Hanne Flinstad Harbo

Dean - Faculty of Medicine

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Email h.c.f.harbo@medisin.uio.no

Mobile phone +47 99546680

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Visiting address Sogn Arena Klaus Torgårds vei 3 0372 Oslo

Postal address Postboks 1078 Blindern 0316 Oslo

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I am honored to be elected to be the Dean of the Faculty of Medicine from 1 January 2023 to 31 December 2026. I look forward to working with employees, students and partners to achieve our vision;

Outstanding knowledge for future health

The Faculty Management The Faculty Management - Faculty of Medicine (uio.no) has during 2023 developed the vision and strategy of the faculty, which points the way forward.

As detailed here Strategy and plans - Faculty of Medicine (uio.no), the Faculty of Medicine has three main objectives:

Education: The Faculty of Medicine shall offer outstanding health education for a sustainable society.
Innovation and research: The Faculty of Medicine shall facilitate innovation and outstanding, relevant, and groundbreaking research.
Personnel and organisation and communication: The Faculty of Medicine shall be a developing organisation and an attractive place to work and study and in close dialogue with the outside world.

In this work the Faculty Management will use the following tools:

Promote: We will improve and use forms of collaboration and communication that ensure open processes and make the work at the Faculty of Medicine more visible both within the organization and externally to our partners and the general population.
Involve and collaborate: We will stimulate collaboration both internally and with external partners. We will ensure that staff and students become involved in the development and management of the faculty.
Decide, implement, evaluate: We will base our decisions on open, time-limited processes, implement measures, evaluate results and, and when required, follow up with necessary corrections.

Scientific interests

My regular position is to be professor II at the Department of Neurology, Department of Clinical Medicine at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo and senior consultant at Department of Neurology at Division of Neuroscience at Oslo University Hospital (OUH).

Both as Professor of Neurology and recent Deputy Head at Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo and recent Head of the Department of Neurology at Oslo University Hospital, I have a broad interest in medicine, research, education and leadership, and of course especially in brain health and neurology.

Both clinically and in research my work is mainly focused on diagnosis and treatment of neuroinflammatory diseases, especially multiple sclerosis (MS). I am now co-leader of the research groups for "Molecular and immunological studies of MS" and "Imaging studies of MS" at UiO / OUH, and I act as PI and project leader of ongoing MS research projects including international research networks. Currently I am work-package leader and on the board of the EU-Horizon 2020-funded project "MultipleMS" and am the Norwegian PI in International MS Genetics Consortium. I am the main contact for our affiliation with Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy in the MAGNIMS (Magnetic Resonance Imaging in MS) network.

Elected positions

2024-dd Member of the board of Oslo University Hospital
2022 - MS Society Centres of Excellence Management Board, UK
2022 - External advisory board, Neurosciences, Univ. of Leuven, Belgium
2020 - 2022 Member of Advisory commitee for medical research, Stiftelsen Kristian Georg Jebsen
2018 - 2022 Member of the evaluation committee of UiO’s awards for research, education, communication and innovation
2019 - 2022 Member of the Board for Resarch at Oslo University Hospital
2018 - 2022 Leader of the Board for the Monrad-Krohn prize
2017 - dd Member of the Board for the Forsberg and Aulies legat
2017 - 2019 Convenor of International MS Genetics Cnsortium (IMSGC)
2016 - 2022 Work package leader for EU-Horizon-project MultipleM
2016 - 2021 Work package leader for EU-Biotek-project Sys4MS
2016 - 2017 Member of advisory board for UiO: Livsvitenskap
2015 - 2018 Member of the Board for education at Oslo University Hospital
2014 - 2017 Leader of the Norwegian Brain Council (In Norwegian), from 2017 member of advisory board
2015 - 2017 Member of ECTRIMS council
2013 - dd Member of the Governance Group of the International MS Genetics Consortium (IMSGC)
2003 - dd Norwegian leader/Principle Investigator in the Nordic MS Genetics Network og International MS Genetics Consortium (IMSGC)

Teaching

I usually teach clinical neurology at the medical school at the University of Oslo.

I am from 2108 co-editor of the leading textbook of neurology and neurosurgery in Norway "Nevrologi og nevrokirurgi fra barn til voksen".

Background

Dean, Faculty of Medicine, UiO from January 2023
UHR "Dean school", 2023
Head of Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital Sept. 2018- Dec 2022
Deputy Head, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Facuty of Medicine, Unversity of Oslo from January 2015 to end of August 2018
Master Health Administration, UiO 2015
Visiting professor, University of San Fransisco, USA 2011-2012 (12 months)
Professor of neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiO from 2010
Leader of the MS research group OUS/UiO from 2003-2018, co-leader from 2018-2022 and co-leader of the research groups of MS-MRI research and Molecular and immunological studies at OUS/UiO
Senior consultant, Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital (Ullevål) from 2003
Dr. med (PhD) 2003, UiO
Visiting researcher University of Cambridge, UK, 2001 (6 months)
PhD student, thereafter postdoc at the Institute of Immunology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo 1997 - 2006
Specialist in clnical neurology 1997
Cand. med (MD) 1988, UiO

Collaborations

Neuroscience Research Unit, Oslo University Hospital (Celius, Berge, Bos, Tallaksen, Zwart, Toft, Dietrichs, Heuser, Taubøll)
Department of Neuroradiology, Oslo University Hospital (Beyer, Sowa, Due-Tønnesen, Bjørnerud)
NORMENT (Westlye, Andreassen)
Institute of Psychology, University of Oslo (Walhovd, Fjell, Landrø)
Norwegian MS Registry and Biobank (Myhr)
Institute of Basal Medical Sciences, University of Oslo (Spurkland)
Institute of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital (Lie)
Nordic Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Network (Kochum, Oturai, Saarela)
International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Consortium (IMSGC)
MultipleMS consortium (EU Horoxon 2020-funnded) (Kochum et al)
MAGNIMS (Magnetic Resonance Imaging in MS) networkby affiliation to Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
University of Cambridge Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Group (Sawcer, Ban, Compston)
University of California Berkeley (Barcellos)
University of California San Francisco (Oksenberg, Baranzini, Hauser)
University of Nantes, France (Gourraud)
Institut Biomedical Research August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS) Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (Villoslada)

Kennedy, Keith E.; de Rosbo, Nicole Kerlero; Uccelli, Antonio; Cellerino, Maria; Ivaldi, Federico & Contini, Paola [Show all 37 contributors for this article] (2024). Multiscale networks in multiple sclerosis. PLoS Computational Biology. ISSN 1553-734X. 20(2). doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010980.
Fleischer, Vinzenz; Gonzalez-Escamilla, Gabriel; Pareto, Deborah; Rovira, Alex; Sastre-Garriga, Jaume & Sowa, Piotr [Show all 23 contributors for this article] (2024). Prognostic value of single-subject grey matter networks in early multiple sclerosis. Brain. ISSN 0006-8950. 147(1), p. 135–146. doi: 10.1093/brain/awad288.
Andorra, Magi; Freire, Ana; Zubizarreta, Irati; de Rosbo, Nicole Kerlero; Bos, Steffan Daniel & Rinas, Melanie [Show all 40 contributors for this article] (2023). Predicting disease severity in multiple sclerosis using multimodal data and machine learning. Journal of Neurology. ISSN 0340-5354. doi: 10.1007/s00415-023-12132-z. Full text in Research Archive
Brune-Ingebretsen, Synne; Høgestøl, Einar August; de Rosbo, Nicole Kerlero; Berg-Hansen, Pål; Brunborg, Cathrine & Blennow, Kaj [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2023). Immune cell subpopulations and serum neurofilament light chain are associated with increased risk of disease worsening in multiple sclerosis. Journal of Neuroimmunology. ISSN 0165-5728. 382. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578175. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Changes is lymphocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood have been proposed as biomarkers for evaluation of disease activity in multiple sclerosis (MS). Serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) is a biomarker reflecting neuro-axonal injury in MS that could be used to monitor disease activity, response to drugs and to prognosticate disease course. Here we show a moderate correlation between sNfL and lymphocyte cell subpopulations, and our data furthermore suggest that sNfL and specific immune cell subpopulations together could predict future disease worsening in MS.
Lindland, Elisabeth Margrete Stokke; Solheim, Anne Marit; Andreassen, Silje; Bugge, Robin Antony Birkeland; Eikeland, Randi & Reiso, Harald [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2023). Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI shows altered blood–brain barrier function of deep gray matter structures in neuroborreliosis: a case–control study. European Radiology Experimental. 7(1). doi: 10.1186/s41747-023-00365-6. Full text in Research Archive
Wolf, Asia-Sophia Fumika Michaela; Ravussin, Anthony; König, Marton; Øverås, Mathias Herstad; Solum, Guri & Kjønstad, Ingrid Fadum [Show all 18 contributors for this article] (2023). T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination differ by disease-modifying therapy for multiple sclerosis. JCI Insight. ISSN 2379-3708. 8(12), p. 1–14. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.165111. Full text in Research Archive
Martí-Juan, Gerard; Sastre-Garriga, Jaume; Martinez-Heras, Eloy; Vidal-Jordana, Angela; Llufriu, Sara & Groppa, Sergiu [Show all 20 contributors for this article] (2023). Using The Virtual Brain to study the relationship between structural and functional connectivity in patients with multiple sclerosis: a multicenter study. Cerebral Cortex. ISSN 1047-3211. 33(12), p. 7322–7334. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhad041.
Harroud, Adil; Stridh, Pernilla; McCauley, Jacob L.; Saarela, Janna Saija; van den Bosch, Aletta M. R. & Engelenburg, Hendrik J. [Show all 120 contributors for this article] (2023). Locus for severity implicates CNS resilience in progression of multiple sclerosis. Nature. ISSN 0028-0836. 619(7969), p. 323–331. doi: 10.1038/s41586-023-06250-x.
Andreassen, Silje; Lindland, Elisabeth Margrete Stokke; Beyer, Mona K.; Solheim, Anne Marit; Ljøstad, Unn & Mygland, Åse Daasvand [Show all 13 contributors for this article] (2022). Assessment of cognitive function, structural brain changes and fatigue 6 months after treatment of neuroborreliosis. Journal of Neurology. ISSN 0340-5354. doi: 10.1007/s00415-022-11463-7. Full text in Research Archive
Rise, Henning Hoel; Brune, Synne; Chien, Claudia; Berge, Tone; Bos, Steffan Daniel & Andorrà, Magí [Show all 23 contributors for this article] (2022). Brain disconnectome mapping derived from white matter lesions and serum neurofilament light levels in multiple sclerosis: A longitudinal multicenter study. NeuroImage: Clinical. ISSN 2213-1582. 35, p. 1–11. doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103099. Full text in Research Archive
Brune, Synne; Høgestøl, Einar August; de Rodez Benavent, Sigrid Aune; Berg-Hansen, Pål; Beyer, Mona K. & Leikfoss, Ingvild Sørum [Show all 23 contributors for this article] (2022). Serum neurofilament light chain concentration predicts disease worsening in multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis. ISSN 1352-4585. 28(12), p. 1859–1870. doi: 10.1177/13524585221097296. Full text in Research Archive
Nes, Dragana; Berg-Hansen, Pål; de Rodez Benavent, Sigrid Aune; Høgestøl, Einar August; Beyer, Mona K. & Rinker, Daniel Allen [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2022). Exploring Retinal Blood Vessel Diameters as Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis. Journal of Clinical Medicine. ISSN 2077-0383. 11(11). doi: 10.3390/jcm11113109. Full text in Research Archive
Lie, Ingrid Anne; Wesnes, Kristin; Kvistad, Silje Agnethe Stokke; Brouwer, Iman; Wergeland, Stig & Holmøy, Trygve [Show all 20 contributors for this article] (2022). The Effect of Smoking on Long-term Gray Matter Atrophy and Clinical Disability in Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis. Neurology: Neuroimmunology and neuroinflammation. ISSN 2332-7812. 9(5), p. 1–10. doi: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000200008. Full text in Research Archive
Lie, Ingrid Anne; Kacar, Sezgi; Wesnes, Kristin; Brouwer, Iman; Kvistad, Silje Agnethe Stokke & Wergeland, Stig [Show all 24 contributors for this article] (2022). Serum neurofilament as a predictor of 10-year grey matter atrophy and clinical disability in multiple sclerosis: a longitudinal study. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. ISSN 0022-3050. 93(8), p. 849–857. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2021-328568. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Background The predictive value of serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) on long-term prognosis in multiple sclerosis (MS) is still unclear. Objective Investigate the relation between sNfL levels over a 2-year period in patients with relapsing-remitting MS, and clinical disability and grey matter (GM) atrophy after 10 years. Methods 85 patients, originally enrolled in a multicentre, randomised trial of ω−3 fatty acids, participated in a 10-year follow-up visit. sNfL levels were measured by Simoa quarterly until month 12, and then at month 24. The appearance of new gadolinium-enhancing (Gd+) lesions was assessed monthly between baseline and month 9, and then at months 12 and 24. At the 10-year follow-up visit, brain atrophy measures were obtained using FreeSurfer. Results Higher mean sNfL levels during early periods of active inflammation (Gd+ lesions present or recently present) predicted lower total (β=−0.399, p=0.040) and deep (β=−0.556, p=0.010) GM volume, lower mean cortical thickness (β=−0.581, p=0.010) and higher T2 lesion count (β=0.498, p=0.018). Of the clinical outcomes, higher inflammatory sNfL levels were associated with higher disability measured by the dominant hand Nine-Hole Peg Test (β=0.593, p=0.004). Mean sNfL levels during periods of remission (no Gd+ lesions present or recently present) did not predict GM atrophy or disability progression. Conclusion Higher sNfL levels during periods of active inflammation predicted more GM atrophy and specific aspects of clinical disability 10 years later. The findings suggest that subsequent long-term GM atrophy is mainly due to neuroaxonal degradation within new lesions.
Cappelletti, Chiara; Eriksson, Anna Maria; Brorson, Ina Skaara; Leikfoss, Ingvild Sørum; Glomstad Kråbøl, Oda & Høgestøl, Einar August [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2022). Quantitative proteomics reveals protein dysregulation during T cell activation in multiple sclerosis patients compared to healthy controls. Clinical Proteomics. ISSN 1542-6416. 19(1), p. 1–17. doi: 10.1186/s12014-022-09361-1. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, neurodegenerative disorder with a strong genetic component that acts in a complex interaction with environmental factors for disease development. CD4+ T cells are pivotal players in MS pathogenesis, where peripherally activated T cells migrate to the central nervous system leading to demyelination and axonal degeneration. Through a proteomic approach, we aim at identifying dysregulated pathways in activated T cells from MS patients as compared to healthy controls. Methods CD4+ T cells were purified from peripheral blood from MS patients and healthy controls by magnetic separation. Cells were left unstimulated or stimulated in vitro through the TCR and costimulatory CD28 receptor for 24 h prior to sampling. Electrospray liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to measure protein abundances. Results Upon T cell activation the abundance of 1801 proteins was changed. Among these proteins, we observed an enrichment of proteins expressed by MS-susceptibility genes. When comparing protein abundances in T cell samples from healthy controls and MS patients, 18 and 33 proteins were differentially expressed in unstimulated and stimulated CD4+ T cells, respectively. Moreover, 353 and 304 proteins were identified as proteins exclusively induced upon T cell activation in healthy controls and MS patients, respectively and dysregulation of the Nur77 pathway was observed only in samples from MS patients. Conclusions Our study highlights the importance of CD4+ T cell activation for MS, as proteins that change in abundance upon T cell activation are enriched for proteins encoded by MS susceptibility genes. The results provide evidence for proteomic disturbances in T cell activation in MS, and pinpoint to dysregulation of the Nur77 pathway, a biological pathway known to limit aberrant effector T cell responses.
Andreassen, Silje; Solheim, Anne Marit; Ljøstad, Unn; Mygland, Åse Daasvand; Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord & Reiso, Harald [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2022). Cognitive function in patients with neuroborreliosis: A prospective cohort study from the acute phase to 12 months post treatment. Brain and Behavior. ISSN 2162-3279. 12(6). doi: 10.1002/brb3.2608. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Background: Long-term cognitive problems after neuroborreliosis treatment remain a subject of debate. We have previously shown that cognitive problems are not present in the acute phase of neuroborreliosis, although fatigue is common. The aim of this study was to re-assess the same patient cohort and evaluate long-term outcomes. Methods: In this follow-up, we re-assessed 58 patients with well-characterized neuroborreliosis 12 months after completing treatment. The same protocol with eight subtests measuring attention and processing speed and the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) were used to compare the results from the acute phase to 12 months post treatment. Results: We found no changes in attention or processing speed but a reduction in the level of fatigue (median score on FSS: 4.9 vs. 3.9, p < .001) from the acute phase to 12 months post treatment. Conclusion: The patient group did not develop problems with attention or processing speed post treatment, while the level of fatigue decreased.
Brorson, Ina Skaara; Eriksson, Anna Maria; Høgestøl, Einar August; Leikfoss, Ingvild Sørum; Harbo, Hanne-Cathrin Flinstad & Berge, Tone [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2022). Global DNA methylation changes in treated and untreated MS patients measured over time. Journal of Neuroimmunology. ISSN 0165-5728. 364. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2022.577808. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, neurological disease. We investigated genome-wide DNA methylation profiles of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from MS patients and healthy controls at baseline and a follow-up visit. Patients were all treatment-naïve at baseline, and either on treatment or remained untreated at the follow-up visit. MS patients show more changes in their T cell DNA methylation profiles as compared to healthy controls over time, with the most pronounced differences observed in the untreated MS patients. These findings underline the potential of DNA methylation as biomarkers in MS.
Leonardsen, Esten Høyland; Peng, Han; Kaufmann, Tobias; Agartz, Ingrid; Andreassen, Ole & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen [Show all 19 contributors for this article] (2022). Deep neural networks learn general and clinically relevant representations of the ageing brain. NeuroImage. ISSN 1053-8119. 256. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119210. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
The discrepancy between chronological age and the apparent age of the brain based on neuroimaging data — the brain age delta — has emerged as a reliable marker of brain health. With an increasing wealth of data, approaches to tackle heterogeneity in data acquisition are vital. To this end, we compiled raw structural magnetic resonance images into one of the largest and most diverse datasets assembled (n=53542), and trained convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to predict age. We achieved state-of-the-art performance on unseen data from unknown scanners (n=2553), and showed that higher brain age delta is associated with diabetes, alcohol intake and smoking. Using transfer learning, the intermediate representations learned by our model complemented and partly outperformed brain age delta in predicting common brain disorders. Our work shows we can achieve generalizable and biologically plausible brain age predictions using CNNs trained on heterogeneous datasets, and transfer them to clinical use cases.
Creary, Lisa E.; Gangavarapu, Sridevi; Caillier, Stacy J.; Cavalcante, Paola; Frangiamore, Rita & Lie, Benedicte Alexandra [Show all 16 contributors for this article] (2021). Next-Generation Sequencing Identifies Extended HLA Class I and II Haplotypes Associated With Early-Onset and Late-Onset Myasthenia Gravis in Italian, Norwegian, and Swedish Populations. Frontiers in Immunology. ISSN 1664-3224. 12, p. 1–14. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.667336. Full text in Research Archive
König, Marton; Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord; Torgauten, Hilde Marie; Tran, Trung; Schikora-Rustad, Stine & Vaage, Eline Benno [Show all 22 contributors for this article] (2021). Humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in multiple sclerosis: the relevance of time since last rituximab infusion and first experience from sporadic revaccinations. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. ISSN 0022-3050. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2021-327612. Full text in Research Archive
Høgestøl, Einar August; Ghezzo, Samuele; Nygaard, Gro Owren; Espeseth, Thomas; Sowa, Piotr & Beyer, Mona K. [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2021). Functional connectivity in multiple sclerosis modelled as connectome stability: A 5-year follow-up study. Multiple Sclerosis. ISSN 1352-4585. p. 1–9. doi: 10.1177/13524585211030212. Full text in Research Archive
Aamodt, Anne Hege; Høgestøl, Einar August; Popperud, Trine Haug; Holter, Jan Cato; Dyrhol-Riise, Anne Ma & Tonby, Kristian [Show all 15 contributors for this article] (2021). Blood neurofilament light concentration at admittance: a potential prognostic marker in COVID-19. Journal of Neurology. ISSN 0340-5354. doi: 10.1007/s00415-021-10517-6. Full text in Research Archive
Eriksson, Anna Maria; Leikfoss, Ingvild Sørum; Abrahamsen, Greger; Gjerstad, Vibeke Sundvold; Mesel Isom, Martine & Keshari, Pankaj [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2021). Exploring the role of the multiple sclerosis susceptibility gene CLEC16A in T cells. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0300-9475. 94(1). doi: 10.1111/sji.13050. Full text in Research Archive
Wesnes, Kristin; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Riise, Trond; Kvistad, Silje Agnethe Stokke; Torkildsen, Øivind & Wergeland, Stig [Show all 17 contributors for this article] (2021). Low vitamin D, but not tobacco use or high BMI, is associated with long-term disability progression in multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders. ISSN 2211-0348. 50:102801, p. 1–7. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.102801. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Background: Low vitamin D levels, tobacco use and high body mass index (BMI) have been linked to adverse disease outcomes in multiple sclerosis (MS), but their influence on long-term disability progression remains unclear. Therefore, we explored whether these modifiable lifestyle factors were associated with 10-year clinical disability progression in patients with MS. Methods: In this prospective study, a cohort of 88 patients with relapsing-remitting MS completed a randomized controlled study on ω-3 fatty acids between 2004 and 2008. During 24 months, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25 (OH)D), serum cotinine (nicotine metabolite), and BMI were repeatedly measured. In 2017, a follow-up study was conducted among 80 of the participants, including disability assessment by the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). Linear regression was used to explore associations between the lifestyle factors and the EDSS change over 10 years. Results: Higher seasonally adjusted 25(OH)D levels were associated with lower 10-year EDSS progression (change in EDSS per 1 SD increase in 25(OH)D in a model adjusted for sex, age and baseline EDSS: -0.45 point, 95% CI: -0.75 to -0.16, p=0.003). Further adjustments for potential confounders related to lifestyle and disease status gave similar results. The association was mainly driven by low 25(OH)D levels during spring, as well as seasonally adjusted levels below 80 nmol/L. No clear association was found for BMI and cotinine. Conclusion: Lower 25(OH)D levels, but apparently not tobacco use or higher BMI, were significantly associated with worse long-term disability progression in MS.
Andreassen, Silje; Lindland, Elisabeth Margrete Stokke; Solheim, Anne Marit; Beyer, Mona K.; Ljøstad, Unn & Mygland, Åse Daasvand [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2021). Cognitive function, fatigue and Fazekas score in patients with acute neuroborreliosis. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases. ISSN 1877-959X. 12(3), p. 1–5. doi: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2021.101678. Full text in Research Archive
Cellerino, Maria; Ivaldi, Frederico; Pardini, Matteo; Rotta, Gianluca; Vila, Gemma & Bäcker-Koduah, Priscilla [Show all 23 contributors for this article] (2020). Impact of treatment on cellular immunophenotype in MS: A cross-sectional study. Neurology: Neuroimmunology and neuroinflammation. ISSN 2332-7812. 7(3), p. 1–13. doi: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000000693. Full text in Research Archive
Brune, Synne; Høgestøl, Einar August; Cengija, Vanja; Berg-Hansen, Pål; Sowa, Piotr & Nygaard, Gro Owren [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2020). LesionQuant for assessment of MRI in multiple sclerosis—A promising supplement to the visual scan inspection. Frontiers in Neurology. ISSN 1664-2295. 11:546744, p. 1–10. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.546744. Full text in Research Archive
Brorson, Ina Skaara; Eriksson, Anna Maria; Leikfoss, Ingvild Sørum; Vitelli, Valeria; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen & Luders, Torben [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2020). CD8 + T cell gene expression analysis identifies differentially expressed genes between multiple sclerosis patients and healthy controls. Multiple Sclerosis Journal, Experimental, Translational and Clinical. ISSN 2055-2173. doi: 10.1177/2055217320978511. Full text in Research Archive
Elvsåshagen, Torbjørn; Bahrami, Shahram; van der Meer, Dennis; Agartz, Ingrid; Alnæs, Dag & Barch, Deanna M. [Show all 76 contributors for this article] (2020). The genetic architecture of human brainstem structures and their involvement in common brain disorders. Nature Communications. ISSN 2041-1723. 11. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-17376-1. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Brainstem regions support vital bodily functions, yet their genetic architectures and involvement in common brain disorders remain understudied. Here, using imaging-genetics data from a discovery sample of 27,034 individuals, we identify 45 brainstem-associated genetic loci, including the first linked to midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata volumes, and map them to 305 genes. In a replication sample of 7432 participants most of the loci show the same effect direction and are significant at a nominal threshold. We detect genetic overlap between brainstem volumes and eight psychiatric and neurological disorders. In additional clinical data from 5062 individuals with common brain disorders and 11,257 healthy controls, we observe differential volume alterations in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, multiple sclerosis, mild cognitive impairment, dementia, and Parkinson’s disease, supporting the relevance of brainstem regions and their genetic architectures in common brain disorders.
Aamodt, Anne Hege; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Eldøen, Guttorm; Barratt-Due, Andreas & Aukrust, Pål (2020). Hvordan påvirkes hjernen ved covid-19? Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001. 140(10), p. 968–969. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.20.0444.
Rhead, Brooke; Brorson, Ina Skaara; Berge, Tone; Adams, Cameron; Quach, H. & Moen, Stine Marit [Show all 18 contributors for this article] (2019). Increased DNA methylation of SLFN12 in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from multiple sclerosis patients. PLOS ONE. ISSN 1932-6203. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206511.
Brorson, Ina Skaara; Eriksson, Anna Maria; Leikfoss, Ingvild Sørum; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Berg-Hansen, Pål & Barcellos, Lisa F [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2019). No differential gene expression for CD4+ T cells of MS patients and healthy controls. Multiple Sclerosis Journal, Experimental, Translational and Clinical. ISSN 2055-2173. 5(2). doi: 10.1177/2055217319856903.
Madireddy, Lohith; Patsopoulos, Nikolaos A.; Cotsapas, Chris; Bos, Steffan Daniel; Beecham, Ashley & McCauley, Jacob [Show all 64 contributors for this article] (2019). A systems biology approach uncovers cell-specific gene regulatory effects of genetic associations in multiple sclerosis. Nature Communications. ISSN 2041-1723. 10:2236, p. 1–12. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-09773-y. Full text in Research Archive
Patsopoulos, Nikolaos A.; Baranzini, Sergio E.; Santaniello, Adam; Shoostari, Parisa; Cotsapas, Chris & Wong, Garrett [Show all 154 contributors for this article] (2019). Multiple sclerosis genomic map implicates peripheral immune cells and microglia in susceptibility. Science. ISSN 0036-8075. 365:eaav7188(6460), p. 1–12. doi: 10.1126/science.aav7188. Show summary
We analyzed genetic data of 47,429 multiple sclerosis (MS) and 68,374 control subjects and established a reference map of the genetic architecture of MS that includes 200 autosomal susceptibility variants outside the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), one chromosome X variant, and 32 variants within the extended MHC. We used an ensemble of methods to prioritize 551 putative susceptibility genes that implicate multiple innate and adaptive pathways distributed across the cellular components of the immune system. Using expression profiles from purified human microglia, we observed enrichment for MS genes in these brain-resident immune cells, suggesting that these may have a role in targeting an autoimmune process to the central nervous system, although MS is most likely initially triggered by perturbation of peripheral immune responses
Brorson, Ina Skaara; Eriksson, Anna; Leikfoss, Ingvild Sørum; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Berg-Hansen, Pål & Barcellos, Lisa F. [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2019). No differential gene expression for CD4+ T cells of MS patients and healthy controls. Multiple Sclerosis Journal, Experimental, Translational and Clinical. ISSN 2055-2173. 5(2). doi: 10.1177/2055217319856903. Full text in Research Archive
Høgestøl, Einar August; Kaufmann, Tobias; Nygaard, Gro Owren; Beyer, Mona K.; Sowa, Piotr & Nordvik, Jan Egil [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2019). Cross-sectional and longitudinal MRI brain scans reveal accelerated brain aging in multiple sclerosis. Frontiers in Neurology. ISSN 1664-2295. 10:450, p. 1–9. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00450. Full text in Research Archive
Kaufmann, Tobias; van der Meer, Dennis; Doan, Nhat Trung; Schwarz, Emanuel; Lund, Martina Jonette & Agartz, Ingrid [Show all 84 contributors for this article] (2019). Common brain disorders are associated with heritable patterns of apparent aging of the brain. Nature Neuroscience. ISSN 1097-6256. 22(10), p. 1617–1623. doi: 10.1038/s41593-019-0471-7. Full text in Research Archive
Berge, Tone; Eriksson, Anna; Brorson, Ina Skaara; Høgestøl, Einar August; Berg-Hansen, Pål & Døskeland, Anne Marie Simonne [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2019). Quantitative proteomic analyses of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells reveal differentially expressed proteins in multiple sclerosis patients and healthy controls . Clinical Proteomics. ISSN 1542-6416. 16:19, p. 1–18. doi: 10.1186/s12014-019-9241-5. Full text in Research Archive
Benavent, Sigrid Aune de Rodez; Nygaard, Gro Owren; Nilsen, Kristian Bernhard; Etholm, Lars; Sowa, Piotr & Gustavsen, Marte Wendel [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2019). Neurodegenerative interplay of cardiovascular autonomic dysregulation and the retina in early multiple sclerosis. Frontiers in Neurology. ISSN 1664-2295. 10, p. 1–9. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00507. Full text in Research Archive
Høgestøl, Einar August; Nygaard, Gro Owren; Alnæs, Dag; Beyer, Mona K.; Westlye, Lars Tjelta & Harbo, Hanne Flinstad (2019). Symptoms of fatigue and depression is reflected in altered default mode network connectivity in multiple sclerosis. PLOS ONE. ISSN 1932-6203. 14(4). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210375. Full text in Research Archive
Mitrovic, Mitja; Patsopoulos, Nikolaos A.; Beecham, Ashley H.; Dankowski, Theresa; Goris, An & Dubois, Benedicte [Show all 52 contributors for this article] (2018). Low-Frequency and Rare-Coding Variation Contributes to Multiple Sclerosis Risk. Cell. ISSN 0092-8674. 175(6), p. 1679–1687. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.09.049. Full text in Research Archive
Sowa, Piotr; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; White, Nathan S.; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Bartsch, Hauke & Berg-Hansen, Pål [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2018). Restriction spectrum imaging of white matter and its relation to neurological disability in multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis. ISSN 1352-4585. p. 1–12. doi: 10.1177/1352458518765671. Full text in Research Archive
Rhead, Brooke; Brorson, Ina Skaara; Berge, Tone; Adams, Cameron; Quach, Hong & Moen, Stine Marit [Show all 18 contributors for this article] (2018). Increased DNA methylation of SLFN12 in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from multiple sclerosis patients. PLOS ONE. ISSN 1932-6203. 13(10). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206511. Full text in Research Archive
Lindland, Elisabeth Margrete Stokke; Solheim, Anne Marit; Andreassen, Silje; Paulsen, Else Quist; Eikeland, Randi & Ljøstad, Unn [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2018). Imaging in Lyme neuroborreliosis. Insight into Imaging. ISSN 1869-4101. 9(5), p. 833–844. doi: 10.1007/s13244-018-0646-x. Full text in Research Archive
Akhmadeev, Konstantin; Houssein, Aya; Moussaoui, Said; Høgestøl, Einar August; Tutturen, Ingerid Maria Voorham & Harbo, Hanne Flinstad [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2018). SVM-based tool to detect patients with multiple sclerosis using a commercial EMG sensor. Proceedings of the IEEE Sensor Array and Multichannel Signal Processing Workshop. ISSN 1551-2282. 2018-July, p. 376–379. doi: 10.1109/SAM.2018.8448391. Full text in Research Archive
Page, Christian; Vos, Linda; Rounge, Trine Ballestad; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Kulle, Bettina (2018). Assessing genome-wide significance for the detection of differentially methylated regions. Statistical Applications in Genetics and Molecular Biology. ISSN 1544-6115. 17(6). doi: 10.1515/sagmb-2017-0050. Full text in Research Archive
Kular, Lara; Liu, Yun; Ruhrmann, Sabrina; Zheleznyakova, Galina; Marabita, Francesco & Gomez-Cabrero, David [Show all 48 contributors for this article] (2018). DNA methylation as a mediator of HLA-DRB1 15:01 and a protective variant in multiple sclerosis. Nature Communications. ISSN 2041-1723. 9(1), p. 1–15. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04732-5. Full text in Research Archive
Olafsson, Sigurgeir; Olafsson, S.; Stridh, Pernilla; Stridh, P.; Bos, Steffan Daniel & Ingason, Andrés [Show all 72 contributors for this article] (2017). Fourteen sequence variants that associate with multiple sclerosis discovered by meta-analysis informed by genetic correlations. NPJ GENOMIC MEDICINE. ISSN 2056-7944. 2. doi: 10.1038/s41525-017-0027-2. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
A meta-analysis of publicly available summary statistics on multiple sclerosis combined with three Nordic multiple sclerosis cohorts (21,079 cases, 371,198 controls) revealed seven sequence variants associating with multiple sclerosis, not reported previously. Using polygenic risk scores based on public summary statistics of variants outside the major histocompatibility complex region we quantified genetic overlap between common autoimmune diseases in Icelanders and identified disease clusters characterized by autoantibody presence/absence. As multiple sclerosis-polygenic risk scores captures the risk of primary biliary cirrhosis and vice versa (P = 1.6 x 10(-7), 4.3 x 10(-9)) we used primary biliary cirrhosis as a proxy-phenotype for multiple sclerosis, the idea being that variants conferring risk of primary biliary cirrhosis have a prior probability of conferring risk of multiple sclerosis. We tested 255 variants forming the primary biliary cirrhosis-polygenic risk score and found seven multiple sclerosis-associating variants not correlated with any previously established multiple sclerosis variants. Most of the variants discovered are close to or within immune-related genes. One is a low-frequency missense variant in TYK2, another is a missense variant in MTHFR that reduces the function of the encoded enzyme affecting methionine metabolism, reported to be dysregulated in multiple sclerosis brain.
Sowa, Piotr; Nygaard, Gro Owren; Bjørnerud, Atle; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Beyer, Mona K. (2017). Magnetic resonance imaging perfusion is associated with disease severity and activity in multiple sclerosis. Neuroradiology. ISSN 0028-3940. 59(7), p. 655–664. doi: 10.1007/s00234-017-1849-4. Full text in Research Archive
Hedström, Anna Karin; Katsoulis, Michail; Hössjer, Ola; Bomfim, Izaura L.; Oturai, Annette & Søndergaard, Helle Bach [Show all 19 contributors for this article] (2017). The interaction between smoking and HLA genes in multiple sclerosis: replication and refinement. European Journal of Epidemiology (EJE). ISSN 0393-2990. 32 , p. 909–919. doi: 10.1007/s10654-017-0250-2. Full text in Research Archive
de Rodez Benavent, Sigrid Aune; Nygaard, Gro Owren; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Tønnesen, Siren; Sowa, Piotr & Landrø, Nils Inge [Show all 13 contributors for this article] (2017). Fatigue and cognition: Pupillary responses to problem-solving in early multiple sclerosis patients. Brain and Behavior. ISSN 2162-3279. 7. doi: 10.1002/brb3.717. Full text in Research Archive
George, Michaela F.; Briggs, Farren B.S.; Shao, Xiaorong; Gianfrancesco, Milena A.; Kockum, Ingrid & Harbo, Hanne-Cathrin Flinstad [Show all 34 contributors for this article] (2016). Multiple sclerosis risk loci and disease severity in 7,125 individuals from 10 studies. Neurology: Genetics. ISSN 2376-7839. 2(4). doi: 10.1212/NXG.0000000000000087.
Gustavsen, Marte Wendel; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Winsvold, Bendik K S; Moen, Stine Marit; Nygaard, Gro Owren & Berg-Hansen, Pål [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2016). Migraine and frequent tension-type headache are not associated with multiple sclerosis in a Norwegian case-control study. Multiple Sclerosis Journal, Experimental, Translational and Clinical. ISSN 2055-2173. 2, p. 1–4. doi: 10.1177/2055217316682976. Full text in Research Archive
Keshavan, Anisha; Paul, Friedemann; Beyer, Mona K.; Zhu, Alyssa H.; Papinutto, Nico & Shinohara, Russell T. [Show all 56 contributors for this article] (2016). Power estimation for non-standardized multisite studies. NeuroImage. ISSN 1053-8119. 134, p. 281–294. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.03.051.
Bos, Steffan Daniel; Berge, Tone; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen & Harbo, Hanne Flinstad (2016). From genetic associations to functional studies in multiple sclerosis. European Journal of Neurology. ISSN 1351-5101. 23(5), p. 847–853. doi: 10.1111/ene.12981.
Keshari, Pankaj; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Aarseth, Jan Harald; Bos, Steffan Daniel & Berge, Tone (2016). Allelic imbalance of multiple sclerosis susceptibility genes IKZF3 and IQGAP1 in human peripheral blood. BMC Genetics. ISSN 1471-2156. 17(1). doi: 10.1186/s12863-016-0367-4.
Wang, Yunpeng; Bos, Steffan Daniel; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Thompson, Wesley K.; Schork, Andrew J. & Bettella, Francesco [Show all 14 contributors for this article] (2016). Genetic overlap between multiple sclerosis and several cardiovascular disease risk factors. Multiple Sclerosis. ISSN 1352-4585. 22(14), p. 1783–1793. doi: 10.1177/1352458516635873.
Berge, Tone; Leikfoss, Ingvild Sørum; Brorson, Ina Skaara; Bos, Steffan Daniel; Page, Christian & Gustavsen, Marte Wendel [Show all 13 contributors for this article] (2016). The multiple sclerosis susceptibility genes TAGAP and IL2RA are regulated by Vitamin D in CD4+ T cells. Genes and Immunity. ISSN 1466-4879. 17(2), p. 118–127. doi: 10.1038/gene.2015.61.
Seldin, Michael F.; Alkhairy, Omar K; Lee, Annette T.; Lamb, Janine; Sussman, Jon & Pirskanen-Matell, Ritva [Show all 19 contributors for this article] (2015). Genome-wide association study of late-onset myasthenia gravis: Confirmation of TNFRSF11A and identification of ZBTB10 and three distinct HLA associations. Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass. Print). ISSN 1076-1551. 21, p. 769–781. doi: 10.2119/molmed.2015.00232. Show summary
To investigate the genetics of late-onset myasthenia gravis (LOMG), we conducted a genome-wide association study imputation of >6 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 532 LOMG cases (anti–acetylcholine receptor [AChR] antibody positive; onset age ≥50 years) and 2,128 controls matched for sex and population substructure. The data confirm reported TNFRSF11A associations (rs4574025, P = 3.9 × 10–7, odds ratio [OR] 1.42) and identify a novel candidate gene, ZBTB10, achieving genome-wide significance (rs6998967, P = 8.9 × 10–10, OR 0.53). Several other SNPs showed suggestive significance including rs2476601 (P = 6.5 × 10–6, OR 1.62) encoding the PTPN22 R620W variant noted in early-onset myasthenia gravis (EOMG) and other autoimmune diseases. In contrast, EOMG-associated SNPs in TNIP1 showed no association in LOMG, nor did other loci suggested for EOMG. Many SNPs within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region showed strong associations in LOMG, but with smaller effect sizes than in EOMG (highest OR ~2 versus ~6 in EOMG). Moreover, the strongest associations were in opposite directions from EOMG, including an OR of 0.54 for DQA1*05:01 in LOMG (P = 5.9 × 10–12) versus 2.82 in EOMG (P = 3.86 × 10–45). Association and conditioning studies for the MHC region showed three distinct and largely independent association peaks for LOMG corresponding to (a) MHC class II (highest attenuation when conditioning on DQA1), (b) HLA-A and (c) MHC class III SNPs. Conditioning studies of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) amino acid residues also suggest potential functional correlates. Together, these findings emphasize the value of subgrouping myasthenia gravis patients for clinical and basic investigations and imply distinct predisposing mechanisms in LOMG.
Sowa, Piotr; Bjørnerud, Atle; Nygaard, Gro Owren; Damangir, Soheil; Spulber, Gabriela & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2015). Reduced perfusion in white matter lesions in multiple sclerosis. European Journal of Radiology. ISSN 0720-048X. 84(12), p. 2605–2612. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2015.09.007.
Moutsianas, Loukas; Jostins, Luke; Beecham, Ashley H.; Dilthey, Alexander T.; Xifara, Dionysia K. & Ban, Maria [Show all 55 contributors for this article] (2015). Class II HLA interactions modulate genetic risk for multiple sclerosis. Nature Genetics. ISSN 1061-4036. 47(10), p. 1107–1113. doi: 10.1038/ng.3395.
Nygaard, Gro Owren; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; de Rodez Benavent, Sigrid Aune; Sowa, Piotr; Gustavsen, Marte Wendel & Fjell, Anders Martin [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2015). A longitudinal study of disability, cognition and gray matter atrophy in early multiple sclerosis patients according to evidence of disease activity. PLOS ONE. ISSN 1932-6203. 10(8). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135974. Full text in Research Archive
Page, Christian; Baranzini, Sergio E.; Mevik, Bjørn-Helge; Bos, Steffan Daniel; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Kulle, Bettina (2015). Assessing the Power of Exome Chips. PLOS ONE. ISSN 1932-6203. 10(10). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139642. Full text in Research Archive
Nygaard, Gro Owren; de Rodez Benavent, Sigrid Aune; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Laeng, Bruno; Sowa, Piotr & Damangir, Soheil [Show all 13 contributors for this article] (2015). Eye and hand motor interactions with the Symbol Digit Modalities Test in early multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders. ISSN 2211-0348. 4(6), p. 585–589. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2015.08.003.
Goris, An; Pauwels, Ine; Gustavsen, Marte Wendel; Van Son, Brechtje; Hilven, Kelly & Bos, Steffan Daniel [Show all 46 contributors for this article] (2015). Genetic variants are major determinants of CSF antibody levels in multiple sclerosis. Brain. ISSN 0006-8950. 138(3), p. 632–643. doi: 10.1093/brain/awu405.
Leikfoss, Ingvild Sørum; Keshari, Pankaj Kumar; Gustavsen, Marte Wendel; Bjølgerud, Anja; Brorson, Ina Skaara & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2015). Multiple sclerosis risk allele in CLEC16A acts as an expression quantitative trait locus for CLEC16A and SOCS1 in CD4+ T cells. PLOS ONE. ISSN 1932-6203. 10>e0132957(7). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132957. Full text in Research Archive
Bos, Steffan Daniel; Page, Christian; Kulle, Bettina; Elboudwarej, Emon; Gustavsen, Marte Wendel & Briggs, Farren [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2015). Genome-wide DNA methylation profiles indicate CD8+ T cell hypermethylation in multiple sclerosis. PLOS ONE. ISSN 1932-6203. 10(3). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117403.
Sundal, Christina Heidemann; Baker, Matt C.; Karrenbauer, Virginija Danylaité; Gustavsen, Marte Wendel; Bedri, Sahl Khalid & Glaser, Anna [Show all 15 contributors for this article] (2015). Hereditary diffuse leukoencephalopathy with spheroids with phenotype of primary progressive multiple sclerosis. European Journal of Neurology. ISSN 1351-5101. 22(2), p. 328–333. doi: 10.1111/ene.12572.
Westerlind, Helga; Imrell, Kerstin; Ramanujam, Ryan; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen & Harbo, Hanne Flinstad [Show all 13 contributors for this article] (2015). Identity-by-descent mapping in a Scandinavian multiple sclerosis cohort. European Journal of Human Genetics. ISSN 1018-4813. 23(5), p. 688–692. doi: 10.1038/ejhg.2014.155. Full text in Research Archive
Berg-Hansen, Pål; Moen, Stine Marit; Sandvik, Leiv; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Bakken, Inger Johanne & Stoltenberg, Camilla [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2015). Prevalence of multiple sclerosis among immigrants in Norway. Multiple Sclerosis. ISSN 1352-4585. 21(6), p. 695–702. doi: 10.1177/1352458514554055.
Nygaard, Gro Owren; Walhovd, Kristine B; Sowa, Piotr; Chepkoech, Joy-Loi; Bjørnerud, Atle & Due-Tønnessen, Paulina [Show all 14 contributors for this article] (2015). Cortical thickness and surface area relate to specific symptoms in early relapsing−remitting multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis. ISSN 1352-4585. 21(4), p. 402–414. doi: 10.1177/1352458514543811.
Eriksen, Agnete Bratsberg; Berge, Tone; Gustavsen, Marte Wendel; Leikfoss, Ingvild Sørum; Bos, Steffan Daniel & Spurkland, Anne [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2015). Retinoic acid enhances the levelels of IL-10 in TLR-stimulated B cells from patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Journal of Neuroimmunology. ISSN 0165-5728. 278, p. 11–18. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2014.11.019.
Andreassen, Ole Andreas; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Wang, Yunpeng; Thompson, WK; Schork, AJ & Mattingsdal, Morten [Show all 18 contributors for this article] (2015). Genetic pleiotropy between multiple sclerosis and schizophrenia but not bipolar disorder: differential involvement of immune-related gene loci. Molecular Psychiatry. ISSN 1359-4184. 20(2), p. 207–214. doi: 10.1038/mp.2013.195. Full text in Research Archive
Berge, Tone & Harbo, Hanne Flinstad (2014). Fra identifikasjon til karakterisering av CLEC16A – et mottagelighetsgen for multippel sklerose. Best Practice. ISSN 1329-1874.
Goris, An; Van Setten, Jessica; Diekstra, Frank; Ripke, Stephan; Patsopoulos, Nikolaos A. & Sawcer, Stephen [Show all 141 contributors for this article] (2014). No evidence for shared genetic basis of common variants in multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Human Molecular Genetics. ISSN 0964-6906. 23(7), p. 1916–1922. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddt574.
Damotte, V; Guillot-Noel, Lena; Patsopoulos, Nikolaos A.; Madireddy, L; Behi, M El & Ban, Maria [Show all 128 contributors for this article] (2014). A gene pathway analysis highlights the role of cellular adhesion molecules in multiple sclerosis susceptibility. Genes and Immunity. ISSN 1466-4879. 15, p. 126–132. doi: 10.1038/gene.2013.70.
Avidan, Nili; Panse, Rozen Le; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Bernasconi, Pia; Poulas, Konstantinos & Ginzburg, Elizabeta [Show all 28 contributors for this article] (2014). VAV1 and BAFF, via NFκB pathway, are genetic risk factors for myasthenia gravis. Annals of clinical and translational neurology. ISSN 2328-9503. 1(5), p. 329–339. doi: 10.1002/acn3.51.
Gustavsen, Marte Wendel; Page, Christian; Moen, Stine Marit; Bjølgerud, Anja; Berg-Hansen, Pål & Nygaard, Gro Owren [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2014). Environmental exposures and the risk of multiple sclerosis investigated in a Norwegian case-control study. BMC Neurology. ISSN 1471-2377. 14(1). doi: 10.1186/s12883-014-0196-x. Full text in Research Archive
Berg-Hansen, Pål; Moen, Stine Marit; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen (2014). High prevalence and no latitude gradient of multiple sclerosis in Norway. Multiple Sclerosis. ISSN 1352-4585. 20(13), p. 1780–1782. doi: 10.1177/1352458514525871.
Sundqvist, Emilie; Buck, Dorothea; Warnke, Clemens; Albrecht, Eva; Gieger, Christian & Khademi, Mohsen [Show all 41 contributors for this article] (2014). JC Polyomavirus Infection Is Strongly Controlled by Human Leucocyte Antigen Class II Variants. PLoS Pathogens. ISSN 1553-7366. 10(4). doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004084.
Gustavsen, Marte Wendel; Viken, Marte K; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Berge, Tone; Mero, Inger-Lise & Berg-Hansen, Pål [Show all 17 contributors for this article] (2014). Oligoclonal band phenotypes in MS differ in their HLA class II association, while specific KIR ligands at HLA class I show association to MS in general. Journal of Neuroimmunology. ISSN 0165-5728. 274(1-2), p. 174–179. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2014.06.024.
Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Isobe, Noriko; Berg-Hansen, Pål; Bos, Steffan Daniel; Caillier, Stacy & Gustavsen, Marte Wendel [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2014). Oligoclonal bands and age at onset correlate with genetic risk score in multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis. ISSN 1352-4585. 20(6), p. 660–668. doi: 10.1177/1352458513506503.
Leikfoss, Ingvild Sørum; Mero, Inger-Lise; Dahle, Maria Krudtaa; Lie, Benedicte Alexandra; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Spurkland, Anne [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2013). Multiple sclerosis-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms in CLEC16A correlate with reduced SOCS1 and DEXI expression in the thymus. Genes and Immunity. ISSN 1466-4879. 14(1), p. 62–66. doi: 10.1038/gene.2012.52.
Baranzini, SE; Celius, E.G.; Elovaara, I; Harbo, HF; Hillert, J & Myhr, Kjell-Morten [Show all 84 contributors for this article] (2013). Network-based multiple sclerosis pathway analysis with GWAS data from 15,000 cases and 30,000 controls. American Journal of Human Genetics. ISSN 0002-9297. p. 854–865. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.04.019.
Rosella, Mechelli; Renato, Umeton; Policano, Claudia; Annibali, Viviana; Giulia, Coarelli & Ricigliano, Vito A. G. [Show all 55 contributors for this article] (2013). A ‘‘candidate-interactome’’ aggregate analysis of genome-wide association data in multiple sclerosis. PLOS ONE. ISSN 1932-6203. 8(5). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063300.
Isobe, Noriko; Gourraud, Pierre-Antoine; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Caillier, Stacy; Santaniello, A & Khankhanian, Pouya [Show all 17 contributors for this article] (2013). Genetic risk variants in African Americans With multiple sclerosis. Neurology. ISSN 0028-3878. 81(3), p. 219–227. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e31829bfe2f.
Leone, Maurizio A.; Barizzone, Nadia; Esposito, Federica; Lucenti, Ausiliatrice; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Goris, An [Show all 21 contributors for this article] (2013). Association of genetic markers with CSF oligoclonal bands in multiple sclerosis patients. PLOS ONE. ISSN 1932-6203. 8(6). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064408.
Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Gold, Ralf & Tintore, Mar (2013). Sex and gender issues in multiple sclerosis. Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders (TAND). ISSN 1756-2856. 6(4), p. 237–248. doi: 10.1177/1756285613488434.
Berg-Hansen, Pål; SMESTAD, CATHRINE; Sandvik, Leiv; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen (2013). Increased disease severity in non-Western immigrants with multiple sclerosis in Oslo, Norway. European Journal of Neurology. ISSN 1351-5101. 20(12), p. 1546–1552. doi: 10.1111/ene.12227.
Beecham, Ashley H.; Patsopoulos, NA; Xifara, DK; Davis, MF; Kemppinen, A & Cotsapas, C [Show all 193 contributors for this article] (2013). Analysis of immune-related loci identifies 48 new susceptibility variants for multiple sclerosis. Nature Genetics. ISSN 1061-4036. 45(11), p. 1353–1360. doi: 10.1038/ng.2770.
Ban, Maria; Caillier, Stacy; Mero, Inger-Lise; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen & Aarseth, Jan Harald [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2013). No evidence of association between mutant alleles of the CYP27B1 gene and multiple sclerosis. Annals of Neurology. ISSN 0364-5134. 73(3), p. 430–432. doi: 10.1002/ana.23833.
Berge, Tone; Leikfoss, Ingvild Sørum & Harbo, Hanne Flinstad (2013). From Identification to Characterization of the Multiple Sclerosis Susceptibility Gene CLEC16A. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. ISSN 1661-6596. 14(3), p. 4476–4497. doi: 10.3390/ijms14034476.
Mero, Inger-Lise; Gustavsen, Marte Wendel; Sæther, Hanne Skarpodde; Flåm, Siri Tennebø; Berg-Hansen, Pål & Søndergaard, Helle Bach [Show all 22 contributors for this article] (2013). Oligoclonal band status in Scandinavian multiple sclerosis patients is associated with specific genetic risk alleles. PLOS ONE. ISSN 1932-6203. 8(3). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058352.
Høglund, Rune Alexander; Holmøy, Trygve; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Maghazachi, Azzam (2013). A One Year Follow-Up Study of Natural Killer and Dendritic Cells Activities in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Receiving Glatiramer Acetate (GA). PLOS ONE. ISSN 1932-6203. 8(4). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062237.
Maniaol, Angelina; Boldingh, Marion Ingeborg; Brunborg, Cathrine; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Tallaksen, Chantal (2013). Smoking and socio-economic status may affect myasthenia gravis. European Journal of Neurology. ISSN 1351-5101. 20(3), p. 453–460. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2012.03843.x.
Brambilla, Paola; Esposito, Federica; Lindström, Eva S.; Sorosina, Melissa; Giacalone, Giacomo & Clarelli, Ferdinando [Show all 22 contributors for this article] (2012). Association between DPP6 polymorphism and the risk of progressive multiple sclerosis in Northern and Southern Europeans. Neuroscience Letters. ISSN 0304-3940. 530(2), p. 155–160. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2012.10.008.
Martinelli-Boneschi, Filippo; Esposito, Federica; Brambilla, Paola; Lindström, Eva S.; Lavorgna, Giovanni & Stankovich, Jim [Show all 23 contributors for this article] (2012). A genome-wide association study in progressive multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis. ISSN 1352-4585. 18(10), p. 1384–1394. doi: 10.1177/1352458512439118.
Gregersen, Peter K.; Kosoy, Roman; Lee, Annette T.; Lamb, Janine; Sussman, Jon & McKee, David [Show all 29 contributors for this article] (2012). Risk for Myasthenia Gravis Maps to a 151Pro!Ala Change in TNIP1 and to Human Leukocyte Antigen-B*08. Annals of Neurology. ISSN 0364-5134. 72(6), p. 927–935. doi: 10.1002/ana.23691.
Link, Jenny; Kockum, Ingrid; Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord; Lie, Benedicte Alexandra; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen & Westerlind, Helga [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2012). Importance of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and II alleles on the risk of multiple sclerosis. PLOS ONE. ISSN 1932-6203. 7(5:e36779). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036779.
Gourraud, Pierre-Antoine; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Hauser, Stephen L & Baranzini, Sergio E. (2012). The genetics of multiple sclerosis: an up-to-date review. Immunological Reviews. ISSN 0105-2896. 248, p. 87–103. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065X.2012.01134.x.
Maniaol, Angelina; Elsais, Ahmed; Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord; Owe, Jone Furulund; Viken, Marte K & Sæther, Hanne Skarpodde [Show all 17 contributors for this article] (2012). Late onset myasthenia gravis is associated with HLA DRB1*15:01 in the Norwegian population. PLOS ONE. ISSN 1932-6203. 7(5). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036603. Full text in Research Archive
Mero, Inger-Lise; SMESTAD, CATHRINE; Lie, Benedicte Alexandra; Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord; Sandvik, Leiv & Landrø, Nils Inge [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2012). Polymorphisms of the BDNF gene show neither association with multiple sclerosis susceptibility nor clinical course. Journal of Neuroimmunology. ISSN 0165-5728. 244(1-2), p. 107–110. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2012.01.011.
Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Mero, Inger-Lise (2012). From genes to characteristics of multiple sclerosis. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. ISSN 0001-6314. 126, p. 76–83. doi: 10.1111/ane.12027.
Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Mero, Inger-Lise (2012). From genes to characteristics of multiple sclerosis. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, Supplementum. ISSN 0065-1427. 126, p. 76–83. doi: 10.1111/ane.12027.
Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord; Lie, Benedicte Alexandra; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen & Spurkland, Anne (2011). Nytt genkart for multippel sklerose. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001. 131(21), p. 2126–2130. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.10.0823.
Hansen, Bettina; Oturai, Annette Bang; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Nissen, Kari K. & Laska, Magdalena J. [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2011). Genetic Association of Multiple Sclerosis with the Marker rs391745 near the Endogenous Retroviral Locus HERV-Fc1: Analysis of Disease Subtypes. PLOS ONE. ISSN 1932-6203. 6(10). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026438.
Søndergaard, Helle Bach; Sellebjerg, Finn; Hillert, Jan; Olsson, Tomas; Kockum, Ingrid & Lindén, Magdalena [Show all 14 contributors for this article] (2011). Alterations in KLRB1 gene expression and a Scandinavian multiple sclerosis association study of the KLRB1 SNP rs4763655. European Journal of Human Genetics. ISSN 1018-4813. 19(10), p. 1100–1103. doi: 10.1038/ejhg.2011.88.
Pandya, Abhilash D.; Al-Jaderi, Zaidoon; Høglund, Rune Alexander; Holmøy, Trygve; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Norgauer, Johannes [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2011). Identification of Human NK17/NK1 Cells. PLOS ONE. ISSN 1932-6203. 6(10). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026780.
Lundström, Wangko; Greiner, Eva; Lundmark, Frida; Westerlind, Helga; SMESTAD, CATHRINE & Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord [Show all 13 contributors for this article] (2011). No influence on disease progression of non-HLA susceptibility genes in MS. Journal of Neuroimmunology. ISSN 0165-5728. 237(1-2), p. 98–100. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2011.05.003.
Sawcer, S; Hellenthal, G; Pirinen, M; Spencer, CCA; Patsopoulos, NA & Moutsianas, L [Show all 242 contributors for this article] (2011). Genetic risk and a primary role for cell-mediated immune mechanisms in multiple sclerosis. Nature. ISSN 0028-0836. 476(7359), p. 214–219. doi: 10.1038/nature10251.
Burgunder, Jean-Marc; Schöls, Ludger; Baets, Jonathan; Andersen, Peter Munch; Gasser, Thomas & Szolnoki, Zoltan [Show all 18 contributors for this article] (2011). EFNS guidelines for the molecular diagnosis of neurogenetic disorders: motoneuron, peripheral nerve and muscle disorders. European Journal of Neurology. ISSN 1351-5101. 18(2), p. 207–E20. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2010.03069.x.
Mero, Inger-Lise; Ban, Maria; Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord; SMESTAD, CATHRINE; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen & Sæther, Hanne Skarpodde [Show all 18 contributors for this article] (2011). Exploring the CLEC16A gene reveals a MS-associated variant with correlation to the relative expression of CLEC16A isoforms in thymus. Genes and Immunity. ISSN 1466-4879. 12(3), p. 191–198. doi: 10.1038/gene.2010.59.
Burgunder, J-M.; Finsterer, J.; Szolnoki, Z.; Fontaine, B.; Baets, J. & Van Broeckhoven, C. [Show all 17 contributors for this article] (2010). EFNS guidelines on the molecular diagnosis of channelopathies, epilepsies, migraine, stroke, and dementias. European Journal of Neurology. ISSN 1351-5101. 17(5), p. 641–648. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2010.02985.x.
Burgunder, JM; Et al, More authors; Tallaksen, Chantal & Harbo, Hanne Flinstad (2010). EFNS guidelines for the molecular diagnosis of neurodegenerative disorders:motoneuron, peripheral nerve and muscle disorders. European Journal of Neurology. ISSN 1351-5101. 18, p. 207–217. doi: 10.1111/j.468-1331.2010.03069.x.
Beyeen, AD; Adzemovic, Milena Z.; Öckinger, Johan; Sridh, Pernilla; Et al, More authors & Becanovic, Kristina [Show all 16 contributors for this article] (2010). IL-22RA2 Associates with Multiple Sclerosis and Macrophage Effector Mechanisms in Experimental Neuroinflammation. Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0022-1767. 185(11), p. 6883–6890. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1001392.
Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord; Melum, Espen; Ellinghaus, Eva; Smestad, Cathrine; Mero, Inger-Lise & Aarseth, Jan Harald [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2010). Association to the Glypican-5 gene in multiple sclerosis. Journal of Neuroimmunology. ISSN 0165-5728. 226(1-2), p. 194–197. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2010.07.003.
Link, Jenny; Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord; Kochum, Ingrid; Duvefelt, Kristina; Lie, Benedicte Alexandra & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2010). Two HLA class I genes independently associated with multiple sclerosis. Journal of Neuroimmunology. ISSN 0165-5728. 226(1-2), p. 172–176. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2010.07.006.
Esposito, Floriana; Patsopoulos, NA; Cepok, Sabine; Kockum, I; Leppa, V & Booth, DR [Show all 69 contributors for this article] (2010). IL12A, MPHOSPH9/CDK2AP1 and RGS1 are novel multiple sclerosis susceptibility loci. Genes and Immunity. ISSN 1466-4879. 11(5), p. 397–405. doi: 10.1038/gene.2010.28.
Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Riccio, Maria Elena; Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord; Utsi, Egil; Myhr, Kjell-Morten & Mellgren, Svein Ivar [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2010). Norwegian Sami differs significantly from other Norwegians according to their HLA profile. Tissue Antigens. ISSN 0001-2815. 75(3), p. 207–217. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2009.01425.x.
Nohra, R; Beyeen, A.D.; Guo, JP; Khademi, M; Sundqvist, E & Hedreul, M [Show all 17 contributors for this article] (2010). RGMA and IL21R show association with experimental inflammation and multiple sclerosis. Genes and Immunity. ISSN 1466-4879. 11(4), p. 279–293. doi: 10.1038/gene.2009.111.
Gasser, T; Finsterer, Josef; Baets, J; Van Broeckhoven, C; Di Donato, S & Fontaine, B [Show all 18 contributors for this article] (2010). EFNS guidelines on the molecular diagnosis of ataxias and spastic paraplegias. European Journal of Neurology. ISSN 1351-5101. 17(2), p. 179–188. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2009.02873.x.
Mero, Inger-Lise; Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord; SMESTAD, CATHRINE; Ban, Maria; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen & Aarseth, Jan [Show all 22 contributors for this article] (2010). A rare variant of the TYK2 gene is confirmed to be associated with multiple sclerosis. European Journal of Human Genetics. ISSN 1018-4813. 18(4), p. 502–504. doi: 10.1038/ejhg.2009.195.
Jakkula, Eveliina; Leppa, Virpi; Sulonen, Anna-Maija; Varilo, Teppo; Kallio, Suvi & Kemppinen, Anu [Show all 29 contributors for this article] (2010). Genome-wide Association Study in a High-Risk Isolate for Multiple Sclerosis Reveals Associated Variants in STAT3 Gene. American Journal of Human Genetics. ISSN 0002-9297. 86(2), p. 285–291. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2010.01.017.
Jagodic, Maja; Colacios, Celine; Nohra, Rita; Dejean, Anne S.; Beyeen, Amennai Daniel & Khademi, Mohsen [Show all 37 contributors for this article] (2009). A Role for VAV1 in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis and Multiple Sclerosis. Science Translational Medicine. ISSN 1946-6234. 1(10). doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3000278.
Ban, Maria; Booth, David R; Heard, Robert N; Stewart, Graeme J; Goris, An & Dobosi, Rita [Show all 33 contributors for this article] (2009). The expanding genetic overlap between multiple sclerosis and type I diabetes. Genes and Immunity. ISSN 1466-4879. 10(1), p. 11–14. doi: 10.1038/gene.2008.83. Show summary
Familial clustering of autoimmune disease is well recognized and raises the possibility that some susceptibility genes may predispose to autoimmunity in general. In light of this observation, it might be expected that some of the variants of established relevance in one autoimmune disease may also be relevant in other related conditions. On the basis of this hypothesis, we tested seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are known to be associated with type I diabetes in a large multiple sclerosis data set consisting of 2369 trio families, 5737 cases and 10,296 unrelated controls. Two of these seven SNPs showed evidence of association with multiple sclerosis; that is rs12708716 from the CLEC16A gene (P=1.6 x 10(-16)) and rs763361 from the CD226 gene (P=5.4 x 10(-8)). These findings thereby identify two additional multiple sclerosis susceptibility genes and lend support to the notion of autoimmune susceptibility genes.
Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Finsterer, J; Baets, J; Van Broeckhoven, C; Di Donato, S & Fontaine, B [Show all 18 contributors for this article] (2009). EFNS guidelines on the molecular diagnosis of neurogenetic disorders: general issues, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease and dystonias. European Journal of Neurology. ISSN 1351-5101. 16(7), p. 777–785. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2009.02646.x.
Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord; Karlsen, TH; Olsson, M; Smestad, C; Mero, IL & Woldseth, B [Show all 13 contributors for this article] (2009). Killer Immunoglobulin-like Receptor Ligand HLA-Bw4 Protects Against Multiple Sclerosis. Annals of Neurology. ISSN 0364-5134. 65(6), p. 658–666. doi: 10.1002/ana.21695.
Ban, M; Goris, A; Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord; Baker, A; Mihalova, T & Ingram, G [Show all 31 contributors for this article] (2009). Replication analysis identifies TYK2 as a multiple sclerosis susceptibility factor. European Journal of Human Genetics. ISSN 1018-4813. 17(10), p. 1309–1313. doi: 10.1038/ejhg.2009.41.
Mero, Inger Lise; Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord; Ban, Maria; SMESTAD, CATHRINE; Celius, Elisabeth G & Aarseth, Jan [Show all 21 contributors for this article] (2009). A rare variant of the TYK2 gene is confirmed to be associated with multiple sclerosis. European Journal of Human Genetics. ISSN 1018-4813. doi: 10.1038/ejhg.2009.195.
Kallio, SP; Jakkula, E; Purcell, S; Suvela, M; Koivisto, K & Tienari, PJ [Show all 22 contributors for this article] (2009). Use of a genetic isolate to identify rare disease variants: C7 on 5p associated with MS. Human Molecular Genetics. ISSN 0964-6906. 18(9), p. 1670–1683. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddp073.
Kemppinen, Anu; Suvela, M; Tienari, PJ; Elovaara, I; Koivisto, K & Pirttila, T [Show all 18 contributors for this article] (2009). MYO9B polymorphisms in multiple sclerosis. European Journal of Human Genetics. ISSN 1018-4813. 17(6), p. 840–843. doi: 10.1038/ejhg.2008.251.
Finsterer, Josef; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Baets, J; Van Broeckhoven, Cathrine; Di Donato, S & Fontaine, B [Show all 18 contributors for this article] (2009). EFNS guidelines on the molecular diagnosis of mitochondrial disorders. European Journal of Neurology. ISSN 1351-5101. 16(12), p. 1255–1264. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2009.02811.x.
Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Riccio, ME; Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord; Utsi, E; Myhr, Kjell Morten & Mellgren, Svein Ivar [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2009). Norwegian Sami differs significantly from other Norwegians according to their HLA profile. Tissue Antigens. ISSN 0001-2815. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2009.01425.x.
Ramagopalan, SV; Link, Jenny; Byrnes, JK; Dyment, DA; Giovannoni, G & Hintzen, RQ [Show all 17 contributors for this article] (2009). HLA-DRB1 and month of birth in multiple sclerosis. Neurology. ISSN 0028-3878. 73(24), p. 2107–2111. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181c679f3.
Pugliatti, M.; Harbo, HF; Harbo, H.F.; Holmøy, T.; Kampman, Margitta Theodora & Myhr, K.-M. [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2008). Environmental risk factors in multiple sclerosis. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. ISSN 0001-6314. 117, p. 34–40. Show summary
Objectives - Multiple sclerosis (MS)likely results form an interaction between genetic and exogenous factors. While genetics shapes the overall population MS susceptibility, observed epidemiological patterns strongly suggest a role for the environment in disease initiation and modulation. Results - Findings from studies on seasonality in MS patient`s birth, disease onset and exacerbations, as well as apparent temporal trends in incidence and gender ratio support an influential effect og viruses, metabolic and lifestyle factors on MS risk. Epstein-Barr virus, vitamin D status, and smoking are factors that may explain such epidemiological patterns. Conclusions - Further epidemiological investigations are encouraged and opportunities to use data from existing cohort studies as well as the design of new studies shold be pursued. In particular, the development of new large multicentre population-based case control studies which incorporate the study of the role of environment and genetics, including epigenetic mechanisms, in determining MS risk in proposed.
Lorentzen, Åslaug R; Smestad, Cathrine; Lie, Benedicte A; Lie, BA; Oturai, Annette & Oturai, AB [Show all 18 contributors for this article] (2008). The SH2D2A gene and susceptibility to multiple sclerosis. Journal of Neuroimmunology. ISSN 0165-5728. 197, p. 152–158. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2008.04.037.
Smestad, C; Sandvik, L; Holmøy, Trygve; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen (2008). Marked differences in prevalence of multiple sclerosis between ethnic groups in Oslo, Norway. Journal of Neurology. ISSN 0340-5354. 255. doi: 10.1007/s00415-007-0659-8.
Harbo, HF; Utsi, E; Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord; Lorentzen, AR; Kampman, Margitta Theodora & Celius, EG [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2007). Low frequency of the disease-associated DRB1*15-DQB1*06 haplotype may contribute to the low prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Sami. Tissue Antigens. ISSN 0001-2815. 69(4), p. 299–304. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2007.00803.x.
Hensiek, Anke E.; Seaman, Shaun Robert ; Barcellos, Lisa F.; Oturai, Annette; Eraksoi, M. & Cocco, Eleonora [Show all 27 contributors for this article] (2007). Familial effects on the clinical course of multiple sclerosis. Neurology. ISSN 0028-3878. 68(5), p. 376–383.
Datta, Pameli; Harbo, Hanne F; Ryder, Lars P.; Akesson, E; Åkesson, Elisabeth & Benedikz, John [Show all 17 contributors for this article] (2007). A follow-up study of Nordic multiple sclerosis candidate gene regions. Multiple Sclerosis. ISSN 1352-4585. 13(5), p. 584–589. doi: 10.1177/1352458506071790.
Smestad, C; Brynedal, B; Jonasdottir, G; Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord; Masterman, T & Akesson, E [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2007). The impact of HLA-A and-DRB1 on age at onset, disease course and severity in Scandinavian multiple sclerosis patients. European Journal of Neurology. ISSN 1351-5101. 14, p. 835–840. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2007.01825.x.
Lundmark, F; Duvefelt, K; Iacobaeus, E; Kockum, I; Wallstrom, E & Khademi, M [Show all 14 contributors for this article] (2007). Variation in interleukin 7 receptor a chain (IL7R) influences risk of multiple sclerosis. Nature Genetics. ISSN 1061-4036. 39, p. 1108–1113. doi: 10.1038/ng2106.
Knudsen, Gun Peggy Strømstad; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Smestad, C; Celius, EG; Akesson, E & Oturai, A [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2007). X chromosome inactivation in females with multiple sclerosis. European Journal of Neurology. ISSN 1351-5101. 14, p. 1392–1396. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2007.01987.x.

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Helseth, Eirik; Rootwelt, Terje & Harbo, Hanne Flinstad (2019). Nevrologi og nevrokirurgi. Fra barn til voksen, 7. utg. . Fagbokforlaget. ISBN 978-82-450-2473-9. 1000 p.
Helseth, Eirik; Rootwelt, Terje & Harbo, Hanne Flinstad (2019). Nevrologi og nevrokirurgi ; fra barn til voksen. Fagbokforlaget. ISBN 9788245024739. 582 p.

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Feiring, Eli; Løberg, Magnus; Bjaalie, Jan G.; Dyb, Grete Anita & Harbo, Hanne-Cathrin Flinstad (2023). Kjønn og helse, utdanning og forskning. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001. 143(11). doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.23.0408.
Rasmussen, Tilde; König, Marton; Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord; Schikora-Rustad, Stine; Berge, Tone & Holmøy, Trygve [Show all 17 contributors for this article] (2022). Safety of a third SARS CoV 2 mRNA vaccine dose in people with multiple sclerosis.
König, Marton; Wolf, Asia-Sophia Fumika Michaela; Ravussin, Anthony; Chopra, Adity; Tran, Trung & Torgauten, Hilde Marie [Show all 28 contributors for this article] (2022). Immunogenicity and efficacy of mRNA-COVID-19 vaccines in people with multiple sclerosis.
Nygaard, Gro Owren; Schikora-Rustad, Stine; Lie, Ingeborg Haugesag; Aase, Audun; Leiknes, Ingvild Jullum & König, Marton [Show all 15 contributors for this article] (2021). Humoral immune response to the influenza vaccine in multiple sclerosis patients treated with cladribine or rituximab.
König, Marton; Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord; Torgauten, Hilde Marie; Tran, The Trung; Schikora-Rustad, Stine & Vaage, Eline Benno [Show all 22 contributors for this article] (2021). Humoral Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination in People with Multiple Sclerosis using High-Efficacy Disease Modifying Therapies.
Kaufmann, Tobias; van der Meer, Dennis; Doan, Nhat Trung; Schwarz, Emanuel; Lund, Martina Jonette & Agartz, Ingrid [Show all 97 contributors for this article] (2020). Publisher Correction: Common brain disorders are associated with heritable patterns of apparent aging of the brain (Nature Neuroscience, (2019), 22, 10, (1617-1623), 10.1038/s41593-019-0471-7). Nature Neuroscience. ISSN 1097-6256. 23(2). doi: 10.1038/s41593-019-0553-6.
Madireddy, Lohith; Patsopoulos, Nikolaos A.; Cotsapas, Chris; Bos, Steffan Daniel; Beecham, Ashley H. & McCauley, Jacob [Show all 64 contributors for this article] (2019). Author Correction: A systems biology approach uncovers cell-specific gene regulatory effects of genetic associations in multiple sclerosis (Nature Communications, (2019), 10, 1, (2236), 10.1038/s41467-019-09773-y). Nature Communications. ISSN 2041-1723. 10(1). doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-10951-1.
Bos, Steffan Daniel; Brorson, Ina Skaara; Eriksson, Anna; Leikfoss, Ingvild Sørum; Vitelli, Valeria & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2019). Differential gene expression analysis of CD8+ T cells from multiple sclerosis patients and healthy controls .
Glover, Joel; Tysnes, Ole-Bjørn; Myhr, Kjell-Morten; Bråthen, Geir; Sandvig, Ioanna & Høyer, Helle [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2019). Hvor står ALS-forskningen i Norge? VG : Verdens gang. ISSN 0805-5203.
Bos, Steffan Daniel; Brorson, Ina Skaara; Høgestøl, Einar August; Berge, Tone; Saez-Rodriguez, Julio & Uccelli, Antonio [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2018). Multiple Sclerosis genetic burden score in a systems biology study of MS patients from four countries.
Berge, Tone; Eriksson, Anna; Brorson, Ina Skaara; Høgestøl, Einar August; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Bos, Steffan Daniel [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2018). Proteomic profiling of T cells from multiple sclerosis patients and healthy controls.
Cellerino, Maria; Pardini, Matteo; Ivaldi, Frederico; Vila, Gemma; Berge, Tone & Koduah, Priscilla [Show all 14 contributors for this article] (2018). Personalizing health care in Multiple Sclerosis using systems medicine tools: presentation of the cytomics data from the Sys4MS project.
Zubizarreta, Irati; de Rosbo, Nicole Kerlero; Rinas, Melanie; Høgestøl, Einar August; de Rodez Benavent, Sigrid Aune & Bos, Steffan Daniel [Show all 17 contributors for this article] (2018). The Sys4MS project: Personalizing health care in Multiple Sclerosis using systems medicine tools .
Brorson, Ina Skaara; Rhead, Brooke; Berge, Tone; Adams, Cameron; Quach, Hong & Sangurdekar, Dipen [Show all 18 contributors for this article] (2018). SLFN12 is differentially methylated in multiple sclerosis CD4+ and CD8+ T cells .
Cellerino, Maria; Pardini, Matteo; Campi, Cristina; Ivaldi, Frederico; Vila, Gemma & Berge, Tone [Show all 13 contributors for this article] (2018). Personalizing health care in Multiple Sclerosis using systems medicine tools: Presentation of the cytomics data .
Berge, Tone; Brorson, Ina Skaara; Høgestøl, Einar August; Bos, Steffan Daniel; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Berven, Frode (2018). Proteomic profiling of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from multiple sclerosis patients and healthy controls.
Eriksson, Anna; Brorson, Ina Skaara; Høgestøl, Einar August; Bos, Steffan Daniel; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Berven, Frode [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2018). Proteomic profiling of CD4+ T cells from MS patients show increased activity of T cell activation pathways (compared to healthy controls) .
Leikfoss, Ingvild Sørum; Bos, Steffan Daniel; Berg-Hansen, Pål; Berge, Tone; Beyer, Mona K. & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2018). The EU Horizon2020 Project MultipleMS: Improved Personalized Medicine for Multiple Sclerosis .
Berge, Tone; Eriksson, Anna; Brorson, Ina Skaara; Høgestøl, Einar August; Bos, Steffan Daniel & Harbo, Hanne Flinstad [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2018). Proteomic profiling of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from multiple sclerosis patients and healthy controls.
Brorson, Ina Skaara; Rhead, Brooke; Berge, Tone; Lea, Rodney A.; Burnard, Sean & Scott, Rodney J. [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2018). Differently methylated regions in multiple sclerosis CD4+ and CD8+ T cells .
Rhead, Brooke; Brorson, Ina Skaara; Berge, Tone; Adams, Cameron; Quach, Hong & Sangurdekar, Dipen [Show all 15 contributors for this article] (2018). Differential DNA methylation and expression of SLFN12 in multiple sclerosis patients’ CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
Bajwa, Simranjit Kaur; Nilsen, Kristian Bernhard; Erichsen, Erik Aksel Spendrup; Berg-Hansen, Pål & Harbo, Hanne Flinstad (2018). En mann i 50-årene med svimmelhet, dobbeltsyn og gangvansker. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001. 138(3). doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.16.1109.
Bos, Steffan Daniel; Brorson, Ina Skaara; Barcellos, Lisa F; Berge, Tone & Harbo, Hanne Flinstad (2017). Gene expression profiling of CD4+ T cells from multiple sclerosis patients and healthy controls.
Brorson, Ina Skaara; Rhead, Brooke; Quach, Hong; Berg-Hansen, Pål; Berge, Tone & Harbo, Hanne Flinstad [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2017). DNA methylation differences in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells of multiple sclerosis patients and healthy controls.
Mo, Ingrid; Eriksson, Anna; Brorson, Ina Skaara; Ledsaak, Marit; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Gabrielsen, Odd Stokke [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2017). Identifying protein interaction partners for DEXI - encoded by the dexamethasone-induced gene, DEXI .
Fernanda, Kropf Correia; Brorson, Ina Skaara; Eriksson, Anna; Bos, Steffan Daniel; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Berge, Tone (2017). Molecular characterization of TAGAP – a GTPase-activating protein encoded by a multiple sclerosis susceptibility gene.
Brorson, Ina Skaara; Eriksson, Anna; Baranzini, Sergio; Berge, Tone; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Bos, Steffan Daniel (2017). Gene expression in pathways enriched with MS associated risk loci.
Moen, Stine Marit; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Sowa, Piotr; Nygaard, Gro Owren & Beyer, Mona K. (2016). S.M. Moen og medarbeidere svarer. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001. 136(19), p. 1608–1608. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.16.0826.
Moen, Stine Marit; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Sowa, Piotr; Nygaard, Gro Owren & Beyer, Mona K. (2016). S.M. Moen og medarbeidere svarer. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001. 136(20), p. 1702–1702. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.16.0865.
Moen, Stine Marit; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Sowa, Piotr; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Nygaard, Gro Owren & Beyer, Mona K. (2016). MR-undersøkelser ved multippel sklerose. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001. 136(16), p. 1373–1376. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.15.1361.
Berg-Hansen, Pål; Moen, Stine Marit; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen (2015). Comments on the review article 'Time trends in the incidence and prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Norway during eight decades'. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. ISSN 0001-6314. 132(5), p. 364–367. doi: 10.1111/ane.12489.
Gustavsen, Marte Wendel; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; Moen, Stine Marit; Bjølgerud, Anja; Berg-Hansen, Pål & Nygaard, Gro Owren [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2015). No association between multiple sclerosis and periodontitis after adjusting for smoking habits. European Journal of Neurology. ISSN 1351-5101. 22(3), p. 588–590. doi: 10.1111/ene.12520.
Nygaard, Gro Owren; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen & Landro, N. I. (2013). Does the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for MS (BICAMS) catch the cognitive problems of a sample of well-educated recently diagnosed MS patients in Oslo? Multiple Sclerosis. ISSN 1352-4585. 19(7), p. 970–971.
Leikfoss, Ingvild S; Mero, Inger-Lise; Dahle, Maria Krudtaa; Lie, Benedicte Alexandra; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Spurkland, Anne [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2012). Multiple Sclerosis Associated Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in CLEC16A Correlate with Reduced SOCS1 and DEXI Expression in Thymic Samples. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0300-9475. 76(2), p. 196–196.
Leikfoss, Ingvild Sørum; Berge, Tone; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Spurkland, Anne (2012). Multiple sclerosis-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms in CLEC16A correlate with reduced SOCS1 and DEXI expression in thymic tissue.
Berge, Tone; Leikfoss, Ingvild Sørum; Spurkland, Anne; Lie, Benedicte Alexandra & Harbo, Hanne Flinstad (2012). Multiple sclerosis-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms in CLEC16A correlate with reduced SOCS1 and DEXI expression in thymic tissue.
Link, J.; Kockum, I.; Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord; Lie, Benedicte Alexandra; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen & Schaffer, M. [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2011). Investigation of HLA genes in multiple sclerosis in Scandinavia. Journal of Neurology. ISSN 0340-5354. 258, p. 196–196.
Maniaol, Angelina; Boldingh, Marion Ingeborg; Brunborg, Cathrine; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Tallaksen, Chantal (2011). A POPULATION-BASED DESCRIPTIVE EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDY OF MYASTHENIA GRAVIS IN NORWAY. European Journal of Neurology. ISSN 1351-5101. 18(S2), p. 276–276.
Sørum, Ingvild; Mero, Inger-Lise; Gustavsen, Marte Wendel; Muggerud, Aslaug; Sæther, Hanne Skarpodde & Lie, Benedicte Alexandra [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2011). Molecular Characterization of the Multiple Sclerosis Susceptibility Gene CLEC16A. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0300-9475. 73(4), p. 377–377.
Holmøy, Trygve; Harbo, Hanne Flinstad & Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen (2010). Behandling av multippel sklerose. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001. 130(9).
Booth, DR; Heard, RN; Stewart, GJ; Cox, M; Scott, RJ & Lechner-Scott, J [Show all 42 contributors for this article] (2010). Lack of support for association between the KIF1B rs10492972[C] variant and multiple sclerosis. Nature Genetics. ISSN 1061-4036. 42(6), p. 469–470.
Brorson, Ina Skaara; Rhead, Brooke; Berge, Tone; Adams, Cameron; Quach, Hong & Sangurdekar, Dipen [Show all 18 contributors for this article] (2010). SLFN12 is differentially methylated in multiple sclerosis CD4+ and CD8+ T cells .
Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord; Melum, Espen; Buchert, Eva; SMESTAD, CATHRINE; Mero, Inger-Lise & Aarseth, Jan Harald [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2010). Trend of association to the Glypican 5 gene region to multiple sclerosis. European Journal of Neurology. ISSN 1351-5101. 17, p. 221–221.
Lorentzen, AR; Karlsen, Tom Hemming; Olsson, M; SMESTAD, CATHRINE; Mero, Inger-Lise & Woldseth, B [Show all 13 contributors for this article] (2009). Killer immunoglobulin-like receptor ligand HLA-Bw4 protects against multiple sclerosis. European Journal of Neurology. ISSN 1351-5101. 16, p. 19–19.
Mero, Inger-Lise; Lorentzen, AR; Ban, Maria; SMESTAD, CATHRINE; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen & Aarseth, JH [Show all 20 contributors for this article] (2009). The TYK2 gene is associated with susceptibility to multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis. ISSN 1352-4585. 15(9), p. S186–S186.
Sawcer, Stephen; Booth, David; Heard, Robert; Stewart, Graeme; An, Goris & Dobosi, Rita [Show all 63 contributors for this article] (2008). Refining genetic associations in multiple sclerosis. Lancet Neurology. ISSN 1474-4422. 7(7), p. 567–569. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(08)70122-4.
Harbo, Hanne Flinstad (2008). A non-synonymous SNP based genome-wide association study in multiple sclerosis identifies the nonreceptor tyrosine-protein kinase gene (TYK2) on chromosome 19. European Journal of Neurology. ISSN 1351-5101. 15, p. 27–27.
Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord; Ban, Maria; Booth, David; Heard, Robert; Stewart, Graeme & Goris, An [Show all 33 contributors for this article] (2008). The expanding genetic overlap between multiple sclerosis and type 1 diabetes. Show summary
A familial clustering of autoimmune disease is well recognised and suggests that some susceptibility genes may predispose to autoimmunity in general whereas other genes lead to specific disease. On the basis of this hypothesis it may be expected that variants of established relevance in one autoimmune disease might also be relevant in other related conditions. To investigate this we tested seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are known to be associated with type I diabetes in a large multiple sclerosis dataset consisting of 2,369 trio families, 5,737 cases and 10,296 unrelated controls. Samples were recruited from across six countries: Australia, Belgium, Norway, Sweden, United Kingdom (UK) and the United States of America (USA) within the IMSGC. Two of these seven SNPs emerged as also being associated with multiple sclerosis; rs12708716 from the C-type lectin domain family 16, member A (CLEC16A) gene (p=1.6x10-15) and rs763361 from the CD226 gene (p=5.4x10-8). In each case the allele associated with increased risk for multiple sclerosis was identical to that showing evidence for association with T1D. These findings thereby confirm two additional multiple sclerosis susceptibility genes and lend support to the notion of commonality amongst autoimmune susceptibility genes.
Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord; Karlsen, Tom Hemming; Olsson, Marita; Smestad, Cathrine; Mero, Inger-Lise & Woldseth, Bente [Show all 13 contributors for this article] (2008). Protection against multiple sclerosis conferred by carriage of the inhibitory killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) ligand HLA-Bw4. Show summary
Background: Combinations of killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and HLA class I ligands that reduce natural killer (NK) cells inhibition may increase the risk of autoimmune diseases. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is affecting the central nervous system and is presumed to be an autoimmune disease. There are significant genetic associations to genes in the HLA class II region (DRB1*1501-haplotype),but associations to genes in the HLA class I region have also been reported (for instance A2, A3 and Cw*05). We investigated whether there might be associations to given KIRs and/or their HLA class I ligands . Materials and methods: 631 Norwegian MS patients and 555 Norwegian controls were typed for the presence or absence of genes encoding inhibiting KIRs (KIR2DL1, KIR2DL2, KIR2DL3, KIR2DL5, KIR3DL1, KIR3DL2 and KIR3DL3) and activating KIRs (KIR2DS1, KIR2DS2, KIR2DS3, KIR2DS4, KIR2DS5 and KIR2DL4) using sequence specific primers. HLA-A, -B, -C and –DRB1 typing was performed by direct sequencing or sequence specific primers. Results: We found no significant differences in gene carrier frequencies of inhibitory and activating KIRs in MS patients as compared to controls when p-values were adjusted for number of KIR genes investigated. However, the frequency of the HLA-Bw4 specificity was significantly reduced in MS patients as compared to controls (41.5% vs. 55.1%, p=4.9*10-6), even in individuals who did not carry any of the known HLA class II risk alleles (DRB1*1501,DRB1*03 and DRB1*01, p=0.002). No HLA class II independent associations were observed to genes at the HLA-C or HLA -A loci. Conclusion: The presence of the HLA-Bw4 specificity seems to protect against MS in an HLA class II independent manner. Ongoing analyses aim to characterize possible interaction effects between HLA-Bw4 and KIR3DL1 and KIR3DS1, as well as between HLA-C1 and C2 groups and their corresponding receptors.
SMESTAD, CATHRINE; Brynedal, B; Jonasdottir, G; Lorentzen, AR; Masterman, T. & Akesson, E [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2007). The impact of HLA-A and HLA-DRB1 alleles on age at onset, disease course and severity in Scandinavian multiple sclerosis patients. European Journal of Neurology. ISSN 1351-5101. 14, p. 22–22.
Harbo, Hanne F; Mørk, Sverre; Vedeler, Christian A. & Myhr, Kjell-Morten (2007). Biobank for multippel sklerose etablert. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001. 127(17).
Lorentzen, AR; SMESTAD, CATHRINE; Ekstrøm, Per Olaf; Oturai, Annette Bang; Åkesson, Eva & Saarela, Janna [Show all 13 contributors for this article] (2006). The role of SH2D2A gene polymorphisms in multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis. ISSN 1352-4585. 12(Suppl 1), p. S72–S72.
Harbo, Hanne Flinstad; Utsi, E; Lorentzen, Åslaug Rudjord; T Kampman, M; Celius, EG & Myhr, KM [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2006). Low prevalence of multiple sclerosis in a Sami population is related to low frequency of the disease-associated HLA DR15-DQ6 haplotype. Tissue Antigens. ISSN 0001-2815. 67, p. 523–523.
Harbo, HF; Utsi, Egil; Kampman, Margitta Theodora; Celius, EG; Myhr, KM & Lie, BA [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2006). Low prevalence of multiple sclerosis and the HLA CR15-DQ6 halotype in Sami. Multiple Sclerosis. ISSN 1352-4585. 12, p. 71–71.
Berge, Tone; Gustavsen, Marte Wendel & Harbo, Hanne Flinstad (2015). Genetic, clinical and environmental aspects of multiple sclerosis. 7Letras.

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Published Apr. 13, 2011 2:54 PM - Last modified Mar. 25, 2024 9:01 AM

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