM; Valenta, R.; van Hage, Marianne & Wickman, M. (2015). Early childhood IgE reactivity to pathogenesis-related class 10 proteins predicts allergic rhinitis in adolescence. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0091-6749.  135(5), s 1199- 1206e11 . doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.10.042
• Bertelsen, Randi Jacobsen; Fæste, Christiane Kruse; Granum, Berit; Egaas, Eliann; London, Stephanie J; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup & Løvik, Martinus (2014). Food allergens in mattress dust in Norwegian homes - a potentially important source of allergen exposure. Clinical and Experimental Allergy.  ISSN 0954-7894.  44(1), s 142- 149 . doi: 10.1111/cea.12231
• Bousquet, Jean; Addis, Antoino; Adcock, Ian M.; Agache, Ioana; Agustí, Àlvar; Alonso, Albert; Annesi-Maesano, Isabella; Anto, Josep Maria; Bachert, Claus; Baena-Cagnani, Carlos Eduardo; Bai, C.; Baigenzhin, Abay K.; Barbara, Cristina; Barnes, Peter John; Bateman, Eric D.; Beck, Lorna Shelton; Bedbrook, Anna; Bel, Elisabeth H.D.; Benezet, O.; Bennoor, K. Saifuddin; Benson, Mikael; Bernabeu-Wittel, Máximo; Bewick, Mike; Bindslev-Jensen, Carsten; Blain, Hubert; Blasi, Francesco; Bonini, Matteo; Bonini, Sergio; Boulet, Louis Philippe; Bourdin, Arnaud; Bourret, Rodolphe; Bousquet, Philippe Jean; Brightling, Christopher Edward E.; Briggs, Andrew H.; Brožek, Jan; Buhl, Roland; Bush, Andrew J.; Caimmi, Davide; Calderón, Moisés A.; Calverley, Peter M. Anthony; Camargos, Paulo Augusto Moreira; Camuzat, T.; Canónica, Giorgio Walter; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Casale, Thomas B.; Cazzola, Mario; Cepeda Sarabia, Alfonso Mario; Cesario, Alfredo; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup & Stiris, Tom (2014). Integrated care pathways for airway diseases (AIRWAYS-ICPs). European Respiratory Journal.  ISSN 0903-1936.  44(2), s 304- 323 . doi: 10.1183/09031936.00014614
• Bousquet, Jean; Gern, James E.; Martinez, Fernando D.; Antó, Josep Maria; Johnson, Christine C.; Holt, Patrick G.; Lemanske Jr, Robert F.; Le Souëf, Peter N.; Tepper, Robert S.; Von Mutius, Erika R.M.; Arshad, S. Hasan; Bacharier, Leonard B.; Becker, Allan; Belanger, Kathleen; Bergström, Anna; Bernstein, David I.; Cabana, Michael D.; Carroll, Kecia N.; Castro, Mario; Cooper, Philip J.; Gillman, Matthew W.; Gold, Diane R.; Henderson, John; Heinrich, Joachim; Hong, Soo-Jong; Jackson, Daniel J.; Keil, Thomas; Kozyrskyj, Anita L.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Miller, Rachel L.; Momas, Isabelle; Morgan, Wayne J.; Noel, Patricia; Ownby, Dennis R.; Pinart, Mariona; Ryan, Patrick H.; Schwaninger, Julie M.; Sears, Malcolm R.; Simpson, Angela; Smit, Henriette A.; Stern, Debra A.; Subbarao, Padmaja; Valenta, Rudolf; Wang, Xiaobin; Weiss, Scott T.; Wood, Robert; Wright, Anne L.; Wright, Rosalind J.; Togias, Alkis & Gergen, Peter J. (2014). Birth cohorts in asthma and allergic diseases: Report of a NIAID/NHLBI/MeDALL joint workshop. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0091-6749.  133(6), s 1535- 1546 . doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.01.018
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Mowinckel, Petter; Hovland, Vegard; Håland, Geir; Riiser, Amund & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2014). Lung function trajectories from birth through puberty reflect asthma phenotypes with allergic comorbidity. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0091-6749.  134(4), s 917- 923.e7 . doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.05.020
• Hohmann, C.; Pinart, M.; Tischer, C.; Gehring, U.; Heinrich, J.; Kull, I.; Melén, E.; Smit, H.A.; Torrent, M.; Wijga, A.H.; Wickman, M.; Bachert, C.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Bindslev-Jensen, C.; Eller, E.; Esplugues, A.; Fantini, M.P.; Annesi-Maesano, I.; Momas, I.; Porta, D.; Vassilaki, M.; Waiblinger, D.; Sunyer, J.; Anto, J.M.; Bousquet, J. & Keil, T. (2014). The development of the MeDALL core questionnaires for a harmonized follow-up assessment of eleven European birth cohorts on asthma and allergies. International Archives of Allergy and Immunology.  ISSN 1018-2438.  163(3), s 215- 224 . doi: 10.1159/000357732
• Hovland, Vegard; Riiser, Amund; Mowinckel, Petter; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2014). Asthma with allergic comorbidities in adolescence is associated with bronchial responsiveness and airways inflammation. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology.  ISSN 0905-6157.  25(4), s 351- 359 . doi: 10.1111/pai.12241
• Kvenshagen, Bente; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Mowinckel, Petter; Berents, Teresa Løvold & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2014). Can early skin care normalise dry skin and possibly prevent atopic eczema? A pilot study in young infants. Allergologia et Immunopathologia.  ISSN 0301-0546.  42(6), s 539- 543 . doi: 10.1016/j.aller.2014.06.003
• Lupinek, Christian; Wollmann, Eva; Baar, Alexandra; Banerjee, Srinita; Breiteneder, Heimo; Broecker, Barbara M.; Bublin, Merima; Curin, Mirela; Flicker, Sabine; Garmatiuk, Tetiana; Hochwallner, Heidrun; Mittermann, Irene; Pahr, Sandra; Resch, Yvonne; Roux, Kenneth H.; Srinivasan, Bharani; Stentzel, Sebastian; Vrtala, Susanne; Willison, LeAnna N.; Wickman, Magnus; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Antó, Josep Maria; Bousquet, Jean; Bachert, Claus; Ebner, Daniel; Schlederer, Thomas; Harwanegg, Christian & Valenta, Rudolf (2014). Advances in allergen-microarray technology for diagnosis and monitoring of allergy: The MeDALL allergen-chip. Methods.  ISSN 1046-2023.  66(1), s 106- 119 . doi: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2013.10.008
• Pinart, Mariona; Benet, Marta; Annesi-Maesano, Isabella; von Berg, Andrea; Berdel, Dietrich; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Bindslev-Jensen, Carsten; Eller, Esben; Fantini, Maria P.; Lenzi, Jacopo; Gehring, Ulrike; Heinrich, Joachim; Hohmann, Cynthia; Just, Jocelyne; Keil, Thomas; Kerkhof, Marjan; Kogevinas, Manolis; Koletzko, Sibylle; Koppelman, Gerard H.; Kull, Inger Marie; Lau, Susanne; Melén, Erik; Momas, Isabelle; Porta, Daniela; Postma, Dirkje S.; Ranciere, Fanny; Smit, Henriette A.; Stein, Renato T.; Tischer, Christina G.; Torrent, Maties; Wickman, Magnus; Wijga, Alet H.; Bousquet, Jean; Sunyer, Jordi; Basagana, Xavier; Guerra, Stefano; Garcia-Aymerich, Judith & Antó, Josep Maria (2014). Comorbidity of eczema, rhinitis, and asthma in IgE-sensitised and non-IgE-sensitised children in MeDALL: A population-based cohort study. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine.  ISSN 2213-2600.  2(2), s 131- 140 . doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(13)70277-7
• Berntsen, Sveinung; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Anderssen, Sigmund Alfred; Mowinckel, Petter & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2013). Factors associated with aerobic fitness in adolescents with asthma. Respiratory Medicine.  ISSN 0954-6111.  107(8), s 1164- 1171 . doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2013.04.009
• Bertelsen, Randi Jacobsen; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Calafat, Antonia M.; Hoppin, Jane A; Håland, Geir; Mowinckel, Petter; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Løvik, Martinus (2013). Urinary biomarkers for phthalates associated with asthma in Norwegian children. Environmental Health Perspectives.  ISSN 0091-6765.  121(2), s 251- 256 . doi: 10.1289/ehp.1205256
• Bertelsen, Randi Jacobsen; Longnecker, M P; Løvik, Martinus; Calafat, A M; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; London, S J & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2013). Triclosan exposure and allergic sensitization in Norwegian children. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538.  68(1), s 84- 91 . doi: 10.1111/all.12058
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2013). Pathophysiology and epidemiology of allergic disorders, In E. Eber & F. Midulla (ed.),  ERS Handbook of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine.  European Respiratory Society.  ISBN 978-1-84984-038-5.  Chapter 9: Bronchial asthma and wheezing disorders.  s 339 - 344
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup & Pijnenburg, Marielle (2013). Bronchial asthma, In E. Eber & F. Midulla (ed.),  ERS Handbook of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine.  European Respiratory Society.  ISBN 978-1-84984-038-5.  Chapter 9: Bronchial asthma and wheezing disorders.  s 316 - 327
• Hovland, Vegard; Riiser, Amund; Mowinckel, Petter; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2013). The significance of early recurrent wheeze for asthma outcomes in late childhood. European Respiratory Journal.  ISSN 0903-1936.  41(4), s 838- 845 . doi: 10.1183/09031936.00071512
• Konradsen, Jon R.; James, Anna; Nordlund, Bjørn Kristian; Reinius, Lovisa E.; Söderhäll, Cilla; Melen, E; Wheelock, Åsa; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Lidegran, Marika; Verhoek, Marri; Boot, Rolf G.; Dahlen, Barbro; Dahlén, Sven-Erik & Hedlin, Gunilla (2013). The chitinase-like protein YKL-40: A possible biomarker of inflammation and airway remodeling in severe pediatric asthma. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0091-6749.  132(2), s 328- + . doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.03.003
• Midulla, Fabio; Lombardi, Enrico; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Regamey, Nicolas; Grigg, Jonathan; Russell, Rober I. Ross; Turner, Steve W.; Priftis, Kostas & Eber, Ernst (2013). Paediatrics in Vienna. European Respiratory Journal.  ISSN 0903-1936.  42(4), s 1092- 1104 . doi: 10.1183/09031936.00037213
• Sachs Olsen, Christine; Berntsen, Sveinung; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Anderssen, Sigmund Alfred; Mowinckel, Petter & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2013). Time spent in vigorous physical activity is associated with increased exhaled nitric oxide in non-asthmatic adolescents. Clinical Respiratory Journal.  ISSN 1752-6981.  7(1), s 64- 73 . doi: 10.1111/j.1752-699X.2012.00283.x Vis sammendrag

  Introduction:  Physical activity (PA) is important in preventing disease, but endurance elite athletes have increased prevalence of asthma and airway inflammation. Objectives:  We aimed to determine if PA was associated with increased fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) in asthmatic and non-asthmatic adolescents. Methods:  FENO was recorded (Niox Mino®, Aerocrine AB, Stockholm, Sweden) in 169 adolescents (13–14 years) in a nested case–control analysis from the Environment and Childhood Asthma study, Oslo, 92 adolescents with and 77 without asthma. They underwent clinical examination, lung function measurements and treadmill run measuring peak oxygen uptake, and objectively recorded PA for four consecutive days. PA was classified as moderate, vigorous and very vigorous, and total number of hours of each category was recorded for each subject. Associations between FENO and PA were tested using linear robust multiple regression analyses. Results:  In non-asthmatic adolescents, FENO was associated with daily hours of vigorous to very vigorous (r = 0.27, P = 0.02) and very vigorous PAs (r = 0.25, P = 0.036) in bivariate analyses. In multivariate analyses, FENO was associated with vigorous to very vigorous PA [regression coefficients (95% confidence interval) 1.9 (0.6, 3.1); P = 0.004] and more strongly with very vigorous PA [3.9 (1.5, 6.4); P = 0.002] in non-asthmatic but not in asthmatic adolescents. Total daily PA was not associated with FENO in either group. Thus, 1 h of very vigorous PA per day increased FENO by 3.9 ppb. Conclusion: Vigorous to very vigorous PA, contrasting total daily PA, was significantly associated with increased FENO in non-asthmatic adolescents, suggesting that intensive PA may induce airway inflammation independent of asthma.

• Skjerven, Håvard Ove; Hunderi, Jon Olav Gjengstø; Brügmann-Pieper, Sabine Kristin; Brun, Anne Charlotte; Engen, Hanne; Eskedal, Leif Torvald; Haavaldsen, Marius; Kvenshagen, Bente; Lunde, Jon; Rolfsjord, Leif Bjarte; Siva, Christian; Vikin, Truls; Mowinckel, Petter; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2013). Racemic adrenaline and inhalation strategies in acute bronchiolitis. New England Journal of Medicine.  ISSN 0028-4793.  368(24), s 2286- 2293 . doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1301839
• Torjussen, Tale Mæhre; Munthe-Kaas, Monica Cheng; Mowinckel, Petter; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Undlien, Dag Erik & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2013). Childhood lung function and the association with beta 2-adrenergic receptor haplotypes. Acta Paediatrica.  ISSN 0803-5253.  102(7), s 727- 731 . doi: 10.1111/apa.12221
• Antó, Josep Maria; Pinart, M; Akdis, M; Auffray, C; Bachert, C; Basagana, X; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Guerra, S; von Hertzen, L; Illi, S; Kauffmann, F; Keil, T; Kiley, JP; Koppelman, GH; Lupinek, C; Martinez, FD; Nawijn, MC; Postma, DS; Siroux, V; Smit, HA; Sterk, PJ; Sunyer, J; Valenta, R; Valverde, S; Akdis, CA; Annesi-Maesano, I; Ballester, F; Benet, M; Cambon-Thomsen, A; Chatzi, L; Coquet, J; Demoly, P; Gan, WN; Garcia-Aymerich, J; Gimeno-Santos, E; Guihenneuc-Jouyaux, C; Haahtela, T; Heinrich, J; Herr, M; Hohmann, C; Jacquemin, B; Just, J; Kerkhof, M; Kogevinas, M; Kowalski, ML; Lambrecht, BN; Lau, S; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Maier, D; Momas, I; Noel, P; Oddie, S; Palkonen, S; Pin, I; Porta, D; Punturieri, A; Ranciere, F; Smith, RA; Stanic, B; Stein, RT; van de Veen, W; van Oosterhout, AJM; Varraso, R; Wickman, M; Wijmenga, C; Wright, J; Yaman, G; Zuberbier, T & Bousquet, J (2012). Understanding the complexity of IgE-related phenotypes from childhood to young adulthood: A Mechanisms of the Development of Allergy (MeDALL) Seminar. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0091-6749.  129(4), s 943- U421 . doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.01.047
• Bousquet, J.; Heinzerling, L.; Bachert, C.; Papadopoulos, N.G.; Bousquet, P.J.; Burney, P.G.; Canonica, G.W.; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Cox, L.; Haahtela, T.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Price, D.; Samolinski, B.; Simons, F.E.R.; Wickman, M.; Annesi-Maesano, I.; Baena-Cagnani, C.E.; Bergmann, K.C.; Bindslev-Jensen, C.; Casale, T.B.; Chiriac, A.; Cruz, A.A.; Dubakiene, R.; Durham, S.R.; Fokkens, W.J.; Gerth-van-Wijk, R.; Kalayci, O.; Kowalski, M.; Mari, A.; Mullol, J.; Nazamova-Baranova, L.; O'Hehir, R.E.; Ohta, K.; Panzner, P.; Passalacqua, G.; Ring, J.; Rogala, B.; Romano, A.; Ryan, D.; Schmid-Grendelmeier, P.; Todo-Bom, A.; Valenta, R.; Woehrl, S.; Yusuf, O.M.; Zuberbier, T. & Demoly, P. (2012). Practical guide to skin prick tests in allergy to aeroallergens. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538.  67(1), s 18- 24 . doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2011.02728.x
• Bousquet, Jean; Anto, JM; Demoly, P; Schunemann, HJ; Togias, A; Akdis, M; Auffray, C; Bachert, C; Bieber, T; Bousquet, PJ; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Casale, TB; Cruz, AA; Keil, T; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Maurer, M; Ohta, K; Papadopoulos, NG; Rodriguez, MR; Samolinski, B; Agache, I; Andrianarisoa, A; Ang, CS; Annesi-Maesano, I; Ballester, F; Baena-Cagnani, CE; Basagana, X; Bateman, ED; Bel, EH; Bedbrook, A; Beghe, B; Beji, M; Ben Kheder, A; Benet, M; Bennoor, KS; Bergmann, KC; Berrissoul, F; Jensen, CB; Bleecker, ER; Bonini, S; Boner, AL; Boulet, LP; Brightling, CE; Brozek, JL; Bush, A; Busse, WW; Camargos, PAM; Canonica, GW; Carr, W; Cesario, A; Chen, YZ; Chiriac, AM; Costa, DJ; Cox, L; Custovic, A; Dahl, R; Darsow, U; Didi, T; Dolen, WK; Douagui, H; Dubakiene, R; El-Meziane, A; Fonseca, JA; Fokkens, WJ; Fthenou, E; Gamkrelidze, A; Garcia-Aymerich, J; van Wijk, RG; Gimeno-Santos, E; Guerra, S; Haahtela, T; Haddad, H; Hellings, PW; Hellquist-Dahl, B; Hohmann, C; Howarth, P; Hourihane, JO; Humbert, M; Jacquemin, B; Just, J; Kalayci, O; Kaliner, MA; Kauffmann, F; Kerkhof, M; Khayat, G; N'Goran, BK; Kogevinas, M; Koppelman, GH; Kowalski, ML; Kull, I; Kuna, P; Larenas, D; Lavi, I; Le, LT; Lieberman, P; Lipworth, B; Mahboub, B; Makela, MJ; Martin, F; Martinez, FD; Marshall, GD; Mazon, A; Melen, E; Meltzer, EO; Mihaltan, F; Mohammad, Y; Mohammadi, A; Momas, I; Morais-Almeida, M; Mullol, J; Muraro, A; Naclerio, R; Nafti, S; Namazova-Baranova, L; Nawijn, MC; Nyembue, TD; Oddie, S; O'Hehir, RE; Okamoto, Y; Orru, MP; Ozdemir, C; Ouedraogo, GS; Palkonen, S; Panzner, P; Passalacqua, G; Pawankar, R; Pigearias, B; Pin, I; Pinart, M; Pison, C; Popov, TA; Porta, D; Postma, DS; Price, D; Rabe, KF; Ratomaharo, J; Reitamo, S; Rezagui, D; Ring, J; Roberts, R; Roca, J; Rogala, B; Romano, A; Rosado-Pinto, J; Ryan, D; Sanchez-Borges, M; Scadding, GK; Sheikh, A; Simons, FER; Siroux, V; Schmid-Grendelmeier, PD; Smit, HA; Sooronbaev, T; Stein, RT; Sterk, PJ; Sunyer, J; Terreehorst, I; Toskala, E; Tremblay, Y; Valenta, R; Valeyre, D; Vandenplas, O; van Weel, C; Vassilaki, M; Varraso, R; Viegi, G; Wang, DY; Wickman, M; Williams, D; Wohrl, S; Wright, J; Yorgancioglu, A; Yusuf, OM; Zar, HJ; Zernotti, ME; Zidarn, M; Zhong, N & Zuberbier, T (2012). Severe chronic allergic (and related) diseases: a uniform approach - A MeDALL - GA(2)LEN - ARIA position paper. International Archives of Allergy and Immunology.  ISSN 1018-2438.  158(3), s 216- 231 . doi: 10.1159/000332924
• Bousquet, Jean; Schunemann, HJ; Samolinski, B; Demoly, P; Baena-Cagnani, CE; Bachert, C; Bonini, S; Boulet, LP; Bousquet, PJ; Brozek, JL; Canonica, GW; Casale, TB; Cruz, AA; Fokkens, WJ; Fonseca, JA; van Wijk, RG; Grouse, L; Haahtela, T; Khaltaev, N; Kuna, P; Lockey, RF; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Mullol, J; Naclerio, R; O'Hehir, RE; Ohta, K; Palkonen, S; Papadopoulos, NG; Passalacqua, G; Pawankar, R; Price, D; Ryan, D; Simons, FER; Togias, A; Williams, D; Yorgancioglu, A; Yusuf, OM; Aberer, W; Adachi, M; Agache, I; Ait-Khaled, N; Akdis, CA; Andrianarisoa, A; Annesi-Maesano, I; Ansotegui, IJ; Baiardini, I; Bateman, ED; Bedbrook, A; Beghe, B; Beji, M; Bel, EH; Ben Kheder, A; Bennoor, KS; Bergmann, KC; Berrissoul, F; Bieber, T; Jensen, CB; Blaiss, MS; Boner, AL; Bouchard, J; Braido, F; Brightling, CE; Bush, A; Caballero, F; Calderon, MA; Calvo, MA; Camargos, PAM; Caraballo, LR; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Carr, W; Cepeda, AM; Cesario, A; Chavannes, NH; Chen, YZ; Chiriac, AM; Perez, TC; Chkhartishvili, E; Ciprandi, G; Costa, DJ; Cox, L; Custovic, A; Dahl, R; Darsow, U; De Blay, F; Deleanu, D; Denburg, JA; Devillier, P; Didi, T; Dokic, D; Dolen, WK; Douagui, H; Dubakiene, R; Durham, SR; Dykewicz, MS; El-Gamal, Y; El-Meziane, A; Emuzyte, R; Fiocchi, A; Fletcher, M; Fukuda, T; Gamkrelidze, A; Gereda, JE; Diaz, SG; Gotua, M; Guzman, MA; Hellings, PW; Hellquist-Dahl, B; Horak, F; Hourihane, JO; Howarth, P; Humbert, M; Ivancevich, JC; Jackson, C; Just, J; Kalayci, O; Kaliner, MA; Kalyoncu, AF; Keil, T; Keith, PK; Khayat, G; Kim, YY; N'Goran, BK; Koppelman, GH; Kowalski, ML; Kull, I; Kvedariene, V; Larenas-Linnemann, D; Le, LT; Lemiere, C; Li, J; Lieberman, P; Lipworth, B; Mahboub, B; Makela, MJ; Martin, F; Marshall, GD; Martinez, FD; Masjedi, MR; Maurer, M; Mavale-Manuel, S; Mazon, A; Melen, E; Meltzer, EO; Mendez, NH; Merk, H; Mihaltan, F; Mohammad, Y; Morais-Almeida, M; Muraro, A; Nafti, S; Namazova-Baranova, L; Nekam, K; Neou, A; Niggemann, B; Nizankowska-Mogilnicka, E; Nyembue, TD; Okamoto, Y; Okubo, K; Orru, MP; Ouedraogo, S; Ozdemir, C; Panzner, P; Pali-Scholl, I; Park, HS; Pigearias, B; Pohl, W; Popov, TA; Postma, DS; Potter, P; Rabe, KF; Ratomaharo, J; Reitamo, S; Ring, J; Roberts, R; Rogala, B; Romano, A; Rodriguez, MR; Rosado-Pinto, J; Rosenwasser, L; Rottem, M; Sanchez-Borges, M; Scadding, GK; Schmid-Grendelmeier, P; Sheikh, A; Sisul, JC; Sole, D; Sooronbaev, T; Spicak, V; Spranger, O; Stein, RT; Stoloff, SW; Sunyer, J; Szczeklik, A; Todo-Bom, A; Toskala, E; Tremblay, Y; Valenta, R; Valero, AL; Valeyre, D; Valiulis, A; Valovirta, E; Van Cauwenberge, P; Vandenplas, O; van Weel, C; Vichyanond, P; Viegi, G; Wang, DY; Wickman, M; Wohrl, S; Wright, J; Yawn, BP; Yiallouros, PK; Zar, HJ; Zernotti, ME; Zhong, N; Zidarn, M & Zuberbier, T (2012). Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA): Achievements in 10 years and future needs. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0091-6749.  130(5), s 1049- 1062 . doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.07.053
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Roll, Stephanie; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Mowinckel, Petter; Wijga, Alet H.; Brunekreef, Bert; Torrent, Maties; Roberts, Graham; Arshad, S. Hasan; Kull, Inger; Krämer, Ursula; von Berg, Andrea; Eller, Esben; Høst, Arne; Kuehni, Claudia; Spycher, Ben; Sunyer, Jordi; Chen, Chih-Mei; Reich, Andreas; Asarnoj, Anna; Puig, Carmen; Herbarth, Olf; John, Jestina M. Mahachie; Van Steen, Kristel; Willich, Stefan N.; Wahn, Ulrich; Lau, Susanne & Keil, Thomas (2012). Does Pet Ownership in Infancy Lead to Asthma or Allergy at School Age? Pooled Analysis of Individual Participant Data from 11 European Birth Cohorts. PLoS ONE.  ISSN 1932-6203.  7(8) . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043214
• Eber, Ernst; Aurora, Paul; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Lindblad, Anders; Dankert-Roelse, Jeannette E; Ross-Russell, Robert I; Turner, Steve W; Midulla, Fabio & Hedlin, Gunilla (2012). Paediatrics in Amsterdam. European Respiratory Journal.  ISSN 0903-1936.  40(1), s 215- 226 . doi: 10.1183/09031936.00226811
• Munthe-Kaas, Monica Cheng; Bertelsen, Randi Jacobsen; Torjussen, Tale Mæhre; Hjorthaug, Hanne Sagsveen; Undlien, Dag Erik; Lyle, Robert; Gervin, Kristina; Granum, Berit; Mowinckel, Petter; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2012). Pet keeping and tobacco exposure influence CD14 methylation in childhood. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology.  ISSN 0905-6157.  23(8), s 746- 753 . doi: 10.1111/pai.12021
• Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G.; Arakawa, H; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Custovic, A; Gern, J; Lemanske, R; Le Souef, P; Makela, M; Roberts, G; Wong, G; Zar, H; Akdis, CA; Bacharier, LB; Baraldi, E; van Bever, HP; de Blic, J; Boner, A; Burks, W; Casale, TB; Castro-Rodriguez, JA; Chen, YZ; El-Gamal, YM; Everard, ML; Frischer, T; Geller, M; Gereda, J; Goh, DY; Guilbert, TW; Hedlin, G; Heymann, PW; Hong, SJ; Hossny, EM; Huang, JL; Jackson, DJ; de Jongste, JC; Kalayci, O; Ait-Khaled, N; Kling, S; Kuna, P; Lau, S; Ledford, DK; Lee, SI; Liu, AH; Lockey, RF; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Lotvall, J; Morikawa, A; Nieto, A; Paramesh, H; Pawankar, R; Pohunek, P; Pongracic, J; Price, D; Robertson, C; Rosario, N; Rossenwasser, LJ; Sly, PD; Stein, R; Stick, S; Szefler, S; Taussig, LM; Valovirta, E; Vichyanond, P; Wallace, D; Weinberg, E; Wennergren, G; Wildhaber, J & Zeiger, RS (2012). International consensus on (ICON) pediatric asthma. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538.  67(8), s 976- 997 . doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2012.02865.x
• Riiser, Amund; Hovland, Vegard; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Mowinckel, Petter & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2012). Does Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness in Childhood Predict Active Asthma in Adolescence?. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.  ISSN 1073-449X.  186(6), s 493- 500 . doi: 10.1164/rccm.201112-2235OC
• Riiser, Amund; Hovland, Vegard; Mowinckel, Petter; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2012). Bronchial hyperresponsiveness decreases through childhood. Respiratory Medicine.  ISSN 0954-6111.  106(2), s 215- 222 . doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2011.09.013 Vis sammendrag

  Limited knowledge exists about development of bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) through adolescence. We aimed to assess changes in and risk factors for BHR in adolescence. From a Norwegian birth cohort 517 subjects underwent clinical examinations, structured interviews and methacholine challenges at age 10 and 16. BHR was divided into four categories: no BHR (cumulative methacholine dose required to reduce FEV1 by 20% (PD20) >16 μmol), borderline BHR (PD20 ≤16 and >8 μmol), mild to moderate BHR (PD20 ≤8 and >1 μmol), and severe BHR (PD20 ≤ 1 μmol). Logistic regression analysis was used to assess risk factors and possible confounders. The number of children with PD20 ≤ 8 decreased from 172 (33%) to 79 (15%) from age 10–16 (p < 0.001). Most children (n = 295, 57%) remained in the same BHR (category) from age 10–16 (50% with no BHR), whereas the majority 182 (82%) of the 222 children who changed BHR category, had decreased severity at age 16. PD20 ≤ 8 at age 10 was the major risk factor for PD20 ≤ 8 6 years later (odds ratio 6.3), without significant confounding effect (>25% change) of gender, active rhinitis, active asthma, height, FEV1/FVC, or allergic sensitization. BHR decreased overall in severity through adolescence, was stable for the majority of children and only a minority (8%) had increased BHR from age 10 to 16. Mild to moderate and severe BHR at age 10 were major risk factors for PD20 ≤ 8 at 16 years and not modified by asthma or body size.

• Torjussen, Tale Mæhre; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Munthe-Kaas, Monica Cheng; Mowinckel, Petter; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Helms, Peter J; Gerritsen, Jorrit; Whyte, Moira K.; Lenney, Warren; Undlien, Dag Erik; Shianna, Kevin V.; Zhu, Guohua H & Pillai, Sreekumar G (2012). Alpha-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and tobacco smoke exposure: Effects on bronchial hyperresponsiveness in children. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology.  ISSN 0905-6157.  23(1), s 40- 49 . doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2011.01222.x
• Yorgancioglu, A; Ozdemir, C; Kalayci, O; Kalyconcu, A F; Bachert, C; Baena-Cagnani, C E; Casale, T B; Chen, Y Z; Cruz, A A; Demoly, P; Fokkens, W J; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Mohammad, Y; Mullol, J; Ohta, K; Papadopoulos, N G; Pawankar, R; Samolinski, B; Schünemann, H J; Yusuf, O M; Zuberbier, T & Bousquet, Jean (2012). ARIA (allerjik rinit ve astim üzerine etkisi) 10 yidaki kazanimlar ve gelecekteki gereksinimler. Turkish Journal of Tuberculosis & Thorax.  ISSN 0494-1373.  60(1), s 92- 97 . doi: 10.5578/tt.3734
• Bakkeheim, Egil; Mowinckel, Petter; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Burney, Peter & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2011). Altered oxidative state in schoolchildren with asthma and allergic rhinitis. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology.  ISSN 0905-6157.  22(2), s 178- 185 . doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2010.01092.x
• Bakkeheim, Egil; Mowinckel, Petter; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Håland, Geir & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2011). Paracetamol in early infancy: the risk of childhood allergy and asthma. Acta Paediatrica.  ISSN 0803-5253.  100(1), s 90- 96 . doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2010.01942.x
• Berntsen, Sveinung; Edvardsen, Elisabeth; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Pollestad, Magnhild Louise & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2011). Effects of posture on lung function in obese children. Clinical Respiratory Journal.  ISSN 1752-6981.  5(4), s 252- 257 . doi: 10.1111/j.1752-699X.2010.00227.x
• Bousquet, Jean; Anto, J; Auffray, C; Akdis, M; Cambon-Thomsen, A; Keil, T; Haahtela, T; Lambrecht, BN; Postma, D S.; Sunyer, J; Valenta, R; Akdis, CA; Annesi-Maesano, I; Arno, A.; Bachert, C; Ballester, F; Basagana, X; Brunekreef, B; Bindslev-Jensen, C; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Chatzi, L; Baumgartner, U; Crameri, R; Eveno, E; Forastiere, F; Garcia-Aymerich, J; Guerra, Sandra; Hammad, H; Heinrich, J; Hirsch, Daniel; Jacquemin, B; Kauffmann, F; Kerkhof, M.; Kogevinas, M; Koppelman, G.H; Kowalski, M.L.; Lau, S; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Lopez-Botet, M; Lotvall, J; Lupinek, C; Maier, D; Makela, MJ; Martinez, F.D; Mestres, J; Momas, Isabelle; Nawijn, M.C; Neubauer, A; Oddie, S; Palkonen, S; Pin, I; Rance, Fabienne; Reitamo, S; Rial-Sebbag, E; Salapatas, M; Siroux, Valérie; Torrent, M; Toskala, E; Cauwenberge, P. van; Oosterhout van, A.J.M; Varraso, R; Hertzen von, L; Wickman, M; Wijmenga, C; Worm, M; Wright, J & Zuberier, T (2011). MeDALL (Mechanisms of the Development of ALLergy): an integrated approach from phenotypes to systems medicine. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538.  66(5), s 596- 604 . doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2010.02534.x
• Bueso, Anne Elisabeth Kørner; Berntsen, Sveinung; Mowinckel, Peter; Andersen, Lene Frost; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2011). Dietary intake in adolescents with asthma - potential for improvement. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology.  ISSN 0905-6157.  22(1), s 19- 24 . doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2010.01013.x
• Bush, Andy; Pedersen, S.; Hedlin, G.; Baraldi, E.; Barbato, A; de Benedictis, F; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; De Jongste, J. C. & Piacentini, G. (2011). Pharmacological treatment of severe, therapy-resistant asthma in children: what can we learn from where?. European Respiratory Journal.  ISSN 0903-1936.  38(4), s 947- 958 . doi: 10.1183/09031936.00030711
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Hedlin, G.; Bush, A.; Wennergren, G; de Benedictis, F; De Jongste, JC; Baraldi, E; Pedroletti, C; Barbato, A; Malmstrom, K; Pohunek, P; Pedersen, S; Piacentini, GL; Middelveld, RJM & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2011). Assessment of problematic severe asthma in children. European Respiratory Journal.  ISSN 0903-1936.  37(2), s 432- 440 . doi: 10.1183/09031936.00091410
• Eber, E.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Ratjen, F.; Turner, S.W.; Dankert-Roelse, J.E.; Ross-Russell, R.I.; Midulla, F.; Aurora, P. & Hedlin, G. (2011). Paediatrics in Barcelona: highlights from the 2010 ERS Annual Congress. European Respiratory Journal.  ISSN 0903-1936.  37(6), s 1514- 1521 . doi: 10.1183/09031936.00026311
• Madsen, Christian; Gehring, Ulrike; Håberg, Siri Eldevik; Nafstad, Per; Meliefste, Kees; Nystad, Wenche; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup & Brunekreef, Bert (2011). Comparison of land-use regression models for predicting spatial NOx contrasts over a three year period in Oslo, Norway. Atmospheric Environment.  ISSN 1352-2310.  45(21), s 3576- 3583 . doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.03.069
• Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G.; Christodoulou, I; Rohde, G; Agache, I; Almqvist, C; Bruno, A; Bonini, S; Bont, L; Bossios, A; Bousquet, J; Braido, F; Brusselle, G; Canonica, GW; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Chanez, P; Fokkens, WJ; Garcia-Garcia, M; Gjomarkaj, M; Haahtela, T; Holgate, ST; Johnston, SL; Konstantinou, G; Kowalski, M; Lewandowska-Polak, A; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Mäkelä, M.; Malkusova, I; Mullol, J; Nieto, A; Eller, E; Ozdemir, C; Panzner, P; Popov, T; Psarras, S; Roumpedaki, E; Rukhadze, M; Stipic-Markovic, A; Bom, AT; Toskala, E; van Cauwenberge, P; van Drunen, C; Watelet, JB; Xatzipsalti, M; Xepapadaki, P & Zuberbier, T (2011). Viruses and bacteria in acute asthma exacerbations - A GA2LEN-DARE* systematic review. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538.  66(4), s 458- 468 . doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2010.02505.x
• Bakkeheim, Egil; Mowinckel, Petter; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Burney, P. & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2010). Reduced basal salivary cortisol in children with asthma and allergic rhinitis. Acta Paediatrica.  ISSN 0803-5253.  99(11), s 1705- 1711 . doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2009.01598.x
• Berntsen, Sveinung; Mowinckel, Petter; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Pollestad, Magnhild Louise; Joner, Geir & Anderssen, Sigmund Alfred (2010). Obese children playing towards an active lifestyle. International Journal of Pediatric Obesity.  ISSN 1747-7166.  5(1), s 64- 71 . doi: 10.3109/17477160902957166 Vis sammendrag

  Aim. To determine whether five months of guided active play in overweight or obese children and adolescents under multi-disciplinary management for weight reduction leads to increased physical activity levels in leisure time, as well as changes in aerobic fitness and body composition. Methods. Sixty overweight or obese children and adolescents were randomly assigned to an intervention or control group. All participants received dietary advice and were encouraged to increase physical activity level. The intervention group additionally participated in 60-minute guided active play/physical activity twice a week for 5 months. Physical activity was recorded; aerobic fitness and body composition were measured at inclusion and after cessation of intervention. Results. Physical activity level during weekend days was significantly higher for the intervention group compared with the controls after 5 months intervention (p=0.04). The mean reduction in percentage of body fat was 1.8% (95%CI: 0.6, 3.1) in the intervention group (p=0.04) and not significant among the controls (0.9 [−0.9, 2.7]). There was no change in aerobic fitness. Conclusion. Five months of guided active play was associated with increased physical activity levels during weekend days and reduced body fat, although weakly, in overweight and obese children and adolescents participating in multi-disciplinary weight reduction programmes.

• Bertelsen, Randi Jacobsen; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2010). Rhinitis in children: Co-morbidities and phenotypes. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology.  ISSN 0905-6157.  21(4), s 612- 622 . doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2010.01066.x
• Bertelsen, Randi Jacobsen; Carlsen, KCL; Granum, Berit; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Håland, G; Devulapalli, CS; Munthe-Kaas, MC; Mowinckel, Petter & Løvik, Martinus (2010). Do allergic families avoid keeping furry pets?. Indoor Air: International Journal of Indoor Environment and Health.  ISSN 0905-6947.  20(3), s 187- 195 . doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2009.00640.x
• Bertelsen, Randi Jacobsen; Instanes, Christine; Granum, Berit; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Hetland, Geir; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Mowinckel, Petter & Løvik, Martinus (2010). Gender differences in indoor allergen exposure and association with current rhinitis. Clinical and Experimental Allergy.  ISSN 0954-7894.  40(9), s 1388- 1397 . doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2010.03543.x
• Bertelsen, Randi Jacobsen; Lødrup Carlsen, KC; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Granum, Berit; Doekes, G; Håland, G.; Mowinckel, Petter & Løvik, Martinus (2010). Childhood asthma and early life exposure to indoor allergens, endotoxin and beta(1,3)-glucans. Clinical and Experimental Allergy.  ISSN 0954-7894.  40(2), s 307- 316 . doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2009.03424.x
• Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2010). Passiv røking lungehelse hos barn. Fagbladet Allergi i praksis.  ISSN 0806-5462.  (4), s 38- 44
• Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2010). Tidal breathing techniques. European Respiratory Monograph.  ISSN 1025-448X.  (47), s 35- 45
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Devulapalli, Chandra S.; Mowinckel, Petter; Håland, Geir; Munthe-Kaas, Monica Cheng & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2010). Lung function at 10 yrs is not improved by early corticosteroid treatment in asthmatic children. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology.  ISSN 0905-6157.  21(5), s 814- 822 . doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2009.00973.x
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Mowinckel, Petter; Granum, Berit & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2010). Can childhood asthma be predicted at birth?. Clinical and Experimental Allergy.  ISSN 0954-7894.  40(12), s 1767- 1775 . doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2010.03620.x
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Soderstrom, L.; Mowinckel, P; Håland, Geir; Pettersen, M; Munthe, M.C; Devulapalli, CS; Buchmann, M; Ahlstedt, S & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2010). Asthma prediction in school children; the value of combined IgE-antibodies and obstruction airways disease severity score*. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538.  65, s 1134- 1140 . doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2010.02344.x
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Sõderstrõm, L.; Mowinckel, Petter; Håland, Geir; Pettersen, Morten; Munthe-Kaas, Monica Cheng; Devulapalli, Chandra S.; Buchmann, M; Ahlstedt, S & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2010). Asthma prediction in school children; the value of combined IgE-antibodies and obstructive airways disease severity score. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538.  65(9), s 1134- 1140 . doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2010.02344.x
• Hedlin, G.; Bush, A; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Wennergren, G; de Benedictis, FM; Melen, E; Paton, Jimmy; Wilson, N & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2010). Problematic severe asthma in children, not one problem but many: a GA(2)LEN initiative. European Respiratory Journal.  ISSN 0903-1936.  36(1), s 196- 201 . doi: 10.1183/09031936.00104809
• Heinzerling, L.; Burbach, G.; Cauwenberge, P. van; Papageorgiou, P.; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup & Zuberbier, T (2010). Establishing a standardized quality management system for the European Health Network GA2LEN*. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538.  65(6), s 743- 752 . doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2009.02235.x
• Lang, Astri Maria; Konradsen, J; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Sachs Olsen, Christine; Mowinckel, Petter; Hedlin, G. & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2010). Identifying problematic severe asthma in the individual child - does lung function matter?. Acta Paediatrica.  ISSN 0803-5253.  99(3), s 404- 410 . doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2009.01625.x
• Lang, Astri Maria; Mowinckel, Petter; Sachs Olsen, Christine; Riiser, Amund; Lunde, Jon; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2010). Asthma severity in childhood, untangling clinical phenotypes. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology.  ISSN 0905-6157.  21(6), s 945- 953 . doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2010.01072.x
• Munthe-Kaas, Monica Cheng; Torjussen, Tale Mæhre; Gervin, Kristina; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Granum, Berit; Hjorthaug, Hanne Sagsveen; Undlien, Dag & Lyle, Robert (2010). CD14 polymorphisms and serum CD14 levels through childhood: A role for gene methylation?. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0091-6749.  125(6), s 1361- 1368 . doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.02.010
• Muraro, Antonella; Clark, Andrew; Beyer, Kirsten; Borrego, Luis Miguel; Borres, Magnus P.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Carrer, Paolo; Mazón, Angel; Rance, Fabienne; Valovirta, Elina; Wickman, Magnus & Zanchetti, Mario (2010). The management of the allergic child at school: EAACI/GA2LEN Task Force on the allergic child at school. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538.  65(6), s 681- 689 . doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2010.02343.x
• Sachs Olsen, Christine; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Mowinckel, Petter; Håland, Geir; Devulapalli, Chandra S.; Munthe-Kaas, Monica Cheng & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2010). Diagnostic value of exhaled nitric oxide in childhood asthma and allergy. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology.  ISSN 0905-6157.  21(1), s E213- E221 . doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2009.00965.x
• Sachs Olsen, Christine; Sanak, Marek; Lang, Astri Maria; Gielicz, Anna; Mowinckel, Petter; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Szczeklik, Andrzej (2010). Eoxins: A new inflammatory pathway in childhood asthma. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0091-6749.  126(4), s 859- U304 . doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.07.015
• Berntsen, S; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Hageberg, R; Aandstad, A; Mowinckel, P; Anderssen, SA & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2009). Asthma symptoms in rural living Tanzanian children; prevalence and the relation to aerobic fitness and body fat. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538.  64(8), s 1166- 1171 . doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2009.01979.x
• Berntsen, Sveinung; Mowinckel, Petter; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Pollestad, Magnhild Louise; Joner, Geir & Anderssen, Sigmund A. (2009). Obese children playing towards an active lifestyle. International Journal of Pediatric Obesity.  ISSN 1747-7166.  13, s 1- 8
• Haland, G; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Mowinckel, P; Munthe-Kaas, Monica Cheng; Devulapalli, Chandra S.; Berntsen, Sveinung & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2009). Lung function at 10 yr is not impaired by early childhood lower respiratory tract infections. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology.  ISSN 0905-6157.  20(3), s 254- 260 . doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2008.00781.x
• Berntsen Stølevik, Solvor; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Anderssen, SA; Mowinckel, P; Hageberg, R; Bueso, Anne Elisabeth Kørner & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2009). Norwegian adolescents with asthma are physical active and fit. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538.  64(3), s 421- 426 . doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2008.01845.x
• Bjørnvold, Marit; Munthe-Kaas, Monica Cheng; Egeland, Thore; Joner, Geir; Dahl-Jørgensen, Knut; Njølstad, Pål Rasmus; Akselsen, Hanne Elisabeth; Gervin, Kristina; Carlsen, Karin Cecilie Lødrup; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Undlien, Dag Erik (2009). A TLR2 polymorphism is associated with type 1 diabetes and allergic asthma. Genes and Immunity.  ISSN 1466-4879.  10(2), s 181- 187 . doi: 10.1038/gene.2008.100
• Bousquet, J.; Bachert, C; Canonica, G.W.; Casale, TB; Cruz, AA; Lockey, R; Zuberbier, T; Akdis, CA; Baena-Cagnani, C.; Bateman, ED; Bonini, S.; Boulet, LP; Bousquet, P.J.; Burney, PG; Cardell, LO; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Carsten-Jensens, B; Chen, Y; Chkhartishvili, E; Chuchalin, A; Cox, L; Custovic, A; Dahl, R.; Delgado, L; Demoly, P; Denburg, J; Dolen, WK; Dubakiene, R; El-Gamal, Y; Fokkens, W.J.; Fukada, T; Wijk, R. G. van; Gjomarkaj, M; Haahtela, T; Hamelmann, E; Holgate, S.T.; Howarth, P; Ivancevich, J.C.; Jensen-Jarolim, E; Kalayci, O; Kaliner, M; Kim, YY; Kowalski, M.L.; Le, L; Lee, BW; Leynaert, B; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Meltzer, EO; Mohammad, Y; Morais-Almeida, M; Mullol, J; Naclerio, R; Nizankowska-Mogilnicka, E; O'Hehir, RE; Ohta, K; Okamoto, Y; Papadopoulos, N; Park, HS; Passalacqua, G; Pawankar, R; Popov, T.; Potter, P; Price, D; Rabe, KF; Rodriguez-Perez, N; Romano, A; Rosenwasser, L.J.; Ryan, D; Salapatas, M; Sanchez-Borges, M; Scadding, G; Schmid-Grendelmeier, PD; Simons, FER; Todo-Bom, A; Toskala, E; Valovirta, E; Cauwenberge, P. van; Weel, C van; Vandenplas, O; Vichyanond, P; Wang, DY; Wickman, M; Yorgancioglu, A; Yusuf, O; Zar, H; Zhong, N; Zitt, M & Zock, JP (2009). Unmet needs in severe chronic upper airway disease (SCUAD). Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0091-6749.  124(3), s 428- 433 . doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.06.027
• Bousquet, J; Burney, PG; Zuberbier, T; van Cauwenberge, P; Akdis, CA; Bindslev-Jensen, C; Bonini, S; Fokkens, WJ; Kauffmann, F; Kowalski, ML; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Mullol, J; Nizankowska-Mogilnicka, E; Papadopoulos, N; Toskala, E; Wickman, M; Anto, J; Auvergne, N; Bachert, C; Bousquet, PJ; Brunekreef, B; Canonica, GW; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Gjomarkaj, M; Haahtela, T; Howarth, P; Lenzen, G; Lotvall, J; Radon, K; Ring, J; Salapatas, M; Schunemann, HJ; Szczecklik, A; Todo-Bom, A; Valovirta, E; von Mutius, E & Zock, JP (2009). GA(2)LEN (Global Allergy and Asthma European Network) addresses the allergy and asthma 'epidemic'. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538.  64(7), s 969- 977 . doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2009.02059.x
• Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2009). Alvorlig problematisk astma hos barn. Forekomst, kliniske karakteristika (fenotyper) og særlige hensyn. Fagbladet Allergi i praksis.  ISSN 0806-5462.  (2), s 8- 11
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Haland, G & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2009). Natural history of lung function in health and diseases. Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 1528-4050.  9(2), s 146- 150 . doi: 10.1097/ACI.0b013e3283292243
• Pillai, Sreekumar G.; Ge, Dongliang; Zhu, Guohua; Kong, Xiangyang; Shianna, Kevin V.; Need, Anna C.; Feng, Sheng; Hersh, Craig P.; Bakke, Per S.; Gulsvik, Amund; Ruppert, Andreas; Carlsen, Karin Cecilie Lødrup; Roses, Allen; Anderson, Wayne; Rennard, Stephen I.; Lomas, David A.; Silverman, Edwin K. & Goldstein, David B. (2009). A genome-wide association study in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): Identification of two major susceptibility loci. PLoS Genetics.  ISSN 1553-7390.  5(3) . doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000421 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Spyridaki, Irini S.; Christodoulou, Ioannis; de Beer, Lieke; Hovland, Vegard; Kurowski, Marcin; Olszewska-Ziaber, Agnieszka; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; van Drunen, Cornelis M.; Kowalski, Marek L.; Molenkamp, Richard & Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G. (2009). Comparison of four nasal sampling methods for the detection of viral pathogens by RT-PCR-A GA(2)LEN project. Journal of Virological Methods.  ISSN 0166-0934.  156(1-2), s 102- 106 . doi: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2008.10.027
• Devulapalli, CS; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Haland, G; Munthe-Kaas, Monica Cheng; Pettersen, M; Mowinckel, P & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2008). Severity of obstructive airways disease by age 2 years predicts asthma at 10 years of age. Thorax.  ISSN 0040-6376.  63, s 8- 13 . doi: 10.1136/thx.2006.060616
• Lang, A; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Haaland, G; Devulapalli, CS; Munthe-Kaas, Monica Cheng; Mowinckel, P & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2008). Severe asthma in childhood: assessed in 10 year olds in a birth cohort study. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538.  63, s 1054- 1060 . doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2008.01672.x
• Bousquet, J; Fokkens, W; Burney, P; Durham, SR; Bachert, C; Akdis, CA; Canonica, GW; Dahlen, SE; Zuberbier, T; Bieber, T; Bonini, S; Bousquet, PJ; Brozek, JL; Cardell, LO; Crameri, R; Custovic, A; Demoly, P; van Wijk, RG; Gjomarkaj, M; Holland, C; Howarth, P; Humbert, M; Johnston, SL; Kauffmann, F; Kowalski, ML; Lambrecht, B; Lehmann, S; Leynaert, B; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Mullol, J; Niggemann, B; Nizankowska-Mogilnicka, E; Papadopoulos, N; Passalacqua, G; Schunemann, HJ; Simon, HU; Todo-Bom, A; Toskala, E; Valenta, R; Wickman, M & Zock, JP (2008). Important research questions in allergy and related diseases: nonallergic rhinitis: a GA(2)LEN paper. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538.  63, s 842- 853 . doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2008.01715.x
• Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2008). Pharmaceutical treatment strategies for childhood asthma. Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 1528-4050.  8
• Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2008). Respiratory effects of tobacco smoking on infants and young children. Paediatric Respiratory Reviews.  ISSN 1526-0550.  9, s 11- 20 . doi: 10.1016/j.prrv.2007.11.007
• Eller, E; Roll, S; Chen, CM; Herbarth, O; Wichmann, HE; von Berg, A; Kramer, U; Mommers, M; Thijs, C; Wijga, A; Brunekreef, B; Fantini, MP; Bravi, F; Forastiere, F; Porta, D; Sunyer, J; Torrent, M; Host, A; Halken, S; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Wickman, M; Kull, I; Wahn, U; Willich, SN; Lau, S; Keil, T & Heinrich, J (2008). Meta-analysis of determinants for pet ownership in 12 European birth cohorts on asthma and allergies: a GA(2)LEN initiative. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538.  63, s 1491- 1498 . doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2008.01790.x
• Munthe-Kaas, Monica Cheng; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Håland, Geir; Devulapalli, Chandra S.; Gervin, Kristina; Egeland, Thore; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup & Undlien, Dag Erik (2008). T cell–specific T-box transcription factor haplotype is associated with allergic asthma in children. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0091-6749.  121 . doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2007.07.068 Vis sammendrag

  BACKGROUND: T cell-specific T-box transcription factor (T-bet) is a member of the T-box family of transcription factors regulating lineage commitment of T(H) lymphocytes toward a predominant T(H)1 phenotype. Asthma and allergy are common complex diseases characterized by T(H)2-mediated inflammation. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to assess possible relationships between the T-bet gene (TBX21) and asthma and allergy in children. METHOD: Twelve single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TBX21 region were genotyped in 948 children from the Environment and Childhood Asthma study. Allele and haplotype frequencies were compared in children with and without asthma (by 10 years) and allergy (>/=1 positive skin prick test response), as well as for the quantitative traits bronchial hyperresponsiveness determined by means of methacholine bronchial challenge testing, lung function determined by means of forced flow volume loops, fractional exhaled nitric oxide measurement, eosinophil count, and serum total IgE level. RESULTS: Allergic asthma was significantly associated with 2 of the tested SNPs (rs11650354 and rs16947078) and further associated with the particular haplotype including these SNPs, with homozygote status resulting in an odds ratio of 8.3 (95% CI, 2.5-26.9) for allergic asthma. Neither nonallergic asthma or "allergy alone" nor the remaining quantitative variables were associated with TBX21 SNPs or haplotypes. CONCLUSION: An association between a specific TBX21 haplotype and allergic asthma in children is demonstrated for the first time and might explain previously detected associations between SNPs within TBX21 and asthma and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: T-bet genetics might identify individuals at risk for allergic asthma

• Zhu, G; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Lenney, W; Silverman, M; Whyte, M. K.; Hosking, L.; Helms, Peter J; Roses, A. D.; Hay, D. W.; Barnes, M. R.; Anderson, W. & Pillai, S. G. (2008). Polymorphisms in the endothelin-1 (EDN1) are associated with asthma in two populations. Genes and Immunity.  ISSN 1466-4879.  9(1), s 23- 29 . doi: 10.1038/sj.gene.6364441 Vis sammendrag

  Endothelin-1 (EDN1) has been reported to be implicated in the pathophysiology of asthma. Literature results on the genetic association of EDN1 in asthma are inconsistent. Eleven single nucleotide polymorphisms in EDN1 were genotyped in 342 and 100 families from UK and Norway, respectively. Asthma, bronchial hyperreactivity (BHR) and atopic asthma phenotypes were analyzed for the family-based association. Five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were associated with asthma (0.0017P0.0291), five with BHR (0.0026P0.0315) and three with atopic asthma (0.0016P0.041) in the UK population. Three SNPs were associated with asthma (0.0041P0.019), seven with BHR (0.0018P0.041) and two with atopic asthma (0.0123P0.0153) in the Norwegian population. A polymorphism (rs1800541) in the promoter region of EDN1 was replicated in the two populations. A nonsynonymous coding polymorphism (rs5370) resulting in a change of amino acid Asn to Lys at position 198 was also replicated. The results of haplotype-based association analyses strongly supported the ones of single SNP associations. This study demonstrates the significant evidence of association between polymorphisms in EDN1 and asthma

• Devulapalli, Chandra S.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Håland, Geir; Munthe-Kaas, Monica Cheng; Pettersen, Morten; Mowinckel, Petter & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2007). No evidence that early use of inhaled corticosteroids reduces current asthma at 10 years of age. Respiratory Medicine.  ISSN 0954-6111.  101, s 1625- 1632 . doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2007.03.011 Vis sammendrag

  Background It is debated whether early treatment with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) can change the natural course of childhood asthma. Aim To assess if ICS treatment before 2 years of age in children with obstructive airways disease reduces current asthma at 10 years of age. Methods Children with (n=233) and without (n=219) recurrent (r) bronchial obstruction (BO) attending clinical examination at 2 years of age in the birth cohort Environment and Childhood Asthma study in Oslo, were reinvestigated at 10 years of age. Current asthma (CA) at 10 years was defined as asthma with either symptoms and/or asthma treatment during the last year, and/or 10% fall in forced expired volume in 1 s after standardized treadmill run. The risk of CA was assessed by logistic regression and propensity modelling (including gender, parental atopy and severity score at 2 years) in children with rBO who received ICS or not by 2 years. Results CA was found in 97 children, more often among rBO children with (56.9%) and without ICS treatment (30.8%) compared to no-BO children (5.5%) (p<0.001). In rBO children logistic regression analyses (adjusted odds ratio aOR (95% confidence interval)) identified male gender (aOR 1.82 (1.01–3.27), p=0.046) and severity score at 2 years 1.14 (1.03–1.28), (p=0.01), as significant and ICS treatment as non-significant 2.00 (0.98–4.12) risk factors for CA. With propensity modelling adjusting for disease severity, ICS treatment by 2 years caused a non-significant increased risk aOR of CA of 1.84 (0.89–3.82). Conclusion No evidence was found that early use of ICS before age two in children with rBO reduces current asthma 8 years later.

• Håland, Geir; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Devulapalli, Chandra S.; Pettersen, Morten; Mowinckel, Petter & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2007). Lung function development in the first 2 yr of life is independent of allergic diseases by 2 yr. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology.  ISSN 0905-6157.  18(6), s 528- 534 . doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2007.00555.x Vis sammendrag

  The aim of the study was to assess if lung function at birth predicts lung function at 2 yr and secondly, if lung function development was influenced by the common phenotypes of recurrent bronchial obstruction (rBO) or atopic eczema (AE) by 2 yr. Lung function was assessed at birth (n = 802) and at 2 yr within the prospective birth cohort study ‘the Environment and Childhood Asthma Study’ in Oslo. The 135 children with lung function measured at birth by tidal flow volume (TFV) loops and passive respiratory mechanics, who were included in a nested case–control study were reinvestigated at 2 yr with clinical examination, TFV loops (n = 90) (mean age 26.6 (3.7 s.d.) months), skin prick test and parental interview. Children were categorized into quartiles (lower, middle two, upper) according to time to peak tidal expiratory flow/total expiratory time (tPTEF/tE) at birth as well as clinical phenotype based on the presence of rBO and/or AE (ever) by 2 yr. The observed reduction in mean tPTEF/tE from birth to 2 yr within the quartiles, were not significantly different after controlling for ‘regression to the mean’. tPTEF/tE at birth correlated significantly with tPTEF/tE at 2 yr, (r = 0.475, p < 0.001). Children with both rBO and AE by 2 yr had significantly lower tPTEF/tE at 2 yr (p = 0.002) and at birth (p = 0.027), compared with children with no rBO or AE. Clinical phenotype at 2 yr did not influence the change in tPTEF/tE from birth to 2 yr. This study demonstrates a clear tracking of lung function from birth, not influenced by rBO or AE by 2 yr.

• Madsen, Christian; Hoek, Gerard; Oftedal, Bente Margaret; Nafstad, Per; Meliefste, Kees; Jacobsen, Randi; Nystad, Wenche; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Brunekreef, Bert (2007). Modeling the intra-urban variability of outdoor traffic pollution in Oslo, Norway - A GA(2)LEN project. Atmospheric Environment.  ISSN 1352-2310.  41(35), s 7500- 7511 . doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.05.039
• Munthe-Kaas, Monica Cheng; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Egeland, T; Håland, Geir; Devulapalli, Chandra S.; Akselsen, Hanne Elisabeth & Undlien, Dag Erik (2007). HLA Dr-Dq haplotypes and the TNFA-308 polymorphism: associations with asthma and allergy. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538.  62(9), s 991- 998 . doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2007.01377.x Vis sammendrag

  Background: The HLA (human leukocyte antigen) class II genes DQB1 and DRB1 and the Tumor Necrosis Factor α gene (TNFA) within the HLA complex (chromosome 6p21) have been associated with asthma and allergy. Due to the strong linkage disequilibrium characterizing this complex and the multiple asthma/allergy expressions, we aimed to determine which of these genes were primarily involved in specific asthma/allergy traits. Methods: The DRB1–DQB1 alleles and TNFA-308 polymorphism were genotyped in 959 children from the Environment and Childhood Asthma study and analyzed for possible associations with allergic and non-allergic asthma (with/without at least one positive skin prick test for allergens) and specific allergic sensitization, as well as bronchial hyperresponsiveness and total IgE, using both allele and extended haplotype analyses. Results: Different genes within the HLA complex were associated with separate asthma and allergy traits. Nonallergic asthma was associated with both the TNFA-308A allele [Odds ratio (OR) 1.7 (1.3–2.3)] and DRB1*03 allele [OR 1.6(1–2.6)], but extended DRB1*03-TNFA-308 haplotype analysis suggested that the DRB1–DQB1 association was secondary to linkage disequilibrium with the TNFA-308 polymorphism. Allergies were associated with HLA class II alleles only; birch sensitization with DQB1*0603-DRB1*13 [OR 2.3 (1.4–4.0)] and mugwort sensitization with DQB1*0609-DRB1*13 [OR 7.1 (1.9–27.0)] and DQB1*0501-DRB1*01 [OR 2.0 (1.0–4.0)]. Conclusions: Our data suggests that asthma is not associated with DRB1 or DQB1 but rather TNFA or a gene(s) in linkage disequilibrium, while sensitization to specific allergens is associated with particular alleles at the DQ and/or DR loci. A novel association between DQB1*0603-DRB1*13 and birch allergy is identified

• Munthe-Kaas, Monica Cheng; Gerritsen, J.; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Undlien, Dag Erik; Egeland, T; Skinningsrud, Beate; Tørres, T. & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2007). Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) polymorphisms and association with asthma, s-ECP levels and related phenotypes. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538.  62(4), s 429- 436 . doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2007.01327.x Vis sammendrag

  Background: Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) is a potent cytotoxic secretory protein with bactericidal and antiviral properties. ECP is released by activated eosinophils and regarded as a marker of eosinophilic inflammation. High levels of ECP have been reported in cases of active asthma and other allergic diseases. This study aimed to assess whether three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the ECP gene (RNASE3) on chromosome 14 q24–q31 or their haplotypes are associated with asthma, allergy, or related phenotypes. Methods: The three SNPs −38CA, +371CG and +499CG in RNASE3 and their haplotypes were analyzed for associations with asthma, serum-ECP (s-ECP) levels, allergic sensitization (positive skin-prick test to common allergens), bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) assessed by methacholine inhalation, and serum-IgE (s-IgE) levels in 177 families from Norway and the Netherlands identified through siblings with asthma. Results: Transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) demonstrated significant associations between the A-G-G haplotype and asthma as well as the specific phenotypes allergic asthma (but not non-allergic asthma), high s-ECP, high s-IgE and BHR, while the C-G-G haplotype was associated with reduced occurrence of these traits. In addition, the −38A allele was associated with high s-ECP levels and allergic asthma. Conclusion: The present study suggests that the A-G-G haplotype in the RNASE3 gene influences the development of asthma, in particular, an allergic form of asthma. Furthermore, as the −38CA SNP lies in close vicinity of known intron-regulatory sites, results of SNP analysis suggest that the detected association is possibly linked to a genetic transcriptional control of s-ECP levels.

• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2006). Miljø og barneastmastudien i Oslo. Fagbladet Allergi i praksis.  ISSN 0806-5462.
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Håland, Geir; Devulapalli, Chandra Sekhar; Munthe-Kaas, Monica Cheng; Pettersen, Morten; Granum, B.; Løvik, M. & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2006). Asthma in every fifth child in Oslo, Norway: a 10-year follow up of a birth cohort study. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538.  61, s 454- 460 . doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2005.00938 Vis sammendrag

  Background: The western world's increase in childhood asthma is suggested to level off. We aimed to investigate asthma prevalence in 10-year-old children within the prospective birth cohort Environment and Childhood Asthma (ECA) Study in Oslo established in 1992/1993. Subjects and methods: Six hundred and sixteen (77%) of 803 children (mean age 10.9 ± 0.9 (SD) years) with lung function measurements at birth were reinvestigated at age 10 years. At birth they corresponded to the entire birth cohort (n = 3754) regarding gender, socio-demographic factors, parental allergic diseases, pet keeping and maternal smoking. Results from structured parental interview, spirometry, and skin prick test for inhalant and food allergens are presented. Asthma definition required minimum two positive criteria, (i) doctor's diagnosis of asthma, (ii) wheeze and/or chest tightness, (iii) use of anti-asthmatic treatment. Current asthma required asthma definition plus either (ii) and/or (iii) in the last 12 months, and/or ≥10% fall in forced expired volume in 1 s after treadmill running. Results: Lifetime prevalence of asthma was 20.2%; current asthma 11.1%, doctor diagnosis of asthma 16.1% and wheezes ever 30.3%. Allergic sensitization (29.3% overall) was more common among children with current (56.3%) compared to asymptomatic (last 12 months) (26.0%) or no asthma (27.6%) (P < 0.001). Boys more often than girls had current asthma (14.4 vs 7.1%, P = 0.004), wheeze ever (36.9 vs 22.5%, P = 0.002) and allergic sensitization (36.2 vs 22.1%, respectively, P < 0.001).

• Haland, G; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Sandvik, L; Devulapalli, Chandra S.; Munthe-Kaas, Monica Cheng; Pettersen, M & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2006). Reduced Lung Function at Birth and the Risk of Asthma at 10 Years of Age. New England Journal of Medicine.  ISSN 0028-4793.  355(16), s 1682- 1689 Vis sammendrag

  Background Reduced lung function in early infancy has been associated with later obstructive airway diseases. We assessed whether reduced lung function shortly after birth predicts asthma 10 years later. Methods We conducted a prospective birth cohort study of healthy infants in which we measured lung function shortly after birth with the use of tidal breathing flow-volume loops (the fraction of expiratory time to peak tidal expiratory flow to total expiratory time [tPTEF/tE]) in 802 infants and passive respiratory mechanics, including respiratory-system compliance, in 664 infants. At 10 years of age, 616 children (77%) were reassessed by measuring lung function, exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (by means of a methacholine challenge) and by conducting a structured interview to determine whether there was a history of asthma or current asthma. Results As compared with children whose tPTEF/tE shortly after birth was above the median, children whose tPTEF/tE was at or below the median were more likely at 10 years of age to have a history of asthma (24.3% vs. 16.2%, P=0.01), to have current asthma (14.6% vs. 7.5%, P=0.005), and to have severe bronchial hyperresponsiveness, defined as a methacholine dose of less than 1.0 µmol causing a 20% fall in the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) (9.1% vs. 4.9%, P=0.05). As compared with children whose respiratory-system compliance was above the median, children with respiratory compliance at or below the median more often had a history of asthma (27.4% vs. 14.8%; P=0.001) and current asthma (15.0% vs. 7.7%, P=0.009), although this measure was not associated with later measurements of lung function. At 10 years of age, tPTEF/tE at birth correlated weakly with the maximal midexpiratory flow rate (r=0.10, P=0.01) but not with FEV1 or forced vital capacity.

• Lødrup Carlsen, Karin Cecilie; Håland, Geir; Devulapalli, Chandra S.; Munthe-Kaas, Monica; Pettersen, Morten; Granum, Berit; Løvik, Martinus & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2006). Asthma in every fifth child in Oslo, Norway: a 10-year follow up of a birth cohort study. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538.  61(4), s 454- 460 . doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2005.00938.x Vis sammendrag

  BACKGROUND: The western world's increase in childhood asthma is suggested to level off. We aimed to investigate asthma prevalence in 10-year-old children within the prospective birth cohort Environment and Childhood Asthma (ECA) Study in Oslo established in 1992/1993. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Six hundred and sixteen (77%) of 803 children (mean age 10.9 +/- 0.9 (SD) years) with lung function measurements at birth were reinvestigated at age 10 years. At birth they corresponded to the entire birth cohort (n = 3754) regarding gender, socio-demographic factors, parental allergic diseases, pet keeping and maternal smoking. Results from structured parental interview, spirometry, and skin prick test for inhalant and food allergens are presented. Asthma definition required minimum two positive criteria, (i) doctor's diagnosis of asthma, (ii) wheeze and/or chest tightness, (iii) use of anti-asthmatic treatment. Current asthma required asthma definition plus either (ii) and/or (iii) in the last 12 months, and/or > or = 10% fall in forced expired volume in 1 s after treadmill running. RESULTS: Lifetime prevalence of asthma was 20.2%; current asthma 11.1%, doctor diagnosis of asthma 16.1% and wheezes ever 30.3%. Allergic sensitization (29.3% overall) was more common among children with current (56.3%) compared to asymptomatic (last 12 months) (26.0%) or no asthma (27.6%) (P < 0.001). Boys more often than girls had current asthma (14.4 vs 7.1%, P = 0.004), wheeze ever (36.9 vs 22.5%, P = 0.002) and allergic sensitization (36.2 vs 22.1%, respectively, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Childhood asthma apparently continues to increase in Oslo, having affected every fifth 10-year-old child.

• Lødrup Carlsen, Karin Cecilie; Løvik, Martinus; Granum, Berit; Mowinckel, Petter & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2006). Soluble CD14 at 2 yr of age: Gender-related effects of tobacco smoke exposure, recurrent infections and atopic diseases. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology.  ISSN 0905-6157.  17(4), s 304- 312 . doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2006.00412.x Vis sammendrag

  The endotoxin receptor soluble CD14 (sCD14) has been implicated in the 'hygiene hypothesis' suggesting reduced allergic sensitization with bacterial stimulation. However, the relationship between early life sCD14 and allergic diseases is conflicting. We aimed to investigate whether possible risk factors for allergic diseases were associated with sCD14 levels at 2 yr of age. In the nested case-control study of the birth cohort studies 'Environment and Childhood Asthma study in Oslo' 411 children selected with recurrent bronchial obstruction (rBO) (n=241) and no bronchial obstruction (n=170) by 2 yr were investigated with skin prick test and structured parental interview at age 2 yr. Exposure to tobacco smoke, pets and infections was recorded semi-annually by questionnaires (0-2 yr). The sCD14 was analysed from frozen, stored serum by ELISA technique. Regression analyses were performed in all subjects with complete data (n=406, 180 girls), and in girls and in boys separately. Mean sCD14 (ng/ml) was significantly higher among girls 2035 (1973-2096) vs. 1947 (1890-2004) (boys). The sCD14 was significantly reduced among girls exposed to antenatal maternal smoking and with parental asthma, after adjusting for age, parental rhino-conjunctivitis, pet keeping and childhood infections. Recurrent otitis media (OM) increased and common colds significantly decreased sCD14 levels in girls. Boys with atopic dermatitis and rBO had reduced sCD14. Pet exposure was not significantly associated with sCD14. We report novel gender-related effects of sCD14 in early life and suggest that gender, tobacco smoke exposure, age and middle ear disease in particular should be accounted for when assessing the role of sCD14 in childhood allergic diseases.

• Munthe-Kaas, Monica Cheng; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Skinningsrud, Beate; Håland, Geir; Devulapalli, Chandra S.; Pettersen, Morten & Eiklid, Kristin Louise (2006). CFTR gene mutations and asthma in the Norwegian Environment and Childhood Asthma study. Respiratory Medicine.  ISSN 0954-6111.  100(12), s 2121- 2128 . doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2006.03.026 Vis sammendrag

  Summary Background Several candidate genes have been implicated in the etiology of asthma, including the gene coding for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). Mutations in the CFTR gene result in derangements of mucociliary clearance. Homozygotes for CFTR mutations develop cystic fibrosis (CF), a disorder characterized mainly by lung and pancreas disease. Objective To investigate whether there was an increased frequency of CFTR mutations in asthma patients. Methods Seven hundred and three subjects aged 10–11 years from the environment and childhood asthma (ECA) study were included in the present study. Possible associations between asthma, reduced lung function, bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR), and increased or decreased nitrogen oxide (NO) levels (based on structural parental interview, spirometry, PD20 methacholine challenge test and exhaled NO measurements), and the five most common CFTR mutations in Norway (ΔF508, R117H, R117C, 4005+2T→C, 394delTT), the modulating polymorphisms IVS8(TG)mTn and the IVS8-5T were investigated. Results No association were found between asthma, reduced lung function, BHR or exhaled NO levels and CF heterozygosity. However, the IVS8(TG)11T7 haplotype was associated with normal lung function. Conclusions Our results do not support the hypothesis that CFTR mutations or polymorphisms play a role in the pathogenesis of asthma in children. However, the distribution of Tn(TG)m haplotypes differed between individuals with reduced lung function and individuals with normal lung function

• Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2005). Parental Smoking and Childhood Asthma: Clinical Implications. Treatments in Respiratory Medicine.  ISSN 1176-3450.  4(5), s 337- 346 Vis sammendrag

  Environmental tobacco smoke and constituents are global risks for human health. Considerable evidence shows that environmental tobacco smoke exposure contributes to, and exacerbates, respiratory disorders. This review assesses the causal role of environmental tobacco smoke exposure for childhood respiratory disorders, and in particular asthma. Tobacco smoke and environmental tobacco smoke exposure during pregnancy have an effect upon lung function in newborn infants; exposure after birth also has an effect upon lung function. An effect upon bronchial responsiveness has been suggested but the evidence is not as strong as for lung function. From 1997 to 1999 a comprehensive set of systematic reviews concerning the relationship between exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and respiratory health in children summarized the results from hundreds of published papers. The evidence for a causal relationship between environmental tobacco smoke exposure and asthmatic symptoms on the one hand, and between environmental tobacco smoke exposure and reduction in lung function on the other hand, was quite strong, whereas the evidence between environmental tobacco smoke exposure and development of allergy was much weaker. Here we present an overview of the effects of environmental tobacco smoke exposure on lung health in children. A hypothesis has been put forward regarding upregulation of pulmonary neuroendocrine cells in relationship to mechanisms of tobacco smoke products (TSP)-induced pulmonary disease. It has also been reported that genetic variation makes part of the population especially vulnerable to environmental tobacco smoke exposure during pregnancy. Furthermore, there is a need for intervention to reduce environmental tobacco smoke exposure in young children, by educating parents and adolescents about the health effects of environmental tobacco smoke exposure. Studies are needed to identify possible critical periods when environmental tobacco smoke exposure is more likely to induce harmful effects on lung health in young children in order to implement effective preventive strategies.

• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Stick, S.; Kamin, W; Cirule, I; Hughes, Simon & Wixon, C. (2005). The efficacy and safety of fluticasone propionate in very young children with persistent asthma symptoms. Respiratory Medicine.  ISSN 0954-6111.  22
• Størdal, Ketil; JOHANNESDOTTIR, GROA; Bentsen, Beint Sigmund; Knudsen, Per Kristian; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Closs, O; Handeland, Martin; Holm, HK & Sandvik, L (2005). Acid suppression does not change respiratory symptoms in children with asthma and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Archives of Disease in Childhood.  ISSN 0003-9888.  90(9), s 956- 960
• Heinzerling, L.; Frew, A.J.; Bindslev-Jensen, C.; Bonini, S.; Bousquet, J.; Bresciani, M.; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Cauwenberge, P. van; Darsow, U.; Fokkens, W.J.; Haahtela, T; Hoecke, H.; Jessberger, B.; Kowalski, M.; Kopp, T.; Lahoz, C.N.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Papadopoulos, NG; Ring, J; Schmid-Grendelmeier, P; Vignola, AM; Wohrl, S & Zuberbier, T (2005). Standard skin prick testing and sensitization to inhalant allergens across Europe - a survey from the GA(2)LEN network. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538.  60(10), s 1287- 1300 Vis sammendrag

  Skin prick testing (SPT) is the standard method for diagnosing allergic sensitization but is to some extent performed differently in clinical centres across Europe. There would be advantages in harmonizing the standard panels of allergens used in different European countries, both for clinical purposes and for research, especially with increasing mobility within Europe and current trends in botany and agriculture. As well as improving diagnostic accuracy, this would allow better comparison of research findings in European allergy centres. We have compared the different SPT procedures operating in 29 allergy centres within the Global Allergy and Asthma European Network (GA(2)LEN). Standard SPT is performed similarly in all centres, e.g. using commercial extracts, evaluation after 15-20 min exposure with positive results defined as a wheal >3 mm diameter. The perennial allergens included in the standard SPT panel of inhalant allergens are largely similar (e.g. cat: pricked in all centres; dog: 26 of 29 centres and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus: 28 of 29 centres) but the choice of pollen allergens vary considerably, reflecting different exposure and sensitization rates for regional inhalant allergens. This overview may serve as reference for the practising doctor and suggests a GA(2)LEN Pan-European core SPT panel

• Njå, Frode; Nystad, Wenche; Hetlevik, Ø.; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2005). Effects of early intake of fruit or vegetables in relation to later asthma and allergic sensitization in school-age children. Acta Paediatrica.  ISSN 0803-5253.  94(2), s 145- 154 Vis sammendrag

  AIM: To assess the associations between nutrition supplements in infancy and later asthma and allergy in school-age children, and to explore the impact of environmental factors in early life. METHODS: Five hundred and two children underwent clinical examination, skin prick test and a second parentally completed questionnaire within 2 y of a cross-sectional questionnairebased study, including 4585 primary school children (6-16 y old) in 1994 from urban Oslo (37%), the mountainous area of Hallingdal (42%), and the industrial, coastal area of Odda (21%). The children were selected from the 1994 survey on the basis of reported diagnosed asthma (n=166), wheeze in the last 12 mo (n=155) and no asthma/no wheeze (n=181). Questions were related to nutrition and environmental exposure in early life. Possible associations between allergic sensitization or asthma at school age and exposures were estimated by logistic regression analysis, adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS: Daily intake of fresh fruit or vegetables, but not extra vitamins or cod liver oil supplements, in infancy decreased the risk of asthma (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.57 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.37-0.88). Early supplements of cod liver oil and extra vitamins were associated with increased allergic sensitization (aOR 1.78 (95% CI: 1.03-3.07) and 1.71 (95% CI: 1.01-2.88), respectively). A significantly higher prevalence of allergic sensitization was found in children living in Hallingdal compared to Odda, while the latter children, on the other hand, had the highest prevalence of house dust mite allergy (p = 0.001 vs Hallingdal and p = 0.04 vs Oslo). CONCLUSION: The present study suggests that the early introduction of daily fresh fruit or vegetables may decrease the risk of asthma after 1 y of life, whereas allergic sensitization at school age seemed to increase with extra vitamin and cod liver oil supplements during infancy. Living area influenced allergic sensitization, with differences between coastal and inland areas.

• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Pettersen, Morten & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2004). Is bronchodilator response in 2-yr-old children associated with asthma risk factors?. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology.  ISSN 0905-6157.  15(4), s 323- 330 Vis sammendrag

  Factors that might influence lung function bronchodilator response by 2 yr of age is largely unknown, thus we aimed to assess this in the 'Environment and Childhood asthma' (ECA) study in Oslo. A clinical investigation at mean age 26 months was attended by 516 (84%) children included in a nested case-control study [children with recurrent bronchial obstruction (rBO)] (n = 265) and controls without a history of lower respiratory disease (n = 251). Tidal lung function measures before and after inhaled nebulized salbutamol (bronchodilator response) (when clinically without BO) were obtained in 46%. Clinical characteristics and personal and family history of allergic/respiratory diseases (asthma risk factors) were ascertained by structured interview and clinical examination. Allergic sensitization was assessed by skin prick test/specific IgE antibody analyses to common allergens. Mean (95% CI) per cent change in time to reach peak flow/total expiratory time (tPTEF/tE) from before to after salbutamol was significantly larger in children with rBO [17.3 (9.4-25.3) than controls (2.2 (7.7 to 3.0)]. The bronchodilator response increased significantly (p = 0.001) with increasing number of asthma risk factors, but was not significantly associated with allergic sensitization, parental 'atopy', or maternal smoking alone. Children treated with inhaled corticosteroids had greater bronchodilator response than those treated with bronchodilators alone. Bronchodilator response in asymptomatic 2-yr-old children was most closely associated with the presence of rBO, but increasing number of asthma risk factors and treatment with inhaled corticosteroids were associated with increased bronchodilator response

• Devulapalli, Chandra S.; Håland, Geir; Pettersen, Morten; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2004). Effect of inhaled steroids on lung function in young children: a cohort study. European Respiratory Journal.  ISSN 0903-1936.  6(23), s 869- 875 Vis sammendrag

  The objectives of the present study were to determine the use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) for treating recurrent bronchial obstruction (rBO) in young children up to 2 yrs of age and to assess possible modifying effects of ICS on lung function in young children with rBO. From an observational, noninterventional birth cohort of 3,754 newborn children (3,697 with complete questionnaire data by 2 yrs of age), 306 children with documented rBO by age 2 yrs (cases) were identified along with 306 matched controls. Two tidal flow/volume measurements were taken, one at presentation of disease (children were steroid naive) and one at 2 yrs of age (mean age 11.2 and 25.6 months, respectively), from: 21 cases who subsequently received ICS (ICS+); 33 who did not (ICS-); and in 15 controls. The mean +/- SD duration of ICS treatment was 10.3 +/- 6.5 months. The main outcomes were treatment with ICS and baseline ratio of time to peak expiratory flow/total expiratory time (tPTEF/tE). From the entire cohort, 77 children (2.1%) and 21% of children with rBO had received ICS by 2 yrs of age. Baseline tPTEF/tE was significantly lower at the first visit only in ICS+ as compared to ICS- subjects, as well as in ICS+ and ICS- as compared to controls. The mean difference in baseline tPTEF/tE from first to second visit was borderline statistically significant in the ICS+ group only and correlated significantly with duration of ICS treatment. The present observational cohort study demonstrated that one-fifth of young children with recurrent bronchial obstruction had received inhaled corticosteroids. Early inhaled corticosteroid treatment improved lung function by age 2 yrs, mostly in those with the longest duration of treatment.

• Håland, Geir; Melby, Kjetil K.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Skar, Anne Grete; Pettersen, Morten & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2004). Are Chlamydia Pneumoniae and Mycoplasma Pheumoniae serum antibodies associated with obstructive airways disease in 2 year old children?. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.  ISSN 1073-449X.  169(7), s A148
• Munthe-Kaas, Monica Cheng; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Helms, Peter J; Gerritsen, J.; Whyte, Moira; Feijen, Marlies; Skinningsrud, Beate; Main, Margaret; Kwong, Georges Ng Man; Lie, Benedicte Alexandra; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup & Undlien, Dag Erik (2004). CTLA-4 polymorphisms in allergy and asthma and the T(H)1/T(H)2 paradigm. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0091-6749.  114, s 280- 287
• Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2002). Exersice-induced asthma. Paediatric Respiratory Reviews.  ISSN 1526-0550.  3, s 154- 160
• Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2002). Sports Medicine, the lung and growing up, In Andy Bush; Kai-Håkon Carlsen & M. Zach (ed.),  European Respiratory Monograph: Growing up with lung disease. The lung in transition from childhood to adulthood.  European Respiratory Monograph.  ISBN 1-904097-22-7.  s 174 - 188
• Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2002). Sports medicine, the lung and growing up. European Respiratory Monograph.  ISSN 1025-448X.  7, s 174- 188
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2002). Lungefunksjonsmålinger hos spedbarn og småbarn. Fagbladet Allergi i praksis.  ISSN 0806-5462.  3, s 38- 42 Vis sammendrag

  Lungefunksjonsmålinger hos små barn har vært lite utbredt innen klinisk praksis fordi målinger medfører ekstra utfordringer hos de minste. Utvikling av nye metoder vil komme til å gi nye muligheter for diagnostikk og innsikt i utviklingen av lungefunksjonen hos små barn. Det vil stilles helt spesielle krav til disse målingene. Denne oversikten vil omhandle lungefunksjonsmålinger av barn som ikke er intubert og fokusere på gjennomføringen av de vanligste målemetoder fremfor nytteverdien i ulike sammenhenger.

• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2002). Tobakk ved livets start, hva med barnas luftveier?. Fagbladet Allergi i praksis.  ISSN 0806-5462.  1, s 46- 54 Vis sammendrag

  Alle vet at røyking er skadelig. Men hva tror vi og hva vet vi om tidlig eksponering, og hvordan og hvorfor er effektene som de er? Denne oversikten vil fokusere på effekter på de nedre luftveiene og allergiutvikling ved eksponering til tobakksprodukter ved starten av livet.

• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Buchmann, M.S.; Wickstrøm, J. & Mehl, R. (2002). Cockroach sensitivity in Norway: a previously unidentified problem?. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538.  57, s 529- 533 Vis sammendrag

  Background: Little is known about cockroach sensitisation in Scandinavia, whereas cockroach is implicated in allergic diseases throughout large parts of the world. In association with the Genetics of Asthma International Network study, we report sensitivity to cockroaches and it¡¦s possible association with atopic diseases in Norway. Methods: 100 Norwegian families (426 subjects) of 7-35 years old sib-pairs with asthma and their parents underwent questionnaire/interview (medical and exposure history), skin prick test (SPT) to common local inhalant allergens and German cockroach, and specific IgE to mites, mosquito, shrimp and cockroach. Cockroach sensitivity was defined as positive (¿d3 mm) skin prick test and/or s-IgE ¿d class 2. Results: Thirty-one subjects (7.5%) were sensitised (five mono-sensitised) to cockroach (27 by skin prick test and seven by s-IgE (all with additional inhalant allergy)). Co-sensitisation was most commonly to grass (in 61 %), cat (48 %), dog (48%) and mite (42%). Reported allergic diseases in cockroach sensitive subjects were asthma and rhinitis (n=10), asthma only (n=9), rhinitis only (n=2) and neither asthma nor rhinitis (n=10). Conclusion: Since cockroach sensitivity was relatively frequent in Norwegian atopic families, albeit unclear clinical implications, we suggest that cockroach allergy should be considered in subjects with atopic respiratory disease.

• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2001). Effects of maternal and early tobacco exposure on the development of asthma and airway hyperreactivity. Current opinion in Allergy and Immunology.  ISSN 1214-472X.  1, s 139- 143
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2001). Effects of maternal and early tobacco exposure on the development of asthma and airway hyperreactivity. Current opinion in Allergy and Immunology.  ISSN 1214-472X.  1, s 139- 143
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Nikander, Kurt; Leegaard, Jens; Havnen, Johan; Steen-Johnsen, Jon & Winsnes, A. (2001). Nebulized budesonide after hospitalization for recurrent bronchial obstruction in children younger than 18 months. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology.  ISSN 0905-6157.  12, s 159- 165
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Nikander, Kurt; Leegaard, Jens; Steen-Johnsen, Jon; Winsnes, A. & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2001). Nebulised Budesonide in the treatment of recurrent obstructive episodes after acute bronchiolitis. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology.  ISSN 0905-6157.  12, s 159- 165
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Nikander, Kurt; Leegaard, Jens; Steen-Johnsen, Jon; Winsnes, A. & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2001). Nebulised Budesonide in the treatment of recurrent obstructive episodes after acute bronchiolitis. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology.  ISSN 0905-6157.  12, s 159- 165
• Tangsrud, S. E.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Pettersen, I. Lund & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2001). Lung function in preschool children with spinal muscular atrophy. Archives of Disease in Childhood.  ISSN 0003-9888.  84, s 521- 524
• Tangsrud, S. E.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Pettersen, I. Lund & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2001). Lung function measurements in young children with spinal muscular atrophy; a cross sectional survey. The effect of position and bracing. Archives of Disease in Childhood.  ISSN 0003-9888.  84, s 521- 524
• Tangsrud, S. E.; Pettersen, I. Lund; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2001). Lung function in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Respiratory Medicine.  ISSN 0954-6111.  12, s 898- 902
• Jonasson, G.; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Mowinckel, P.; Leegaard, Jens & Halvorsen, K. (2000). Trends in hospital admissions for childhood asthma in Oslo 1980-1995. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538.  55, s 232- 239
• Jonasson, G.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Leegaard, Jens; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Mowinckel, P. & Halvorsen, K.S. (2000). Trends in hospital admissions for childhood asthma in Oslo, Norway, 1980-95. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538.  55, s 232- 239
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2000). Pedigene studien. Allergologen.  ISSN 0332-8295.  1, s 34- 37
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2000). Tidal breathing at all ages. Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease.  ISSN 1122-0643.  55, s 427- 434
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2000). Inhaled nebulized adrenaline improves lung function in infants with acute bronchiolitis. Respiratory Medicine.  ISSN 0954-6111.  94, s 709- 714
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2000). The effect of inhaled nebulised racemic adrenaline upon lungfunction in infants with bronchiolitis. Respiratory Medicine.  ISSN 0954-6111.  94(7), s 709- 714
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Nafstad, Per & Bakketeig, Leif S. (1999). Perinatal risk factors for recurrent wheeze in early life. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology.  ISSN 0905-6157.  10, s 89- 95
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Halvorsen, Ragnvald & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (1998). Serum inflammatory markers and possible effects of age and tobacco smoke exposure in young non-asthmatic children. Acta Paediatrica.  ISSN 0803-5253.  87, s 559- 564
• Djupesland, Per Gisle & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (1998). Nasal airway dimensions do not affect lung function in awake healthy neonates. Pediatric Pulmonology.  ISSN 8755-6863.  25, s 99- 106
• Magnus, Per; Nafstad, Per; Øie, Leif; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Becher, Georg; Kongerud, Johny; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Samuelsen, Sven Ove; Botten, Grete Synøve & Bakketeig, Leif S. (1998). Exposure to NO2 and bronchial obstruction in young children. International Journal of Epidemiology.  ISSN 0300-5771.  27, s 995- 999
• Magnus, Per; Nafstad, Per; Øie, Leif; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Becher, Georg; Kongerud, Johny; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Samuelsen, Sven Ove; Botten, Grete Synøve & Bakketeig, Leif S. (1998). Exposure to nitrogen dioxide and the occurrency of bronchial obstruction in children below 2 years. International Journal of Epidemiology.  ISSN 0300-5771.  27, s 995- 999
• Nafstad, Per; Oie, L; Gaarder, P. I.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Botten, Grete Synøve; Magnus, Per & Jaakkola, J. J. K. (1998). Residential dampness problems and the risk of bronchial obstruction in young Norwegian children. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.  ISSN 1073-449X.  157, s 410- 414
• Nafstad, Per; Øie, Leif; Mehl, R.; Gaarder, P. I.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Botten, Grete Synøve; Magnus, Per & Jaakkola, J. J. K. (1998). Residential dampness problems and symptoms and signs of bronchial obstruction in young Norwegian children. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.  ISSN 1073-449X.  157, s 410- 414
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Jaakkola, J. J. K.; Nafstad, Per & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (1997). In utero exposure to cigarette smoking influences lung function at birth. European Respiratory Journal.  ISSN 0903-1936.  10, s 1774- 1779
• Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (1994). Tidal breathing analysis in awake young children with and without asthma, and their response to salbutamol. European Respiratory Journal.  ISSN 0903-1936.  7, s 2154- 2159
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Magnus, Per & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (1994). Lung function by tidal breathing in awake healthy newborns and infants. European Respiratory Journal.  ISSN 0903-1936.  7, s 1600- 1668
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (1993). Ling function in healthy infants the five first days of life. European Respiratory Journal.  ISSN 0903-1936.  6, s 1496- 1500
• Kristjansson, Sigurdur; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Wennergren, Goran; Strannegaard, I-L. & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (1993). Nebulised racemic adrenaline in the treatment of acute bronchiolitis in infants and toddlers. Archives of Disease in Childhood.  ISSN 0003-9888.  69, s 650- 654
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Nikander, Kurt & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (1992). How much nebulised Budesonide reaches infants and toddlers for inhalation?. Archives of Disease in Childhood.  ISSN 0003-9888.  67, s 1077- 1079
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Svindland, Aud; Refvem, Olav Kaare & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (1992). Plutselig uventet doed og nesten doed hos barn med astma. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  112, s 620- 622

Se alle arbeider i Cristin

• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2010). Asthma and Allergy in Childhood: Prediction and Early Diagnosis. Springer Science+Business Media B.V..  ISBN 978-4-431-99361-2.  755 s.
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Staff, Anne Cathrine; Arnesen, Harald; Bechensteen, Anne Grete; Jacobsen, Anne Flem & Omenaas, Ernst (2009). The Research Handbook, From Idea to Publication. Oslo universitetssykehus, http://www.ulleval.no.  ISBN 978-82-473-0022-0.  182 s. Vis sammendrag

  Engelsk nettversjon av Forskningshåndboken 2009.

• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Staff, Anne Cathrine; Arnesen, Harald; Bechensteen, Anne Grete; Jacobsen, Anne Flem & Omenaas, Ernst (2009). Forskningshåndboken. Fra ide til publikasjon. 4. utgave 2009. Oslo universitetssykehus.  ISBN 978-82-473-0022-0.  182 s.

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• Bousquet, Jean; Agache, Ioana; Antó, Jósep Maria; Bergmann, Karl-Christian; Bachert, Claus; Annesi-Maesano, Isabella I.; Bousquet, Philippe Jean; D'Amato, Gennaro; Démoly, Pascal; de Vries, Gerard; Eller, Esben; Fokkens, Wytske Johanna; Fonseca, João Almeida S.; Haahtela, Tari; Hellings, Peter Wim; Just, Jocelyne; Keil, Thomas Oskar Philipp; Klimek, Ludger; Kuna, Piotr; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Mösges, Ralph; Murray, Ruth; Nékám, Kristóf L.; Onorato, Gabrielle; Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G.; Samoliński, Bolesław K.; Schmid-Grendelmeier, Peter; Thibaudon, Michel; Tomazic, Peter Valentin; Triggiani, Massimo; Valiulis, Arũnas; Valovirta, Erkka Juhani; Van Eerd, Michiel; Wickman, Magnus; Zuberbier, Torsten & Sheikh, Aziz (2017). Google Trends terms reporting rhinitis and related topics differ in European countries. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538.  72(8), s 1261- 1266 . doi: 10.1111/all.13137
• Bousquet, Jean; Farrell, J; Crooks, G; Hellings, P; Bel, EH; Bewick, M; Chavannes, NH; De Sousa, J Correia; Cruz, AA; Haahtela, T; Joos, G; Khaltaev, N; Malva, J; Muraro, A; Nogues, M; Palkonen, S; Pedersen, S; Robalo-Cordeiro, C; Samolinski, B; Strandberg, T; Valiulis, A; Yorgancioglu, A; Zuberbier, T; Bedbrook, A; Aberer, W; Adachi, M; Agusti, A; Akdis, CA; Akdis, M; Ankri, J; Alonso, A; Annesi-Maesano, I; Ansotegui, IJ; Anto, JM; Arnavielhe, S; Arshad, H; Bai, C; Baiardini, I; Bachert, C; Baigenzhin, AK; Barbara, C; Bateman, ED; Beghe, B; Kheder, A Ben; Bennoor, KS; Benson, M; Bergmann, KC; Bieber, T; Bindslev-Jensen, C; Bjermer, L; Blain, H; Blasi, F; Boner, AL; Bonini, M; Bonini, S; Bosnic-Anticevitch, S; Boulet, LP; Bourret, R; Bousquet, PJ; Braido, F; Briggs, AH; Brightling, CE; Brozek, J; Buhl, R; Burney, PG; Bush, A; Caballero-Fonseca, F; Caimmi, D; Calderon, MA; Calverley, PM; Camargos, PAM; Canonica, GW; Camuzat, T; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Carr, W; Carriazo, A; Casale, T; Cepeda Sarabia, AM; Chatzi, L; Chen, YZ; Chiron, R; Chkhartishvili, E; Chuchalin, AG; Chung, KF; Ciprandi, G; Cirule, I; Cox, L; Costa, DJ; Custovic, A; Dahl, R; Dahlen, SE; Darsow, U; De Carlo, G; De Blay, F; Dedeu, T; Deleanu, D; De Manuel Keenoy, E; Demoly, P; Denburg, JA; Devillier, P; Didier, A; Dinh-Xuan, AT; Djukanovic, R; Dokic, D; Douagui, H; Dray, G; Dubakiene, R; Durham, SR; Dykewicz, MS; El-Gamal, Y; Emuzyte, R; Fabbri, LM; Fletcher, M; Fiocchi, A; Fink Wagner, A; Fonseca, J; Fokkens, WJ; Forastiere, F; Frith, P; Gaga, M; Gamkrelidze, A; Garces, J; Garcia-Aymerich, J; Gemicioglu, B; Gereda, JE; Gonzalez Diaz, S; Gotua, M; Grisle, I; Grouse, L; Gutter, Z; Guzman, MA; Heaney, LG; Hellquist-Dahl, B; Henderson, D; Hendry, A; Heinrich, J; Heve, D; Horak, F; Hourihane, JOB; Howarth, P; Humbert, M; Hyland, ME; Illario, M; Ivancevich, JC; Jardim, JR; Jares, EJ; Jeandel, C; Jenkins, C; Johnston, SL; Jonquet, O; Julge, K; Jung, KS; Just, J; Kaidashev, I; Khaitov, MR; Kalayci, O; Kalyoncu, AF; Keil, T; Keith, PK; Klimek, L; Koffi N'Goran, B; Kolek, V; Koppelman, GH; Kowalski, ML; Kull, I; Kuna, P; Kvedariene, V; Lambrecht, B; Lau, S; Larenas-Linnemann, D; Laune, D; Le, LTT; Lieberman, P; Lipworth, B; Li, J; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Louis, R; MacNee, W; Magard, Y; Magnan, A; Mahboub, B; Mair, A; Majer, I; Makela, MJ; Manning, P; Mara, S; Marshall, GD; Masjedi, MR; Matignon, P; Maurer, M; Mavale-Manuel, S; Melen, E; Melo-Gomes, E; Meltzer, EO; Menzies-Gow, A; Merk, H; Michel, JP; Miculinic, N; Mihaltan, F; Milenkovic, B; Mohammad, GMY; Molimard, M; Momas, I; Montilla-Santana, A; Morais-Almeida, M; Morgan, M; Mosges, R; Mullol, J; Nafti, S; Namazova-Baranova, L; Naclerio, R; Neou, A; Neffen, H; Nekam, K; Niggemann, B; Ninot, G; Nyembue, TD; O'Hehir, RE; Ohta, K; Okamoto, Y; Okubo, K; Ouedraogo, S; Paggiaro, P; Pali-Scholl, I; Panzner, P; Papadopoulos, N; Papi, A; Park, HS; Passalacqua, G; Pavord, I; Pawankar, R; Pengelly, R; Pfaar, O; Picard, R; Pigearias, B; Pin, I; Plavec, D; Poethig, D; Pohl, W; Popov, TA; Portejoie, F; Potter, P; Postma, D; Price, D; Rabe, KF; Raciborski, F; Radier Pontal, F; Repka-Ramirez, S; Reitamo, S; Rennard, S; Rodenas, F; Roberts, J; Roca, J; Rodriguez Manas, L; Rolland, C; Roman Rodriguez, M; Romano, A; Rosado-Pinto, J; Rosario, N; Rosenwasser, L; Rottem, M; Ryan, D; Sanchez-Borges, M; Scadding, GK; Schunemann, HJ; Serrano, E; Schmid-Grendelmeier, P; Schulz, H; Sheikh, A; Shields, M; Siafakas, N; Sibille, Y; Similowski, T; Simons, FER; Sisul, JC; Skrindo, Ingebjørg; Smit, HA; Sole, D; Sooronbaev, T; Spranger, O; Stelmach, R; Sterk, PJ; Sunyer, J; Thijs, C; To, T; Todo-Bom, A; Triggiani, M; Valenta, R; Valero, AL; Valia, E; Valovirta, E; Van Ganse, E; Van Hage, M; Vandenplas, O; Vasankari, T; Vellas, B; Vestbo, J; Vezzani, G; Vichyanond, P; Viegi, G; Vogelmeier, C; Vontetsianos, T; Wagenmann, M; Wallaert, B; Walker, S; Wang, DY; Wahn, U; Wickman, M; Williams, DM; Williams, S; Wright, J; Yawn, BP; Yiallouros, PK; Yusuf, OM; Zaidi, A; Zar, HJ; Zernotti, ME; Zhang, L; Zhong, N; Zidarn, M & Mercier, J (2017). Erratum to: Scaling up strategies of the chronic respiratory disease programme of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing (Action Plan B3: Area 5)(Clin Transl Allergy (2016) 6 (29) DOI: 10.1186/s13601-016-0116-9). Clinical and Translational Allergy.  ISSN 2045-7022.  7:5, s 1- 5 . doi: 10.1186/s13601-016-0135-6
• Melby, Kjetil K.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Haaland, Geir; Samdal, Helvi Holm; Mowinckel, Petter & Carlsen, Kai Håkon (2017). Antistoffnivåer mot Helicobacter pylori ved 16 års alder relatert til Astma.
• Melby, Kjetil K.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Håland, Geir; Samdal, Helvi Holm; Mowinckel, Petter & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2017). Antibody levels to Helicobacter pylori infections at 16 years of age in relation to allergic disease. Helicobacter.  ISSN 1083-4389.  22, s 114- 114
• Melby, Kjetil K.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Håland, Geir; Samdal, Helvi Holm; Mowinckel, Petter & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2017). Cod liver oil consumption and prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infections at 2, 10 and 16 years of age. Helicobacter.  ISSN 1083-4389.  22, s 96- 97 . doi: 10.1111/hel.12416
• Bousquet, Jean; Bewick, M; Cano, A; Eklund, P; Fico, G; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup & et al, (286 authors) (2016). Erratum to: Building bridges for innovation in ageing: Synergies between action groups of the EIP on AHA. The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging.  ISSN 1279-7707.  Published ahead of print, s 1- 1 . doi: 10.1007/s12603-016-0850-7
• Westergren, Thomas; Berntsen, Sveinung; Ommundsen, Yngvar; Ludvigsen, Mette Spliid; Aagaard, Hanne; Hall, Elisabeth O.C.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Carlsen, Kai Håkon & Fegran, Liv (2016). Advancing nursing science through multidisciplinary collaboration: experiences from the field of physical activity in children with asthma.
• Westergren, Thomas; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Mowinckel, Petter; Fegran, Liv & Berntsen, Sveinung (2016). Basic self-reports as an indicator of physical activity. European Respiratory Journal.  ISSN 0903-1936.  48 . doi: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2016.PA1253
• Rolfsjord, Leif Bjarte; Alm, Johan; Bakkeheim, Egil; Skjerven, Håvard Ove; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Hunderi, Jon Olav; Berents, Teresa Løvold; Mowinckel, Petter & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2015). The relationship between Quality of Life and morning salivary cortisol after acute bronchiolitis in infancy.
• Westergren, Thomas; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Mowinckel, Petter; Håland, Geir; Fegran, Liv; Berntsen, Sveinung & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2015). EXERCISE INDUCED BRONCHOCONSTRICTION IN CHILDREN WITHOUT ASTHMA.
• Hovland, Vegard; Riiser, Amund; Mowinckel, Petter; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2014). Early-life wheeze: "the Child is father of the Man" / Comment on The significance of early recurrent wheeze for asthma outcomes in late childhood. [Eur Respir J. 2013]. European Respiratory Journal.  ISSN 0903-1936.  43(2), s 651- 651 . doi: 10.1183/09031936.00103313
• Lindvik, Helene; Mowinckel, Petter; Navaratnam, Jesintha; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Borres, Magnus; Kvenshagen, Bente & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2014). Does peanut allergen conjunctival provocation test reflect specific IgE levels to peanut?. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0091-6749.  133(2), s AB110- AB110
• Berents, Teresa Løvold; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Mowinckel, Petter; Skjerven, Håvard Ove; Kvenshagen, Bente; Rolfsjord, Leif Bjarte; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Gaustad, Peter & Gjersvik, Petter (2013). Staphylococcus aureus colonization and skin barrier function in infants with and without eczema - a cross-sectional cohort study. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538.  68, s 159- 159
• Bertelsen, Randi Jacobsen; Fæste, Christiane Kruse; Granum, Berit; Egaas, Eliann; London, Stephanie J.; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup & Løvik, Martinus (2013). Food Allergens in Mattress Dust in Norwegian Homes: a Significant Source of Allergen Exposure?.
• Bertelsen, Randi Jacobsen; Fæste, Christiane Kruse; Granum, Berit; Egaas, Eliann; London, Stephanie J.; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup & Løvik, Martinus (2013). Food allergens in mattress dust in Norwegian homes: a significant source of allergen exposure?. Clinical and Translational Allergy.  ISSN 2045-7022.  3 . doi: 10.1186/2045-7022-3-S3-O3
• Rolfsjord, Leif Bjarte; Skjerven, Håvard Ove; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Bakkeheim, Egil; Mowinckel, Petter & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2013). The influence of acute bronchiolitis in infancy on later quality of life.
• Skjerven, Håvard Ove; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2013). Inhaled Adrenaline in Acute Bronchiolitis Reply. New England Journal of Medicine.  ISSN 0028-4793.  369(11), s 1076- 1077
• Westergren, Thomas; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Fegran, Liv & Berntsen, Sveinung (2013). Self-reported exercise limitations in asthmatic adolescents.
• Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2012). Asthma in children: the road to individual asthma phenotypes, In Kai-Håkon Carlsen & Jorrit Gerritsen (ed.),  Paediatric Asthma.  European Respiratory Society.  ISBN 9781849840194.  1.  s 1 - 10
• Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2012). Physical exercise, training and sports in asthmatic children and adolscents, In Kai-Håkon Carlsen & Jorrit Gerritsen (ed.),  Paediatric Asthma.  European Respiratory Society.  ISBN 9781849840194.  5.  s 49 - 59
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup & Custovic, Adnan (2012). Lung development and the role of asthma and allergy, In Kai-Håkon Carlsen & Jorrit Gerritsen (ed.),  Paediatric Asthma.  European Respiratory Society.  ISBN 9781849840194.  8.  s 82 - 97
• Rolfsjord, Leif Bjarte; Skjerven, Håvard Ove; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Bakkeheim, Egil; Mowinckel, Petter & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2012). Quality of life after acute bronchiolitis in infancy.
• Bakkeheim, Egil; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2011). Paracetamol exposure during breastfeeding and risk of allergic disease. Acta Paediatrica.  ISSN 0803-5253.  100(7), s e3- e3 . doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2011.02340.x
• Bakkeheim, Egil & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2011). Inflammation and "stress" in asthma and allergy : are oxidative state and cortisol levels involved?. Series of dissertations submitted to the Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo. 1083.
• Lang, Astri Maria & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2011). Severe Asthma Research in Children. Problematic to define, identify and characterise. Series of dissertations submitted to the Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo. 1066.
• Bertelsen, Randi Jacobsen; Løvik, Martinus; Granum, Berit; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2010). The indoor environment and childhood allergic diseases; the importance of allergens and microbial components. Series of dissertations submitted to the Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo. No.936.
• Hedlin, G.; Eber, E.; Aurora, P.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Ratjen, F.; Dankert-Roels, J.E.; Ross-Russell, R.I.; Turner, S.; Midulla, F.; Baraldi, E. & Bush, A. (2010). Paediatric respiratory disease: past, present and future Paediatric Assembly contribution to the celebration of 20 years of the ERS. European Respiratory Journal.  ISSN 0903-1936.  36(2), s 225- 228 . doi: 10.1183/09031936.00085510
• Jacobsen, Randi; Lødrup Carlsen, K; Carlsen, K; Doekes, G; Granum, Berit; Håland, G; Mowinckel, P & Løvik, Martinus (2009). Early life exposure to cat allergens increase the risk of late childhood asthma in a community with low levels of in-door allergens. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538.  64, s 106- 107 . doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2009.02075.x
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Roll, S; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Arshad, H; Roberts, G; Spycher, B; Kuehni, C; Wahn, U; Willich, S; Torrent, M; Sunyer, J; Wijga, A; Host, A; Halken, S; von Berg, A; Chen, C; Herbarth, O; Kramer, U; Kull, I; Wickman, M; Heinrich, J; Eller, E; Brunekreef, B; Lau, S & Keil, T (2009). Pet exposure in infancy, asthma at school age? A meta-analysis initiated by GA(2) LEN. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538.  64, s 22- 22
• Keil, T; Roll, S; Brunekreef, B; Eller, E; Heinrich, J; Wickman, M; Kull, I; Kramer, U; Herbarth, O; Chen, C; von Berg, A; Halken, S; Host, A; Wijga, A; Sunyer, J; Torrent, M; Willich, S; Wahn, U; Kuehni, C; Spycher, B; Roberts, G; Arshad, H; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Lau, S & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2009). Pet exposure in infancy, allergic rhinitis at school age? A meta-analysis initiated by GA(2)LEN. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538.  64, s 23- 23
• Bush, Andy; Hedlin, G.; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; de Benedictis, F; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup & Wilson, N (2008). Severe childhood asthma: a common international approach?. The Lancet.  ISSN 0140-6736.  372, s 1019- 1021
• Jacobsen, Randi; Lødrup Carlsen, K; Mowinckel, P; Carlsen, K; Granum, Berit & Løvik, Martinus (2008). Do allergic families avoid having furry pets when children are small?. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.  ISSN 0105-4538.  63, s 7- 8
• Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2006, 19. oktober). Barn og astma. [TV].  Schrödingers katt, NRK. Vis sammendrag

  Få barn i verden er så utsatt for astma som norske barn. Hvert femte barn som fødes i Norge vil utvikle astma - og verre skal det bli. Hvorfor er det slik? Og hva kan vi gjøre med det? Norgeshistoriens største astmaundersøkelse publiseres internasjonalt i dag

• Granum, Berit; Mowinckel, Petter; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Løvik, Martinus; Munthe-Kaas, Monica & Lødrup Carlsen, Karin Cecilie (2006). Cord blood sCD14 as a risk factor for childhood asthma and allergic disease.
• Granum, Berit; Mowinckel, Petter; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Løvik, Martinus; Munthe-Kaas, Monica & Lødrup Carlsen, Karin Cecilie (2006). Cord blood sCD14 as a risk factor for childhood asthma and allergic sensitisation. The European respiratory journal. Supplement.  ISSN 0904-1850.  28, s 250s- 250s
• Keil, T; Kulig, M; Simpson, A; Custovic, A; Wickman, M; Kull, I; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Smit, HA; Wijga, AH; Schmid, S; Von Berg, A; Bollrath, C; Eller, E; Bindslev-Jensen, C; Halken, S; Host, A; Heinrich, J; Porta, D; Forastiere, F; Brunekreef, B; Kraemer, U; Willich, SN; Wahn, U & Lau, S (2006). Comparison of European birth cohort studies on asthma and allergic diseases - A GA2LEN initiative. European Journal of Epidemiology.  ISSN 0393-2990.  21, s 145- 146
• Bjermer, Leif & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2003). Om ungdom, livsstil og yrkesvalg. Fagbladet Allergi i praksis.  ISSN 0806-5462.  5(3), s 5
• Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Bjermer, Leif (2003). Vår, pollen og allergisk rhinoconjunctivit. Fagbladet Allergi i praksis.  ISSN 0806-5462.  5(2), s 5
• Haaland, Guri; Devulapalli, Chandra S.; Pettersen, Morten; Munthe-Kaas, M. C.; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2003). Does lung function in the first two years of age predict lung function in school age? [Abstract]. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.  ISSN 1073-449X.  167(7), s 509 Vis sammendrag

  [ABSTRACT]

• Circule, I.; Mehra, S.; Stick, S.; Kundutze, M.D.J.; Wixon, C. & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2002). Efficacy of fluticasone (200mcg/d) in preschool children with chronic persistent asthma-like symptoms.
• Devulapalli, Chandra S.; Håland, Geir; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup & Pettersen, Morten (2002). EARLY RISK FACTORS FOR TREATMENT WITH INHALED CORTICOSTEROIDS BY 2 YEARS OF AGE. Vis sammendrag

  EARLY RISK FACTORS FOR TREATMENT WITH INHALED CORTICOSTEROIDS BY 2 YEARS OF AGE C.S. Devulapalli ¹, G. Haaland ², K-H Carlsen ¹, K. L. Carlsen ², M. Pettersen ² ¹ Voksentoppen Asthma and Allergy Centre, National Hospital of Norway, Oslo, Norway ² Department of Paediatrics, Ullevaal University Hospital, Oslo, Norway Background: Early risk factors for moderate to severe early recurrent/persistent bronchial obstruction (rBO) are not well known. Therefore, we assessed factors that were potential risk factors for receiving treatment with inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) therapy by two years of age. Methods: 564 children (50% with rBO) from the prospective observational birth cohort study (Environment and Childhood Asthma study, Oslo) were assessed within the first two years of life by clinical, biochemical and/or physiological characteristics, particularly in relation to rBO. Lung function was assessed by tidal breathing flow volume parameters (tPTEF/tE; time to reach peak expiratory flow/total expiratory time) at birth and at debut of rBO and by compliance of the respiratory system (Crs/kg.body weight) at birth. Atopic dermatitis (AD) ever, serum IgE and serum ECP at 11 months and lung function at two years of age were included in a linear regression model to explore possible risk for ICS treatment by age two. Results: Lung function at birth was significantly reduced among the children with rBO who had received ICS by two years measured by Crs/kg (0.9, 0.6-1.2 vs. 1.3, 1.1-1.37, p= 0.05) (mean, 95 % CI), but not by tPTEF/tE. Having rBO (0.2; 0.28-0.50) (B;95%CI) and any time AD (0.07; 0.02-0.12) significantly increased the risk of receiving ICS. When adding lung function at birth, Crs/kg (-0.103; -0.201- -0.004), but not tPTEF/tE significantly increased the risk for ICS treatment, as did tPTEF/tE at 11 months. Conclusion: Reduced lung function both at birth (particularly assessed by Crs/kg) and at debut of rBO as well as AD increased the risk of later being treated by ICS within the first two years of life. Clinical duration and severity of disease, but not eosinophil activation or IgE before 12 months was associated with increased risk of ICS treatment in this observational, ¿real life¿, non-interventional study.

• Devulapalli, Chandra S.; Håland, Geir; Pettersen, Morten; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2002). DOES INHALED CORTICOSTEROIDS INFLUENCE LUNG FUNCTION IN 2 YEAR OLD CHILDREN?. Vis sammendrag

  DOES INHALED CORTICOSTEROIDS INFLUENCE LUNG FUNCTION IN 2 YEAR OLD CHILDREN ? C.S. Devulapalli *, G. Haaland +, M. Pettersen +, K-H. Carlsen *, K.Lødrup Carlsen + * Voksentoppen Asthma and Allergy University Clinic, National Hospital of Norway, Oslo, Norway + Department of Paediatrics, Ullevaal University Hospital, Oslo, Norway Background: Little information is available about possible influence of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) on the lung function in young children. From the prospective birth cohort (Environment and Childhood Asthma study, Oslo), we wanted to assess possible influence of ICS treatment between 11 months and 25 months of age on lung function in children with recurrent/persistent bronchial obstruction (rBO). Methods and subjects: Lung function by tidal breathing (SensorMedics 2600) was measured at 11 months and 25 months in 21 children with rBO treated with ICS (rBO+), 32 children with rBO without ICS (rBO-) and 18 healthy controls. Mean duration of ICS treatment was 9.0 months (6.0 SD). The main tidal breathing parameter was the ratio of time to peak flow/total expiratory time (tPTEF/tE). Results: Lung function (mean, 95% CI) was significantly lower among children with rBO+ compared with rBO- and controls, at 11 months (rBO+ 0.17, 0.15-020, rBO- 0.23, 0.19-0.28, controls 0.32, 0.25-0.38) and 25 months (rBO+ 0.23, 0.18-0.29, rBO- 0.28, 0.24-0.32, controls 0.30, 0.24-0.36). However, the change in lung function between 11 months and 25 months was not significantly different between rBO+ and rBO- groups. Conclusion: Treatment with ICS did not improve lung function significantly in young children with rBO.

• Devulapalli, Chandra S.; Håland, Geir; Pettersen, Morten; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2002). WHAT FACTORS INFLUENCED THE USE OF INHALED CORTICOSTEROIDS IN 2 YEAR OLD CHILDREN WITH RECURRENT BRONCHIAL OBSTRUCTION?. Vis sammendrag

  What factors influenced the use of inhaled corticosteroids in 2 year old children with recurrent bronchial obstruction? Authors: Chandra Sekhar Devulapalli M.D1*, Geir Haaland M.D2, Morten Pettersen M.D2, Kai-Håkon Carlsen M.D, Ph.D1, Karin Lødrup Carlsen M.D, Ph.D2 Institutions: 1Voksentoppen Asthma and Allergy Centre, National Hospital of Norway, Oslo, Norway and 2Department of Paediatrics, Ullevaal University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. Body: Background: From the prospective observational birth cohort study (Environment and Childhood Asthma study, Oslo), we assessed factors that possibly related to inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) therapy in 25 months old children with recurrent/persistent bronchial obstruction (rBO). Methods and subjects: By structured interview at 25 months, duration and severity (months with persistent symptoms) of bronchial obstruction (BO), atopic dermatitis (AD), and at 11 months total IgE and serum eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP) were assessed in 59 children with rBO who by two years had received ICS (rBO+) and 226 children with rBO without ICS (rBO-). Compliance of the respiratory system (Crs/kg.body weight) by single occlusion technique was measured at birth in 60 of the children, rBO+ (8) and rBO-(52). Mean duration of ICS treatment was 7.4 ± 5.1 months. Results: Duration (mean, 95 % CI) (9.2, 6.9-11.5 vs. 4.7, 3.9-5.5 months) and severity of disease (7.2, 5.0-9.4 vs. 1.1, 0.7-1.6 months of persistent BO) were significantly increased in children with rBO+ compared to rBO-. Crs/kg at birth was significantly lower in rBO+ (0.9, 0.6-1.2 vs. 1.3, 1.1-1.37, p= 0.05). There was no difference in serum ECP (22.0, 15.2-28.9 vs. 18.7, 15.4-22.1) or total IgE (29.5, 1.3-55.8 vs. 30.7, 16.9-44.6), respectively, at the debut of their disease (11 months). However, significantly more rBO+ children had AD (15.6%) compared to rBO- (8.9%). Conclusion: Although clinically observed disease was the most significant determinant for ICS treatment by two years, this was not reflected in eosinophil activation or total IgE measured shortly after debut of their disease, but in Crs/kg at birth in children with rBO.

• Haaland, Guri; Pettersen, Morten; Devulapalli, Chandra S.; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon & Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2002). Does lung function at birth predict lung function later in childhood?.
• Bjermer, Leif & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2001). Lungerehabilitering - samarbeid på mange plan (red. komm.). Fagbladet Allergi i praksis.  ISSN 0806-5462.  3(1), s 5
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2001). Miljø og Barneastma studien. Fagbladet Allergi i praksis.  ISSN 0806-5462.  3, s 32- 38
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Buchmann, M.S.; Wikstrøm, J. & Mehl, R. (2001). Cockroach sensitivity in Norway: a previously unidentified problem?.
• Haaland, Guri; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Pettersen, Morten & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2001). Does paracetamol use increase the risk of recurrent wheeze or atopy in young children?.
• Håland, Geir; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Pettersen, Morten & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2001). Does paracetamol use increase the risk of recurrent wheeze or atopy in young children?.
• Pettersen, Morten; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Håland, Geir & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2001). Do antibiotics play a role in recurrent wheeze or atopy in young children?.
• Pettersen, Morten; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Håland, Geir & Carlsen, Kai-Håkon (2001). Do antibiotics play a role in recurrent wheeze or atopy in young children?.
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2000). "Hva vet vi om effekter og bivirkninger av kortisonpreparater i astma behandling?".
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2000). "Hvordan oppdager du at barnet ditt har astma?".
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (2000). "Respirasjonsfysiologiske undersøkelser hos barn under 6 år. Metodisk innføring.".
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (1999). Antenatal and environmental tobacco smoke exposure.
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (1999). Lung function from infancy to adulthood.
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (1999). Lung function from infancy to adulthood.
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (1999). Obstructive airways disease, but is it asthma?.
• Botten, Grete Synøve; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Magnus, Per; Nafstad, Per & Øie, Leif (1997). Miljø og barneastma. Rapport fra barneastmaprosjektet.
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (1996). Undersøkelse av barns lungefunksjon i allmennpraksis og sykehus. Fagbladet Allergi i praksis.  ISSN 0806-5462.  3, s 10- 12
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup (1996). Wheezing-inflammation in asthma and atopy.
• Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup & Marchal, F (1996). Lung function testing in infants and preschool children.

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