Anustha Mainali

• Mainali, Anustha; Søegaard, Erik Ganesh Iyer; Hauff, Edvard & Thapa, Suraj Bahadur (2024). A comparative study of comorbidities, symptom profiles, and childhood trauma in PTSD and non-PTSD trauma patients at Oslo University Hospital. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. ISSN 0803-9488. s. 1–8. doi: 10.1080/08039488.2024.2415306. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Purpose To explore the differences in mental health symptom profiles, trauma profiles, childhood trauma and comorbidities in patients with PTSD and those without PTSD. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was carried out on 110 adult patients with trauma backgrounds attending a mental health outpatient clinic in Southern Oslo, Norway. In addition to self- report questionnaires, several standardized validated diagnostic tools were used to assess mental disorders. Multiple linear regression models were used to assess the association between trauma history, the mental health symptom profile of the patients, and PTSD diagnosis. Bivariate logistic regression was used to examine if childhood trauma/adversities were associated with PTSD. Results Patients diagnosed with PTSD had significantly higher rates of comorbid major depressive disorder, panic disorder, agoraphobia disorder, and social phobia compared to those without PTSD. We also found a positive association between PTSD diagnosis and all the different mental health symptoms domains of the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised instrument. When adjusted for age, gender, education, smoking habits, immigration, relationship, and employment status, these associations persisted with varying effects. We did not find any association between PTSD and childhood trauma/adversities, however, sexual abuse trended towards an association. Conclusion Adult trauma patients with PTSD may have more comorbid disorders and mental health symptoms. Childhood trauma may be less critical for the PTSD diagnosis in this group. In clinical practice, personalized treatment plans addressing both the symptom burden and its comorbidities may be beneficial.

• Mainali, Anustha; Infanti, Jennifer Jean; Thapa, Suraj Bahadur; Jacobsen, Geir Wenberg & Larose, Tricia Lynn Lois (2023). Anxiety and depression in pregnant women who have experienced a previous perinatal loss: a case‑cohort study from Scandinavia. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 23(1). doi: 10.1186/s12884-022-05318-2. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background: Perinatal loss can have long-lasting adverse effects on a woman’s psychosocial health, including during subsequent pregnancies. However, maternal mental health status after perinatal loss during subsequent pregnancy is understudied with very little data available for Scandinavian populations. Aims: The primary aim of the study was to explore the association between previous perinatal loss and anxiety/ depression symptoms of expectant mothers during the subsequent pregnancy. The secondary aim of this study was to explore possible determinants of maternal mental health during the subsequent pregnancy, independent of previous perinatal loss. Method: This case-cohort study is based on primary data from Scandinavian Successive Small-for-Gestational Age Births Study (SGA Study) in Norway and Sweden. The total case-cohort sample in the current study includes 1458 women. Cases include 401 women who had reported a previous perinatal loss (spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, or neonatal death) and who responded to two mental health assessment instruments, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. Multiple linear regression models were used to assess the association between previous perinatal loss and maternal mental health in subsequent pregnancy. Results: Scandinavian pregnant women with previous perinatal loss reported higher symptoms for both anxiety and depression during their subsequent pregnancy compared to mothers in the same cohort reported no previous perinatal loss. Multiple linear regression analyses showed a positive association between previous perinatal loss and per unit increase in both total anxiety score (β: 1.22, 95% CI: 0.49–1.95) and total depression score (β: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.06–1.74). We identified several factors associated with maternal mental health during pregnancy independent of perinatal loss, including unintended pregnancy despite 97% of our population being married/cohabitating. Conclusion: Women who have experienced previous perinatal loss face a significantly higher risk of anxiety and depression symptoms in their subsequent pregnancy.

• Mainali, Anustha (2016). Experience of intimate partner violence among young pregnant women in urban slums of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal: a qualitative study. BMC Women's Health. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv

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• Thapa, Suraj; Mainali, Anustha; Schwank, Simone E. & Acharya, Ganesh (2020). Maternal mental health in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. ISSN 0001-6349. 99(7), s. 817–818. doi: 10.1111/aogs.13894. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv

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