Publikasjoner
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Alzahrani, Nasser M.; Paddock, Michael; Jeanes, Annmarie; Rigby, Alan S.; Dawani, Anuradha & Fairhurst, Joanna
[Vis alle 24 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2026).
Rib fracture diagnosis in suspected abuse: Computed tomography or radiographs (RECEPTOR)? A multicentre diagnostic accuracy observational study.
European Radiology.
ISSN 0938-7994.
36(6),
s. 4749–4758.
doi:
10.1007/s00330-026-12330-z.
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Objectives
To assess the diagnostic accuracy of chest CT for rib fractures in live children investigated for suspected physical abuse (SPA), using initial and follow-up chest radiographs (CXRs) as the reference standard.
Materials and methods
A retrospective 10-year (September 2011–2021) multicentre search was performed for children less than two years of age who received CXRs and chest CT for SPA. Nineteen consultant radiologists independently read the images: Round 1 (initial CXRs only), Round 2 (CTs only) and Round 3 (initial and follow-up CXRs). No reporter performed Round 3 before Round 1 or 2. Radiologists reported the presence of rib fractures, fracture age, fracture location and confidence level. CT diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy) was calculated per patient, per rib and per specific location along the rib arc.
Results
A total of 64 patients (36 boys) with a median age of 2 months were included and assessed by 19 independent consultant radiologists. Patient level analysis: CT sensitivity = 90.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 88.2–92.6), specificity = 74.2% (95% CI: 70.2–78.0). Rib level analysis: CT sensitivity = 85.6% (95% CI: 84.1–87.0), specificity = 94.16% (95% CI: 93.8–94.4). Location level analysis: CT sensitivity = 75.7% (95% CI: 74.0–77.4), specificity = 97.09% (95% CI: 96.9–97.2).
Conclusion
Chest CT confers accurate rib fracture detection in live children with SPA, with the potential to replace the current standard of performing six CXRs as part of initial and follow-up imaging for SPA.
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Nievelstein, Rutger A.J.; Borgwardt, Lise; Kalle, Thekla von; Littooij, Annemieke S.; Müller, Lil-Sofie Ording & Tolboom, Nelleke
(2024).
Multimodality imaging of bone marrow involvement in paediatric oncology.
EJC Paediatric Oncology.
4.
doi:
10.1016/j.ejcped.2024.100185.
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Horatio, Laura Tanturri De; Zadig, Pia Karin Karlsen; Brandis, Elisabeth von; Müller, Lil-Sofie Ording; Rosendahl, Karen & Avenarius, Derk Frederik Matthaus
(2023).
Whole-body MRI in children and adolescents: Can T2-weighted Dixon fat-only images replace standard T1-weighted images in the assessment of bone marrow?
European Journal of Radiology.
ISSN 0720-048X.
166.
doi:
10.1016/j.ejrad.2023.110968.
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Objective: When performing whole-body MRI for bone marrow assessment in children, optimizing scan time is crucial. The aim was to compare T2 Dixon fat-only and TSE T1-weighted sequences in the assessment of bone marrow high signal areas seen on T2 Dixon water-only in healthy children and adolescents. <p><p>Materials and methods: Whole-body MRIs from 196 healthy children and adolescents aged 6 to 19 years (mean 12.0) were obtained including T2 TSE Dixon and T1 TSE-weighted images. Areas with increased signal on T2 Dixon water-only images were scored using a novel, validated scoring system and classified into “minor” or “major” findings according to size and intensity, where “major” referred to changes easily being misdiagnosed as pathology in a clinical setting. Areas were assessed for low signal on T2 Dixon fat-only images and, after at least three weeks to avoid recall bias, on the T1-weighted sequence by two experienced pediatric radiologists. <p>Results: 1250 high signal areas were evaluated on T2 Dixon water-only images. In 1159/1250 (92.7%) low signal was seen on both T2 Dixon fat-only and T1-weighted sequences while in 24 (1.9%) it was not present on either sequence, with an absolute agreement of 94.6%. Discordant findings were found in 67 areas, of which in 18 (1.5%) low signal was visible on T1-weighted images alone and in 49 (3.9%) on T2 Dixon fat-only alone. The overall kappa value between the two sequences was 0.39. The agreement was higher for major as compared to minor findings (kappa values of 0.69 and 0.29, respectively) and higher for the older age groups. <p>Conclusion: T2 Dixon fat-only can replace T1-weighted sequence on whole-body MRI for bone marrow assessment in children over the age of nine, thus reducing scan time.
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Zadig, Pia Karin Karlsen; Brandis, Elisabeth von; Müller, Lil-Sofie Ording; Horatio, Laura Tanturri De; Rosendahl, Karen & Avenarius, Derk Frederik Matthaus
(2023).
Pediatric whole-body magnetic resonance imaging: comparison of STIR and T2 Dixon sequences in the detection and grading of high signal bone marrow changes.
European Radiology.
ISSN 0938-7994.
33,
s. 5045–5053.
doi:
10.1007/s00330-023-09413-6.
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Objectives To compare short time inversion recovery (STIR) and T2 Dixon in the detection and grading of high signal intensity areas in bone marrow on whole-body MRI in healthy children. <p><p>Methods Prospective study, including whole-body 1.5-T MRIs from 77 healthy children. Two experienced radiologists in consensus identifed and graded areas of high bone marrow signal on STIR and T2-weighted (T2W) turbo spin echo (TSE) Dixon images (presence, extension) in two diferent sessions at an interval of at least 3 weeks. In a third session, a third observer joined the two readers for an additional consensus reading with all sequences available (substitute gold standard). <p>Results Four hundred ninety of 545 (89.9%) high signal areas were visible on both sequences, while 27 (5.0%) were visible on STIR only and 28 (5.1%) on T2W Dixon only. Twenty-four of 27 (89%) lesions seen on STIR only, and 25/28 (89%) seen on T2W Dixon only, were graded as mildly increased signal intensity. The proportion of true positive high signal lesions was higher for the T2W Dixon images as compared to STIR (74.2% vs. 68.2%) (p=0.029), while the proportion of false negatives was lower (25.9% vs. 31.7% (p=0.035) for T2W Dixon and STIR, respectively). There was a moderate agreement between the T2W Dixon and STIR-based extension scores on a 0–4 scale, with a kappa of 0.45 (95% CI=0.34–0.56). <p>Conclusions Most high signal bone marrow changes identifed on a 1.5-T whole-body MRI were seen on both STIR and water-only T2W Dixon, underscoring the importance of using identical protocols when following bone-marrow signal changes over time.
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Ewijk, Roelof van; Chatziantoniou, Cyrano; Adams, Madeleine; Bertolini, Patrizia; Bisogno, Gianni & Bouhamama, Amine
[Vis alle 40 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2023).
Quantitative diffusion-weighted MRI response assessment in rhabdomyosarcoma: an international retrospective study on behalf of the European paediatric Soft tissue sarcoma Study Group Imaging Committee.
Pediatric Radiology.
ISSN 0301-0449.
53,
s. 2539–2551.
doi:
10.1007/s00247-023-05745-z.
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Zadig, Pia Karin Karlsen; Brandis, Elisabeth von; d’Angelo, Paola; Horatio, Laura Tanturri de; Müller, Lil-Sofie Ording & Rosendahl, Karen
[Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2022).
Whole-body MRI in children aged 6–18 years. Reliability of identifying and grading high signal intensity changes within bone marrow.
Pediatric Radiology.
ISSN 0301-0449.
52,
s. 1–11.
doi:
10.1007/s00247-022-05312-y.
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Background
Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasingly being used in children, however, to date there are no studies addressing the reliability of the findings.
Objective
To examine intra- and interobserver reliability of a scoring system for assessment of high signal areas within the bone marrow, as visualized on T2-weighted, fat-saturated images.
Materials and methods
Ninety-six whole-body MRIs (1.5 T) in 78 healthy volunteers (mean age: 11.5 years) and 18 children with chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (mean age: 12.4 years) were included. Coronal water-only Dixon T2-weighted images were used to score the left lower extremity/pelvis for high signal intensity areas, intensity (0–2 scale), extension (0–4 scale) and shape and contour in a blinded fashion by two pairs of radiologists.
Results
For the pelvis, grading of bone marrow signal showed moderate to good intra- and interobserver agreement with kappa values of 0.51–0.94 and 0.41–0.87, respectively. Corresponding figures for the femur were 0.61–0.68 within and 0.32–0.61 between observers, and for the tibia 0.60–0.72 and 0.51–0.73. Agreement for assessing extension was moderate to good both within and between observers for the pelvis (k = 0.52–0.85 and 0.35–0.80), for the femur (0.52–0.67 and 0.51–0.60) and for the tibia (k = 0.59–0.69 and 0.47–0.63) except for the femur metaphysis/diaphysis, with interobserver kappa values of 0.29–0.30. Scoring of shape was moderate to good within observers, but in general poorer between observers, with kappa values of 0.40–0.73 and 0.18–0.69, respectively. For contour, the corresponding figures were 0.35–0.62 and 0.09–0.54, respectively.
Conclusion
MRI grading of intensity and extension of high signal intensity areas within the bone marrow of pelvis and lower limb performs well and thus can be used interchangeably by different observers, while assessment of shape and contour is reliable for the same observer but is less reliable between observers. This should be considered when performing clinical trials.
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Zadig, Pia Karin Karlsen; Brandis, Elisabeth von; Flatø, Berit; Müller, Lil-Sofie Ording; Nordal, Ellen Berit & Horatio, Laura Tanturri De
[Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2022).
Whole body magnetic resonance imaging in healthy children and adolescents: Bone marrow appearances of the appendicular skeleton.
European Journal of Radiology.
ISSN 0720-048X.
153.
doi:
10.1016/j.ejrad.2022.110365.
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Background Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasingly being used in children, however, to date there
are no studies addressing the reliability of the findings.
Objective To examine intra- and interobserver reliability of a scoring system for assessment of high signal areas within the
bone marrow, as visualized on T2-weighted, fat-saturated images.
Materials and methods Ninety-six whole-body MRIs (1.5 T) in 78 healthy volunteers (mean age: 11.5 years) and 18 children
with chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (mean age: 12.4 years) were included. Coronal water-only Dixon T2-weighted images
were used to score the left lower extremity/pelvis for high signal intensity areas, intensity (0–2 scale), extension (0–4 scale)
and shape and contour in a blinded fashion by two pairs of radiologists.
Results For the pelvis, grading of bone marrow signal showed moderate to good intra- and interobserver agreement with
kappa values of 0.51–0.94 and 0.41–0.87, respectively. Corresponding figures for the femur were 0.61–0.68 within and
0.32–0.61 between observers, and for the tibia 0.60–0.72 and 0.51–0.73. Agreement for assessing extension was moder-
ate to good both within and between observers for the pelvis (k = 0.52–0.85 and 0.35–0.80), for the femur (0.52–0.67 and
0.51–0.60) and for the tibia (k = 0.59–0.69 and 0.47–0.63) except for the femur metaphysis/diaphysis, with interobserver
kappa values of 0.29–0.30. Scoring of shape was moderate to good within observers, but in general poorer between observ-
ers, with kappa values of 0.40–0.73 and 0.18–0.69, respectively. For contour, the corresponding figures were 0.35–0.62 and
0.09–0.54, respectively.
Conclusion MRI grading of intensity and extension of high signal intensity areas within the bone marrow of pelvis and lower
limb performs well and thus can be used interchangeably by different observers, while assessment of shape and contour is reli-
able for the same observer but is less reliable between observers. This should be considered when performing clinical trials.
Keywords Adolescents · Bone marrow · Children · Magnetic resonance imaging · Validation study · Whole-body imaging
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Brandis, Elisabeth von; Jenssen, Håvard Bjørke; Avenarius, Derk Frederik Matthaus; Bjørnerud, Atle; Flatø, Berit & Tomterstad, Anders
[Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2022).
Automated segmentation of magnetic resonance bone marrow signal: a feasibility study.
Pediatric Radiology.
ISSN 0301-0449.
52,
s. 1104–1114.
doi:
10.1007/s00247-021-05270-x.
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Background - Manual assessment of bone marrow signal is time-consuming and requires meticulous standardisation to secure adequate precision of findings.<p> <p>Objective - We examined the feasibility of using deep learning for automated segmentation of bone marrow signal in children and adolescents.<p> <p>Materials and methods - We selected knee images from 95 whole-body MRI examinations of healthy individuals and of children with chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis, ages 6–18 years, in a longitudinal prospective multi-centre study cohort. Bone marrow signal on T2-weighted Dixon water-only images was divided into three color-coded intensity-levels: 1 = slightly increased; 2 = mildly increased; 3 = moderately to highly increased, up to fluid-like signal. We trained a convolutional neural network on 85 examinations to perform bone marrow segmentation. Four readers manually segmented a test set of 10 examinations and calculated ground truth using simultaneous truth and performance level estimation (STAPLE). We evaluated model and rater performance through Dice similarity coefficient and in consensus.<p> <p>Results - Consensus score of model performance showed acceptable results for all but one examination. Model performance and reader agreement had highest scores for level-1 signal (median Dice 0.68) and lowest scores for level-3 signal (median Dice 0.40), particularly in examinations where this signal was sparse.<p> <p>Conclusion - It is feasible to develop a deep-learning-based model for automated segmentation of bone marrow signal in children and adolescents. Our model performed poorest for the highest signal intensity in examinations where this signal was sparse. Further improvement requires training on larger and more balanced datasets and validation against ground truth, which should be established by radiologists from several institutions in consensus.
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Brandis, Elisabeth von; Zadig, Pia Karin Karlsen; Avenarius, Derk Frederik Matthaus; Flatø, Berit; Knudsen, Per Kristian & Lilleby, Vibke
[Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2022).
Whole body magnetic resonance imaging in healthy children and adolescents. Bone marrow appearances of the axial skeleton.
European Journal of Radiology.
ISSN 0720-048X.
154,
s. 1–9.
doi:
10.1016/j.ejrad.2022.110425.
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Objective - To describe the findings of focal high signal on T2 weighted (T2W) images of the bone marrow in the axial skeleton as assessed by whole-body MRI in healthy and asymptomatic children and adolescents.<p> <p>Material and methods - We assessed the bone marrow of the mandible, shoulder girdle, thorax, spine, and pelvis on water-only Dixon T2W sequences as part of a whole-body MRI protocol in 196 healthy and asymptomatic children aged 5–19 years. Intensity (0–2 scale) and extension (1–4 scale) of focal high signal areas in the bone marrow were scored and divided into minor or major findings, based on intensity and extension to identify the potentially conspicuous lesions in a clinical setting.<p> <p>Results - We registered 415 areas of increased signal in the axial skeleton whereof 75 (38.3%) were major findings. Fifty-eight (29.6%) individuals had at least one major finding, mainly located in the pelvis (54, 72%). We found no differences according to gender. The number of minor findings increased with age (p = 0.020), but there were no significant differences in the number of major findings. The most conspicuous findings were in the pelvis, spine and sternum.<p> <p>Conclusion - Non-specific bone marrow T2W hyperintensities in the axial skeleton are frequently detected on whole-body MRI in healthy, asymptomatic children. Awareness of this is important as some findings may resemble clinically silent lesions in children with suspected multifocal skeletal disease.
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Napolitano, Marcelo; Franchi-Abella, Stéphanie; Damasio, Beatrice Maria; Augdal, Thomas Angell; Avni, Fred Efraim & Bruno, Costanza
[Vis alle 19 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2021).
Practical approach for the diagnosis of biliary atresia on imaging, part 2: magnetic resonance cholecystopancreatography, hepatobiliary scintigraphy, percutaneous cholecysto-cholangiography, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, percutaneous liver biopsy, risk scores and decisional flowchart.
Pediatric Radiology.
ISSN 0301-0449.
51,
s. 1545–1554.
doi:
10.1007/s00247-021-05034-7.
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Thrane, Karl Julius; Müller, Lil-Sofie Ording; Suther, Lene Kathrine R; Thomassen, Kristian Stien; Holmstrøm, Henrik & Thaulow, Erik
[Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2021).
Spectrum of Fontan‑associated liver disease assessed by MRI and US in young adolescents.
Abdominal Radiology.
ISSN 2366-004X.
46,
s. 3205–3216.
doi:
10.1007/s00261-021-02994-0.
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Abstract Purpose Patients with Fontan circulation are at risk of developing hepatic fibrosis/cirrhosis. The mechanisms and disease development are unclear and early secondary liver cancer is a concern. This study will describe hepatic imaging findings in a national cohort of adolescents with Fontan circulation. Methods The patients prospectively underwent abdominal contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including diffusion-weighted imaging. Images were assessed for criteria of fibrosis / cirrhosis including characterization of hepatic nodules. These nodules were in addition, assessed by ultrasonography (US). Nodules ≥ 1 cm were investigated and monitored to evaluate malignant transformation. Clinical and hepatic serological data were recorded. Results Forty-six patients, median age of 16.5 years (15.4–17.9 years) were enrolled. All patients underwent US examination and MRI was performed in 35/46 patients. On MRI, 60% had hepatomegaly and 37% had signs of fibrosis/cirrhosis. Seven patients had together 13 nodules ≥ 1 cm in diameter. Only 4/13 (17%) where seen on US. Nodules had variable MRI signal characteristics including hepatobiliary contrast enhancement and two nodules revealed portal venous phase ‘wash-out’ on the first examination. No further imaging signs of malignancy were revealed during the follow-up period of median 24.4 (7–42) months. Conclusion The majority of adolescents with Fontan circulation had imaging findings of fibrosis/cirrhosis of varying severity. US had low detection rate of hepatic nodules compared to MRI. The imaging work-up before transition to adult cardiology care did not reveal findings suggestive of malignancy. However, the high prevalence of Fontan-associated liver disease calls for surveillance strategies even in childhood.
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Zadig, Pia Karin Karlsen; Brandis, Elisabeth von; Lein, Regina Küfner; Rosendahl, Karen; Avenarius, Derk & Müller, Lil-Sofie Ording
(2020).
Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging in children – how and why? A systematic review.
Pediatric Radiology.
ISSN 0301-0449.
s. 1–11.
doi:
10.1007/s00247-020-04735-9.
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Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasingly being used for a number of indications. Our aim was to review and describe indications and scan protocols for diagnostic value of whole-body MRI for multifocal disease in children and adolescents, we conducted a systematic search in Medline, Embase and Cochrane for all published papers until November 2018. Relevant subject headings and free text words were used for the following concepts: 1) whole-body, 2) magnetic resonance imaging and 3) child and/or adolescent. Included were papers in English with a relevant study design that reported on the use and/or findings from whole-body MRI examinations in children and adolescents. This review includes 54 of 1,609 papers identified from literature searches. Chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis, lymphoma and metastasis were the most frequent indications for performing a whole-body MRI. The typical protocol included a coronal STIR (short tau inversion recovery) sequence with or without a coronal T1-weighted sequence. Numerous studies lacked sufficient data for calculating images resolution and only a few studies reported the acquired voxel volume, making it impossible for others to reproduce the protocol/images. Only a minority of the included papers assessed reliability tests and none of the studies documented whether the use of whole-body MRI affected mortality and/or morbidity. Our systematic review confirms significant variability of technique and the lack of proven validity of MRI findings. The information could potentially be used to boost attempts towards standardization of technique, reporting and guidelines development.
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Lange, Charlotte de; Thrane, Karl Julius; Thomassen, Kristian Stien; Geier, Oliver; Nguyen, Bac & Tomterstad, Anders
[Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2020).
Hepatic magnetic resonance T1-mapping and extracellular volume fraction compared to shear-wave elastography in pediatric Fontan-associated liver disease.
Pediatric Radiology.
ISSN 0301-0449.
51,
s. 66–76.
doi:
10.1007/s00247-020-04805-y.
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Abstract Background Children with Fontan circulation are at risk of developing hepatic fibrosis/cirrhosis. Reliable noninvasive monitoring techniques are lacking or under development. Objective To investigate surrogate indicators of hepatic fibrosis in adolescents with Fontan circulation by evaluating hepatic magnetic resonance (MR) T1 mapping and extracellular volume fraction measurements compared to US shear-wave elastography. Materials and methods We analyzed hepatic native T1 times and extracellular volume fractions with modified Look-Locker inversion recovery. Liver stiffness was analyzed with shear-wave elastography. We compared results between 45 pediatric patients ages 16.7±0.6 years with Fontan circulation and 15 healthy controls ages 19.2±1.2 years. Measurements were correlated to clinical and hemodynamic data from cardiac catheterization. Results MR mapping was successful in 35/45 patients, revealing higher hepatic T1 times (774±44 ms) than in controls (632±52 ms; P <0.001) and higher extracellular volume fractions (47.4±5.0%) than in controls (34.6±3.8%; P <0.001). Liver stiffness was 1.91±0.13 m/s in patients vs. 1.20±0.10 m/s in controls ( P <0.001). Native T1 times correlated with central venous pressures (r=0.5, P =0.007). Native T1 was not correlated with elastography in patients (r=0.2, P =0.1) or controls (r = −0.3, P =0.3). Extracellular volume fraction was correlated with elastography in patients (r=0.5, P =0.005) but not in controls (r=0.2, P =0.6). Conclusion Increased hepatic MR relaxometry and shear-wave elastography values in adolescents with Fontan circulation suggested the presence of hepatic fibrosis or congestion. Central venous pressure was related to T1 times. Changes were detected differently with MR relaxometry and elastography; thus, these techniques should not be used interchangeably in monitoring hepatic fibrosis.
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d’Angelo, Paola; Horatio, Laura Tanturri de; Toma, Paolo; Müller, Lil-Sofie Ording; Avenarius, Derk & Brandis, Elisabeth von
[Vis alle 14 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2020).
Chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis — clinical and magnetic resonance imaging features.
Pediatric Radiology.
ISSN 0301-0449.
51,
s. 282–288.
doi:
10.1007/s00247-020-04827-6.
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<i>Background</i> - Chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) is a rare autoinflammatory bone disorder. Little information exists on the use of imaging techniques in CNO.<p> <p><i>Materials and methods</i> - We retrospectively reviewed clinical and MRI findings in children diagnosed with CNO between 2012 and 2018. Criteria for CNO included unifocal or multifocal inflammatory bone lesions, symptom duration >6 weeks and exclusion of infections and malignancy. All children had an MRI (1.5 tesla) performed at the time of diagnosis; 68 of these examinations were whole-body MRIs including coronal short tau inversion recovery sequences, with additional sequences in equivocal cases.<p> <p><i>Results</i> - We included 75 children (26 boys, or 34.7%), with mean age 10.5 years (range 0–17 years) at diagnosis. Median time from disease onset to diagnosis was 4 months (range 1.5–72.0 months). Fifty-nine of the 75 (78.7%) children presented with pain, with or without swelling or fever, and 17 (22.7%) presented with back pain alone. Inflammatory markers were raised in 46/75 (61.3%) children. Fifty-four of 75 (72%) had a bone biopsy. Whole-body MRI revealed a median number of 6 involved sites (range 1–27). Five children (6.7%) had unifocal disease. The most commonly affected bones were femur in 46 (61.3%) children, tibia in 48 (64.0%), pelvis in 29 (38.7%) and spine in 20 (26.7%). Except for involvement of the fibula and spine, no statistically significant differences were seen according to gender.<p> <p><i>Conclusion</i> - Nearly one-fourth of the children presented with isolated back pain, particularly girls. The most common sites of disease were the femur, tibia and pelvic bones. Increased inflammatory markers seem to predict the number of MRI sites involved.
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Rosendahl, Karen; Lundestad, Anette; Bjørlykke, John Asle; Lein, Regina Küfner; Angenete, Oskar W & Augdal, Thomas Angell
[Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2020).
Revisiting the radiographic assessment of osteoporosis-Osteopenia in children 0-2 years of age. A systematic review.
PLOS ONE.
15:e0241635(11),
s. 1–13.
doi:
10.1371/journal.pone.0241635.
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Background Imaging for osteoporosis has two major aims, first, to identify the presence of low bone mass (osteopenia), and second, to quantify bone mass using semiquantitative (conventional radiography) or quantitative (densitometry) methods. In young children, densitometry is hampered by the lack of reference values, and high-quality radiographs still play a role although the evaluation of osteopenia as a marker for osteoporosis is subjective and based on personal experience. Medical experts questioned in court over child abuse, often refer to the literature and state that 20–40% loss of bone mass is warranted before osteopenia becomes evident on radiographs. In our systematic review, we aimed at identifying evidence underpinning this statement. A secondary outcome was identifying normal references for cortical thickness of the skeleton in infants born term, < 2 years of age. Methods We undertook systematic searches in Medline, Embase and Svemed+, covering 1946–2020. Unpublished material was searched in Clinical trials and International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP). Both relevant subject headings and free text words were used for the following concepts: osteoporosis or osteopenia, radiography, children up to 6 years. Results A total 5592 publications were identified, of which none met the inclusion criteria for the primary outcome; the degree of bone loss warranted before osteopenia becomes visible radiographically. As for the secondary outcome, 21 studies were identified. None of the studies was true population based and none covered the pre-defined age range from 0–2 years. However, four studies of which three having a crossectional and one a longitudinal design, included newborns while one study included children 0–2 years. Conclusions Despite an extensive literature search, we did not find any studies supporting the assumption that a 20–40% bone loss is required before osteopenia becomes visible on radiographs. Reference values for cortical thickness were sparse. Further studies addressing this important topic are warranted.
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Ključevšek, Damjana; Riccabona, Michael; Müller, Lil-Sofie Ording; Wozniak, Magdalena; Franchi-Abella, Stéphanie & Darge, Kassa
[Vis alle 18 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2020).
Intracavitary contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in children: review with procedural recommendations and clinical applications from the European Society of Paediatric Radiology abdominal imaging task force.
Pediatric Radiology.
ISSN 0301-0449.
50(4),
s. 596–606.
doi:
10.1007/s00247-019-04611-1.
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Damasio, M. Beatrice; Müller, Lil-Sofie Ording; Augdal, Thomas Angell; Avni, E. Fred; Basso, Luca & Bruno, Costanza
[Vis alle 17 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2019).
European Society of Paediatric Radiology abdominal imaging task
force: recommendations for contrast-enhanced ultrasound
and diffusion-weighted imaging in focal renal lesions in children.
Pediatric Radiology.
ISSN 0301-0449.
50,
s. 297–304.
doi:
10.1007/s00247-019-04552-9.
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Avenarius, Derk; Nusman, Charlotte; Malattia, Clara; Horatio, Laura Tanturri de; Rosendahl, Karen & Maas, Mario
[Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2018).
Current status of wrist imaging in juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
Pediatric Radiology.
ISSN 0301-0449.
48(6),
s. 801–810.
doi:
10.1007/s00247-017-4063-y.
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The wrist is the fourth most commonly affected joint in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) at disease presentation, after the knee, ankle and elbow. At the time of diagnosis, the wrist is affected in about one-quarter of the children, increasing to about 40% after 5 years [1]. Several studies have suggested that involvement of the wrist is a poor prognostic factor, underscoring the importance of an early and accurate diagnosis [2].Early detection and appropriate treatment can improve clinical outcome with higher rates of remission and less joint
damage [3]. Paralleling the introduction of biological therapiesforthetreatmentofJIA,therehasbeenanincreasingneed for sensitive imaging methods, standardized scoring systems for early detection and monitoring disease activity. However, defining robust and reproducible imaging-based measures for inflammationhasbeenchallengingduetolackofstandardized imaging protocols, paucity of knowledge on test validity and, last but not least, a new awareness of normal variants of the growing skeleton that may mimic pathology. The aim of this article is to give an update on the imaging methods used to detect and quantify active inflammation and permanent change in children with JIA, focusing on their validity, and to provide anoverview of the recommended protocols for ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The concept of a hierarchy of efficacy to produce a medicaldecisionassuggestedbyThornburyandFrybackwill be used [4, 5].
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Riccabona, Michael; Lobo, M. Luisa; Augdal, Thomas Angell; Avni, Fred; Blickman, Johan & Bruno, Costanza
[Vis alle 15 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2018).
European Society of Paediatric Radiology Abdominal Imaging Task Force recommendations in paediatric uroradiology, part X: how to perform paediatric gastrointestinal ultrasonography, use gadolinium as a contrast agent in children, follow up paediatric testicular microlithiasis, and an update on paediatric contrast-enhanced ultrasound.
Pediatric Radiology.
ISSN 0301-0449.
48(10),
s. 1528–1536.
doi:
10.1007/s00247-018-4147-3.
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Rosa-Carrillo, Daniel de la; Vindenes, Harald Bjarte; Kinsler, Veronica A; Rønnestad, Arild Erlend; Ringstad, Geir & Müller, Lil-Sofie Ording
[Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2018).
Aggressive melanoma in an infant with congenital melanocytic nevus syndrome and multiple, NRAS and BRAF mutation-negative nodules.
Pediatric dermatology.
ISSN 0736-8046.
35(5),
s. e281–e285.
doi:
10.1111/pde.13595.
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We report the case of a newborn boy with multinodular NRAS- and BRAF-mutation negative congenital melanocytic nevi and cerebral lesions compatible with congenital intraparenchymal melanosis. Histopathology from skin lesions showed atypical nodular melanocytic proliferation with marked melanocytic atypia and a high number of mitoses and apoptosis, indicating aggressive proliferation. The child developed several new subcutaneous tumors and multiple internal lesions, which were confirmed to be metastases, and died five months old. This case may represent an infantile melanoma developing from a giant congenital melanocytic nevus, or a congenital melanoma.
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Avenarius, Derk; Müller, Lil-Sofie Ording & Rosendahl, Karen
(2017).
Joint fluid, bone marrow edemalike changes, and ganglion cysts in the pediatric wrist: Features that may mimic pathologic abnormalities-follow-up of a healthy cohort.
American Journal of Roentgenology.
ISSN 0361-803X.
208(6),
s. 1352–1357.
doi:
10.2214/AJR.16.17263.
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Damasio, Maria Beatrice; Müller, Lil-Sofie Ording; Piaggio, Giorgio; Marks, Stephen D. & Riccabona, Michael
(2017).
Imaging in pediatric renal transplantation.
Pediatric Transplantation.
ISSN 1397-3142.
21(3),
s. 1–10.
doi:
10.1111/petr.12885.
Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
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Riccabona, Michael; Lobo, Maria-Luisa; Müller, Lil-Sofie Ording; Augdal, Thomas Angell; Avni, Fred Efraim & Blickman, Johan
[Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2017).
European Society of Paediatric Radiology abdominal imaging task force recommendations in paediatric uroradiology, part IX: Imaging in anorectal and cloacal malformation, imaging in childhood ovarian torsion, and efforts in standardising paediatric uroradiology terminology.
Pediatric Radiology.
ISSN 0301-0449.
47(10),
s. 1369–1380.
doi:
10.1007/s00247-017-3837-6.
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Avenarius, Derk; Müller, Lil-Sofie Ording & Rosendahl, Karen
(2016).
Erosion or normal variant? 4-year MRI follow-up of the wrists in healthy children.
Pediatric Radiology.
ISSN 0301-0449.
46(3),
s. 322–330.
doi:
10.1007/s00247-015-3494-6.
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Background A large proportion of healthy children have wrist changes on MRI, namely carpal depressions, findings that have been described as pathological in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Objective We performed follow-up imaging in a cohort of healthy children to evaluate carpal surface depressions over time, focusing on the presence of overlying cartilage as a potential discriminator between normal variants and true erosions. Materials and methods 74 of the initial cohort of 89 healthy children (83%) had a re-scan of their wrists using the same protocol, including coronal T1 and fat-saturated T2 sequences. A cartilage-selective sequence was added for this study. We registered number and location of bony depressions and presence of overlying cartilage. Results The total number of carpal depressions increased by age group and over time; their location was unchanged in 370 of 487 (76%) carpal sites and 91 of 117 (78%) metacarpal sites. In total, 426 of the 1,087 (39.2%) bony depressions were covered by cartilage, with a decreasing percentage by age (P = 0.001). Conclusion Normal appearances during growth, such as bony depressions, should not be mistaken for pathology. There must be additional findings to support a diagnosis of disease. A cartilage sequence may add to the diagnostic image analysis.
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Nusman, Charlotte; Müller, Lil-Sofie Ording; Hemke, Robert; Doria, Andrea S; Avenarius, Derk & Tzaribachev, Nicolay
[Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2016).
Current status of efforts on standardizing magnetic resonance imaging of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: Report from the OMERACT MRI in JIA working group and Health-e-Child.
Journal of Rheumatology.
ISSN 0315-162X.
43(1),
s. 239–244.
doi:
10.3899/jrheum.141276.
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Panagopoulos, Ioannis; Gorunova, Ludmila; Kerndrup, Gitte; Spetalen, Signe; Tierens, Anne & Osnes, Liv T. N.
[Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2016).
Rare MLL-ELL fusion transcripts in childhood acute myeloid leukemia-association with young age and myeloid sarcomas?
Experimental Hematology & Oncology.
5:8.
doi:
10.1186/s40164-016-0037-2.
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Background
The chromosomal translocation t(11;19)(q23;p13) with a breakpoint within subband 19p13.1 is found mainly in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and results in the MLL-ELL fusion gene. Variations in the structure of MLL-ELL seem to influence the leukemogenic potency of the fusion in vivo and may lie behind differences in clinical features. The number of cases reported so far is very limited and the addition of more information about MLL-ELL variants is essential if the possible clinical significance of rare fusions is to be determined.
Case presentation
Cytogenetic and molecular genetic analyses were done on the bone marrow cells of a 20-month-old boy with an unusual form of myelomonocytic AML with multiple myeloid sarcomas infiltrating bone and soft tissues. The G-banding analysis together with FISH yielded the karyotype 47,XY, +6,t(8;19;11)(q24;p13;q23). FISH analysis also demonstrated that MLL was split. RNA-sequencing showed that the translocation had generated an MLL-ELL chimera in which exon 9 of MLL (nt 4241 in sequence with accession number NM_005933.3) was fused to exon 6 of ELL (nt 817 in sequence with accession number NM_006532.3). RT-PCR together with Sanger sequencing verified the presence of the above-mentioned fusion transcript.
Conclusions
Based on our findings and information on a few previously reported patients, we speculate that young age, myelomonoblastic AML, and the presence of extramedullary disease may be typical of children with rare MLL-ELL fusion transcripts.
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Riccabona, Michael; Darge, Kassa; Lobo, Maria-Luisa; Ording-Müller, Lil-Sofie; Augdal, Thomas Angell & Avni, Fred E.
[Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2015).
ESPR Uroradiology Taskforce—imaging recommendations in paediatric uroradiology, part VIII: retrograde urethrography, imaging disorder of sexual development and imaging childhood testicular torsion.
Pediatric Radiology.
ISSN 0301-0449.
45(13),
s. 2023–2028.
doi:
10.1007/s00247-015-3452-3.
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Riccabona, Michael; Lobo, Maria Luisa; Willi, Ullrich; Avni, Fred; Damasio, Beatrice & Müller, Lil-Sofie Ording
[Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2014).
ESPR uroradiology task force and ESUR Paediatric Work Group - Imaging recommendations in paediatric uroradiology, part VI: Childhood renal biopsy and imaging of neonatal and infant genital tract: Minutes from the task force session at the annual ESPR Meeting 2012 in Athens on childhood renal biopsy and imaging neonatal genitalia.
Pediatric Radiology.
ISSN 0301-0449.
44(4),
s. 496–502.
doi:
10.1007/s00247-013-2852-5.
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Riccabona, Michael; Vivier, Pierre-Hugues; Ntoulia, Akaterina; Darge, Kassa; Avni, Fred E. & Papadopoulou, Frederika
[Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2014).
ESPR uroradiology task force imaging recommendations in paediatric uroradiology, part VII: standardised terminology, impact of existing recommendations, and update on contrast-enhanced ultrasound of the paediatric urogenital tract.
Pediatric Radiology.
ISSN 0301-0449.
44(11),
s. 1478–1484.
doi:
10.1007/s00247-014-3135-5.
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Avenarius, Derk; Müller, Ording Lil-Sofie; Eldevik, Odd Petter; Owens, Catherine M. & Rosendahl, Karen
(2012).
The paediatric wrist revisited-findings of bony depressions in healthy children on radiographs compared to MRI.
Pediatric Radiology.
ISSN 0301-0449.
42(7),
s. 791–798.
doi:
10.1007/s00247-012-2354-x.
Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
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Riccabona, Michael; Avni, Fred Efraim; Damasio, Maria Beatrice; Müller, Lil-Sofie Ording; Blickman, Johan G. & Darge, Kassa
[Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2012).
ESPR Uroradiology Task Force and ESUR Paediatric Working Group-Imaging recommendations in paediatric uroradiology, Part V: childhood cystic kidney disease, childhood renal transplantation and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in children.
Pediatric Radiology.
ISSN 0301-0449.
42(10),
s. 1275–1283.
doi:
10.1007/s00247-012-2436-9.
Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
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Damasio, Maria Beatrice; Malattia, Clara; Horatio, Laura Tanturri de; Mattiuz, Chiara; Pistorio, Angela & Bracaglia, Claudia
[Vis alle 14 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2012).
MRI of the wrist in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: proposal of a paediatric synovitis score by a consensus of an international working group. Results of a multicentre reliability study.
Pediatric Radiology.
ISSN 0301-0449.
42(9),
s. 1047–1055.
doi:
10.1007/s00247-012-2392-4.
Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
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Müller, Ording Lil-Sofie; Avenarius, Derk & Olsen, Øystein E
(2011).
High signal in bone marrow at diffusion-weighted imaging with body background suppression (DWIBS) in healthy children.
Pediatric Radiology.
ISSN 0301-0449.
41(2),
s. 221–226.
doi:
10.1007/s00247-010-1774-8.
Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
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Riccabona, Michael; Avni, Fred E.; Dacher, Jean-Nicolas; Damasio, Maria Beatrice; Darge, Kassa & Lobo, M. Luisa
[Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2010).
ESPR uroradiology task force and ESUR paediatric working group: imaging and procedural recommendations in paediatric uroradiology, part III. Minutes of the ESPR uroradiology task force minisymposium on intravenous urography, uro-CT and MR-urography in childhood.
Pediatric Radiology.
ISSN 0301-0449.
40(7),
s. 1315–1320.
doi:
10.1007/s00247-010-1686-7.
Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
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Steensrud, Tor; Müller, L-S Ording & Sørlie, Dag Glen
(2008).
Unilateral adrenal haemorrhage following systemic thrombolysis.
Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery.
ISSN 1569-9293.
7(3),
s. 430–431.
doi:
10.1510/icvts.2007.170795.
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Herrmann, Jochen; Müller, Lil-Sofie Ording; Franchi‑Abella, Stéphanie; Verhagen, Martijn V.; McGuirk, Simon P. & Dammann, Elena
[Vis alle 29 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2024).
Correction to: European Society of Pediatric Radiology survey of perioperative imaging in pediatric liver transplantation: (1) pre‑transplant evaluation (Pediatric Radiology, (2023), 54, 2, (260-268), 10.1007/s00247-023-05797-1).
Pediatric Radiology.
ISSN 0301-0449.
54(2),
s. 373–374.
doi:
10.1007/s00247-023-05843-y.
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Aarseth, Svein; Sund, Torbjørn; Müller, Lil-Sofie Ording & Bring, Johan
(2022).
Feil i aldersvurderingen av unge asylsøkere.
Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening (Tidsskriftet).
ISSN 0029-2001.
142(11).
doi:
10.4045/tidsskr.22.0307.
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Dagens bruk av verktøyet BioAlder for å finne sannsynlig aldersspenn hos asylsøkere er basert på en statistisk feilslutning. Mindreårige risikerer å klassifiseres som voksne.
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Avni, Fred E.; Lerisson, Heloise; Lobo, Luisa; Cartigny, Maryse; Napolitano, Marcelo & Mentzel, Hans-Joachim
[Vis alle 16 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2019).
Correction to: Plea for a standardized imaging approach to disorders of sex development in neonates: Consensus proposal from European Society of Paediatric Radiology task force (Pediatric Radiology, (2019), 49, 9, (1240-1247), 10.1007/s00247-019-04414-4).
Pediatric Radiology.
ISSN 0301-0449.
49(9),
s. 1248–1248.
doi:
10.1007/s00247-019-04453-x.
Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
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Lobo, M. Luisa; Riccabona, Michael & Müller, Lil-Sofie Ording
(2018).
Reply to Reck-Burneo et al.: imaging anorectal and cloacal malformations.
Pediatric Radiology.
ISSN 0301-0449.
48(3),
s. 445–445.
doi:
10.1007/s00247-018-4075-2.
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Lange, Charlotte de; Möller, Thomas; Müller, Lil-Sofie Ording; Taksdal, Ingeborg & Brandis, Elisabeth von
(2017).
Subperiosteal haematoma (ECR 2017 Case of the Day).
Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
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Nystedt, Ann; Heiberg, Lise; deLange, Charlotte; Kjosbakken, Heidi; Gunnlaugsson, Eirikur & Ording-Müller, Lil-Sofie
(2013).
Inter- and intra reader agreement of cine fluoroscopy in the assessment of tracheobronchomalacia in children.
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Publisert
4. sep. 2024 14:45
- Sist endret
13. nov. 2024 15:06