Svein Olav Kolset

• Doncheva, Atanaska; Higa, Ryoko; Khanal, Prabhat; Ingebrigtsen, Martine Villemo Øksenvåg; Li, Yuchuan & Kolan, Shrikant [Vis alle 16 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2025). Elevated adipose inflammation, but reduced hepatic triacylglycerol storage in diet-induced obese Plin4/mice. Journal of Biological Chemistry. ISSN 0021-9258. 302(2). doi: 10.1016/j.jbc.2025.111043. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Røstad-Tollefsen, Helen Kathrine; Venås, Benedicte Hagen; Kolset, Svein Olav; Retterstøl, Kjetil; Havdal, Hanne Hennig & Nordstrøm, Marianne (2025). External Factors Influencing the Motivation and Performance of Staff in Their Nutritional Work With Adults With Intellectual Disabilities. JARID: Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities. ISSN 1360-2322. 38(1). doi: 10.1111/jar.70002. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background Staff working in municipal care homes with adults with intellectual disabilities impact their diet significantly. Aim To explore how external factors influence staff's motivation and performance of nutritional work with these residents. Method Semi-structured qualitative interviews with 11 staff using systematic text condensation for analysis. Results Five main themes were revealed: Need for the implementation of the official nutritional guidelines, lack of nutritional skills and knowledge, prioritisation of nutritional work tasks, staff's ethical dilemmas with the different legislations and management anchoring and collaboration. Conclusions Implementing systematic nutritional routines and clarifying nutritional work in practice were emphasised to promote continuity and better cooperation among the staff. This, and the need for increased nutritional competence in the municipality organisation, adequate framework conditions for nutritional work and practical and pedagogical measures for nutritional tasks, were crucial factors for staff's motivation, performance, consistency and equality in nutritional practice.

• Støle, Thea Parsberg; Romaine, Andreas; Kleiberg, Thea; Høst, Vibeke; Lunde, Marianne & Hasic, Almira [Vis alle 14 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2025). Cardiac implications of chicken wooden breast myopathy. Frontiers in Physiology. 16, s. 1–14. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2025.1547661. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Introduction: Wooden breast disease is a myopathy of the skeletal muscle in chickens of commercial breeding. Although the underlying pathophysiology remains unknown, we and others have previously shown that affected broilers display varying degrees of fibrosis, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, inflammation, and alterations in various molecular signaling pathways. Other myopathy conditions, such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy, also affect the cardiac muscle and are associated with fibrosis and reduced cardiac function. To determine potential cardiac implications of wooden breast disease and identify whether molecular and fibrotic changes were similar to what we have previously found in the breast, we have investigated the hearts of commercial Ross 308 broilers. Methods: Hearts from male Ross 308 broiler chickens from mildly and severely wooden breast-affected chickens categorized in previous studies were analyzed. Ventricles from the hearts were analyzed by immunoblotting, real-time qPCR, near-infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and Masson`s trichrome histology. RNA sequencing was also conducted to identify the molecular footprint of the mildly and severely wooden breast-affected chickens. Results: Compared to mildly affected chickens, the severely wooden breast-affected chickens did not show an increase in heart weight, water-binding capacity, or macronutrient composition. The hearts did also not display any differences in fibrosis development, extracellular matrix gene expression, or typical cardiac and inflammatory markers. The severely affected chickens did, however, show a reduction in protein levels of biglycan and fibromodulin, as well as alterations in matrix metalloproteinase 2, Wnt ligands, mTOR signaling, heat shock protein 70, and muscle LIM protein. Functional enrichment analysis of RNA sequencing also suggested a different molecular footprint of biological processes and pathways between the two groups. Conclusion: Hearts from wooden breast-affected chickens did not display the same fibrotic alterations as those previously found in the breast. Despite few alterations detected in the markers and signaling molecules tested, RNA sequencing indicated a different molecular footprint in the hearts of severely compared to mildly wooden breast-affected chickens.

• Meen, Astri Jeanette; Doncheva, Atanaska Ivanova; Böttcher, Yvonne; Dankel, Simon N; Hoffmann, Anne & Blüher, Matthias [Vis alle 16 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Obesity Is Associated with Distorted Proteoglycan Expression in Adipose Tissue. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. ISSN 1661-6596. 24(8). doi: 10.3390/ijms24086884. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Proteoglycans are central components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and binding partners for inflammatory chemokines. Morphological differences in the ECM and increased inflammation are prominent features of the white adipose tissues in patients with obesity. The impact of obesity and weight loss on the expression of specific proteoglycans in adipose tissue is not well known. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between adiposity and proteoglycan expression. We analyzed transcriptomic data from two human bariatric surgery cohorts. In addition, RT-qPCR was performed on adipose tissues from female and male mice fed a high-fat diet. Both visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue depots were analyzed. Adipose mRNA expression of specific proteoglycans, proteoglycan biosynthetic enzymes, proteoglycan partner molecules, and other ECM-related proteins were altered in both human cohorts. We consistently observed more profound alterations in gene expression of ECM targets in the visceral adipose tissues after surgery (among others VCAN (p = 0.000309), OGN (p = 0.000976), GPC4 (p = 0.00525), COL1A1 (p = 0.00221)). Further, gene analyses in mice revealed sex differences in these two tissue compartments in obese mice. We suggest that adipose tissue repair is still in progress long after surgery, which may reflect challenges in remodeling increased adipose tissues. This study can provide the basis for more mechanistic studies on the role of proteoglycans in adipose tissues in obesity.

• Røstad-Tollefsen, Helen Kathrine; Kolset, Svein Olav; Retterstøl, Kjetil; Rendal, Heidi Hesselberg & Nordstrøm, Marianne (2023). Weight reduction and dietary improvements in a cluster-randomised controlled trial for adults with intellectual disabilities. Food & Nutrition Research (FNR). ISSN 1654-6628. 67. doi: 10.29219/fnr.v67.9505. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background: People with intellectual disabilities (IDs) have an increased risk of obesity and health concerns related to their nutritional status and dietary intake. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of a multi-component intervention on weight, waist circumference (WC), clinical health parameters and dietary habits in a group of overweight and obese adults with mild-to-moderate ID. Design: A 7-month cluster-randomised trial and a 7-month follow-up of the intervention group after the end of intervention when the group received usual care. The intervention consisted of monthly dietary-group courses tailored to the participants’ cognitive abilities and practical skills, monthly nutritional courses for staff, use of behaviour change techniques and nudging. The control group received usual care during the intervention. Results: There were 32 participants aged 22–61 years: 15 in the intervention group and 17 in the control group. After 7 months, a non-significant weight difference (median difference = −1.25 kg; 95% confidence interval [CI] = −2.00; 0.95 vs. +1.00 kg; CI = −1.15; 3.00, P = 0.08) and a significant WC difference were observed between the intervention and control groups (median difference = −3.75 cm; CI: −7.68; 0.11 vs. 0 cm; CI = −3.99; 1.00, P = 0.03), respectively. The median reduction in WC continued in the intervention group during the 7-month follow-up (median difference = −7.50 cm; CI: −13.57; −3.16, P = 0.002). A significant difference in frequency intake of fruit (P = 0.03) and berries (P = 0.004) was observed between the groups after 7 months, supported by a significant increase in measured serum-carotenoid levels in the intervention group after 7 months (median difference = 0.26 mmol/L; CI: −0.12; 0.52, P = 0.007). Conclusions: A significant difference in WC was observed between the groups, accompanied by changes in blood parameters and dietary habits.

• Doncheva, Atanaska Ivanova; Li, Yuchuan; Khanal, Prabhat; Hjorth, Marit; Kolset, Svein Olav & Norheim, Frode Amador [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Altered hepatic lipid droplet morphology and lipid metabolism in fasted Plin2-null mice. Journal of Lipid Research. ISSN 0022-2275. 64(12). doi: 10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100461. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Perilipin 2 (Plin2) binds to the surface of hepatic lipid droplets (LDs) with expression levels that correlate with triacylglyceride (TAG) content. We investigated if Plin2 is important for hepatic LD storage in fasted or high-fat diet-induced obese Plin2+/+ and Plin2−/− mice. Plin2−/− mice had comparable body weights, metabolic phenotype, glucose tolerance, and circulating TAG and total cholesterol levels compared with Plin2+/+ mice, regardless of the dietary regime. Both fasted and high-fat fed Plin2−/− mice stored reduced levels of hepatic TAG compared with Plin2+/+ mice. Fasted Plin2−/− mice stored fewer but larger hepatic LDs compared with Plin2+/+ mice. Detailed hepatic lipid analysis showed substantial reductions in accumulated TAG species in fasted Plin2−/− mice compared with Plin2+/+ mice, whereas cholesteryl esters and phosphatidylcholines were increased. RNA-Seq revealed minor differences in hepatic gene expression between fed Plin2+/+ and Plin2−/− mice, in contrast to marked differences in gene expression between fasted Plin2+/+ and Plin2−/− mice. Our findings demonstrate that Plin2 is required to regulate hepatic LD size and storage of neutral lipid species in the fasted state, while its role in obesity-induced steatosis is less clear.

• Pejšková, Lucie; Rønning, Sissel Beate; Kent, Matthew Peter; Solberg, Nina; Høst, Vibeke & To, Thu-Hien [Vis alle 13 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Characterization of wooden breast myopathy: a focus on syndecans and ECM remodeling. Frontiers in Physiology. 14, s. 1–17. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1301804. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The skeletal muscle deformity of commercial chickens (Gallus gallus), known as the wooden breast (WB), is associated with fibrotic myopathy of unknown etiology. For future breeding strategies and genetic improvements, it is essential to identify the molecular mechanisms underlying the phenotype. The pathophysiological hallmarks of WB include severe skeletal muscle fibrosis, inflammation, myofiber necrosis, and multifocal degeneration of muscle tissue. The transmembrane proteoglycans syndecans have a wide spectrum of biological functions and are master regulators of tissue homeostasis. They are upregulated and shed (cleaved) as a regulatory mechanism during tissue repair and regeneration. During the last decades, it has become clear that the syndecan family also has critical functions in skeletal muscle growth, however, their potential involvement in WB pathogenesis is unknown.

• Hope, Sigrun; Nærland, Terje; Kolset, Svein Olav; Ueland, Thor; Andreassen, Ole & Nordstrøm, Marianne (2023). Systemic immune profile in Prader-Willi syndrome: elevated matrix metalloproteinase and myeloperoxidase and reduced macrophage inhibitory factor. Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases. 18(1), s. 185–185. doi: 10.1186/s13023-023-02730-5. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background - Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare genetic neurodevelopmental syndrome with highly increased risk of obesity and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Recent evidence suggests that inflammation is implicated in the pathogenesis. Here we investigated CVD related immune markers to shed light on pathogenetic mechanisms.<p> <p>Methods - We performed a cross-sectional study with 22 participants with PWS and 22 healthy controls (HC), and compared levels of 21 inflammatory markers that reflect activity in different aspects of CVD related immune pathways and analyzed their association with clinical CVD risk factors.<p> <p>Results - Serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) was (median (range)) 121 (182) ng/ml in PWS versus 44 (51) ng/ml in HC, p = 1 × 10-9), myeloperoxidase (MPO) was 183 (696) ng/ml versus 65 (180) ng/ml, p = 1 × 10-5) and macrophage inhibitory factor (MIF) was 46 (150) ng/ml versus 121 (163) ng/ml (p = 1 × 10-3), after adjusting for age and sex. Also other markers tended to be elevated (OPG, sIL2RA, CHI3L1, VEGF) but not significantly after Bonferroni correction (p > 0.002). As expected PWS had higher body mass index, waist circumference, leptin, C-reactive protein, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), VAI and cholesterol, but MMP-9, MPO and MIF remained significantly different in PWS after adjustment for these clinical CVD risk factors.<p> <p>Conclusion - PWS had elevated levels of MMP-9 and MPO and of reduced levels of MIF, which were not secondary to comorbid CVD risk factors. This immune profile suggests enhanced monocyte/neutrophil activation, impaired macrophage inhibition with enhanced extracellular matrix remodeling. These findings warrant further studies targeting these immune pathways in PWS.

• Andreassen, R. Christel; Rønning, Sissel Beate; Solberg, Nina Therese; Grønlien, Krister Gjestvang; Kristoffersen, Kenneth Aase & Høst, Vibeke [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Production of food-grade microcarriers based on by-products from the food industry to facilitate the expansion of bovine skeletal muscle satellite cells for cultured meat production. Biomaterials. ISSN 0142-9612. 286. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121602. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  A major challenge for successful cultured meat production is the requirement for large quantities of skeletal muscle satellite cells (MuSCs). Commercial microcarriers (MCs), such as Cytodex®1, enable extensive cell expansion by offering a large surface-to-volume ratio. However, the cell-dissociation step post cell expansion makes the cell expansion less efficient. A solution is using food-grade MCs made of sustainable raw materials that do not require a dissociation step and can be included in the final meat product. This study aimed to produce food-grade MCs from food industry by-products (i.e., turkey collagen and eggshell membrane) and testing their ability to expand bovine MuSCs in spinner flask systems for eight days. The MCs’ physical properties were characterized, followed by analyzing the cell adhesion, growth, and metabolic activity. All MCs had an interconnected porous structure. Hybrid MCs composed of eggshell membrane and collagen increased the mechanical hardness and stabilized the buoyancy compared to pure collagen MCs. The MuSCs successively attached and covered the entire surface of all MCs while expressing high cell proliferation, metabolic activity, and low cell cytotoxicity. Cytodex®1 MCs were included in the study. Relative gene expression of skeletal muscle markers showed reduced PAX7 and increased MYF5, which together with augmented proliferation marker MKI67 indicated activated and proliferating MuSCs on all MCs. Furthermore, the expression pattern of cell adhesion receptors (ITGb5 and SDC4) and focal adhesion marker VCL varied between the distinct MCs, indicating different specific cell receptor interactions with the various biomaterials. Altogether, our results demonstrate that these biomaterials are promising prospects to produce custom-fabricated food-grade MCs intended to expand MuSCs.

• Hetland, Geir; Fagerhol, Magne Kristoffer; Dimova-Svetoslavova, Veselka Petrova; Mirlashari, Mohammad Reza; Nguyen, Nhan Trung & Lind, Andreas [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Inflammatory markers calprotectin, NETs, syndecan-1 and neopterin in COVID-19 convalescent blood donors. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation. ISSN 0036-5513. 82(6), s. 481–485. doi: 10.1080/00365513.2022.2123387. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Persisting inflammation has been discovered in lungs and other parenchymatous organs of some COVID-19 convalescents. Calprotectin, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), syndecan-1 and neopterin are general key inflammatory markers, and systemically enhanced levels of them may remain after the COVID-19 infection. These inflammatory markers were therefore measured in serum samples of 129 COVID-19 convalescent and 27 healthy blood donors or employees at Oslo Blood bank, Norway. Also antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antigen were measured, and timing of sampling and severity of infection noted. Whereas neopterin and NETs values remained low and those for syndecan-1 were not raised to statistically significant level, concentrations for calprotectin, as measured by a novel mixed monoclonal assay, were significantly increased in the convalescents. Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antigen were elevated, but did not correlate with levels of inflammatory markers. Difference between the groups in only one biomarker makes evaluation of ongoing or residual inflammation in the convalescents difficult. If there is a low-grade inflammation, it would in that case involve neutrophils.

• Gabriel, Marta Tellez; Tekpli, Xavier; Reine, Trine M.; Hegge, Beate; Nielsen, Stephanie Rose & Chen, Meng [Vis alle 15 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Serglycin is Involved in TGF-β induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition and is highly expressed by immune cells in breast cancer tissue. Frontiers in Oncology. 12:868868, s. 1–13. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.868868. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Serglycin is a proteoglycan highly expressed by immune cells, in which its functions are linked to storage, secretion, transport, and protection of chemokines, proteases, histamine, growth factors, and other bioactive molecules. In recent years, it has been demonstrated that serglycin is also expressed by several other cell types, such as endothelial cells, muscle cells, and multiple types of cancer cells. Here, we show that serglycin expression is upregulated in transforming growth factor beta (TGF-b) induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Functional studies provide evidence that serglycin plays an important role in the regulation of the transition between the epithelial and mesenchymal phenotypes, and it is a significant EMT marker gene. We further find that serglycin is more expressed by breast cancer cell lines with a mesenchymal phenotype as well as the basal-like subtype of breast cancers. By examining immune staining and single cell sequencing data of breast cancer tissue, we show that serglycin is highly expressed by infiltrating immune cells in breast tumor tissue.

• Kristiansen, Oddrun; Roland, Marie Cecilie; Zucknick, Manuela; Reine, Trine M.; Kolset, Svein Olav & Henriksen, Tore [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Maternal body mass index and placental weight: a role for fetal insulin, maternal insulin and leptin. Journal of Endocrinological Investigation. ISSN 0391-4097. 45, s. 2105–2121. doi: 10.1007/s40618-022-01842-2. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Purpose Placental weight (PW) has been found to mediate the main effect of maternal BMI on fetal size. Still, the BMI–PW association is poorly understood. Therefore, we aimed to explore potential explanatory variables, including gestational weight gain (GWG), early- and late-pregnancy circulating levels of maternal glucose, insulin, leptin, adiponectin, triglycerides, LDL-C, and HDL-C, and fetal insulin. Methods We included two studies of pregnant women from Oslo University Hospital, Norway: the prospective STORK (n = 263) and the cross-sectional 4-vessel method study (4-vessel; n = 165). We used multiple linear regression for data analyses. A non-linear BMI-PW association was observed, which leveled off from BMI25. Therefore, BMI <25 and ≥25 were analyzed separately (n = 170/122 and 93/43 for STORK/4-vessel). Confounding variables included maternal age, parity, and gestational age. Results PW increased significantly per kg m−2 only among BMI <25 (univariate model’s std.β[p] = 0.233 [0.002] vs. 0.074[0.48]/0.296[0.001] vs. −0.030[0.85] for BMI <25 vs. ≥25 in STORK/4-vessel). Maternal early- but not late-pregnancy insulin and term fetal insulin were associated with PW. The estimated effect of early pregnancy insulin was similar between the BMI groups but statistically significant only among BMI <25 (std.β[p] = 0.182[0.016] vs. 0.203[0.07] for BMI <25 vs. ≥25). Late pregnancy leptin was inversely associated with PW with a 1.3/1.7-fold greater effect among BMI ≥25 than BMI <25 in the STORK/4-vessel. Conclusions The BMI–PW association was non-linear: an association was observed for BMI <25 but not for BMI ≥25. Leptin may be involved in the non-linear association through a placental–adipose tissue interplay. Maternal early pregnancy insulin and fetal insulin at term were associated with PW.

• Doncheva, Atanaska Ivanova; Norheim, Frode Amador; Hjorth, Marit; Grujic, Mirjana; Paivandy, Aida & Dankel, Simon N [Vis alle 14 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Serglycin Is Involved in Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Obesity. Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0022-1767. 208(1), s. 121–132. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100231. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Chronic local inflammation of adipose tissue is an important feature of obesity. Serglycin is a proteoglycan highly expressed by various immune cell types known to infiltrate adipose tissue under obese conditions. To investigate if serglycin expression has an impact on diet-induced adipose tissue inflammation, we subjected Srgn+/+ and Srgn−/− mice (C57BL/6J genetic background) to an 8-wk high-fat and high-sucrose diet. The total body weight was the same in Srgn+/+ and Srgn−/− mice after diet treatment. Expression of white adipose tissue genes linked to inflammatory pathways were lower in Srgn−/− mice. We also noted reduced total macrophage abundance, a reduced proportion of proinflammatory M1 macrophages, and reduced formation of crown-like structures in adipose tissue of Srgn−/− compared with Srgn+/+ mice. Further, Srgn−/− mice had more medium-sized adipocytes and fewer large adipocytes. Differentiation of preadipocytes into adipocytes (3T3-L1) was accompanied by reduced Srgn mRNA expression. In line with this, analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing data from mouse and human adipose tissue supports that Srgn mRNA is predominantly expressed by various immune cells, with low expression in adipocytes. Srgn mRNA expression was higher in obese compared with lean humans and mice, accompanied by an increased expression of immune cell gene markers. SRGN and inflammatory marker mRNA expression was reduced upon substantial weight loss in patients after bariatric surgery. Taken together, this study introduces a role for serglycin in the regulation of obesity-induced adipose inflammation.

• Kristiansen, Oddrun; Zucknick, Manuela; Reine, Trine M.; Kolset, Svein Olav; Jansson, Thomas & Powell, Theresa L. [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Mediators linking maternal weight to birthweight and neonatal fat mass in healthy pregnancies. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism (JCEM). ISSN 0021-972X. 106(7), s. 1977–1993. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgab166. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Abstract Context Lifestyle interventions have not efficaciously reduced complications caused by maternal weight on fetal growth, requiring insight into explanatory mediators. Objective We hypothesized that maternal mediators, including adiponectin, leptin, insulin, and glucose, mediate effects of pregestational BMI (pBMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) on birthweight and neonatal fat mass percentage (FM%) through placental weight and fetal mediators, including insulin levels (Ifv) and venous-arterial glucose difference (ΔGfva). Hypothesized confounders were maternal age, gestational age, and parity. Methods A cross-sectional study of healthy mother-offspring-pairs (n = 165) applying the 4-vessel in vivo sampling method at Oslo University Hospital, Norway. We obtained pBMI, GWG, birthweight, and placental weight. FM% was available and calculated for a subcohort (n = 84). We measured circulating levels of adiponectin, leptin, glucose, and insulin and performed path analysis and traditional mediation analyses based on linear regression models. Results The total effect of pBMI and GWG on newborn size was estimated to be 30 g (range, 16-45 g) birthweight and 0.17 FM% (range, 0.04-0.29 FM%) per kg∙m–2 pBMI and 31 g (range, 18-44 g) and 0.24 FM% (range, 0.10-0.37 FM%) per kg GWG. The placental weight was the main mediator, mediating 25-g birthweight and 0.11 FM% per kg∙m–2 pBMI and 25-g birthweight and 0.13 FM% per kg GWG. The maternal mediators mediated a smaller part of the effect of pBMI (3.8-g birthweight and 0.023 FM% per kg∙m–2 pBMI) but not GWG. Conclusion Placental weight was the main mediator linking pBMI and GWG to birthweight and FM%. The effect of pBMI, but not GWG, on birthweight and FM%, was also mediated via the maternal and fetal mediators.

• Deyab, Gia; Reine, Trine M.; Vuong, Tram Thu; Jenssen, Trond Geir; Hjeltnes, Gunnbjørg & Agewall, Stefan [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Antirheumatic treatment is associated with reduced serum Syndecan-1 in Rheumatoid Arthritis. PLOS ONE. 16(7), s. e0253247–e0253247. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253247. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The endothelial glycocalyx (EG) is essential for proper function of the endothelium and for vascular integrity, but its role in premature atherogenesis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has not been studied yet. EG impairment can play a role in pathogenesis of vascular disease, and one of its characteristics is shedding of syndecan-1 from endothelial cells. Syndecan-1 shedding is mediated by matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and counteracted by tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1. Cardiovascular disease risk in RA is reversible by disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), but the exact modes of action are still unclear. Therefore, we examined effects of DMARDs on syndecan-1, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in RA patients, and searched for associations between these parameters and inflammatory activity. From the observational PSARA study, we examined 39 patients starting with methotrexate (MTX) monotherapy (in MTX naïve patients, n = 19) or tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) in combination with MTX (in MTX non-responders, n = 20) due to active RA. Serum syndecan-1, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were measured at baseline and after six weeks of treatment. Serum syndecan-1 (p = 0.008) and TIMP-1 (p<0.001) levels decreased after six weeks of anti-rheumatic treatment. Levels of MMP-9 also decreased, but the difference was not statistically significant. The improvement in syndecan-1 levels were independent of changes in inflammatory activity. There was no significant difference in changes in syndecan-1 levels from baseline to 6 weeks between the MTX and TNFi groups, however the change was significant within the MTX group. Six weeks of antirheumatic treatment was associated with reduction in serum levels of syndecan-1, which might reflect reduced syndecan-1 shedding from EG. Thus, it is possible that EG-preserving properties of DMARDs might contribute to their cardioprotective effects. These effects may be at least partly independent of their anti-inflammatory actions. Our findings do not support the notion that syndecan-1 shedding in RA is mediated mainly by increased MMP-9 or decreased TIMP-9 serum concentration.

• Rønning, Sissel Beate; Carlson, Cathrine Rein; Aronsen, Jan Magnus; Pisconti, Addolorata; Høst, Vibeke & Lunde, Marianne [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Syndecan-4–/– Mice Have Smaller Muscle Fibers, Increased Akt/mTOR/S6K1 and Notch/HES-1 Pathways, and Alterations in Extracellular Matrix Components. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00730. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background: Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling is essential for skeletal muscle development and adaption in response to environmental cues such as exercise and injury. The cell surface proteoglycan syndecan-4 has been reported to be essential for muscle differentiation, but few molecular mechanisms are known. Syndecan-4–/– mice are unable to regenerate damaged muscle, and display deficient satellite cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation. A reduced myofiber basal lamina has also been reported in syndecan-4–/– muscle, indicating possible defects in ECM production. To get a better understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms, we have here investigated the effects of syndecan-4 genetic ablation on molecules involved in ECM remodeling and muscle growth, both under steady state conditions and in response to exercise. Methods: Tibialis anterior (TA) muscles from sedentary and exercised syndecan-4–/– and WT mice were analyzed by immunohistochemistry, real-time PCR and western blotting. Results: Compared to WT, we found that syndecan-4–/– mice had reduced body weight, reduced muscle weight, muscle fibers with a smaller cross-sectional area, and reduced expression of myogenic regulatory transcription factors. Sedentary syndecan-4–/– had also increased mRNA levels of syndecan-2, decorin, collagens, fibromodulin, biglycan, and LOX. Some of these latter ECM components were reduced at protein level, suggesting them to be more susceptible to degradation or less efficiently translated when syndecan-4 is absent. At the protein level, TRPC7 was reduced, whereas activation of the Akt/mTOR/S6K1 and Notch/HES-1 pathways were increased. Finally, although exercise induced upregulation of several of these components in WT, a further upregulation of these molecules was not observed in exercised syndecan-4–/– mice. Conclusion: Altogether our data suggest an important role of syndecan-4 in muscle development.

• Nordstrøm, Marianne; Retterstøl, Kjetil; Hope, Sigrun & Kolset, Svein Olav (2020). Nutritional challenges in children and adolescents with Down syndrome. The Lancet Child and Adolescent Health. ISSN 2352-4642. 4(6), s. 455–464. doi: 10.1016/S2352-4642(19)30400-6. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Several features and comorbidities in Down syndrome have nutritional implications and consequences. In infancy and early childhood, children with Down syndrome have a high risk of oral motor difficulties and pharyngeal dysphagia with aspiration, which both require systematic attention. To improve nutritional status in children who are underweight and who have clinical signs of feeding problems, further evaluation of underlying causes is required. Clinical interventions should promote swallowing safety and development of feeding abilities. Even from 4–5 years of age, overweight in children with Down syndrome can be a concern. To prevent disease later in life, an urgent need exists for more research on nutritional aspects in the prevention and treatment of obesity in adolescents with Down syndrome. This Review did not find any data to support the use of dietary supplementation, except when deficiency is documented. Additionally, the literature reported the need for more research that uses larger study samples and control groups and that addresses important nutritional challenges in children and adolescents with Down syndrome.

• Røstad-Tollefsen, Helen K.; Kolset, Svein Olav; Retterstøl, Kjetil; Hesselberg, Heidi & Nordstrøm, Marianne (2020). Factors influencing the opportunities of supporting staff to promote a healthy diet in adults with intellectual disabilities. JARID: Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities. ISSN 1360-2322. s. 1–9. doi: 10.1111/jar.12846. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background Adults with intellectual disabilities living in residential houses have a high prevalence of obesity which is related to poor dietary habits. Aim The aim of this study was to assess supporting staff`s thoughts and experiences on factors influencing their opportunities to promote a healthy diet in adults with intellectual disabilities. Methods 13 supporting staff members were recruited from 11 different residential houses in a community. Concept Mapping methodology was used, including group interviews, sorting, rating statement and analysing the results. Results Seven clusters most accurately captured the ideas of the supporting staff`. ‘Attitudes’, ‘Facilitating a healthy diet’, ‘Practical cooking skills’ and ‘Applied dietary knowledge’ were the four most important. Conclusions Multiple factors influence the opportunities of supporting staff to promote a healthy diet. A holistic approach addressing all relevant factors is necessary when developing interventions to address this complex issue in persons with intellectual disabilities.

• Rutkovskiy, Arkady; Olovyannikova, Maria; Siamansour, Tanja; Reine, Trine M.; Kolset, Svein Olav & Sand, Kristin Larsen [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Mechanical stress alters the expression of calcification-related genes in vascular interstitial and endothelial cells. Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery. ISSN 1569-9293. 28(5), s. 803–811. doi: 10.1093/icvts/ivy339. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Reine, Trine M.; Lanzalaco, Franceska; Kristiansen, Oddrun; Alvestad, Anne Randi; Satchell, Simon & Jenssen, Trond Geir [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Matrix metalloproteinase-9 mediated shedding of syndecan-4 in glomerular endothelial cells. Microcirculation. ISSN 1073-9688. :e12534. doi: 10.1111/micc.12534. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  <p><i>Background - </i>Diabetic nephropathy is the most common cause of end‐stage renal failure in the western world and Asia. The mechanisms are not fully elucidated, but disruption of glomerular endothelial glycocalyx and shedding of its components including syndecans has been implicated. <p><i>Aims - </i>We hypothesize that reduced glomerular filtration in diabetes is caused by disruption of endothelial glycocalyx in glomeruli, including increased shedding of syndecan‐4. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of experimental diabetic conditions by means of hyperglycemia and IL‐1β exposure on syndecan‐4 shedding in GEnC, and to investigate regulation of shedding by sheddases. <p><i>Results - </i>We found that in GEnC the expression of syndecan‐4 is higher than that of the other syndecans. In polarized GEnC, apical shedding of syndecan‐4 and syndecan‐4 gene expression was increased by 60% after IL‐1β‐stimulation, but not affected by hyperglycemic conditions. This was accompanied by a 50% increase in MMP9 gene expression in IL‐1β‐stimulated cells but not hyperglycemia. MMP9 knockdown reduced syndecan‐4 shedding by 50%. <p><i>Conclusion - </i>IL‐1β but not hyperglycemia increases the shedding of syndecan‐4 from GEnC in an MMP9‐dependent manner. This provides a potential mechanism of GEnC damage in diabetes and other inflammatory conditions.

• Lee-Ødegård, Sindre; Kolset, Svein Olav; Birkeland, Kåre I.; Drevon, Christian A & Reine, Trine M. (2019). Acute exercise increases syndecan-1 and -4 serum concentrations. Glycoconjugate Journal. ISSN 0282-0080. 36(2), s. 113–125. doi: 10.1007/s10719-019-09869-z. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The effects of acute and long-term exercise on syndecans and the relationship to insulin sensitivity are not fully explored. We aimed to examine the effects of acute and 12 weeks of exercise on (1) serum levels of syndecan-1 and -4, (2) gene expression related to syndecan synthesis and modification in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue, and (3) the relationship to insulin sensitivity. Sedentary men with (n = 13) or without (n = 13) dysglycemia underwent two 45 min acute bicycle tests interspersed by 12 weeks of exercise intervention. Euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp and mRNA-sequencing of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue biopsies were performed before and after intervention. Serum syndecan-1 and -4 levels were quantified before, immediately after and 2 h after bicycling. Syndecan-1 and -4 serum concentrations increased in response to acute physical exercise. Baseline syndecan-4 but not syndecan-1 concentrations were higher in dysglycemic compared to normoglycemic men, and correlated to change in insulin sensitivity, but did not change during the 12 weeks exercise intervention. Only syndecan-4 was expressed in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. Adipose tissue mRNA levels of transcripts affecting syndecan structure and shedding were upregulated in dysglycemia, and muscle mRNA responded to long-term physical activity. The increase in serum syndecan-1 and -4 due to acute exercise suggest increased syndecan shedding and disruption of glycocalyx in response to increased blood flow. The higher syndecan-4 baseline serum levels in dysglycemia, association to insulin sensitivity, and changes in mRNA transcripts may suggest syndecan-4 involvement in muscle and adipose tissue response to exercise.

• Solbu, Marit Dahl; Kolset, Svein Olav; Jenssen, Trond Geir; Wilsgaard, Tom; Løchen, Maja-Lisa & Mathiesen, Ellisiv B. [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2018). Gender differences in the association of syndecan-4 with myocardial infarction: The population-based Tromsø Study. Atherosclerosis. ISSN 0021-9150. 278, s. 166–173. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.08.005. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Nordstrøm, Marianne; Kolset, Svein Olav & Rasmussen, Magnhild (2018). Ernæringsbehandling av pasienter med spinal muskelatrofi. Norsk tidsskrift for ernæring (NTFE). ISSN 1503-5034. s. 8–14. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Vuong, Tram Thu; Rønning, Sissel Beate; Kolset, Svein Olav & Pedersen, Mona Elisabeth (2017). The enzyme profiles in the connective tissue attaching pin bones to the surrounding tissue is specific in farmed salmon (Salmo salar) and cod (Gadus morhua L.). Fish Physiology & Biochemistry. ISSN 0920-1742. 43(1), s. 19–25. doi: 10.1007/s10695-016-0264-9. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Post mortem storage is a necessary process for removal of pin bones without destruction of fillets, thereby avoiding volume and economic loss. However, the enzymes involved in loosening pin bones during storage have not been studied to a great extent. In this study, the activities and localization of MMPs in the connective tissue (CT) of pin bones dissected from fillet of salmon and cod were investigated. Interestingly, the enzyme activity profile in these two species was different during post mortem storage of fish fillets. Adding MMP inhibitor (GM6001) and serine protease inhibitor (Pefabloc) revealed different effects in the two species, suggesting different regulations in salmon and cod. In situ zymography with the same inhibitors verified MMP and serine protease activity in CT close to pin bone at early post mortem (6 h) in salmon. However, MMP inhibition was not evident in cod in this area at that time point. Immunohistochemistry further revealed MMP9 and MMP13 were located more to the outer rim of CT, facing the pin bone and adipose tissue, while MMP7 was more randomly distributed within CT in salmon. In contrast, all these three MMPs were randomly distributed in CT in cod. In summary, our study reveals different MMP enzyme profiles in salmon and cod in the pin bone area, influenced by serine proteases, and suggests that MMPs and serine proteases must be taken in consideration when studying the conditions for early pin bone removal.

• Kolseth, Ingrid Moss; Reine, Trine M.; Parker, Krystina; Sudworth, Amanda; Witczak, Bartlomiej J & Jenssen, Trond Geir [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2017). Increased levels of inflammatory mediators and proinflammatory monocytes in patients with type I diabetes mellitus and nephropathy. Journal of Diabetes and its Complications (JDC). ISSN 1056-8727. 31(1), s. 245–252. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2016.06.029. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Rønning, Sissel Beate; Østbye, Tone-Kari K; Krasnov, Aleksei; Vuong, Tram Thu; Veiseth-Kent, Eva & Kolset, Svein Olav [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2016). The role of extracellular matrix components in pin bone attachments during storage—a comparison between farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and cod (Gadus morhua L.). Fish Physiology & Biochemistry. ISSN 0920-1742. s. 1–14. doi: 10.1007/s10695-016-0309-0. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Pin bones represent a major problem for processing and quality of fish products. Development of methods of removal requires better knowledge of the pin bones’ attachment to the muscle and structures involved in the breakdown during loosening. In this study, pin bones from cod and salmon were dissected from fish fillets after slaughter or storage on ice for 5 days, and thereafter analysed with molecular methods, which revealed major differences between these species before and after storage. The connective tissue (CT) attaches the pin bone to the muscle in cod, while the pin bones in salmon are embedded in adipose tissue. Collagens, elastin, lectin-binding proteins and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are all components of the attachment site, and this differ between salmon and cod, resulting in a CT in cod that is more resistant to enzymatic degradation compared to the CT in salmon. Structural differences are reflected in the composition of transcriptome. Microarray analysis comparing the attachment sites of the pin bones with a reference muscle sample showed limited differences in salmon. In cod, on the other hand, the variances were substantial, and the gene expression profiles suggested difference in myofibre structure, metabolism and cell processes between the pin bone attachment site and the reference muscle. Degradation of the connective tissue occurs closest to the pin bones and not in the neighbouring tissue, which was shown using light microscopy. This study shows that the attachment of the pin bones in cod and salmon is different; therefore, the development of methods for removal should be tailored to each individual species.

• Reine, Trine M.; Jenssen, Trond Geir & Kolset, Svein Olav (2016). Glucosamine exposure reduces proteoglycan synthesis in primary human endothelial cells in vitro. Food & Nutrition Research (FNR). ISSN 1654-6628. 60. doi: 10.3402/fnr.v60.32615. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  <b>Purpose:</b> Glucosamine (GlcN) supplements are promoted for medical reasons, for example, for patients with arthritis and other joint-related diseases. Oral intake of GlcN is followed by uptake in the intestine, transport in the circulation and thereafter delivery to chondrocytes. Here, it is postulated to have an effect on synthesis and turnover of extracellular matrix constituents expressed by these cells. Following uptake in the intestine, serum levels are transiently increased, and the endothelium is exposed to increased levels of GlcN. We investigated the possible effects of GlcN on synthesis of proteoglycans (PGs), an important matrix component, in primary human endothelial cells.<br> <b>Methods:</b> Primary human endothelial cells were cultured in vitro in medium with 5 mM glucose and 010 mM GlcN. PGs were recovered and analysed by western blotting, or by SDS-PAGE, gel chromatography or ionexchange chromatography of 35S-PGs after 35S-sulphate labelling of the cells.<br> <b>Results:</b> The synthesis and secretion of 35S-PGs from cultured endothelial cells were reduced in a dose- and time-dependent manner after exposure to GlcN. PGs are substituted with sulphated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains, vital for PG function. The reduction in 35S-PGs was not related to an effect on GAG chain length, number or sulphation, but rather to the total expression of PGs.<br> <b>Conclusion:</b> Exposure of endothelial cells to GlcN leads to a general decrease in 35S-PG synthesis. These results suggest that exposure to high levels of GlcN can lead to decreased matrix synthesis, contrary to what has been claimed by supporters of such supplements.

• Nordstrøm, Marianne; Paus, Benedicte; Retterstøl, Kjetil & Kolset, Svein Olav (2016). The prevalence of metabolic risk factors of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in Williams syndrome, Prader–Willi syndrome, and Down syndrome. Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability. ISSN 1366-8250. 41(3), s. 187–196. doi: 10.3109/13668250.2016.1167845. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Kolseth, Ingrid Moss; Reine, Trine M.; Vuong, Tram Thu; Meen, Astri Jeanette; Fan, Qiong & Jenssen, Trond Geir [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2015). Serglycin is part of the secretory repertoire of LPS-activated monocytes. Immunity,Inflammation and Disease. 3(1), s. 23–31. doi: 10.1002/iid3.47. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Monocytes play multiple roles in the immune system, and are active in both acute and chronic diseases. Patients exposed to bacterial infections depend on monocytes in defense reactions, but excessive immune reactions may also cause morbidity through systemic inflammatory responses. Few studies have addressed the importance of proteoglycans, and in particular, the hematopoietic serglycin, in such monocyte immune reactions. Adherent primary monocytes were cultured in absence and presence of LPS. Media were analyzed by ELISA for detection of serglycin. Lysed cell fractions were used to determine the mRNA level of serglycin. Monocytes were also cultured on chamber slides to investigate if serglycin could be detected intracellularly by immunocytochemistry. Monocytes secreted serglycin, and LPS-stimulation increased the secretion. Secretion of inflammatory cytokines increased to a larger extent than serglycin. mRNA levels of serglycin were also increased, suggesting both increased expression and secretion. Immunocytochemistry revealed the presence of serglycin in intracellular vesicles, many destined for secretion. Serglycin containing vesicles increased in number and size when the cells were exposed to LPS. Intracellular vesicle localization and secretion of the proteoglycan serglycin is shown for the first time in primary human monocytes. Monocyte activation by LPS increased the expression and secretion of serglycin, suggesting roles for serglycin in inflammatory processes.

• Reine, Trine M.; Vuong, Tram Thu; Rutkovskiy, Arkady; Meen, Astri Jeanette; Vaage, Ingvar Jarle & Jenssen, Trond Geir [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2015). Serglycin in Quiescent and Proliferating Primary Endothelial Cells. PLOS ONE. 10(12). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145584. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Proteoglycans are fundamental components of the endothelial barrier, but the functions of the proteoglycan serglycin in endothelium are less described. Our aim was to describe the roles of serglycin in processes relevant for endothelial dysfunction. Primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were cultured in vitro and the expression of proteoglycans was investigated. Dense cell cultures representing the quiescent endothelium coating the vasculature was compared to sparse activated cell cultures, relevant for diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular disease. Secretion of 35S- proteoglycans increased in sparse cultures, and we showed that serglycin is a major component of the cell-density sensitive proteoglycan population. In contrast to the other proteoglycans, serglycin expression and secretion was higher in proliferating compared to quiescent HUVEC. RNAi silencing of serglycin inhibited proliferation and wound healing, and serglycin expression and secretion was augmented by hypoxia, mechanical strain and IL-1β induced inflammation. Notably, the secretion of the angiogenic chemokine CCL2 resulting from IL-1β activation, was increased in serglycin knockdown cells, while angiopoietin was not affected. Both serglycin and CCL2 were secreted predominantly to the apical side of polarized HUVEC, and serglycin and CCL2 co-localized both in perinuclear areas and in vesicles. These results suggest functions for serglycin in endothelial cells trough interactions with partner molecules, in biological processes with relevance for diabetic complications, cardiovascular disease and cancer development.

• Meen, Astri Jeanette; Drevon, Christian A; Pejler, Gunnar; Jenssen, Trond Geir; Olstad, Ole Kristoffer & Åbrink, Magnus [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2015). Serglycin protects against high fat diet-induced increase in serum LDL in mice. Glycoconjugate Journal. ISSN 0282-0080. 32, s. 703–714. doi: 10.1007/s10719-015-9621-7. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hjorth, Marit; Norheim, Frode; Meen, Astri Jeanette; Pourteymour, Shirin; Lee, Sindre & Holen, Torgeir [Vis alle 13 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2015). The effect of acute and long-term physical activity on extracelluar Matrix and serglycin in huuman skeletal muscle. Physiological Reports. 3:e12473(8), s. 1–19. doi: 10.14814/phy2.12473. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Nordstrøm, Marianne; Paus, Benedicte; Andersen, Lene Frost & Kolset, Svein Olav (2015). Dietary aspects related to health and obesity in Williams syndrome, Down syndrome, and Prader - Willi syndrome :. Food & Nutrition Research (FNR). ISSN 1654-6628. 59(25847). doi: 10.3402/fnr.v59.25487. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Pedersen, Mona Elisabeth; Vuong, Tram Thu; Rønning, Sissel Beate & Kolset, Svein Olav (2015). Matrix metalloproteinases in fish biology and matrix turnover. Matrix Biology. ISSN 0945-053X. 44-46, s. 86–93. doi: 10.1016/j.matbio.2015.01.009. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Matrix metalloproteinases have important functions for tissue turnover in fish, with relevance both for the fish industry and molecular and cellular research on embryology, inflammation and tissue repair. These metalloproteinases have been studied in different fish types, subjected to both aquaculture and experimental conditions. This review highlights studies on these metalloproteinases in relation to both fish quality and health and further, the future importance of fish for basic research studies.

• Vuong, Tram Thu; Reine, Trine M.; Sudworth, Amanda; Jenssen, Trond Geir & Kolset, Svein Olav (2015). Syndecan-4 Is a Major Syndecan in Primary Human Endothelial Cells In Vitro, Modulated by Inflammatory Stimuli and Involved in Wound Healing. Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry. ISSN 0022-1554. 63(4), s. 280–292. doi: 10.1369/0022155415568995. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Kostovski, Emil; Hjeltnes, Nils; Eriksen, Erik Fink; Kolset, Svein Olav & Iversen, Per Ole (2015). Differences in bone mineral density, markers of bone turnover and extracellular matrix and daily life muscular activity among patients with recent motor incomplete versus -complete spinal cord injury. Calcified Tissue International. ISSN 0171-967X. 96, s. 145–154. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Rønning, Sissel Beate; Carlson, Cathrine Rein; Stang, Espen; Kolset, Svein Olav; Hollung, Kristin & Pedersen, Mona Elisabeth (2015). Syndecan-4 regulates muscle differentiation and is internalized from the plasma membrane during myogenesis. PLOS ONE. 10(6). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129288. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The cell surface proteoglycan syndecan-4 has been reported to be crucial for muscle differentiation, but the molecular mechanisms still remain to be fully understood. During in vitro differentiation of bovine muscle cells immunocytochemical analyses showed strong labelling of syndecan-4 intracellularly, in close proximity with Golgi structures, in membranes of intracellular vesicles and finally, in the nuclear area including the nuclear envelope. Chase experiments showed that syndecan-4 was internalized from the plasma membrane during this process. Furthermore, when syndecan-4 was knocked down by siRNA more myotubes were formed, and the expression of myogenic transcription factors, β1-integrin and actin was influenced. However, when bovine muscle cells were treated with a cell-penetrating peptide containing the cytoplasmic region of syndecan-4, myoblast fusion and thus myotube formation was blocked, both in normal cells and in syndecan-4 knock down cells. Altogether this suggests that the cytoplasmic domain of syndecan-4 is important in regulation of myogenesis. The internalization of syndecan-4 from the plasma membrane during muscle differentiation and the nuclear localization of syndecan-4 in differentiated muscle cells may be part of this regulation, and is a novel aspect of syndecan biology which merits further studies.

• Kostovski, Emil; Hjeltnes, Nils; Eriksen, Erik Fink; Kolset, Svein Olav & Iversen, Per Ole (2014). Differences in Bone Mineral Density, Markers of Bone Turnover and Extracellular Matrix and Daily Life Muscular Activity Among Patients with Recent Motor-Incomplete Versus Motor-Complete Spinal Cord Injury. Calcified Tissue International. ISSN 0171-967X. 96(2), s. 145–154. doi: 10.1007/s00223-014-9947-3. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Lindahl, Jørn Petter Hanto; Reinholt, Finn P.; Eide, Ivar Anders; Hartmann, Anders; Midtvedt, Karsten & Holdaas, Hallvard [Vis alle 13 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2014). In patients with type 1 diabetes simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation preserves long-term kidney graft ultrastructure and function better than transplantation of kidney alone. Diabetologia. ISSN 0012-186X. doi: 10.1007/s00125-014-3353-2. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Reine, Trine M.; Vuong, Tram Thu; Jenssen, Trond Geir & Kolset, Svein Olav (2014). Serglycin secretion is part of the inflammatory response in activated primary human endothelial cells in vitro. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - General Subjects. ISSN 0304-4165. 1840(8), s. 2498–2505. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.02.002. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Reine, Trine M.; Kolseth, Ingrid Moss; Meen, Astri Jeanette; Lindahl, Jørn Petter Hanto; Jenssen, Trond Geir & Reinholt, Finn P. [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2014). Effects of restoring normoglycemia in type 1 diabetes on inflammatory profile and renal extracellular matrix structure after simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. ISSN 0168-8227. 107(1), s. 46–53. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2014.10.006. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Berven, Lise; Johansen, Harald Thidemann; Solberg, Rigmor; Kolset, Svein Olav & Samuelsen, Anne Berit C. (2013). Autoactivation of prolegumain is accelerated by glycosaminoglycans. Biochimie. ISSN 0300-9084. 95(4), s. 772–781. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2012.11.002. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The cysteine protease legumain participates in several biological and pathological processes including tumour invasion and metastasis. Legumain is synthesized as a zymogen and undergoes pH-dependent autoactivation of the proform in order to reach an enzymatically active form. Here we demonstrate that the naturally occurring polyanionic glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) chondroitin 4-sulphate (C4S), chondroitin 6-sulphate (C6S), chondroitin 4,6-sulphate (C4,6S), heparin, heparan sulphate (HS) as well as chondroitin sulphate (CS)-derived decasaccharides accelerated the autocatalytic activation of prolegumain through ionic interactions in a concentration-, size- and time-dependent manner at pH 4.0. In contrast, at pH 5.0 only C4S and C4,6S were able to promote prolegumain activation, while CS-derived decasaccharides, C6S, heparin and HS lost their effect at this pH.

• Rieder, Anne; Grimmer, Stine J Staavi; Aachmann, Finn Lillelund; Westereng, Bjørge; Kolset, Svein Olav & Knutsen, Svein Halvor (2013). Generic tools to assess genuine carbohydrate specific effects on in vitro immune modulation exemplified by β-glucans. Carbohydrate Polymers. ISSN 0144-8617. 92(2), s. 2075–2083. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.11.092. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Reine, Trine M.; Grøndahl, Frøy; Jenssen, Trond Geir; Hadler-Olsen, Elin Synnøve; Prydz, Kristian & Kolset, Svein Olav (2013). Reduced Sulfation of Chondroitin Sulfate but Not Heparan Sulfate in Kidneys of Diabetic db/db Mice. Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry. ISSN 0022-1554. 61(8), s. 606–616. doi: 10.1369/0022155413494392. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Nordstrøm, Marianne; Hansen, Bjørge Hermann; Paus, Benedicte & Kolset, Svein Olav (2013). Accelerometer-determined physical activity and walking capacity in persons with Down syndrome, Williams syndrome and Prader-Willi syndrome. Research in Developmental Disabilities. ISSN 0891-4222. 34(12), s. 4395–4403. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2013.09.021. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  In this study we describe by use of accelerometers the total physical activity (PA), intensity pattern and walking capacity in 87 persons age 16–45 years with Down syndrome (DS), Williams syndrome (WS) and Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS). Participants were recruited from all over Norway, and lived either with their parents or in community residences with support. On average the participants generated 294 counts per minute (cpm) or 6712 steps per day, with most of the day spent in sedentary activity, 522 min/day, followed by 212 min/day in light PA, 71 min/day in lifestyle activity and 27 min/day in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Inactivity was prevalent, as only 12% meet the current Nordic recommendations for PA. When compared, no differences for total physical activity or time in MVPA were observed between the three groups. However, participant with DS spent a mean of 73 min/day less and 43 min/day less in sedentary activities compared to participants with PWS and WS, respectively, (p = 0.011, 95% CI: −10.9; −80.1). In addition the DS-group spent a mean of 66 min/day more in light PA than the PWS-group and 41 min/day more than the WS-group, (p < 0.001, 95% CI: 29.3; 79.7). Participants with PWS spent on average 30 min/day less in lifestyle activities compared to both participants with DS and WS, (p < 0.001, 95% CI: −14.2; −45.4). No association between total PA and BMI were observed. Males were more active than females across all diagnoses. Males accumulated on average 85 counts per minutes more than females, (p = 0.002, 95% CI: 33.3; 136.7), 2137 more steps per day, (p = 0.002, 95% CI: 778; 3496). The mean walking capacity during six-minutes was 507 m (SD 112 m) for males and 466 m (SD 88 m) for females. Distance walked during testing decreased with 33.6 m when comparing normal or underweight participants to overweight participants, and 78.1 m when comparing overweight to obese participants (p < 0.001 95% CI: −40.4; −85.8). When adjusted for BMI no differences in walking capacity between the three genetic conditions were observed.

• Tingbø, Monica Gausdal; Pedersen, Mona Elisabeth; Grøndahl, Frøy; Kolset, Svein Olav; Veiseth-Kent, Eva & Enersen, Grethe [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2012). Type of carbohydrate in feed affects the expression of small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs), glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and interleukins in skeletal muscle of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.). Fish and Shellfish Immunology. ISSN 1050-4648. 33(3), s. 582–589. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2012.06.025. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Tingbø, Monica Gausdal; Pedersen, Mona Elisabeth; Kolset, Svein Olav; Enersen, Grethe & Hannesson, Kirsten O. (2012). Lumican is a major small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) skeletal muscle. Glycoconjugate Journal. ISSN 0282-0080. 29(1), s. 13–23. doi: 10.1007/s10719-011-9358-x. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Kolset, Svein Olav; Reinholt, Finn P. & Jenssen, Trond Geir (2012). Diabetic nephropathy and extracellular matrix. Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry. ISSN 0022-1554. 60(12), s. 976–986. doi: 10.1369/0022155412465073. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Reine, Trine M.; Kusche-Gullberg, Marion; Feta, Almir; Jenssen, Trond Geir & Kolset, Svein Olav (2012). Heparan sulfate expression is affected by inflammatory stimuli in primary human endothelial cells. Glycoconjugate Journal. ISSN 0282-0080. 29(1), s. 67–76. doi: 10.1007/s10719-011-9365-y. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Fadnes, Bodil Irene; Husebekk, Anne; Svineng, Gunbjørg; Rekdal, Øystein; Yanagishita, Masaki & Kolset, Svein Olav [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2012). The proteoglycan repertoire of lymphoid cells. Glycoconjugate Journal. ISSN 0282-0080. 29(7), s. 513–523. doi: 10.1007/s10719-012-9427-9. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Proteoglycans have been studied to a limited extent in lymphoid cells. In this study we have investigated the expression of proteoglycans in B-cells, CD4+ T-cells, CD8+ T-cells, natural killer cells, as well as in nine different cell lines established from patients with lymphoid malignancies. Serglycin was the major proteoglycan expressed at mRNA level by the primary lymphocytes. None of the syndecans or glycpicans was detected at mRNA level in the primary lymphocytes, except for syndecan-4 in CD4+ T-cells and CD8+ T-cells. All lymphoid cell lines expressed serglycin mRNA, as well as one or several members of the syndecan and glypican families. Further, increased synthesis of proteoglycans was found in the cell lines compared to the primary lymphocytes, as well as the presence of heparan sulfate on the cell surface of five of the cells lines. Western blot analysis showed a close correlation between serglycin mRNA level and expression of serglycin core protein. Our results show that serglycin is a major proteoglycan in all the normal lymphoid cells and that these cells carry little, or none, proteoglycans on the cell surface. Serglycin was also a major proteoglycan in the malignant lymphoid cells, but these also expressed one or more types of cell surface proteoglycans. Thus, malignant transformation of lymphoid cells may be followed by increased synthesis of proteoglycans and expression of cell surface proteoglycans.

• Meen, Astri Jeanette; Øynebråten, Inger; Reine, Trine M.; Duelli, Annette; Svennevig, Katja Christiane & Pejler, Gunnar [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2011). Serglycin Is a Major Proteoglycan in Polarized Human Endothelial Cells and Is Implicated in the Secretion of the Chemokine GRO alpha/CXCL1. Journal of Biological Chemistry. ISSN 0021-9258. 286(4), s. 2636–2647. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110.151944. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Proteoglycan (PG) expression was studied in primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). RT-PCR analyses showed that the expression of the PG serglycin core protein was much higher than that of the extracellular matrix PG decorin and the cell surface PG syndecan-1. PG biosynthesis was further studied by biosynthetic [³⁵S]sulfate labeling of polarized HUVEC. Interestingly, a major part of ³⁵S-PGs was secreted to the apical medium. A large portion of these PGs was trypsin-resistant, a typical feature of serglycin. The trypsin-resistant PGs were mainly of the chondroitin/dermatan sulfate type but also contained a minor heparan sulfate component. Secreted serglycin was identified by immunoprecipitation as a PG with a core protein of &#12630 kDa. Serglycin was furthermore shown to be present in perinuclear regions and in two distinct types of vesicles throughout the cytoplasm using immunocytochemistry. To search for possible serglycin partner molecules, HUVEC were stained for the chemokine growth-related oncogene &#945 (GRO&#945/CXCL1). Co-localization with serglycin could be demonstrated, although not in all vesicles. Serglycin did not show overt co-localization with tissue-type plasminogen activator-positive vesicles. When PG biosynthesis was abrogated using benzyl-&#946-D-xyloside, serglycin secretion was decreased, and the number of vesicles with co-localized serglycin and GRO&#945 was reduced. The level of GRO&#945 in the apical medium was also reduced after xyloside treatment. Together, these findings indicate that serglycin is a major PG in human endothelial cells, mainly secreted to the apical medium and implicated in chemokine secretion.

• Thiara, Amrit Paul Singh; Mollnes, Tom Eirik; Videm, Vibeke; Andersen, Vidar Ytterdal; Svennevig, Katja Christiane & Kolset, Svein Olav [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2011). Biocompatibility and pathways of initial complement pathway activation with Phisio- and PMEA-coated cardiopulmonary bypass circuits during open-heart surgery. Perfusion. ISSN 0267-6591. 26(2), s. 107–114. doi: 10.1177/0267659110392438. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Rieder, Anne; Grimmer, Stine J Staavi; Kolset, Svein Olav; Michaelsen, Terje Einar & Knutsen, Svein Halvor (2011). Cereal beta-glucan preparations of different weight average molecular weights induce variable cytokine secretion in human intestinal epithelial cell lines. Food Chemistry. ISSN 0308-8146. 128(4), s. 1037–1043. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.04.010. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hadler-Olsen, Elin Synnøve; Winberg, Jan-Olof; Reinholt, Finn P.; Larsen, Terje; Uhlin-Hansen, Lars & Jenssen, Trond Geir [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2011). Proteases in plasma and kidney of db /db mice as markers of diabetes-induced nephropathy. ISRN Endocrinology. ISSN 2090-4630. doi: 10.5402/2011/832642. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Db/db mice are overweight, dyslipidemic and develop diabetic complications, relevant for similar complications in human type 2 diabetes. We have used db/db and db/+ control mice to investigate alterations in proteinase expression and activity in circulation and kidneys by SDS-PAGE zymography, electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and in situ zymography. Plasma from db/db mice contained larger amounts of serine proteinases compared to db/+ mice. Kidneys from the db/db mice had a significantly larger glomerular surface area and somewhat thicker glomerular basement membranes compared to the db/+ mice. Furthermore, kidney extracts from db/+ mice contained metalloproteinases with Mr of approximately 92000, compatible with MMP-9, not observed in db/db mice. These results indicate that higher levels of serine proteinases in plasma may serve as potential markers for kidney changes in db/db mice, whereas a decrease in MMP-9 in the kidney may be related to the glomerular changes.

• Kolset, Svein Olav & Pejler, Gunnar (2011). Serglycin: A Structural and Functional Chameleon with Wide Impact on Immune Cells. Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0022-1767. 187(10), s. 4927–4933. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1100806. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Lindmark, Marianne; Trygg, Kerstin Ulla; Giltvedt, Kaja & Kolset, Svein Olav (2010). Nutritient intake of young children with Prader-Willi syndrome. Food & Nutrition Research (FNR). ISSN 1654-6628. 54, s. 6–6. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Henriksen, Hege & Kolset, Svein Olav (2009). Sukker- forbruk, tannhelse og overvekt. Tenner i Fokus. ISSN 0802-0752. s. 14–18. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Henriksen, Hege & Kolset, Svein Olav (2009). Sukker- forbruk, tannhelse og overvekt. Den norske tannlegeforenings Tidende. ISSN 0029-2303. 119(6), s. 350–354. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Gharagozlian, Sedegheh; Svennevig, Katja; Bangstad, Hans Jacob; Winberg, Jan-Olof & Kolset, S O (2009). Matrix metalloproteinases in subjects with type I diabetes. BMC Clinical Pathology. 9(7). doi: 10.1186/1472-6890-9-7. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background Nephropathy is serious complication of diabetes. We have previously shown that level of the proteoglycan syndecan-1 in blood is associated with ultrastructural kidney changes in young persons with type 1 diabetes. Dysregulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs) may contribute to the development of nephropathy. The aim of this study was to investigate if the levels of MMPs in blood samples are potential markers of early nephropathy in type 1 diabetes. Methods Blood samples were collected from type 1 diabetes patients after 11 years of diabetes (n = 15) and healthy volunteers (n = 12) and stored at ÷80°C until measurement. Levels and activities of serum MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and TIMP- 2 were analyzed and compared to those of control individuals using ELISA, SDS-PAGE gelatin zymography, and Western blot analysis. Results The serum levels of both MMP-9 and MMP-2 were significantly higher in subjects with type 1 diabetes, compared to controls (p = 0.016 and p = 0.008 respectively). Western blotting revealed no differences between the two groups in the levels of TIMP-1 or TIMP-2, respectively. Conclusion Our MMP analysis of serum from a limited number of patients with type 1 diabetes suggest that such analysis is potentially useful as markers in studies of people at risk of progression to chronic kidney disease.

• Duelli, Annette; Rønnberg, Elin; Kolset, Svein Olav; Pejler, G.; Kolset, SO & Pejler, G (2009). Mast cell differentiation and activation is closely linked to expression of genes coding for the serglycin proteoglycan core protein and a distinct set of chondroitin sulfate and heparin sulfotransferases. Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0022-1767. 183(11), s. 7073–7083. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.0900309. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Gharagzlian, Sedegheh; Svennevig, Katja Christiane; Bangstad, Hans-Jacob; Winberg, J. - O. & Kolset, Svein Olav (2009). Matrix metalloproteinases in subjects with type 1 diabetes. BMC Clinical Pathology. 9, s. 7–7. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv

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• Nordstrøm, Marianne & Kolset, Svein Olav (2019). God mat for kropp og helse. Fagbokforlaget. ISBN 9788245023909. 242 s. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Kolset, Svein Olav (2011). An exceptional fellow. A father´s story. Dinamo Forlag. ISBN 9788280712417. 194 s. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Kolset, Svein Olav (2011). En sjelden kar - en fars beretning. Dinamo. ISBN 9788280712424. 194 s. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Holmlund, Heidi; Kolset, Svein Olav; Johansen, Ståle & Hovland, Kristoffer (2011). Spis deg best. Mat for deg som vil yte langt og lenge. Dinamo. ISBN 9788280712486. 221 s. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv

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• Ersfjord, Ellen Margrete Iveland; Røstad-Tollefsen, Helen Kathrine; Kolset, Svein Olav & McGarty, Arlene (2026). Caught Between Vulnerability and Neglect: Nutrition in People with Intellectual Disabilities. Nutrients. 18(304). doi: 10.3390/nu18020304. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  People with intellectual disabilities are disproportionately affected by diet-related health inequalities. This Perspective outlines a dual challenge: (1) intrinsic vulnerabilities—cognitive limitations, health-literacy constraints, and comorbidities—that impair individuals’ ability to make healthy dietary choices, and (2) extrinsic neglect—insufficient support in care environments, inadequate nutrition-related training among informal caregivers and support staff, and structural gaps in policy and services. We argue that this “double jeopardy” undermines nutritional equity and proposes strategies for person-centered nutrition education, caregiver empowerment, supportive food environments, and inclusive policy frameworks. Greater interdisciplinary collaboration and tailored research are urgently needed to ensure nutritional health as a right for people with intellectual disabilities.

• Pedersen, Mona Elisabeth; Rønning, Sissel Beate & Kolset, Svein Olav (2023). Editorial: Growth and Tissue Regeneration with focus on Proteoglycans. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology. 11, s. 1–2. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1139044. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Pejšková, Lucie; Rønning, Sissel Beate; Kent, Matthew Peter; Wold, Jens Petter; Mosleth, Ellen Færgestad & Høst, Vibeke [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Shedding of syndecans play a crucial role in the extensive remodelling of the extracellular matrix in skeletal muscle myopathy in chicken. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Pejšková, Lucie; Rønning, Sissel Beate; Kent, Matthew Peter; Høst, Vibeke; Solberg, Nina & Kolset, Svein Olav [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Syndecans as potential regulators of the severe skeletal muscle myopathy. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Andreassen, R. Christel; Rønning, Sissel Beate; Solberg, Nina; Grønlien, Krister Gjestvang; Kristoffersen, Kenneth Aase & Høst, Vibeke [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Production of food-grade microcarriers based on by-products from the food industry to facilitate the expansion of bovine skeletal muscle satellite cells for cultured meat production. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Kolset, Svein Olav; Heier, Martin & Retterstøl, Kjetil (2020). Retensjon av lipoproteiner i arevegg-mulig mal for behandling? 140(10), s. 1–5. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.19.0803. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Rønning, Sissel Beate; Carlson, Cathrine Rein; Aronsen, Jan Magnus; Høst, Vibeke; Pisconti, Addolorate & Lunde, Marianne [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Extracellular Matrix remodeling and multiple signaling pathways are regulated by syndecan-4 during myogenesis. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hope, Sigrun; Nordstrøm, Marianne; Retterstøl, Kjetil; Iversen, Per Ole & Kolset, Svein Olav (2018). Retten til et helsefremmende kosthold for personer med utviklingshemning. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening (Tidsskriftet). ISSN 0029-2001. 138(2), s. 122–123. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.17.0985. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Kolset, Svein Olav; Nordstrøm, Marianne; Hope, Sigrun; Retterstøl, Kjetil & Iversen, Per Ole (2018). Securing rights and nutritional Health for persons with intellectual disabilities - a pressing challenge. Food & Nutrition Research (FNR). ISSN 1654-6628. 62. doi: 10.29219/fnr.v62.1268. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Persons with intellectual disabilities (ID) are dependent on nutritional policies that have so far not been addressed in a systematic and health-promoting manner in Norway and other nations with a high socioeconomic standard. In many poor countries, such issues have not even been raised nor addressed. Nutritional issues facing persons with ID include the risk of both underweight and overweight. Deficiency in energy, vitamins, essential fatty acids and micronutrients can increase the risk of additional health burdens in already highly vulnerable individuals. According to the World Health Organization, the obesity rates have tripled worldwide the last decades, and recent studies suggest that the prevalence of obesity is even higher for persons with ID than in the general population. This implies additional burdens of life style diseases such as diabetes and hypertension for adults with ID. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-5, this group is characterized by intellectual difficulties as well as difficulties in conceptual, social, and practical areas of living. Their reduced intellectual capacity implies that they often have difficulties in making good dietary choices. As a group, they are dependent upon help and guidance to promote a healthy life style. To improve their health, there is a need for improved national services and for more research on lifestyle and nutritional issues in persons with ID. From a human rights perspective, these issues must be put on the agenda both in relevant UN fora and in the respective nations’ health policies.

• Rønning, Sissel Beate; Carlson, Cathrine Rein; Aronsen, Jan Magnus; Høst, Vibeke; Liland, Kristian Hovde & Stang, Espen [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2017). Syndecan-4 is a skeletal muscle regenerator and is important for normal skeletal muscle fibre development. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Kolset, Svein Olav (2017). Sjeldne diagnoser: Hjelper det å skrive bok? Noen tanker 10 år etter en bokutgivelse. Fontene forskning. ISSN 1890-9868. s. 42–43. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Kolset, Svein Olav (2016). Stop marginalizing rare syndromes. Nature. ISSN 0028-0836. 536, s. 396–396. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Rønning, Sissel Beate; Carlson, Cathrine Rein; Høst, Vibeke; Aronsen, Jan Magnus; Liland, Kristian Hovde & Stang, Espen [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2016). Syndecan-4 is important for normal skeletal muscle fibre development. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Kolset, Svein Olav (2016). Medical disorders: Stop marginalizing rare syndromes. Nature. ISSN 0028-0836. 536(7617), s. 396–396. doi: 10.1038/536396c. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Iversen, Per Ole; Negaard, Helene Francisca Stigter; Østenstad, Bjørn; Sandset, Per Morten & Kolset, Svein Olav (2015). Evidence for long term hypercoagulopathy, but normalization of markers of extracellular matrix turnover, in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Leukemia and Lymphoma. ISSN 1042-8194. 56(8), s. 2479–2481. doi: 10.3109/10428194.2013.803227. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Rønning, Sissel Beate; Carlson, C. R.; Stang, Espen; Kolset, Svein Olav; Christensen, Geir Arve & Hollung, Kristin [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2015). Syndecan-4 in skeletal muscle development and regeneration. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Rønning, Sissel Beate; Vuong, Tram Thu; Veiseth-Kent, Eva; Østbye, Tone-Kari K; Kolset, Svein Olav & Pedersen, Mona Elisabeth (2015). A study of the firm attachment of pin bones in farmed salmon (Salmo salar) – the role of extracellular matrix components. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Rønning, Sissel Beate; Carlson, Cathrine Rein; Hollung, Kristin; Pedersen, Mona Elisabeth; Stang, Espen & Kolset, Svein Olav [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2015). Syndecan-4 in skeletal muscle development and regeneration. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Rønning, Sissel Beate; Carlson, Cathrine Rein; Pedersen, Mona Elisabeth; Hollung, Kristin; Kolset, Svein Olav & Stang, Espen (2015). Syndecan-4 in skeletal muscle development and regeneration. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Vuong, Tram Thu; Rønning, Sissel Beate; Kolset, Svein Olav & Pedersen, Mona Elisabeth (2015). The role of connective tissue components and MMPs in pin bone attachment in salmon and cod. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Rønning, Sissel Beate; Carlson, Cathrine Rein; Stang, Espen; Kolset, Svein Olav; Christensen, Geir Arve & Hollung, Kristin [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2015). Syndecan-4 is important for skeletal muscle development. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Pedersen, Mona Elisabeth; Rønning, Sissel Beate; Carlson, Cathrine Rein; Stang, Espen; Kolset, Svein Olav & Hollung, Kristin (2015). Syndecan-4 is important for skeletal muscle development. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Rønning, Sissel Beate; Vuong, Tram Thu; Østbye, Tone-Kari K; Hollung, Kristin; Veiseth-Kent, Eva & Larsson, Thomas [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2014). Feste av pinnebein i torsk og laks‐bindevevets rolle og prosesser involvert i nedbrytningen av dette. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Rønning, Sissel Beate; Carlson, Cathrine Rein; Kolset, Svein Olav; Stang, Espen; Hollung, Kristin & Pedersen, Mona Elisabeth (2014). The cell surface proteoglycan syndecan 4 is important for in vitro muscle cell differentiation. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Rønning, Sissel Beate; Carlson, Cathrine Rein; Kolset, Svein Olav; Stang, Espen; Hollung, Kristin & Pedersen, Mona Elisabeth (2014). Syndecan-4 in muscel development. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Rønning, Sissel Beate; Carlson, Cathrine Rein; Kolset, Svein Olav; Stang, Espen; Hollung, Kristin & Pedersen, Mona Elisabeth (2014). Syndecan-4 is involved in regulation of muscle differentiation at multiple stages and by different mechanisms. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Rønning, Sissel Beate; Vuong, Tram Thu; Østbye, Tone-Kari K; Larsson, Thomas; Kolset, Svein Olav & Hollung, Kristin [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2013). Connective tissue and the attachment of pin bone in salmon and cod. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Rønning, Sissel Beate; Kolset, Svein Olav; Carlson, Cathrine Rein; Hollung, Kristin & Pedersen, Mona Elisabeth (2013). Syndecan-4 signaling is important for early differentiation and fusion of muscle cells in vitro. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Lindahl, Jørn Petter Hanto; Hartmann, Anders; Reinholt, Finn P.; Hestvaag, H; Stranda, Annicke & Kolset, Svein Olav [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2012). Preserved Renal Function and Structure with Simultaneuos Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation Compared to Living Single Kidney Transplantation. American Journal of Transplantation. ISSN 1600-6135. 12(supp. 3), s. 133–134. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Berven, Lise; Johansen, Harald Thidemann; Solberg, Rigmor; Kolset, Svein Olav & Samuelsen, Anne Berit C. (2012). INTERACTIONS BETWEEN PROLEGUMAIN AND GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Tingbø, Monica Gausdal; Pedersen, Mona Elisabeth; Grøndahl, Frøy; Kolset, Svein Olav; Enersen, Grethe & Hannesson, Kirsten O. (2011). Expression of the small leucine-rich proteoglycans in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) skeletal muscle was altered in fish on a high-starch diet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Negaard, Helene FS; Sandset, Per Morten; Kolset, Svein Olav; Svennevig, Katja Christiane; Østenstad, Bjørn & Iversen, Per Ole (2011). Associations between regulators of extracellular matrix and hemostatic factors in hematologic neoplasias. Leukemia and Lymphoma. ISSN 1042-8194. 52(6), s. 1157–1159. doi: 10.3109/10428194.2011.563886. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Andreassen, R. Christel; Kolset, Svein Olav; Rønning, Sissel Beate & Pedersen, Mona Elisabeth (2022). Sustainable bioproduction of animal proteins for human consumption and optimizing the use of protein rich by-products from the food industry. Universitetet i Oslo. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The global population growth is posing enormous challenges to the sustainability of the current food pro-duction system. The average consumption of meat has tripled over the last 50 years, and meat consump-tion tends to rise as people get richer, threatening to make high-quality meat and animal protein products a limited resource. Conventional meat production is associated with considerable negative environmental impacts. Sustainable development approaches include achieving responsible production, use, and con-sumption of meat products. Along with meat production, significant quantities of organic waste by-products related to environmental pollution are generated. These by-products contain high-quality pro-teins and nutrients that are currently underused. Opportunities to extract additional value from by-products and sustainable alternatives to conventional meat production should be examined. A promising alternative to the traditional way of producing animal proteins is cultured meat. This meat bypasses animal production by growing muscle cells under a suitable cell culture medium in bioreactors and can potentially be produced more sustainably and efficiently than conventional meat. Despite a high uncertainty due to the early developmental stage of the technology, life-cycle analyses suggest that cultured meat production requires 90% less land, 75% less water, 95% less eutrophication while contributing to 75% less greenhouse gas emissions. At the same time, cultured meat could provide an opportunity for more responsible waste by-product management. However, there are major technological hurdles to overcome until cultured meat can be served at the dinner table, such as formulating a cost-effective serum-free media (SFM), de-veloping suitable scaffolds necessary for muscle cell attachment, and optimizing large-scale production. By-products are low-cost, easy to obtain, food-safe ingredients with potential cell-stimulating and biocom-patible properties. Therefore, they have excellent potential as ingredients in a tailor-made SFM and as muscle cell scaffolding support. In this project, the aim was to solve challenges in cultured meat technology by investigating the feasibility of implementing by-products in the production process. Bovine skeletal muscle satellite cells (MuSCs) were isolated from Longissimus thoracis (beef sirloin). A scaffold-based de-sign was used with microcarriers (MCs) providing permanent support to bovine skeletal muscle satellite cell (MuSC) monocultures in different sized bioreactors. Protein hydrolysates and edible MCs were produced from by-products, characterized, and evaluated for their cell growth-promoting efficiency. Further, long-term and scalable cell expansion parameters were investigated from low volume spinner flasks to higher volume bench-bioreactors. The properties studied confirmed that various by-product hydrolysates and fractions effectively maintained cell growth in SFM. Further, the MCs produced using collagen extracted from turkey tendons, and powdered eggshell membrane (ESM) provided high cell culture expansion effi-ciency. After more than a month, MuSCs expanded in bench-bioreactors retained their proliferative and migratory capacity after dissociation from MCs, indicating that the stem cell pool was well maintained. These are functional cell qualities essential for achieving the massive quantities of MuSCs required in cul-tured meat production. Also, low volume spinner flask cultures with less controlled environments were robustly reproducible in bench-bioreactors. Therefore, low volume spinner flasks can be used as higher throughput and scaled-down models to optimize MuSCs expansion on MCs. This work provides a promis-ing start for developing a sustainable SFM for cultured meat production while reducing the problematic reliance on culture media cost drivers such as serum and commercial growth factors. More importantly, it contributes to a more responsible waste by-product management, representing a significantly more effec-tive protein conversion strategy while contributing to a circular economy by reducing waste. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that by-products with minimal processing successfully functions as MCs for bovine MuSCs in spinner flask culture. Finally, this work provides much-needed publicly accessible data on MuSCs growth kinetics, behavior, and development, especially in high volume bioreactors, and is a promising start to optimize cell expansion parameters adapted to muscle cells.

• Pedersen, Mona Elisabeth; Vuong, Tram Thu; Østbye, Tone-Kari K; Veiseth-Kent, Eva; Larsson, Thomas & Hollung, Kristin [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2014). Feste av pinnebein i torsk og laks - bindevevets rolle og prosesser involvert i nedbrytning av dette. Sluttrapport. Nofima. ISSN 9788282961905. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Det er begrenset kjennskap til hvordan pinnebein er festet til muskelen, hvilke strukturer som inngår og hvilke prosesser som er involvert i nedbrytningen når disse løsner. Målsetningen til dette prosjektet har vært å få mer kunnskap om dette. Pinnebein fra torsk og laks ble dissekert ut fra fileter lagret på is ved ulike tidspunkter etter slakt, og analysert med ulike metoder. I torsk fester bindevevet beina til muskelen, men hos laks utgjør også fettvev en stor del av festestrukturen. Sammensetningen av bindevevskomponenter og typer enzymer som uttrykkes i dette festet var forskjellig på mRNA nivå mellom laks og torsk. Vi ser at kollagener, elastin, lektin-bindende proteiner og proteoglykaner er viktig i dette festet. Det ble påvist flere typer nedbrytningsenzymer, både matriks metalloproteinaser, serin proteaser og elastaser, i bindevevet rundt beina hos begge arter, og disse har forskjellig aktivitetsprofil under lagring post mortem. Nedbrytningen av festestrukturen skjer i bindevevsdraget innerst mot pinnebeina. Denne studien viser at festet av pinnebein i torsk og laks er forskjellig, og utvikling av metoder og betingelser for optimal fjerning bør tilpasses hver enkelt art. Videre ser vi at det er forskjeller i regulering av enzymer som bryter ned bindevev rundt pinnebein sammenlignet med bindevev i muskel. Denne kunnskapen bør man prøve å utnytte til å løsne beina ved hjelp av naturlige prosesser, med minimal påvirkning på muskelmasse i fiskefileten. Kunnskap om prosess og behandling av fisken som påvirker enzymaktiviteten vil kunne være en naturlig innfallsvinkel i det videre arbeidet med å løsne pinnebeina.

• Rieder, Anne; Kolset, Svein Olav; Knutsen, Svein Halvor & Grimmer, Stine J Staavi (2013). Dietary immune-modulation - carbohydrate specific effects of cereal and yeast β-glucansDietary immune-modulation - carbohydrate specific effects of cereal and yeast β-glucans. 7Letras. ISSN 9788282645256. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv

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