Torsten Eken

• Zhang, Chi; Eken, Torsten; Jørgensen, Silje Bakken; Thoresen, Magne & Søvik, Signe (2022). Effects of patient-level risk factors, departmental allocation and seasonality on intrahospital patient transfer patterns: network analysis applied on a Norwegian single-centre data set. BMJ Open. ISSN 2044-6055. 12(3). doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054545.
• Stenehjem, Jo Steinson; Røise, Olav; Nordseth, Trond; Clausen, Thomas; Natvig, Bård & Skurtveit, Svetlana Ondrasova [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Injury Prevention and long-term Outcomes following Trauma - The IPOT project: a protocol for prospective nationwide registry-based studies in Norway. BMJ Open. ISSN 2044-6055. 11(5). doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046954. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Rognes, Ingrid Nygren; Hellum, Marit; Ottestad, William; Bache, Kristi Grønvold; Eken, Torsten & Henriksson, Carola Elisabeth (2021). Extracellular vesicle-associated procoagulant activity is highest the first 3 hours after trauma and thereafter declines substantially: A prospective observational pilot study. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. ISSN 2163-0755. 91(4), s. 681–691. doi: 10.1097/TA.0000000000003333. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background: Trauma patients have high concentrations of circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) following injury, but the functional role of EVs in this setting is only partly deciphered. We aimed to describe in detail EV-associated procoagulant activity in individual trauma patients during the first 12 hours after injury to explore their putative function and relate findings to relevant trauma characteristics and outcome. Methods: In a prospective observational study of 33 convenience recruited trauma patients, citrated plasma samples were obtained at trauma center admission and 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours thereafter. We measured thrombin generation from isolated EVs and the procoagulant activity of phosphatidylserine (PS)-exposing EVs. Correlation and multivariable linear regression analyses were used to explore associations between EV-associated procoagulant activity and trauma characteristics as well as outcome measures. Results: EV-associated procoagulant activity was highest in the first 3 hours after injury. EV-associated thrombin generation normalized within 7 to 12 hours of injury, whereas the procoagulant activity of PS-exposing EVs declined to a level right above that of healthy volunteers. Increased EV-associated procoagulant activity at admission was associated with higher New Injury Severity Score, lower admission base excess, higher admission international normalized ratio, prolonged admission activated partial thromboplastin time, higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score at day 0, and fewer ventilator-free days. Conclusion: Our data suggest that EVs have a transient hypercoagulable function and may play a role in the early phase of hemostasis after injury. The role of EVs in trauma-induced coagulopathy and posttraumatic thrombosis should be studied bearing in mind this novel temporal pattern. Level of evidence: Prognostic/epidemiologic, level V.

• Rognes, Ingrid Nygren; Pischke, Søren Erik; Ottestad, William; Røislien, Jo; Berg, Jens Petter & Johnson, Christina [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Increased complement activation 3 to 6 h after trauma is a predictor of prolonged mechanical ventilation and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome: a prospective observational study. Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass. Print). ISSN 1076-1551. 27, s. 1–13. doi: 10.1186/s10020-021-00286-3. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Sundnes, Olav; Ottestad, William Arne; Schjalm, Camilla; Lundbäck, Peter; La Cour Poulsen, Lars & Mollnes, Tom Eirik [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Rapid systemic surge of IL-33 after severe human trauma: a prospective observational study. Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass. Print). ISSN 1076-1551. 27:29, s. 1–10. doi: 10.1186/s10020-021-00288-1. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Døving, Mats; Galteland, Pål; Eken, Torsten; Sehic, Amer; Utheim, Tor Paaske & Skaga, Nils Oddvar [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Dentoalveolar injuries, bicycling accidents and helmet use in patients referred to a Norwegian Trauma Centre: A 12‐year prospective study. Dental Traumatology. ISSN 1600-4469. s. 1–7. doi: 10.1111/edt.12627. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Næss, Ingar; Galteland, Pål; Skaga, Nils Oddvar; Eken, Torsten; Helseth, Eirik & Ramm-Pettersen, Jon-Terje (2020). The number of patients hospitalized with bicycle injuries is increasing - A cry for better road safety. Accident Analysis and Prevention. ISSN 0001-4575. 148:105836, s. 1–7. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2020.105836. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Godt, Johannes Jakob C; Eken, Torsten; Schulz, Anselm; Øye, Kjetil; Hagen, Thijs & Dormagen, Johann Baptist (2020). Do we really need the arterial phase on CT in pelvic trauma patients? Emergency Radiology. ISSN 1070-3004. 28, s. 37–46. doi: 10.1007/s10140-020-01820-2. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Ottestad, William Arne; Rognes, Ingrid Nygren; Skaga, Erlend; Frisvoll, Cassandra; Haraldsen, Guttorm & Eken, Torsten [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). HMGB1 concentration measurements in trauma patients: assessment of pre-analytical conditions and sample material. Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass. Print). ISSN 1076-1551. 26:5(1), s. 1–8. doi: 10.1186/s10020-019-0131-0. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Lothe, Lise Raven; Raven, Timothy John Lothe; Sandbæk, Gunnar & Eken, Torsten (2019). Single-motor-unit discharge characteristics in lumbar multifidus muscle of acute low back pain patients. Journal of Neurophysiology. ISSN 0022-3077. 122(4), s. 1373–1385. doi: 10.1152/jn.00004.2019. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Lømo, Terje; Eken, Torsten; Rein, Erling Bekkestad & Njå, Arild (2019). Body temperature control in rats by muscle tone during rest or sleep. Acta Physiologica. ISSN 1748-1708. s. 1–26. doi: 10.1111/apha.13348. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Ottestad, William Arne; Rognes, Ingrid Nygren; Pischke, Søren; Mollnes, Tom Eirik; Andersson, Ulf & Eken, Torsten (2019). Biphasic release of the alarmin high mobility group box 1 protein early after trauma predicts poor clinical outcome. Critical Care Medicine. ISSN 0090-3493. 47(8), s. e614–e622. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000003800. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Ghorbani, Poya; Troëng, Thomas; Brattstrom, Olof R.; Ringdal, Kjetil G.; Eken, Torsten & Ekbom, Anders [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Validation of the Norwegian survival prediction model in trauma (NORMIT) in Swedish trauma populations. British Journal of Surgery. ISSN 0007-1323. s. 1–10. doi: 10.1002/bjs.11306. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Trauma survival prediction models can be used for quality assessment in trauma populations. The Norwegian survival prediction model in trauma (NORMIT) has been updated recently and validated internally (NORMIT 2). The aim of this observational study was to compare the accuracy of NORMIT 1 and 2 in two Swedish trauma populations. Adult patients registered in the national trauma registry during 2014-2016 were eligible for inclusion. The study populations comprised the total national trauma (NT) population, and a subpopulation of patients admitted to a single level I trauma centre (TC). The primary outcome was 30-day mortality. Model validation included receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and GiViTI calibration belts. The calibration was also assessed in subgroups of severely injured patients (New Injury Severity Score (NISS) over 15). A total of 26 504 patients were included. Some 18·7 per cent of patients in the NT population and 2·6 per cent in the TC subpopulation were excluded owing to missing data, leaving 21 554 and 3972 respectively for analysis. NORMIT 1 and 2 showed excellent ability to distinguish between survivors and non-survivors in both populations, but poor agreement between predicted and observed outcome in the NT population with overestimation of survival, including in the subgroup with NISS over 15. In the TC subpopulation, NORMIT 1 underestimated survival irrespective of injury severity, but NORMIT 2 showed good calibration both in the total subpopulation and the subgroup with NISS over 15. NORMIT 2 is well suited to predict survival in a Swedish trauma centre population, irrespective of injury severity. Both NORMIT 1 and 2 performed poorly in a more heterogeneous national population of injured patients.

• Søvik, Signe; Isachsen, Marie Susanna; Nordhuus, Kine Marie Byman; Tveiten, Christine Kooy; Eken, Torsten & Sunde, Kjetil [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Acute kidney injury in trauma patients admitted to the ICU: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Intensive Care Medicine. ISSN 0342-4642. 45(4), s. 407–419. doi: 10.1007/s00134-019-05535-y. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Gaski, Iver Anders; Skattum, Jorunn Pettersen; Brooks, Adam; Koyama, Tomohide; Eken, Torsten & Næss, Pål Aksel [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2018). Decreased mortality, laparotomy, and embolization rates for liver injuries during a 13-year period in a majosr Scandinavian trauma center. Trauma Surgery and Acute Care Open (TSACO). ISSN 2397-5776. 3. doi: 10.1136/tsaco-2018-000205.
• Raven, Timothy John Lothe; Lothe, Lise Raven; Sandbæk, Gunnar & Eken, Torsten (2018). Precision implantation with positional confirmation of fine-wire EMG electrodes in the deep posterior neck muscles. Journal of Electromyography & Kinesiology. ISSN 1050-6411. 43, s. 162–167. doi: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2018.10.001.
• Godt, Johannes Jakob C; Eken, Torsten; Schulz, Anselm; Johansen, Cathrine Kiperberg; Aarsnes, Anette & Dormagen, Johann Baptist (2018). Triple-split-bolus versus single-bolus CT in abdominal trauma patients: a comparative study. Acta Radiologica. ISSN 0284-1851. 59(9), s. 1038–1044. doi: 10.1177/0284185117752522.
• Røislien, Jo; Søvik, Signe & Eken, Torsten (2018). Seasonality in trauma admissions - Are daylight and weather variables better predictors than general cyclic effects? PLOS ONE. ISSN 1932-6203. 13(2). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192568. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skaga, Nils Oddvar; Eken, Torsten & Søvik, Signe (2018). Validating performance of TRISS, TARN and NORMIT survival prediction models in a Norwegian trauma population. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. ISSN 0001-5172. 62(2), s. 253–266. doi: 10.1111/aas.13029. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Koyama, Tomohide; Skattum, Jorunn Pettersen; Engelsen, Peder Christian Grendstad; Eken, Torsten; Gaarder, Christine & Næss, Pål Aksel (2016). Surgical intervention for paediatric liver injuries is almost history - a 12-year cohort from a major Scandinavian trauma centre. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine. ISSN 1757-7241. 24:139, s. 1–5. doi: 10.1186/s13049-016-0329-x.
• Ghorbani, Poya; Ringdal, Kjetil G.; Hestnes, Morten; Skaga, Nils Oddvar; Eken, Torsten & Ekbom, Anders [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2016). Comparison of risk-adjusted survival in two Scandinavian Level-I trauma centres. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine. ISSN 1757-7241. 24(66). doi: 10.1186/s13049-016-0257-9.
• Lothe, Lise Raven; Raven, Timothy John Lothe & Eken, Torsten (2015). Single-motor-unit discharge characteristics in human lumbar multifidus muscle. Journal of Neurophysiology. ISSN 0022-3077. 114(2), s. 1286–1297. doi: 10.1152/jn.00010.2014. Vis sammendrag

  Single-motor-unit discharge characteristics in human lumbar multifidus muscle. J Neurophysiol 114: 1286–1297, 2015. First published June 18, 2015; doi:10.1152/jn.00010.2014.—The underlying neurophysiology of postural control of the lower back in humans is poorly understood. We have characterized motor unit (MU) discharge activity in the deep lumbar multifidus (LM) muscle in nine healthy subjects (20–40 yr, 3 females). Bilateral fine wire electrodes were implanted at L4 spinal level using ultrasound guidance. EMG was recorded during sponta- neous sitting and standing and during voluntary force production. Individual MUs were analyzed with regard to instantaneous discharge rate, interspike interval variability, alternation of activity between MUs, and cross correlation between concurrently active MUs quan- tified by the common drive coefficient (CDC). Significant effects of sitting vs. standing were seen on median discharge rate and interspike interval variability. Median discharge rate in 71 units was 5.4 and 6.9 pulses/s during spontaneous sitting and standing and 7.4 pulses/s during voluntary force production. Several MUs fired doublets. CDC analysis of 87 MU pairs showed a significantly higher common drive in spontaneous than in voluntary activity and significant differences between unilateral and bilateral pairs, although not when spontane- ously active in standing. In spite of common drive, MUs were re- cruited from inactivity to tonic discharge lasting for several minutes without changes in discharge rate in already active MUs, and several instances were documented where activity was rotated between MUs. We argue that this behavior is indicative of self-sustained discharge in LM motoneurons, establishing intrinsic motoneuron properties as a central mechanism for postural control of deep back muscles.

• Beitland, Sigrid; Sandven, Irene; Kjærvik, Lill-Kristin Krohn; Sandset, Per Morten; Sunde, Kjetil & Eken, Torsten (2015). Thromboprophylaxis with low molecular weight heparin versus unfractionated heparin in intensive care patients: a systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. Intensive Care Medicine. ISSN 0342-4642. 41(7), s. 1209–1219. doi: 10.1007/s00134-015-3840-z.
• Staff, Trine; Eken, Torsten; Wik, Lars; Røislien, Jo & Søvik, Signe (2014). Physiologic, demographic and mechanistic factors predicting New Injury Severity Score (NISS) in motor vehicle accident victims. Injury. ISSN 0020-1383. 45(1), s. 9–15. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2012.11.010.
• Søvik, Signe; Skaga, Nils Oddvar; Hanoa, Rolf Otto Høe & Eken, Torsten (2014). Sudden survival improvement in critical neurotrauma: An exploratory analysis using a stratified statistical process control technique. Injury. ISSN 0020-1383. 45(11), s. 1722–1730. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2014.05.038. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Groven, Sigrid; Gaarder, Christine; Eken, Torsten; Skaga, Nils Oddvar & Næss, Pål Aksel (2014). Abdominal injuries in a major Scandinavian trauma center - performance assessment over an 8 year period. Journal of Trauma Management & Outcomes. ISSN 1752-2897. 8(1). doi: 10.1186/1752-2897-8-9.
• Hagemo, Jostein Skjalg; Stanworth, Simon; Juffermans, Nicole P.; Brohi, Karim; Cohen, Mitchell Jay & Johansson, Pär I. [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2014). Prevalence, predictors and outcome of hypofibrinogenaemia in trauma: A multicentre observational study. Critical Care. ISSN 1364-8535. 18(2). doi: 10.1186/cc13798.
• Jones, J. Mary; Skaga, Nils Oddvar; Søvik, Signe; Lossius, Hans Morten & Eken, Torsten (2014). Norwegian survival prediction model in trauma: Modelling effects of anatomic injury, acute physiology, age, and co-morbidity. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. ISSN 0001-5172. 58(3), s. 303–315. doi: 10.1111/aas.12256.
• Skattum, Jorunn Pettersen; Næss, Pål Aksel; Eken, Torsten & Gaarder, Christine (2013). Refining the role of splenic angiographic embolization in high-grade splenic injuries. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. ISSN 2163-0755. 74(1), s. 100–103. doi: 10.1097/TA.0b013e31827890b2.
• Rehn, Marius; Lossius, Hans Morten; Tjosevik, Kjell E; Vetrhus, Morten; Østebø, Olav & Eken, Torsten (2012). Efficacy of a two-tiered trauma team activation protocol in a Norwegian trauma centre. British Journal of Surgery. ISSN 0007-1323. 99(2), s. 199–208. doi: 10.1002/bjs.7794.
• Staff, Trine; Eken, Torsten; Hansen, Trond Boye; Steen, Petter Andreas & Søvik, Signe (2012). A field evaluation of real-life motor vehicle accidents: Presence of unrestrained objects and their association with distribution and severity of patient injuries. Accident Analysis and Prevention. ISSN 0001-4575. 45, s. 529–538. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2011.09.007.
• Groven, Sigrid; Eken, Torsten; Skaga, Nils Oddvar; Røise, Olav; Næss, Pål Aksel & Gaarder, Christine (2011). Long-Lasting Performance Improvement After Formalization of a Dedicated Trauma Service. Journal of Trauma. ISSN 0022-5282. 70(3), s. 569–574. doi: 10.1097/TA.0b013e31820d1a9b.
• Etholm, Lars; Linden, Henrik; Eken, Torsten & Heggelund, Paul (2011). Electroencephalographic characterization of seizure activity in the synapsin I/II double knockout mouse. Brain Research. ISSN 0006-8993. 1383, s. 270–288. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2011.01.070.
• Rehn, Marius; Eken, Torsten; Krüger, Andreas J.; Steen, Petter Andreas; Skaga, Nils Oddvar & Lossius, Hans Morten (2009). Precision of field triage in patients brought to a trauma centre after introducing trauma team activation guidelines. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine. ISSN 1757-7241. 17. doi: 10.1186/1757-7241-17-1.
• Skaga, Nils Oddvar; Eken, Torsten; Jones, Mary & Steen, Petter Andreas (2008). Different definitions of patient outcome: Consequences for performance analysis in trauma. Injury. ISSN 0020-1383. 39, s. 612–622.
• Eken, Torsten; Elder, GCB & Lømo, Terje (2008). Development of tonic firing behavior in rat soleus muscle. Journal of Neurophysiology. ISSN 0022-3077. 99. doi: 10.1152/jn.00834.2007.
• Skaga, Nils Oddvar; Eken, Torsten; Hestnes, M; Jones, JM & Steen, Petter Andreas (2007). Scoring of anatomic injury after trauma: AIS 98 versus AIS 90 - do the changes affect overall severity assessment? Injury. ISSN 0020-1383. 38(1), s. 84–90. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2006.04.123.
• Skaga, Nils Oddvar; Eken, Torsten; Søvik, Signe; Jones, Mary & Steen, Petter Andreas (2007). Pre-injury ASA physical status classification is an independent predictor of mortality after trauma. Journal of Trauma. ISSN 0022-5282. 63, s. 972–978.
• Skaga, Nils Oddvar; Eken, Torsten & Steen, Petter Andreas (2006). Assessing quality of care in a trauma referral center: benchmarking performance by TRISS-based statistics or by analysis of stratified ISS data. Journal of Trauma. ISSN 0022-5282. 60, s. 538–547.
• Gaarder, C.; Skaga, Nils Oddvar; Eken, Torsten; Pillgram, Johan Larsen; Buanes, Trond & Næss, Pål Aksel (2005). The impact of patient volume on surgical trauma training in a Scandinavian trauma centre. Injury. ISSN 0020-1383. 36(11), s. 1288–1292.

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• Uleberg, Oddvar; Stenehjem, Jo S.; Nordseth, Trond; Clausen, Thomas; Natvig, Bård & Skurtveit, Svetlana Ondrasova [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). The injury prevention and outcomes following trauma (IPOT) project: is a nationwide registry-based study in Norway feasible?
• Stenehjem, Jo S.; Røise, Olav; Nordseth, Trond; Clausen, Thomas; Natvig, Bård & Skurtveit, Svetlana Ondrasova [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Injury Prevention and long-term Outcomes following Trauma - the IPOT project: a protocol for prospective nationwide registry-based studies in Norway.
• Rosseland, Leiv Arne; Stenehjem, Jo S.; Nordseth, Trond; Clausen, Thomas; Natvig, Bård & Skurtveit, Svetlana Ondrasova [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). The Injury Prevention and Outcomes following Trauma project: a prospective nationwide registry-based study in Norway.
• Søvik, Signe; Isachsen, Marie Susanna; Nordhuus, Kine Marie Byman; Tveiten, Christine Kooy; Eken, Torsten & Sunde, Kjetil [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2018). Acute kidney injury in trauma patients admitted to the intensive care unit: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Intensive Care Medicine Experimental. ISSN 2197-425X. 6, s. 474–474. doi: 10.1186/s40635-018-0201-6.
• Rehn, Marius; Eken, Torsten; Kruger, Andreas; Steen, Petter Andreas & Lossius, Hans Morten (2009). Re: Field triage in trauma - do the data justify the conclusions? Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine. ISSN 1757-7241. 17.
• Etholm, Lars; Eken, Torsten & Heggelund, Paul (2007). Synapsin I/II double knock-out mice: An interesting experimental model for myoclonic epilepsies? Acta Physiologica Scandinavica Supplementum. ISSN 0302-2994. 190.
• Gaarder, C.; Skaga, Nils Oddvar; Eken, Torsten; Buanes, Trond & Næss, Pål Aksel (2005). Betydningen av pasientvolum for kirurgisk erfaring med skadebehandling.

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