Torbjørn Moum

• Bache-Mathiesen, Lena Kristin; Moum, Torbjørn; Tyssen, Reidar & Breivik, Jarle (2026). Medical students admitted solely by grade point average show a narrow but highly prosocial personality profile. BMC Medical Education. 26. doi: 10.1186/s12909-026-09929-7. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background The distribution of students’ personality traits may indicate whether an admission system selects candidates suited to medical practice. While many countries use multi-step selection procedures, Norwegian medical schools admit students based solely on upper-secondary school grade point averages (GPA). We primarily aimed to characterise the personality profiles of medical students at the University of Oslo, and then compare them with previous studies of the Norwegian general population and medical students from systems in countries using alternative admission models. Methods We conducted an observational study of newly admitted medical students, 2022–2026 (mean age = 22.1 years, SD = 4.2; 68% female). Personality was assessed using the Big Five Inventory (BFI; five cohorts, n = 535, response rate (RR) = 89%) and the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI; six cohorts, n = 632, RR = 95%). BFI scores were compared with available historical data: general Norwegian workers, German final-year, and French first‑ and third‑year medical students using one‑sample t‑tests. MBTI types were compared with previous studies on U.S. and South Korean medical students and the Norwegian general population using chi-squared tests. Results Norwegian medical students scored significantly higher than Norwegian workers on all BFI dimensions (p < 0.001). They also scored higher in Agreeableness than German final-year and French first- and third-year students (4.33 vs 4.17, 3.80 and 3.60, respectively) and lower in Neuroticism (2.50 vs. 2.85, 3.00 and 3.00; all p < 0.001). Norwegian students’ MBTI personality-type distribution differed significantly from the Norwegian general population and U.S. and South Korean medical students (p < 0.001). Most students were Judging (78%) and Extraverted (70%), with ENFJ the most frequent personality type among women (29%) and ENTJ among men (25%). Conclusions Medical students admitted through the Norwegian GPA-only admission system at UiO demonstrated high Agreeableness and Conscientiousness, with a marked overrepresentation of ENFJ women and ENTJ men. These findings indicate a consistently prosocial and structured, but relatively narrow, personality profile. While this profile includes interpersonal and organisational characteristics that may be relevant to clinical practice, the observed distribution also raises questions about limited diversity in personality type distribution and gender-related patterns in recruitment to medical education.

• Borge, Christine Råheim; Larsen, Marie Hamilton; Osborne, Richard H.; Aas, Eline; Kolle, Ingrid Tryland & Reinertsen, Rikke [Vis alle 15 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Impacts of a health literacy-informed intervention in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on hospitalization, health literacy, self-management, quality of life, and health costs – A randomized controlled trial. Patient Education and Counseling. ISSN 0738-3991. 123. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2024.108220. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Objective: To compare the effect of motivational interviewing (MI) and tailored health literacy (HL) follow-up with usual care on hospitalization, costs, HL, self-management, Quality of life (QOL), and psychological stress in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: A RCT was undertaken in Norway between March 2018-December 2020 (n = 127). The control group (CG, n = 63) received usual care. The intervention group (IG, n = 64) received tailored HL follow-up from MI-trained COPD nurses with home visits for eight weeks and phone calls for four months after hospitalization. Primary outcomes were hospitalization at eight weeks, six months, and one year from baseline. The trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03216603) and analysed per protocol. Results: Compared with the IG, the CG had 2.8 higher odds (95% CI [1.3 to 5.8]) of hospitalization and higher hospital health costs (MD=€ −6230, 95% CI [−6510 to −5951]) and lower QALYs (MD=0.1, 95% CI [0.10 to 0.11]) that gives an ICER = − 62,300. The IG reported higher QOL, self-management, and HL (p = 0.02- to <0.01). Conclusion: MI-trained COPD nurses using tailored HL follow-up is cost-effective, reduces hospitalization, and increases QOL, HL, and self-care in COPD. Practice implication: Tailored HL follow-up is beneficial for individuals with COPD and the healthcare system.

• Dalum, Helene Seljenes; Tyssen, Reidar; Moum, Torbjørn; Thoresen, Magne & Hem, Erlend (2024). Euthanasia of animals – association with veterinarians’ suicidal thoughts and attitudes towards assisted dying in humans: a nationwide cross-sectional survey (the NORVET study). BMC Psychiatry. 24(2). doi: 10.1186/s12888-023-05402-7. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background Veterinarians are an occupational group with an increased suicide risk. Euthanasing animals may influence both veterinarians’ views on assisted dying in humans and their suicide risk. We investigated (I) attitudes towards assisted dying, (II) whether the field of work and the frequency of euthanasing animals were associated with positive attitudes towards human euthanasia, and (III) whether frequently euthanasing animals was associated with serious suicidal thoughts. Methods We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional study among veterinarians in Norway (response rate: 75%). Logistic regression models were used to calculate the odds ratios for both positive attitudes towards human euthanasia and serious suicidal thoughts. The analyses were adjusted for socio-demographic and work-related factors. Results Fifty-five percent of the veterinarians agreed that euthanasia should be permitted for humans with a fatal disease and short life expectancy. Working with companion animals was independently associated with positive attitudes towards human euthanasia (OR = 1.66 (95% CI: 1.23–2.23)), while veterinarians’ frequency of euthanasing animals was not. Frequency of euthanasing animals was independently associated with serious suicidal thoughts, OR = 2.56 (95% CI: 1.35–4.87). Conclusions Veterinarians’ attitudes towards assisted dying in humans did not differ from those of the general population. Veterinarians’ frequency of euthanasing animals was not associated with positive attitudes towards euthanasia in humans. However, veterinarians working in companion animal practices were more likely to have positive attitudes towards euthanasia in humans. Moreover, euthanising animals five times or more a week was associated with serious suicidal thoughts. We need more research to infer about causality in these findings.

• Dammen, Toril; Munkhaugen, John; Sverre, Elise Christine Bjørkholen; Moum, Torbjørn & Papageorgiou, Constantinos (2023). Psychiatric disorders, rumination, and metacognitions in patients with type D personality and coronary heart disease. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. ISSN 0803-9488. 77(6), s. 540–546. doi: 10.1080/08039488.2023.2182358. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background: Little is known regarding the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients with both coronary heart disease (CHD) and type D personality, and whether these patients may benefit from psychotherapy that modifies metacognitive beliefs implicated in disorder maintenance. This study explored prevalence rates among these patients and associations between type D characteristics, rumination and metacognitions. Methods: Forty-seven consecutive patients with CHD who scored positive for type D personality were included in this pre-planned study. Participants underwent structured clinical interviews for mental and personality disorders and completed questionnaires assessing rumination and metacognitions. Results: Mean age was 53.8 (SD 8.1) years and 21.3% were female. At least one mood disorder or anxiety disorder was found in 70.2% and 61.7% of the patients. The most common disorders were major depressive disorder (59.6%), social phobia (40.4%), and generalized anxiety disorder (29.8%). At least one personality disorder was detected in 42.6%. Only 21% reported ongoing treatment with psychotropic medication whereas none had psychotherapy. Metacognitions and rumination were significantly associated with negative affectivity but not social inhibition. Conclusion: Mood and anxiety disorders were highly prevalent and relatively untreated among these patients. Future studies should test the metacognitive model for type D personality.

• Aastebøl, Lars Frøjd; Munkhaugen, John; Papageorgiou, Constantinos; Sverre, Elise Christine Bjørkholen; Moum, Torbjørn & Dammen, Toril (2023). Predictors of health-related quality of life in outpatients with coronary heart disease. Frontiers in Psychology. 14. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1119093. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is an important treatment target in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and is associated with poor outcomes. Therefore, it is of clinical importance to identify the key determinants of HRQoL among these patients. There is, however, limited knowledge of how a comprehensive set of psychosocial factors influence HRQoL. We aimed to determine the relative associations of clinical and psychosocial factors with mental and physical components of HRQoL in a sample of CHD outpatients. This cross-sectional study included 1042 patients 2-36 (mean 16) months after a CHD event recruited from two general Norwegian hospitals with a combined catchment area making up 7% of the Norwegian population, representative with regards to demographic and clinical factors. We collected data on HRQoL, demographics, comorbidities, coronary risk factors, and psychosocial factors. HRQoL was assessed using the Short Form 12 (SF12), which comprises a Mental Component Scale (MCS) and the Physical Component Scale (PCS). Crude and multi-adjusted linear regression analyses were used to investigate the association between covariates and MCS and PCS. Mean age was 61 (standard deviation [SD] 10) years, 20 % were females, 18% had type D personality, 20% significant depression symptoms, 14% significant symptoms of anxiety whereas 45% reported insomnia. The presence of type D personality (β:-.19), significant symptoms of depression (β:-.15), and the presence of insomnia (β:-.13) were negatively associated with MCS, but not PCS in multi-adjusted analyses. The presence of chronic kidney disease (β:-.11) was associated with reduced MCS, whereas the presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (β:-.08) and low physical activity (β:-.14) were negatively associated with PCS. Younger age was associated with lower MCS, whereas older age was associated with lower PCS. We conclude that Type D personality, depressive symptoms, insomnia, and chronic kidney disease were the strongest determinants of the mental component of HRQoL. Assessing and managing these psychological factors among CHD outpatients may improve their mental HRQoL

• Frøjd, Lars Aastebøl; Munkhaugen, John; Papageorgiou, Constantinos; Sverre, Elise Christine Bjørkholen; Moum, Torbjørn & Dammen, Toril (2023). Health-related quality of life in outpatients with coronary heart disease: impact of type D personality, depression, anxiety and insomnia. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology (EJPC). ISSN 2047-4873. 30. doi: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwad125.285. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Sagen, Ulrike; Finset, Arnstein; Moum, Torbjørn Åge; Vik, Tom Gunnar & Dammen, Toril (2022). The longitudinal course of anxiety, depression and apathy through two years after stroke. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. ISSN 0022-3999. 162. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2022.111016. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Objective: Estimate the prevalence of anxiety disorders, depressive disorders and apathy two years after stroke, examine their longitudinal course, describe the course of psychological distress through two years after stroke, and evaluate Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale HADS-A and HADS-D cut-off scores of ≥4 and ≥ 8 for detection of anxiety and depressive disorders two years after stroke. Methods: In a longitudinal cohort study of 150 consecutive stroke patients in a stroke unit, 103 were assessed four months and 75 two years after stroke. Anxiety and depression disorders and symptoms were assessed by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV and HADS, apathy by the Apathy Evaluation Scale. Results: Prevalence of at least one anxiety disorder or one depressive disorder decreased from four months to two years (23% vs 9%, P = 0.026, 19% vs 10%, P = 0.17). Apathy remained stable at 48% vs 50%. After two years, 80%, 79% and 19% of those with anxiety, depression or apathy at four months had recovered. Recovery-rates among patients with anxiety were 83% for panic disorder, 60% for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and 50% for social phobia. Conclusions: In contrast to apathy, recovery from anxiety and depression was high. About half of the patients with GAD, social phobia or agoraphobia did not recover. Co-morbid depression and apathy at four months implied a high risk for not recovering at two years. HADS-A and HADS-D cut-off scores of ≥8 were feasible for detection of anxiety and depression disorders two years after stroke.

• Tunheim, Kristoffer Joe; Dammen, Toril; Bårdstu, Silje Kvam; Moum, Torbjørn Åge; Munkhaugen, John & Papageorgiou, Constantinos (2022). Relationships between depression, anxiety, type D personality, and worry and rumination in patients with coronary heart disease. Frontiers in Psychology. 13. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.929410. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Psychological distress, including depression and anxiety, and Type-D personality are prevalent in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and associated with poor cardiovascular outcomes. Worry and rumination may be among the core features responsible for driving psychological distress in these patients. However, the nature of associations between these constructs remains to be delineated, yet they may have implications for the assessment and treatment of CHD patients. This study aimed to (1) explore the factorial structure and po-tential overlap between measures of depression, anxiety and the Type-D personality factors known as nega-tive affectivity and social inhibition, and (2) examine how these constructs relate to worry and rumination in a sample of 1042 CHD outpatients who participated in the in the cross-sectional NORwegian CORonary Pre-vention study. We conducted confirmatory factor analyses (n=1042) and regression analyses (n=904) within a structural equation modelling framework. Results showed all constructs to have acceptable factor structure and indicated an overlap between the constructs of depression and negative affectivity. Worry was most strongly associated with anxiety, whereas rumination was most strongly associated with depression and neg-ative affectivity. The results suggest conceptual similarities across the measures of depression and negative affectivity. They further suggest that intervention efforts could benefit from targeting worry and/or rumina-tion in the treatment of CHD outpatients presenting with symptoms of psychological distress Keywords: Anxiety, Depression, Type D personality, worry, rumination, metacognition, Metacognitive Therapy, coronary heart disease Received: 26 Apr 2022; Accepted: 24 Aug 2022.

• Dalum, Helene Seljenes; Tyssen, Reidar; Moum, Torbjørn Åge; Thoresen, Magne & Hem, Erlend (2022). Professional help-seeking behaviour for mental health problems among veterinarians in Norway: a nationwide, cross-sectional study (The NORVET study). BMC Public Health. 22. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-13710-y. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background Veterinarians have a relatively high prevalence of mental health problems; however, research on professional help-seeking is limited. The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of mental health problems and professional help-seeking behaviour for such problems, and the independent factors associated with help-seeking behaviour among veterinarians in Norway. Method This cross-sectional study included all veterinarians in Norway (response rate 75%, 70% women). Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) for professional help-seeking for mental health problems. Analyses were controlled for socio-demographic, individual (personality trait reality weakness, SCL-5, attitudes toward mental illness), and work-related factors (work field, job stress). Results The prevalence of self-reported mental health problems in need of treatment was 30% (746/2494), significantly higher among women than men (36% vs. 15%). Fifty-four percent had sought professional help, women significantly more often (56%) than men (41%). Among veterinarians with serious suicidal thoughts, 50% (69/139) had sought help. Veterinarians most frequently related mental health problems to work problems (47%), women significantly more often (49%) than men (34%). Factors significantly associated with help-seeking were being female, OR = 2.11 (95% CI: 1.24–3.60), working with production animals, OR = 0.35 (0.13–0.98), public administration, OR = 2.27 (1.15–4.45), academia/research, OR = 4.78 (1.99–11.47) or ‘other’ fields, OR = 2.79 (1.23–6.32), and attitudes toward mental illness, OR = 1.32 (1.03–1.68). Conclusions Thirty percent of veterinarians in Norway reported mental health problems in need of treatment, and only half of them had sought professional help. A low degree of help-seeking was also seen among those with serious suicidal thoughts. Being female, positive attitudes toward treatment of mental illness, working in public administration, academia/research and ‘other’ field were associated with more help-seeking, while working in production animal practice was associated with less help-seeking. Interventions to increase help-seeking behaviour for mental health problems among veterinarians are warranted.

• Urstad, Kristin Hjorthaug; Wahl, Astrid Klopstad; Moum, Torbjørn Åge; Engebretsen, Eivind & Andersen, Marit Helen (2021). Renal recipients’ knowledge and self efficacy during first year after implementing an evidence based educational intervention as routine care at the transplantation clinic. BMC Nephrology. 22. doi: 10.1186/s12882-021-02468-x. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background Following an implementation plan based on dynamic dialogue between researchers and clinicians, this study implemented an evidence-based patient education program (tested in an RCT) into routine care at a clinical transplant center. The aim of this study was to investigate renal recipients’ knowledge and self-efficacy during first year the after the intervention was provided in an everyday life setting. Methods The study has a longitudinal design. The sample consisted of 196 renal recipients. Measurement points were 5 days (baseline), 2 months (T1), 6 months (T2), and one-year post transplantation (T3). Outcome measures were post-transplant knowledge, self-efficacy, and self-perceived general health. Results No statistically significant changes were found from baseline to T1, T2, and T3. Participants’ levels of knowledge and self-efficacy were high prior to the education program and did not change throughout the first year post transplantation. Conclusion Renal recipients self-efficacy and insight in post-transplant aspects seem to be more robust when admitted to the hospital for transplantation compared to baseline observations in the RCT study. This may explain why the implemented educational intervention did not lead to the same positive increase in outcome measures as in the RCT. This study supports that replicating clinical interventions in real-life settings may provide different results compared to results from RCT’s. In order to gain a complete picture of the impacts of an implemented intervention, it is vital also to evaluate results after implementing findings from RCT-studies into everyday practice.

• Baklund, Ingrid H.; Dammen, Toril; Moum, Torbjørn Åge; Kristiansen, Wenche; Duarte, Sosa Daysi & Marrero, Jesus Castro [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Evaluating routine blood tests according to clinical symptoms and diagnostic criteria in individuals with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 10(14), s. 1–14. doi: 10.3390/jcm10143105. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  There is a lack of research regarding blood tests within individuals with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) and between patients and healthy controls. We aimed to compare results of routine blood tests between patients and healthy controls. Data from 149 patients diagnosed with ME/CFS based on clinical and psychiatric evaluation as well as on the DePaul Symptom Questionnaire, and data from 264 healthy controls recruited from blood donors were compared. One-way ANCOVA was conducted to examine differences between ME/CFS patients and healthy controls, adjusting for age and gender. Patients had higher sedimentation rate (mean difference: 1.38, 95% CI: 0.045 to 2.714), leukocytes (mean difference: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.248 to 0.932), lymphocytes (mean difference: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.145 to 0.395), neutrophils (mean difference: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.0 89 to 0.591), monocytes (mean difference: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.309 to 0.371), ferritin (mean difference: 28.13, 95% CI: −1.41 to 57.672), vitamin B12 (mean difference: 83.43, 95% CI: 62.89 to 124.211), calcium (mean difference: 0.02, 95% CI: −0.02 to 0.06), alanine transaminase (mean difference: 3.30, 95% CI: −1.37 to -7.971), low-density lipoproteins (mean difference: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.104 to 0.796), and total proteins (mean difference: 1.53, 95% CI: −0.945 to 4.005) than control subjects. The patients had lower potassium levels (mean difference: 0.11, 95% CI: 0.056 to 0.164), creatinine (mean difference: 2.60, 95% CI: 0.126 to 5.074) and creatine kinase (CK) (mean difference: 37.57, 95% CI: −0.282 to 75.422) compared to the healthy controls. Lower CK and creatinine levels may suggest muscle damage and metabolic abnormalities in ME/CFS patients.

• Frøjd, Lars Aastebø; Papageorgiou, Constantinos; Munkhaugen, John; Moum, Torbjørn Åge; Sverre, Elise Christine Bjørkholen & Nordhus, Inger Hilde [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Worry and rumination predict insomnia in patients with coronary heart disease: a cross-sectional study with long-term follow-up. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine (JCSM). ISSN 1550-9389. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.9712. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Frøyd, Lars; Munkhaugen, John; Moum, Torbjørn Åge; Sverre, Elise Christine Bjørkholen; Nordhus, Inger Hilde & Papageorgiou, Constantinos [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Insomnia in patients with coronary heart disease: Prevalence and correlates. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine (JCSM). ISSN 1550-9389. 17(5). doi: 10.5664/jcsm.9082. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Study Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of insomnia and its association with clinical and psychosocial factors in a large sample of outpatients with coronary heart disease. Methods: The sample comprised 1,082 patients, mean age 62 years (21% female), who participated in the cross-sectional NORwegian CORonary Prevention Study. Patients who were hospitalized with myocardial infarction and/or a coronary revascularization procedure in 2011–2014 responded to a self-report questionnaire and participated in a clinical examination with blood samples 2–36 (mean, 16) months later. Insomnia was assessed using the Bergen Insomnia Scale, a questionnaire based on the criteria for the clinical diagnosis of insomnia as described in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth version. We performed bivariate logistic regressions for crude analysis and backward stepwise logistic regressions for multiadjusted odds ratios (OR). Results: In total, 488 patients (45%) reported insomnia, and 24% of these patients had used sleep medication in the previous week. Anxiety symptoms (OR: 5.61) were the strongest determinants of insomnia, followed by female sex (OR: 1.88), diabetes (OR: 1.83), eating fish fewer than three times a week (OR: 1.69), type D personality (OR: 1.69), and C-reactive protein ≥ 2 mg/L (OR:1.58), in multiadjusted analyses. Conclusions: Insomnia was highly prevalent in coronary heart disease outpatients. Psychological factors, lifestyle factors, and subclinical inflammation were associated with insomnia. Our results emphasize the need to identify patients with insomnia and provide appropriate management of insomnia in outpatients with coronary heart disease.

• Urstad, Kristin Hjorthaug; Andenæs, Randi; Wahl, Astrid Klopstad; Kvarme, Lisbeth Gravdal; Helseth, Sølvi & Moum, Torbjørn Åge (2020). The Health Literacy Questionnaire: Initial Validity Testing in a Norwegian Sample. HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice. 4(4), s. e190–e199. doi: 10.3928/24748307-20200903-01. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background: The Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ) is a multidimensional generic questionnaire developed to capture a wide range of health literacy needs. There is a need for validation evidence for the Norwegian version of the HLQ (N-HLQ). Objective: The present study tested an initial version of the Norwegian HLQ by exploring its utility and construct validity among a group of nursing students. Methods: A pre-test survey was performed in participants (N = 18) who were asked to consider every item in the N-HLQ (44 items across nine scales). The N-HLQ was then administered to 368 respondents. Scale consistency was identified and extracted in a series of factor analyses (principal component analysis [PCA] with oblimin rotation) demanding a nine-dimension solution performed on randomly drawn 50% of the samples obtained by bootstrapping. Correlations between the nine factors obtained in the 13-factor PCA and the scale scores computed by the scale scoring syntaxes provided by the authors of the original HLQ were estimated. Key Results: The pretest survey did not result in the need to rephrase items. The internal consistency of the nine HLQ scales was high, ranging from 0.81 to 0.72. The best fit for reproduction of the scales from the original HLQ was found for these dimensions: “1. feeling understood and supported by health care providers,” “2. having sufficient information to manage my health,” and “3. actively managing my health.” For the dimensions “7. navigating in the healthcare system” and “8. ability to find good health information,” a rather high degree of overlap was found, as indicated by relatively low differences between mean highest correlations and mean next-highest correlations. Conclusions: Despite some possible overlap between dimensions 7 and 8, the N-HLQ appeared relatively robust. Thus, this study’s results contribute to the evidence validation base for the N-HLQ in Norwegian populations.

• Peersen, Kari; Otterstad, Jan Erik; Sverre, Elise; Perk, Joep; Gullestad, Lars & Moum, Torbjørn Åge [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Medical and Psychosocial Factors Associated With Low Physical Activity and Increasing Exercise Level After a Coronary Event. Journal of Cardiopulmanory Rehabilitation and Prevention (JCRP). ISSN 1932-7501. 40(1), s. 35–40. doi: 10.1097/HCR.0000000000000399. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  PURPOSE: The reasons why many coronary patients are inactive or have a low level of physical activity (PA) are not completely understood. We identified medical and psychosocial factors associated with PA status and increasing exercise level after a coronary event. METHODS: A cross-sectional study investigated the factors associated with PA in 1101 patients hospitalized with myocardial infarction (MI) and/or a revascularization procedure. Data were collected from hospital records, a self-report questionnaire, and a clinical examination. PA was categorized as inactivity, low activity, and adequate activity (≥ moderate intensity of 30 min ≥2-3 times/wk), an overall summary PA-index was measured as a continuous variable, and self-reported PA increase since the index event was measured on a 0- to 10-point Likert Scale. RESULTS: In all, 18% reported inactivity, 42% low, and 40% adequate activity at follow-up after median 16 mo. In multiadjusted linear regression analyses, low PA-index was significantly associated with smoking, obesity, unhealthy diet, depression, female, low education, MI as index diagnosis, and ≥1 previous coronary event. Motivation, risk and illness perceptions, and low reported need of help to increase PA were significantly associated with self-reported increasing PA level in adjusted continuous analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Daily smoking, obesity, unhealthy diet, and depression were the major potentially modifiable factors associated with insufficient PA, whereas high motivation and risk and illness perceptions were associated with increasing PA level. Further research on the effect of interventions tailored to the reported significant factors of failure is needed to improve PA level in CHD patients.

• Mahmood, Javed Iqbal; Grotmol, Kjersti Støen; Tesli, Martin Steen; Moum, Torbjørn Åge; Andreassen, Ole Andreas & Tyssen, Reidar (2019). Life satisfaction in Norwegian medical doctors: a 15-year longitudinal study of work-related predictors. BMC Health Services Research. 19:729, s. 1–10. doi: 10.1186/s12913-019-4599-7. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background Despite many recent studies on burn-out and dissatisfaction among American medical doctors, less is known about doctors in the Scandinavian public health service. The aims of this study were to analyse long-term work-related predictors of life satisfaction among established doctors in Norway and to identify predictors in a subgroup of doctors who reported a decline in life satisfaction. Methods Two nationwide cohorts of doctors (n = 1052), who graduated medical school 6 years apart, were surveyed at graduation from medical school (T1, 1993/94 and 1999), and 4 (T2), 10 (T3), and 15 (T4) years later. Work-related predictors of life satisfaction (three items) obtained at T2 to T4 were analysed. Individual and lifestyle confounders were controlled for using mixed-models repeated-measures analyses, and logistic regression analyses were applied to identify predictors of the decrease in life satisfaction. Results Ninety per cent (947/1052) responded at least once, and 42% (450/1052) responded at all four times. Work-related predictors of higher life satisfaction in the adjusted model were work–home stress (β = − 0.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] = − 0.25 to − 0.16, p < 0.001), perceived job demands (β = − 0.10, CI = − 0.15 to − 0.05, p < 0.001), and colleague support (β = 0.05, CI = 0.04 to 0.07, p < 0.001). The new adjusted individual predictors that we identified included female gender, reality weakness trait, and problematic drinking behaviour. Neuroticism trait and low colleague support predicted a decrease in life satisfaction. Conclusions Work–home stress, perceived job demands, and colleague support were the most important predictors of life satisfaction related to doctors’ work. When personality traits were controlled for, female doctors were more satisfied with their life than male doctors. These findings suggest that improving work-related factors with targeted interventions, including a supportive work environment, may increase life satisfaction among doctors.

• Belfrage, Anna; Grotmol, Kjersti Støen; Tyssen, Reidar; Moum, Torbjørn Åge; Finset, Arnstein & Rø, Karin Isaksson [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2018). Factors influencing doctors' counselling on patients' lifestyle habits: a cohort study. British Journal of General Practice Open. 2(3), s. 1–12. doi: 10.3399/bjgpopen18X101607. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background Lifestyle changes are important for prevention and treatment of many common diseases, and doctors have an important role in the lifestyle counselling of patients. It is important to know more about factors influencing lifestyle counselling. Aim To investigate the frequency of counselling about physical activity compared to that about alcohol habits; the impact of doctors’ own physical activity and alcohol habits on patient counselling about these lifestyle dimensions; and whether perceived mastery of clinical work or vulnerable personality have a confounding or moderating effect on these associations. Design & setting In this nationwide cohort survey, a total of 978 doctors in Norway were surveyed by postal questionnaires in 1993/94 and 2014. The response rate was 562/978 (57%). Method The outcome variables were questions on frequency of asking about alcohol and exercise habits. Explanatory variables were questions on doctors’ own exercise habits, drinking habits (using Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test [AUDIT]), perceived mastery of clinical work, vulnerable personality, and specialty. Associations were studied by linear regression analysis. Results Of the 526 responders, 307 (58%) reported asking usually/often about exercise habits, while n = 140/524 (27%) usually/often asked about alcohol habits. A doctor's own physical activity level was associated with frequency of asking about physical activity (unstandardised regression coefficient [B] = 0.07; 95% confidence intervals [CI] = 0.01 to 0.13). There were no significant associations between doctors' own lifestyle habits and counselling on alcohol habits. Doctors with low levels of vulnerability asked more frequently about physical activity, regardless of their own physical activity habits (F = 2.41, P = 0.048). Conclusion Doctors’ own lifestyles influenced their preventive counselling about physical activity, but not about alcohol. Vulnerability moderated these effects, indicating the importance of early interventions to help doctors with a vulnerable personality to handle negative criticism from patients

• Nicolaisen, Magnhild; Moum, Torbjørn Åge & Thorsen, Kirsten (2018). Mastery and Depressive Symptoms: How Does Mastery Influence the Impact of Stressors From Midlife to Old Age? Journal of Aging and Health. ISSN 0898-2643. 30(7), s. 1084–1107. doi: 10.1177/0898264317705782. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Munkhaugen, John; Hjelmesæth, Jøran; Otterstad, Jan Erik; Helseth, Ragnhild; Sollid, Stina Therese & Gjertsen, Erik [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2018). Managing patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes after coronary events: individual tailoring needed - a cross-sectional study. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders. 18(1). doi: 10.1186/s12872-018-0896-z. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background Understanding the determinants associated with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in coronary patients may help to individualize treatment and modelling interventions. We sought to identify sociodemographic, medical and psychosocial factors associated with normal blood glucose (HbA1c < 5.7%), prediabetes (HbA1c 5.7–6.4%), and type 2 diabetes. Methods A cross-sectional explorative study applied regression analyses to investigate the factors associated with glycaemic status and control (HbA1c level) in 1083 patients with myocardial infarction and/or a coronary revascularization procedure. Data were collected from hospital records at the index event and from a self-report questionnaire and clinical examination with blood samples at 2–36 months follow-up. Results In all, 23% had type 2 diabetes, 44% had prediabetes, and 33% had normal blood glucose at follow-up. In adjusted analyses, type 2 diabetes was associated with larger waist circumference (Odds Ratio 1.03 per 1.0 cm, p = 0.001), hypertension (Odds Ratio 2.7, p < 0.001), lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Odds Ratio 0.3 per1.0 mmol/L, p = 0.002) and insomnia (Odds Ratio 2.0, p = 0.002). In adjusted analyses, prediabetes was associated with smoking (Odds Ratio 3.3, p = 0.001), hypertension (Odds Ratio 1.5, p = 0.03), and non-participation in cardiac rehabilitation (Odds Ratio 1.7, p = 0.003). In patients with type 2 diabetes, a higher HbA1c level was associated with ethnic minority background (standardized beta [β] 0.19, p = 0.005) and low drug adherence (β 0.17, p = 0.01). In patients with prediabetes or normal blood glucose, a higher HbA1c was associated with larger waist circumference (β 0.13, p < 0.001), smoking (β 0.18, p < 0.001), hypertension (β 0.08, p = 0.04), older age (β 0.16, p < 0.001), and non-participation in cardiac rehabilitation (β 0.11, p = 0.005). Conclusions Along with obesity and hypertension, insomnia and low drug adherence were the major modifiable factors associated with type 2 diabetes, whereas smoking and non-participation in cardiac rehabilitation were the factors associated with prediabetes. Further research on the effect of individual tailoring, addressing the reported significant predictors of failure, is needed to improve glycaemic control. Trial registration Retrospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02309255, December 5th 2014.

• Belfrage, Anna; Grotmol, Kjersti Støen; Tyssen, Reidar; Moum, Torbjørn Åge & Lien, Lars (2018). Factors associated with low vs increased perceived mastery of clinical work over ten years of practice: a prospective study of Norwegian doctors. BMC Medical Education. 18:116(116). doi: 10.1186/s12909-018-1236-9. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background A higher sense of mastery of doctors’ clinical work could benefit not only their own mental health but also their work performance and patient care. However, we know little about factors associated with perceived mastery of clinical work among physicians. Our aim was therefore to study characteristics of those with stable low levels and of those with increased levels of mastery over a period of ten years of medical practice. Methods N = 631 doctors were surveyed in their final year of medical school in 1993/94 (T1) and 10 (T2), 15 (T3) and 20 (T4) years later. Low and increased perceived mastery of clinical work were measured between T2, T3 and T4. Response rates for all items measuring low and increased mastery were 238/522 (46%) and 256/522 (49%) respectively. The following explanatory variables were included: demographics, medical school factors, personality and contextual work-related and non-work-related factors. Results N = 73 (31%) of the doctors reported stable low mastery from T2 to T4. The following variables were significantly associated with low mastery in the adjusted analyses: vulnerability (OR: 1.30, P < .000, CI: 1.12 to 1.50), drinking alcohol to cope with stress during medical school (OR: 2.66, P = .04, CI: 1.03 to 6.85) and social support (OR: 0.78, P = .002, CI: 0.66 to 0.91). N = 39 (15%) reported increased mastery during the ten-year period from T2 to T4. Perceived job demands (OR: 0.66, P = .02, CI: 0.45 to 0.98) and taking up a leading position (OR: 3.04, P = .01, CI: 1.31 to 7.07) were associated with increased mastery after adjustment. Conclusions Stable low sense of mastery over time is associated with having a vulnerable personality, a history of having used alcohol to cope with stress during medical school and lack of contemporary social support. Conversely, increased sense of mastery is associated with taking up a leading position and having the perception that job demands are decreasing over time. These findings indicate that perceived mastery of clinical work may not be a trait, but a state modifiable over time

• Munkhaugen, John; Otterstad, Jan Erik; Dammen, Toril; Gjertsen, Erik; Moum, Torbjørn Åge & Husebye, Einar [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2018). The prevalence and predictors of elevated C-reactive protein after a coronary heart disease event. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology (EJPC). ISSN 2047-4873. 25(9), s. 923–931. doi: 10.1177/2047487318768940. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Grotmol, Kjersti Støen; Lie, Hanne Cathrine; Hjermstad, Marianne Jensen; Aass, Nina Kathrine; Currow, David & Kaasa, Stein [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2017). Depression-A Major Contributor to Poor Quality of Life in Patients With Advanced Cancer. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. ISSN 0885-3924. 54(6), s. 889–897. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2017.04.010. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Context Quality of life (QoL) and depression are important patient-reported outcomes in cancer care. However, the relative importance of depression severity in predicting QoL remains unclear because of few methodologically sound studies. Objectives To examine whether depression contributes to impairment of QoL irrespective of prognostic factors and symptom burden. Methods A total of 563 patients were included from the European Palliative Care Research Collaborative–Computerized Symptom Assessment Study, an international, multi-center, cross-sectional study. The relative importance of prognostic factors (systemic inflammation [modified Glasgow Prognostic Score—mGPS]), co-morbidities and physical performance (Karnofsky Performance Status), symptom burden (loss of appetite, breathlessness, nausea [Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale], and pain [Brief Pain Inventory]), and depression severity (Patient Health Questionnaire 9) in predicting Global Health/QoL (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Core Quality of Life Questionnaire [EORTC-QLQ-C30]) were assessed using hierarchical multiple regression models. Results Fifty-five percent were women, median age was 64 years, 87% had metastatic disease, median Karnofsky Performance Status was 70, and mean global QoL was 50.5 (SD = 23.3). Worse QoL was associated with increased systemic inflammation (mGPS = 1 β = −0.12, P = 0.003; mGPS = 2 β = −0.09, P = 0.023), lower physical performance (β = 0.17, P < 0.001), reduced appetite (β = −0.15, P < 0.001), breathlessness (β = −0.11, P = 0.004), pain (β = −0.14, P = 0.002), and higher depression severity (β = −0.27, P < 0.001). The full model accounted for 29% of the observed variance in QoL scores. The strongest predictor was depression severity, accounting for 5.8% of the variance. Conclusion Depression severity was the strongest single predictor of poorer QoL in this sample of patients with advanced cancer, after accounting for a wide range of clinically relevant variables. Future studies should investigate the contribution of psychosocial variables on QoL. Our findings emphasize the importance of managing depression to achieve the best possible QoL for these patients.

• Peersen, Kari; Munkhaugen, John; Gullestad, Lars; Dammen, Toril; Moum, Torbjørn Åge & Otterstad, Jan Erik (2017). Reproducibility of an extensive self-report questionnaire used in secondary coronary prevention. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. ISSN 1403-4948. 45(3), s. 269–276. doi: 10.1177/1403494816688375. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Jacobsen, Ellisiv Lærum; Bye, Asta; Aass, Nina Kathrine; Fosså, Sophie Dorothea; Grotmol, Kjersti Støen & Kaasa, Stein [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2017). Norwegian reference values for the Short-Form Health Survey 36: development over time. Quality of Life Research. ISSN 0962-9343. s. 1–12. doi: 10.1007/s11136-017-1684-4. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Purpose Reference values for patient-reported outcome measures are useful for interpretation of results from clinical trials. The study aims were to collect Norwegian SF-36 reference values and compare with data from 1996 to 2002. Methods In 2015, SF-36 was sent by mail to a representative sample of the population (N = 6165). Time trends and associations between background variables and SF-36 scale scores were compared by linear regression models. Results The 2015 response rate was 36% (N = 2118) versus 67% (N = 2323) in 1996 and 56% (N = 5241) in 2002. Only 5% of the youngest (18–29 years) and 27% of the oldest (>70 years) responded in 2015. Age and educational level were significantly higher in 2015 relative to 1996/2002 (p < .001). The oldest age group in 2015 reported better scores on five of eight scales (p < 0.01), the exceptions being bodily pain, vitality, and mental health compared to 1996/2002 (NS). Overall, the SF-36 scores were relatively stable across surveys, controlled for background variables. In general, the most pronounced changes in 2015 were better scores on the role limitations emotional scale (7.4 points, p < .001) and lower scores on the bodily pain scale (4.6 points, p < .001) than in the 1996/2002 survey. Conclusions The low response rate in 2015 suggests that the results, especially among the youngest, should be interpreted with caution. The high response rate among the oldest indicates good representativity for those >70 years. Despite societal changes in Norway the past two decades, HRQoL has remained relatively stable.

• Sverre, Elise; Otterstad, Jan Erik; Gjertsen, Erik; Gullestad, Lars; Husebye, Einar & Dammen, Toril [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2017). Medical and sociodemographic factors predict persistent smoking after coronary events. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders. 17(1). doi: 10.1186/s12872-017-0676-1. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Sverre, Elise; Peersen, Kari; Husebye, Einar; Gjertsen, Erik; Gullestad, Lars & Moum, Torbjørn Åge [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2017). Unfavourable risk factor control after coronary events in routine clinical practice. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders. 17(1). doi: 10.1186/s12872-016-0387-z. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background Risk factor control after a coronary event in a recent European multi-centre study was inadequate. Patient selection from academic centres and low participation rate, however, may underscore failing risk factor control in routine clinical practice. Improved understanding of the patient factors that influence risk factor control is needed to improve secondary preventive strategies. The objective of the present paper was to determine control of the major risk factors in a coronary population from routine clinical practice, and how risk factor control was influenced by the study factors age, gender, number of coronary events, and time since the index event. Methods A cross-sectional study determined risk factor control and its association with study factors in 1127 patients (83% participated) aged 18-80 years with acute myocardial infarction and/or revascularization identified from medical records. Study data were collected from a self-report questionnaire, clinical examination, and blood samples after 2-36 months (median 16) follow-up. Results Twenty-one percent were current smokers at follow-up. Of those smoking at the index event 56% continued smoking. Obesity was found in 34%, and 60% were physically inactive. Although 93% were taking blood-pressure lowering agents and statins, 46% were still hypertensive and 57% had LDL cholesterol >1.8 mmol/L at follow-up. Suboptimal control of diabetes was found in 59%. The patients failed on average to control three of the six major risk factors, and patients with >1 coronary events (p < 0.001) showed the poorest overall control. A linear increase in smoking (p < 0.01) and obesity (p < 0.05) with increasing time since the event was observed. Conclusions The majority of coronary patients in a representative Norwegian population did not achieve risk factor control, and the poorest overall control was found in patients with several coronary events. New strategies for secondary prevention are clearly needed to improve risk factor control. Even modest advances will provide major health benefits. Trial registration Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (ID NCT02309255).

• Sverre, Elise; Peersen, Kari; Otterstad, Jan Erik; Gullestad, Lars; Perk, Joep & Gjertsen, Erik [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2017). Optimal blood pressure control after coronary events: the challenge remains. Journal of the American Society of Hypertension : JASH. ISSN 1933-1711. 11(12), s. 823–830. doi: 10.1016/j.jash.2017.10.007. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Munkhaugen, John; Sverre, Elise; Otterstad, Jan Erik; Peersen, Kari; Gjertsen, Erik & Perk, Joep [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2017). Medical and psychosocial factors and unfavourable low-density lipoprotein cholesterol control in coronary patients. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology (EJPC). ISSN 2047-4873. 24(9), s. 981–989. doi: 10.1177/2047487317693134. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Belfrage, Anna; Grotmol, Kjersti Støen; Lien, Lars; Moum, Torbjørn Åge; Wiese, Ragna Veslemøy & Tyssen, Reidar (2017). Medical school predictors of later perceived mastery of clinical work among Norwegian doctors: a cohort study with 10-year and 20-year follow-up. BMJ Open. 7(9), s. 1–8. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014462. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Peersen, Kari; Munkhaugen, John; Gullestad, Lars; Liodden, Toril; Moum, Torbjørn Åge & Dammen, Toril [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2017). The role of cardiac rehabilitation in secondary prevention after coronary events. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology (EJPC). ISSN 2047-4873. 24(13), s. 1360–1368. doi: 10.1177/2047487317719355. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hertzberg, Tuva Kolstad; Rø, Karin Elisabet Isaksson; Vaglum, Per Jørgen Wiggen; Moum, Torbjørn Åge; Røvik, Jan Ole & Gude, Tore [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2016). Work-home interface stress: An important predictor of emotional exhaustion 15 years into a medical career. Industrial Health. ISSN 0019-8366. 54(2), s. 139–148. doi: 10.2486/indhealth.2015-0134. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Munkhaugen, John; Sverre, Elise; Peersen, Kari; Gjertsen, Erik; Gullestad, Lars & Moum, Torbjørn Åge [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2016). The role of medical and psychosocial factors for unfavourable coronary risk factor control. Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal. ISSN 1401-7431. 50(1), s. 1–8. doi: 10.3109/14017431.2015.1111408. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Borge, Christine Råheim; Mengshoel, Anne Marit; Moum, Torbjørn Åge & Wahl, Astrid Klopstad (2016). Fluctuating patterns in quality of life outcomes among patients with moderate and severe stages of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Quality of Life Research. ISSN 0962-9343. 25, s. 2041–2051. doi: 10.1007/s11136-016-1227-4. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Borge, Christine Råheim; Mengshoel, Anne Marit; Omenaas, Ernst; Moum, Torbjørn Åge; Ekman, Inger & Lein, Martha Pauline [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2015). Effect of guided deep breathing on breathlessness and the breathing pattern in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A double-blind randomized control trial. Patient Education and Counseling. ISSN 0738-3991. 98(2), s. 182–190. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2014.10.017. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Borge, Christine Råheim; Hagen, Kåre Birger; Mengshoel, Anne Marit; Omenaas, Ernst; Moum, Torbjørn Åge & Wahl, Astrid Klopstad (2014). Effects of controlled breathing exercises and respiratory muscle training in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: results from evaluating the quality of evidence in systematic reviews. BMC Pulmonary Medicine. 14:184. doi: 10.1186/1471-2466-14-184. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background This paper reviews evidence and quality of Systematic Reviews (SRs) on the effects of breathing control exercises (BCEs) and respiratory muscle training (RMT) on breathlessness/dyspnea and other symptoms, and quality of life (QOL) for individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods A search for BCE and RMT literature in COPD published between January 1, 2002 and December 31, 2013 was performed in the following databases: PubMed, Ovid, CINAHL, PsycINFO, AMED, Cochrane and PEDro. The AMSTAR criteria were used to evaluate quality. Results After reviewing 642 reports, seven SRs were identified on RMT and BCEs. Three SRs were of high quality, three were of moderate quality, and one was of low quality. Two high-quality SRs reported significantly beneficial effects of RMT on dyspnea, and one reported significant effects on disease-specific QOL and fatigue. In these SRs, pooled data analyses were performed with three to fourteen single randomised control trials (RCTs) included in the analysis. In one of the SRs the quality of the single RCTs were rated by the authors to be between 5–7 (with10 best) and in the other one the quality of the single RCTs were rated to be between 30-83% of the maximum score. One high-quality SR found a significant positive effect of BCE based on pooled data analysis with two single RCTs in regard to pursed-lip breathing (PLB) on breathlessness. In this SR, one single RCT on diaphragmatic breathing (DB) and another one on yoga breathing (YB) showed effect on disease-specific QOL. The single RCTs included in the SR were rated by the authors in the SRs to be of low and moderate quality. Conclusions Based on three high-quality SRs performing pooled data analyses, there is evidence that RMT has effect on breathlessness, fatigue and disease-specific QOL and PLB on breathlessness. There is also evidence that single studies on DB and YB has effect on disease-specific QOL. Few RCTs are available and the variable quality of the single RCTs in the SRs, seem to require more RCTs in particular for BCEs, but also RMT before conclusions regarding effects and high quality SRs can be written.

• Borge, Christine Råheim; Moum, Torbjørn Åge; Lein, Martha Pauline; Austegard, Elise Lynn & Wahl, Astrid Klopstad (2014). Illness perception in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. ISSN 0036-5564. 55(5), s. 456–463. doi: 10.1111/sjop.12150. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Illness perception (IP) concerns how patients evaluate living with a disease. To get a broader understanding of IP in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), we investigated whether breathlessness is an important precursor of IP and whether IP in its turn is related to mental health, physical health and global quality of life (QOL). One hundred and fifty-four patients with COPD participated in a cross-sectional survey. Participants underwent pulmonary function testing, provided socio-demographic and clinical information, and completed the following standardized instruments: Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, Respiratory Quality of Life Questionnaire, Short-Form 12 Health Survey and the Quality of Life Scale. Multiple regression analyses were performed. A high IP score indicates that a patient believes that his/her illness represents a threat. Participants with a high score on the IP dimensions consequences, identity, concern and emotional representation, experienced more breathlessness. High scores on the IP dimensions consequences, identity and concern were associated with impaired physical health and high scores on the IP dimensions consequences, identity and emotional representation were associated with impaired mental health. Impaired global QOL was associated with high scores on the IP dimensions consequences, identity, concern, coherence and emotional representation. The strength of the associations between breathlessness and physical/mental health and global QOL decreased when certain dimensions of IP were included as predictors, indicating that IP to some extent acts as a mediating factor. These findings may have practical implications of patient counseling by helping COPD patients to cope with their disease by restructuring their personal models of illness.

• Wahl, Astrid Klopstad; Robinson, Hilde Stendal; Langeland, Eva; Larsen, Marie Hamilton; Polesie, Anne Lene Krogstad & Moum, Torbjørn Åge (2014). Clinical characteristics associated with illness perception in psoriasis. Acta Dermato-Venereologica. ISSN 0001-5555. 94(3), s. 271–275. doi: 10.2340/00015555-1673. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Knowledge of illness perception may aid the identification of groups of patients with a higher risk of coping poorly with the demands of their illness. This study aims to investigate associations between illness perception, clinical characteristics, patient knowledge, quality of life and subjective health in persons with psoriasis. The present study was based on cross-sectional data from patients awaiting climate therapy in Gran Canaria. We included 254 eligible patients (74%) who completed a questionnaire including the revised Illness Perception Questionnaire, the Psoriasis Knowledge Questionnaire, and the Dermatological Life Quality Index. Disease severity was measured using the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index. Several statistically significant associations between clinical characteristics, knowledge and various illness perception dimensions were found. Illness perception was also significantly related to disease-specific quality of life and subjective health. These findings contradict previous findings, which suggested that objective disease factors are not relevant to illness perception in psoriasis. © 2014 The Authors

• Larsen, Marie Hamilton; Polesie, Anne Lene Krogstad; Aas, Eline; Moum, Torbjørn Åge & Wahl, Astrid Klopstad (2014). A telephone based motivational interviewing intervention has positive effects on psoriasis severity and self-management - A randomized controlled trial. British Journal of Dermatology. ISSN 0007-0963. 171(6), s. 1458–1469. doi: 10.1111/bjd.13363. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Langeland, Eva; Robinson, Hilde Stendal; Moum, Torbjørn Åge; Larsen, Marie Hamilton & Wahl, Astrid Klopstad (2013). Mental health among people with psoriasis undergoing patient education in climate therapy. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. ISSN 0036-5564. 54(6), s. 508–514. doi: 10.1111/sjop.12073. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Langeland, Eva; Robinson, Hilde Stendal; Moum, Torbjørn Åge; Larsen, Marie Hamilton; Polesie, Anne Lene Krogstad & Wahl, Astrid Klopstad (2013). Promoting sense of coherence: Salutogenesis among people with psoriasis undergoing patient education in climate therapy. BMC Psychology. 1(11). doi: 10.1186/2050-7283-1-11. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background There is a need for further investigation of sense of coherence (SOC), the central concept of salutogenesis, and its relationship with long-term illnesses such as psoriasis. The aim of this study is to investigate the development of SOC during patient education in the context of climate therapy and to explore factors that may predict changes in SOC among people with psoriasis. Methods A prospective design included a baseline assessment and two follow-ups after a 3-week patient education and climate therapy programme (follow-up 1) and again 3 months later (follow-up 2). A total of 254 adults (aged 20–80) with psoriasis participated. SOC was measured by the SOC Questionnaire, illness perception was measured by the Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire, and positive and active engagement in life was measured by the positive and active engagement subscale of the Health Education Impact Questionnaire. Paired-sample t tests were used to evaluate changes in SOC from the baseline to follow-up. Multiple linear regression was used to analyse the ability of socio-demographic and clinical variables, illness perception and positive and active engagement in life to predict the changes in SOC. Results The SOC score changed significantly by 2.65 points, (95% CI = 0.621, 3.685) from the baseline to follow-up 1. SOC score was still improved by 1.15 points (95% CI = 0.073, 0.223) at follow-up 2. Baseline and change in positive and active engagement in life were linked to change in SOC with standardized beta 0.170 (95% CI = 0.024, 0.319) and 0.259 (95% CI = 0.092, 0.428), respectively. In addition illness coherence perception at baseline and change in emotional representations were significantly associated with the change in SOC with standardized beta 0.212 (95% CI = 0.073, 0.361) and –0.270 (95% CI = –0.481, –0,077), respectively. Conclusions SOC improved significantly from before to after patient education in the context of climate therapy. The results indicate that improving positive and active engagement in life, coping with emotional distress and a coherent understanding of the illness might provide important opportunities to improve SOC among people with psoriasis.

• Ljoså, Tone Marte; Stubhaug, Audun; Mørk, Cato; Moum, Torbjørn Åge & Wahl, Astrid Klopstad (2013). Improvement in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index Score predicts improvement in skin pain over time in patients with psoriasis. Acta Dermato-Venereologica. ISSN 0001-5555. 93(3), s. 330–334. doi: 10.2340/00015555-1456. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Pain and discomfort are common and often severe skin symptoms in patients with psoriasis. However, no studies have investigated skin pain and discomfort over time, or factors that explain changes in these symptoms. The aims of the present study were to describe the changes in skin pain, skin discomfort and Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) over time, and to investigate whether change in PASI predicted change in skin pain intensity. A total of 129 patients participated in this exploratory, longitudinal study. Data were obtained through interviews and questionnaires. The results indicated reduction in skin symptoms and psoriasis severity over a period of 3 months. However, a majority of patients with skin pain at baseline reported also skin pain at follow-up. Furthermore, changes in PASI predicted changes in skin pain intensity. In conclusion, improvement in psoriasis severity predicts improvement in skin pain.

• Grotmol, Kjersti Støen; Gude, Tore; Moum, Torbjørn Åge; Vaglum, Per Jørgen Wiggen & Tyssen, Reidar (2013). Risk factors at medical school for later severe depression: A 15-year longitudinal, nationwide study (NORDOC). Journal of Affective Disorders. ISSN 0165-0327. 146(1), s. 106–111. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2012.08.047. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Wahl, Astrid Klopstad; Moum, Torbjørn Åge; Robinson, Hilde Stendal; Langeland, Eva; Larsen, Marie Hamilton & Polesie, Anne Lene Krogstad (2013). Psoriasis patients' knowledge about the disease and treatments. Dermatology Research and Practice. ISSN 1687-6105. doi: 10.1155/2013/921737. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Patients’ knowledge about psoriasis and its treatment has been randomly studied previously. The aim of the study is to investigate patients’ knowledge about psoriasis in relation to undergoing patient education in the context of climate therapy (CT).Thepsoriasis knowledge questionnaire (PKQ) was used in a follow-up pre–post study design ofNorwegian patients with psoriasis at the age of 20 years and older undergoing CT at Gran Canaria (Spain). Patients completed the PKQ and provided selected demographic, clinical and health information before (T1), immediately after (T2), and 3 months after (T3) CT. Disease severity was assessed using the psoriasis area and severity index (PASI). 254 psoriasis patients were included (74%).The PKQ score improved significantly fromT1 to T2 and T3 (𝑃 < 0.001 for both comparisons). Although patient’s knowledge improved, further research should use gold standard designs (experiments) to study the effects of educational interventions in different contexts.

• Jonsbu, Egil; Martinsen, Egil Wilhelm; Morken, Gunnar; Moum, Torbjørn Åge & Dammen, Toril (2013). Change and Impact of Illness Perceptions among Patients with Non-cardiac Chest Pain or Benign Palpitations Following Three Sessions of CBT. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy. ISSN 1352-4658. 41(4), s. 398–407. doi: 10.1017/S1352465813000179. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Ljoså, Tone Marte; Mørk, Cato; Stubhaug, Audun; Moum, Torbjørn & Wahl, Astrid Klopstad (2012). Skin pain and skin discomfort is associated with quality of life in patients with psoriasis. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. ISSN 0926-9959. 26(1), s. 29–35. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2011.04000.x. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background  Patients with psoriasis commonly report severe sensory skin symptoms, sleep disturbance, psychological distress and impaired health related quality of life (HRQoL). However, the complex associations among these factors are poorly investigated in this patient group. Objectives  The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between skin pain or skin discomfort and HRQoL, and explore whether sleep disturbance and psychological distress were mediators of these associations. Methods  A total of 139 psoriasis patients from a university hospital setting participated in this exploratory, cross-sectional study. Data were obtained through interviews and questionnaires (Dermatology Life Quality Index, General Sleep Disturbance Scale, Illness Perception Questionnaire) and analysed using a series of multiple regression analyses. HRQoL was the dependent variable. Independent variables and assumed mediators were entered into the model in a predefined order. Results  Skin pain, skin discomfort, sleep disturbance and psychological distress were significantly associated with HRQoL (all P < 0.05). Sleep disturbance was a partial mediator for the association between skin pain and HRQoL. No such mediation effect was found in terms of psychological distress. The total model explained 40% of the variance in HRQoL. Conclusion  In this study, skin pain and skin discomfort were significantly related to HRQoL when controlling for demographic and clinical characteristics. In addition, sleep disturbance mediated the association between skin pain and HRQoL. An understanding of the complex association among physiological and psychological factors, and HRQoL is clinically important in order to provide proper treatment and care of patients with psoriasis.

• Rohde, Gudrun-Elin; Moum, Torbjørn Åge & Haugeberg, Glenn (2012). Comparing 15D and SF-6D Performance in Fragility Wrist and Hip Fracture Patients in a Two-Year Follow-Up Case-Control Study. Value in Health. ISSN 1098-3015. 15(8), s. 1100–1107. doi: 10.1016/j.jval.2012.08.2200. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Objectives To examine and compare the two utility and health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL) measures 15D and (SF-6D) in fragility wrist and hip fracture patients and controls, study the responsiveness of 15D and SF-6D, and examine the impact of these fractures on changes in 15D and SF-6D scores over 2 years. Methods A total of 152 wrist fracture patients and 164 controls and 61 hip fracture patients and 61 controls with 15D and SF-6D scores were studied. Results The mean 15D score decreased significantly in wrist fracture patients between baseline and 2-year follow-up (P=0.003). A wrist fracture was a significant predictor of a decrease in 15D scores 2 years after fracture (B=−0.016; P=0.049), along with low body mass index (B=−0.002; P=0.009). In hip fracture patients, both 15D and SF-6D scores decreased significantly (P<0.001). A hip fracture was a significant predictor of a decrease in 15D (B=−0.060; P=0.001) and SF-6D (B=−0.096; P=0.001) scores. Conclusions Our data suggest that a fragility wrist fracture has a long-term negative effect on HRQOL, but not as strong as for fragility hip fractures. 15D seems to be more responsive than SF-6D when assessing HRQOL in patients with fragility fractures.

• Jonsbu, Egil; Martinsen, Egil Wilhelm; Morken, Gunnar; Moum, Torbjørn Åge & Dammen, Toril (2012). Illness perception among patients with chest pain and palpitations before and after negative cardiac evaluation. BioPsychoSocial Medicine. 6(19). doi: 10.1186/1751-0759-6-19. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background Patients with chest pain or palpitations often have poor outcomes following a negative cardiac evaluation, with symptom persistence, limitations in everyday activities, and reduced health-related quality of life. The aims of this study were to evaluate illness perceptions before and after negative cardiac evaluations and measure the ability of a self-report questionnaire to predict outcomes. Methods Patients (N = 138) referred for chest pain or palpitations to a cardiac outpatient clinic were assessed before and six months after a negative cardiac evaluation. In addition to Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ), all patients completed the Beck Depression Inventory and SF-36 Health Survey. Results The emotional reactions to and understanding of symptoms had not improved six months after a negative cardiac evaluation. A stronger correlation between illness perceptions and health at follow-up than before the cardiac evaluation might explain the tendency for poor outcomes among these patients. Most of the eight BIPQ item scores before the negative cardiac evaluation were predictive of the outcome six months later. A single question asking about the perceived consequences of the complaints (BIPQ Item 1) rated before the cardiac evaluation was collapsed into a dichotomous variable with a cut-off at ≥4 which yields a sensitivity of 51%, a specificity of 85%, a positive predictive value of 71%, a negative predictive value of 69%, and an odds ratio of 5.7 (r = .38, p < .001) in predicting poor outcomes. Conclusions Assessing illness perceptions is important in patients with negative cardiac tests for understanding and predicting outcomes.

• Urstad, Kristin Hjorthaug; Øyen, Ole; Andersen, Marit Helen; Moum, Torbjørn Åge & Wahl, Astrid Klopstad (2012). The effect of an educational intervention for renal recipients: a randomized controlled trial. Clinical Transplantation. ISSN 0902-0063. 26(3), s. E246–E253. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-0012.2012.01666.x. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Johannsdottir, Inga Maria Rinvoll; Hjermstad, Marianne Jensen; Moum, Torbjørn; Wesenberg, Finn; Hjort, Lars & Schröder, Henrik [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2012). Increased prevalence of chronic fatigue among survivors of childhood cancers: A population-based study. Pediatric Blood & Cancer. ISSN 1545-5009. 58(3), s. 415–420. doi: 10.1002/pbc.23111. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Solberg, Ingunn Bjarnadottir; Rø, Karin Elisabet Isaksson; Aasland, Olaf Gjerløw; Gude, Tore; Moum, Torbjørn Åge & Vaglum, Per Jørgen Wiggen [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2012). The impact of change in a doctor's job position: a five-year cohort study of job satisfaction among Norwegian doctors. BMC Health Services Research. 12(41). doi: 10.1186/1472-6963-12-41. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background Job satisfaction among physicians may be of importance to their individual careers and their work with patients. We lack prospective studies on whether a change in a doctor's job position influences their job satisfaction over a five-year period if we control for other workload factors. Methods A longitudinal national cohort of all physicians who graduated in Norway in 1993 and 1994 was surveyed by postal questionnaire in 2003 (T1) and 2008 (T2). Outcomes were measured with a 10-item job satisfaction scale. Predictor variables in a multiple regression model were: change in job position, reduction in work-home interface stress, reduction in work hours, age, and gender. Results A total of 59% of subjects (306/522) responded at both time points. The mean value of job satisfaction in the total sample increased from 51.6 (SD = 9.0) at T1 to 53.4 (SD = 8.2) at T2 (paired t test, t = 3.8, p < 0.001). The major groups or positions at T1 were senior house officers (45%), chief specialists in hospitals (23%), and general practitioners (17%), and the latter showed the highest levels of job satisfaction. Physicians who changed position during the period (n = 176) experienced an increase in job satisfaction from 49.5 (SD = 8.4) in 2003 to 52.9 (SD = 7.5) in 2008 (paired t test, t = 5.2, p < 0.001). Job satisfaction remained unchanged for physicians who stayed in the same position. There was also an increase in satisfaction among those who changed from positions other than senior house officer at T1 (p < 0.01). The significant adjusted predictor variables in the multiple regression model were the change in position from senior house officer at T1 to any other position (β = 2.83, p < 0.001), any change in job position (from any position except SHO at T1) (β = 4.18, p < 0.01) and reduction in work-home interface stress (β = 1.04, p < 0.001). Conclusions The physicians experienced an increase in job satisfaction over a five-year period, which was predicted by a change in job position and a reduction in work-home stress. This study has implications with respect to career advice for young doctors.

• Hrubos-Strøm, Harald; Nordhus, Inger Hilde; Einvik, Gunnar; Randby, Anna; Omland, Torbjørn & Sundet, Kjetil Søren [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2012). Obstructive sleep apnea, verbal memory, and executive function in a community-based high-risk population identified by the Berlin Questionnaire Akershus Sleep Apnea Project. Sleep and Breathing. ISSN 1520-9512. 16(1), s. 223–231. doi: 10.1007/s11325-011-0493-1. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Purpose: Cognitive functions in community-dwelling adults at high risk of obstructive sleep apnea have not been described and nor are associations between cognitive functions and obstructive sleep apnea severity fully understood. The study aimed to describe verbal memory and executive function in community-dwelling adults identified by the Berlin Questionnaire and to investigate associations between these cognitive domains and different obstructive sleep apnea severity indicators. Methods: Among 29,258 age- and gender-stratified persons 30–65 years who received the Berlin Questionnaire by mail, 16,302 (55.7%) responded. From 654 randomly drawn respondents with BQ high risk who were approached for study participation, 290 participants (55.9% males, mean age 48.2 years) were included. Verbal memory was assessed by Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test and executive function by Stroop test. Obstructive sleep apnea severity indicators were assessed by polysomnography. Results: Mean (standard deviation) verbal learning score was 42.0 (8.9), mean interference time was 31.1 (12.7), median (25th percentile, 75th percentile) apnea–hypopnea index was 7.7 (2.4–22.2), and mean average oxygen saturation was 94.3 (2.0). Verbal learning score was independently associated with average oxygen saturation (β = 0.721, p = 0.025) in multivariate linear regression models adjusted for putative confounders. Interference time was only related to OSA severity indicators in bivariate analyses. Conclusions: Verbal memory and executive function impairments were mild in community-dwelling adults at high risk of obstructive sleep apnea. Average oxygen saturation was the indicator of obstructive sleep apnea severity most strongly associated with cognitive function.

• Hrubos-Strøm, Harald; Einvik, Gunnar; Nordhus, Inger Hilde; Randby, Anna; Pallesen, Ståle & Moum, Torbjørn Åge [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2012). Sleep apnoea, anxiety, depression and somatoform pain: a community-based high-risk sample. European Respiratory Journal. ISSN 0903-1936. 40(2), s. 400–407. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00111411. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Aasvang, Gunn Marit; Øverland, Britt; Ursin, Reidun & Moum, Torbjørn (2011). A field study of effects of road traffic and railway noise on polysomnographic sleep parameters. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. ISSN 0001-4966. 129(6), s. 3716–3726. doi: 10.1121/1.3583547. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Moum, Torbjørn & Wiese, Ragna Veslemøy (2011). Subjektivt velvære som velferdsindikator og velferdsmål. Tidsskrift for velferdsforskning. ISSN 0809-2052. 14(3), s. 138–149. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Jonsbu, Egil; Dammen, Toril; Morken, Gunnar; Moum, Torbjørn & Martinsen, Egil Wilhelm (2011). Short-term cognitive behavioral therapy for non-cardiac chest pain and benign palpitations: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. ISSN 0022-3999. 70(2), s. 117–123. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2010.09.013. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Andersson, Thea; Lunde, Ole Christian; Johnson, Egil; Moum, Torbjørn & Nesbakken, Arild (2011). Long-term functional outcome and quality of life after restorative proctocolectomy with ileo-anal anastomosis for colitis. Colorectal Disease. ISSN 1462-8910. 13(4), s. 431–437. doi: 10.1111/j.1463-1318.2009.02163.x. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Urstad, Kristin Hjorthaug; Andersen, Marit Helen; Øyen, Ole; Moum, Torbjørn & Wahl, Astrid Klopstad (2011). Patients' level of knowledge measured five days after kidney transplantation. Clinical Transplantation. ISSN 0902-0063. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-0012.2010.01355.x. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Borge, Christine Råheim; Wahl, Astrid Klopstad & Moum, Torbjørn (2011). Pain and quality of life with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Heart & Lung. ISSN 0147-9563. 40(3), s. 90–101. doi: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2010.10.009. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Moum, Torbjørn & Mastekaasa, Arne (2011). Kan livskvalitet studeres empirisk? I Næss, Siri; Eriksen, John & Moum, Torbjørn (Red.), Livskvalitet. Forskning om det gode liv. Fagbokforlaget. ISSN 9788245012101. s. 52–68. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Grotmol, Kjersti Støen; Ekeberg, Øivind; Finset, Arnstein; Gude, Tore; Moum, Torbjørn & Vaglum, Per Jørgen Wiggen [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2010). Parental Bonding and Self-Esteem as Predictors of Severe Depressive Symptoms A 10-Year Follow-Up Study of Norwegian Physicians. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. ISSN 0022-3018. 198(1), s. 22–27. doi: 10.1097/NMD.0b013e3181c8189c. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Sagen, Ulrike; Finset, Arnstein; Moum, Torbjørn; Mørland, Tore; Vik, Tom Gunnar & Nagy, Tibor [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2010). Early detection of patients at risk for anxiety, depression and apathy after stroke. General Hospital Psychiatry. ISSN 0163-8343. 32(1), s. 80–85. doi: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2009.10.001. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Aarønæs, Marit; Aakhus, Svend; Aass, Halfdan; Moum, Torbjørn; Wergeland, Ragnhild & Gullestad, Lars [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2010). Assessment of response criteria to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) and prediction of response. Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal. ISSN 1401-7431. 44(6), s. 337–345. doi: 10.3109/14017431.2010.508537. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Leiknes, Kari Ann; Finset, Arnstein & Moum, Torbjørn (2010). Commonalities and differences between the diagnostic groups: Current somatoform disorders, anxiety and/or depression, and musculoskeletal disorders. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. ISSN 0022-3999. 68(5), s. 439–446. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2010.02.003. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Johannsdottir, Inga Maria Rinvoll; Hjermstad, Marianne Jensen; Moum, Torbjørn; Wesenberg, Finn; Hjorth, Lars & Schrøder, Henrik [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2010). Social outcomes in young adult survivors of low incidence childhood cancerns. Journal of cancer survivorship. ISSN 1932-2259. 4(2), s. 110–118. doi: 10.1007/s11764-009-0112-3. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Rohde, Gudrun-Elin; Haugeberg, Glenn; Mengshoel, Anne Marit; Moum, Torbjørn & Wahl, Astrid Klopstad (2010). Two-year changes in quality of life in elderly patients with low-energy hip fractures. A case-control study. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. 11. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-11-226. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background The long-term effect of hip fracture on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and global quality of life (GQOL) has not been thoroughly studied in prospective case-control studies. Aims a) to explore whether patients with low-energy hip fracture regain their pre-fracture levels in HRQOL and GQOL compared with changes in age- and sex-matched controls over a two year period; b) to identify predictors of changes in HRQOL and GQOL after two years. Methods We examined 61 patients (mean age = 74 years, SD = 10) and 61 matched controls (mean age = 73 years, SD = 8). The Short Form 36 assessed HRQOL and the Quality of Life Scale assessed GQOL. Paired samples t tests and multiple linear regression analyses were applied. Results HRQOL decreased significantly between baseline and one-year follow-up in patients with hip fractures, within all the SF-36 domains (p < 0.04), except for social functioning (p = 0.091). There were no significant decreases within the SF-36 domains in the controls. Significantly decreased GQOL scores (p < 0.001) were observed both within patients and within controls between baseline and one-year follow-up. The same pattern persisted between baseline and two-year follow-up, except for the HRQOL domain mental health (p = 0.193). The patients with hip fractures did not regain their HRQOL and GQOL. Worsened physical health after two years was predicted by being a patient with hip fracture (B = -5.8, p < 0.001) and old age (B = -1.0, p = 0.015), while worsened mental health was predicted by co-morbidity (B = -2.2, p = 0.029). No significant predictors of differential changes in GQOL were identified. Conclusion A hip fracture has a long-term impact on HRQOL and is a strong predictor of worsened physical health. Our data emphasize the importance of preventing hip fracture in the elderly to maintain physical health. This knowledge should be included in decision-making and health care plans.

• Borge, Christine Råheim; Wahl, Astrid Klopstad & Moum, Torbjørn (2010). Association of breathlessness with multiple symptoms in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Journal of Advanced Nursing. ISSN 0309-2402. 66(12), s. 2688–2700. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2010.05447.x. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Sagen, Ulrike; Finset, Arnstein; Moum, Torbjørn; Mørland, Tore; Vik, Tom Gunnar & Nagy, Tibor [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2009). Early detection of patients at risk for anxiety, depression and apathy after stroke. General Hospital Psychiatry. ISSN 0163-8343. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Sagen, Ulrike; Vik, TG; Moum, Torbjørn; Morland, T; Finset, Arnstein & Dammen, Toril (2009). Screening for anxiety and depression after stroke: Comparison of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Montgomery and Asberg Depression Rating Scale. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. ISSN 0022-3999. 67(4), s. 325–332. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2009.03.007. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Andersson, Thea; Lunde, OC; Johnson, Egil; Moum, Torbjørn & Nesbakken, Arild (2009). Long-term functional outcome and quality of life after restorative proctocolectomy with ileo-anal anastomosis for colitis. Colorectal Disease. ISSN 1462-8910. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Rohde, Gudrun-Elin; Mengshoel, Anne Marit; Wahl, Astrid Klopstad; Moum, Torbjørn & Haugeberg, Glenn (2009). Is Health-related quality of life associated with the risk of low-energy wrist fracture: a case-control study. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. 10, s. 80–80. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-10-80. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background Some risk factors for low-energy wrist fracture have been identified. However, self-reported measures such as health-related quality of life (HRQOL) have not been examined as potential risk factors for wrist fracture. The aims of this study were to compare HRQOL prior to a low-energy wrist fracture in elderly patients (≥ 50 years) with HRQOL in age- and sex-matched controls, and to explore the association between HRQOL and wrist fracture after adjusting for known risk factors for fracture such as age, weight, osteoporosis and falls. Methods Patients with a low-energy wrist fracture (n = 181) and age- and sex-matched controls (n = 181) were studied. Shortly after fracture (median 10 days), patients assessed their HRQOL before fracture using the Short Form 36 (SF-36). Statistical tests included t tests and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results Several dimensions of HRQOL were significantly associated with wrist fracture. The direction of the associations with wrist fracture varied between the different sub-dimensions of the SF-36. After controlling for demographic and clinical variables, higher scores on general health (odds ratio (OR) = 1.31, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.10–1.56), bodily pain (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.03–1.34) and mental health (OR = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.09–1.79) were related to an increased chance of being a wrist fracture patient rather than a control. In contrast, higher scores on physical role limitation (OR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.79–0.95) and social function (OR = 0.65, 95% CI 0.53–0.80) decreased this chance. Significant associations with wrist fracture were also found for living alone (OR = 1.91, 95% CI 1.07–3.4), low body mass index (BMI) (OR = 0.92, 95% CI 0.86–0.98), osteoporosis (OR = 3.30, 95% CI 1.67–6.50) and previous falls (OR = 2.01, 95% CI 1.16–3.49). Conclusion Wrist fracture patients perceive themselves to be as healthy as the controls before fracture. Our data indicate that patients with favourable and unfavourable HRQOL measures may be at increased risk of wrist fracture.

• Rohde, Gudrun-Elin; Haugeberg, Glenn; Mengshoel, Anne Marit; Moum, Torbjørn & Wahl, Astrid Klopstad (2009). No long-term impact of low-energy distal radius fracture on health-related quality of life and global quality of life: a case control. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. 10, s. 106–106. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-10-106. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background Changes in patient-reported outcomes like health related quality of life (HRQOL) and global quality of life (GQOL) in patients with low-energy distal radius fracture might be related to fracture, or be within the normal range of variation in an elderly population. Hence, the present study aims to examine: Whether patients with low-energy distal radius fracture attain their pre-fracture levels in HRQOL and GQOL one year after the fracture and compare these levels with age- and sex-matched controls; and whether objective factors predict changes in HRQOL and GQOL during the same one year period. Methods We examined 160 patients and 169 age- and sex matched controls, respectively (mean ± SD) 67 ± 9 and 66 ± 9 years of age. HRQOL was assessed by the Modified Health Assessment Questionnaire (MHAQ) and the Short–Form 36 (SF-36). The Quality of Life Scale (QOLS) assessed GQOL. Paired sample t-tests and multiple linear regression analyses were applied. Results After one year no differences were found in HRQOL (assessed as arm functions, physical health and mental health) compared to pre-fracture level in the patient group. Both patients with distal radius fracture and controls reported a reduced GQOL after one year (p < 0.001). Low-energy distal radius fracture did not predict worsened HRQOL or GQOL one year after inclusion, and few predictors of changes were identified. Worsened arm function was predicted by low BMI (B = -0.20, p = 0.019) at baseline, worsened physical health was predicted by low education (B = 1.37, p = 0.017) at baseline, and living with someone predicted worsened mental health (B = 2.85, p = 0.009) Conclusion Patients with a distal radius fracture seem to manage well despite the fracture, and distal radius fracture is not an independent predictor of worsened HRQOL and GQOL.

• Iversen, Marjolein M; Midthjell, Kristian; Tell, Grethe S; Moum, T; Østbye, Truls & Nortvedt, MW [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2009). The association between history of diabetic foot ulcer, perceived health and psychological distress. The Nord-Trøndelag Health Study. BMC Endocrine Disorders. 18. doi: 10.1186/1472-6823-9-18. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background While the adverse impact of a history of a foot ulcer on physical health among persons with diabetes is well known, little is known about the association between foot ulcer, perceived health and psychological distress. Results from various studies are difficult to compare as different study designs, samples and/or different questionnaires have been used. The aim of this study was to compare levels of anxiety and depression, psychological well-being and perceived health between persons with diabetes, with or without a history of foot ulcer, and persons without diabetes in a large study of community-dwelling individuals. Methods This study included 65,126 persons, of whom 63,632 did not have diabetes, 1,339 had diabetes without a history of foot ulcer and 155 had diabetes and a history of foot ulcer. Levels of anxiety and depression were assessed by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Psychological well-being was measured on a four-item scale, and perceived health was measured with a one-item question. We investigated whether levels of anxiety, depression, psychological well-being and perceived health were different in the three study groups using multiple regression models controlling for demographic factors, body mass index, smoking and cardiovascular conditions. Separate multivariate analyses comparing the two diabetes samples were additionally adjusted for diabetes-specific variables. Results A history of foot ulcer was significantly associated with more depressive symptoms, poorer psychological well-being and poorer perceived health compared to participants without diabetes. In multivariate analyses, perceived health and psychological well-being were significantly poorer among those with a history of foot ulcer compared to those without diabetes. Among persons with diabetes, perceived health was significantly worse among those with a history of foot ulcer. After multivariate adjustment, levels of anxiety and depression and psychological well-being did not differ between the two diabetes groups. Conclusion Perceived health and psychological well-being were significantly poorer among participants with diabetes and a history of foot ulcer compared to those without diabetes. Among people with diabetes, a history of foot ulcer had significant negative impact on perceived health but did not independently contribute to psychological distress.

• Lerdal, Anners; Gulowsen, Elisabeth & Moum, Torbjørn (2009). Perceptions of illness and its development in patients with multiple sclerosis: a prospective cohort study. Journal of Advanced Nursing. ISSN 0309-2402. 65(1), s. 184–192. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  In addition to patients' physical impairment, healthcare workers should pay special attention to issues related to their social functioning.

• Iversen, Marjolein M; Midthjell, Kristian; Tell, Grethe S.; Moum, Torbjørn; Østbye, Truls & Nortvedt, Monica W [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2009). The association between history of diabetic foot ulcer, perceived health and psychological distress: the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study. BMC Endocrine Disorders. 9, s. 18–18. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background While the adverse impact of a history of a foot ulcer on physical health among persons with diabetes is well known, little is known about the association between foot ulcer, perceived health and psychological distress. Results from various studies are difficult to compare as different study designs, samples and/or different questionnaires have been used. The aim of this study was to compare levels of anxiety and depression, psychological well-being and perceived health between persons with diabetes, with or without a history of foot ulcer, and persons without diabetes in a large study of community-dwelling individuals. Methods This study included 65,126 persons, of whom 63,632 did not have diabetes, 1,339 had diabetes without a history of foot ulcer and 155 had diabetes and a history of foot ulcer. Levels of anxiety and depression were assessed by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Psychological well-being was measured on a four-item scale, and perceived health was measured with a one-item question. We investigated whether levels of anxiety, depression, psychological well-being and perceived health were different in the three study groups using multiple regression models controlling for demographic factors, body mass index, smoking and cardiovascular conditions. Separate multivariate analyses comparing the two diabetes samples were additionally adjusted for diabetes-specific variables. Results A history of foot ulcer was significantly associated with more depressive symptoms, poorer psychological well-being and poorer perceived health compared to participants without diabetes. In multivariate analyses, perceived health and psychological well-being were significantly poorer among those with a history of foot ulcer compared to those without diabetes. Among persons with diabetes, perceived health was significantly worse among those with a history of foot ulcer. After multivariate adjustment, levels of anxiety and depression and psychological well-being did not differ between the two diabetes groups. Conclusion Perceived health and psychological well-being were significantly poorer among participants with diabetes and a history of foot ulcer compared to those without diabetes. Among people with diabetes, a history of foot ulcer had significant negative impact on perceived health but did not independently contribute to psychological distress.

• Iversen, Marjolein; Midthjell, Kristian; Tell, Grethe S; Moum, Torbjørn; Østbye, Truls & Nortvedt, Monica [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2009). The association between history of diabetic foot ulcer, perceived health and psychological distress: the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study. BMC Endocrine Disorders. 9, s. 18–18. doi: 10.1186/1472-6823-9-18. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background: While the adverse impact of a history of a foot ulcer on physical health among persons with diabetes is well known, little is known about the association between foot ulcer, perceived health and psychological distress. Results from various studies are difficult to compare as different study designs, samples and/or different questionnaires have been used. The aim of this study was to compare levels of anxiety and depression, psychological well-being and perceived health between persons with diabetes, with or without a history of foot ulcer, and persons without diabetes in a large study of community-dwelling individuals. Methods: This study included 65,126 persons, of whom 63,632 did not have diabetes, 1,339 had diabetes without a history of foot ulcer and 155 had diabetes and a history of foot ulcer. Levels of anxiety and depression were assessed by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Psychological well-being was measured on a four-item scale, and perceived health was measured with a one-item question. We investigated whether levels of anxiety, depression, psychological well-being and perceived health were different in the three study groups using multiple regression models controlling for demographic factors, body mass index, smoking and cardiovascular conditions. Separate multivariate analyses comparing the two diabetes samples were additionally adjusted for diabetes-specific variables. Results: A history of foot ulcer was significantly associated with more depressive symptoms, poorer psychological wellbeing and poorer perceived health compared to participants without diabetes. In multivariate analyses, perceived health and psychological well-being were significantly poorer among those with a history of foot ulcer compared to those without diabetes. Among persons with diabetes, perceived health was significantly worse among those with a history of foot ulcer. After multivariate adjustment, levels of anxiety and depression and psychological well-being did not differ between the two diabetes groups. Conclusion: Perceived health and psychological well-being were significantly poorer among participants with diabetes and a history of foot ulcer compared to those without diabetes. Among people with diabetes, a history of foot ulcer had significant negative impact on perceived health but did not independently contribute to psychological distress.

• Wahl, Astrid Klopstad; Rustøen, Tone; Rokne, Berit; Lerdal, Anners; Knudsen, Øistein & Miaskowski, Christine [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2009). The complexity of the relationship between chronic pain and quality of life: a study of the general Norwegian population. Quality of Life Research. ISSN 0962-9343. 18(8), s. 971–980. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  These findings support the assumption of a complex and indirect relationship between chronic pain and GQOL.

• Wahl, Astrid; Rustøen, Tone; Hanestad, Berit Rokne; Lerdal, Anners; Knudsen, Øistein & Miaskowski, Christine [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2009). The complexity of the relationship between chronic pain and quality of life: a study of the general Norwegian population. Quality of Life Research. ISSN 0962-9343. 18(8), s. 971–980. doi: 10.1007/s11136-009-9515-x. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hansen, T; Slagsvold, B & Moum, Torbjørn (2009). Childlessness and Psychological Well-Being in Midlife and Old Age: An Examination of Parental Status Effects Across a Range of Outcomes. Social Indicators Research. ISSN 0303-8300. 94(2), s. 343–362. doi: 10.1007/s11205-008-9426-1. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Valeberg, Berit Taraldsen; Hanestad, Berit Rokne; Hanestad, Berit Rokne; Klepstad, Pål; Miaskowski, Christine & Moum, Torbjørn [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2009). Cancer patients’ barriers to pain management and psychometric properties of the Norwegian version of the Barriers Questionnaire. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. ISSN 0283-9318. 23(3), s. 518–528. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-6712.2008.00639.x. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Lerdal, Anners; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen & Moum, Torbjørn (2009). Perceptions of illness and its development in patients with multiple sclerosis: a prospective cohort study. Journal of Advanced Nursing. ISSN 0309-2402. 65(1), s. 184–192. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2008.04862.x. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Ribu, Lis; Birkeland, K; Hanestad, Berit Rokne; Hanestad, BR; Moum, T & Rustoen, T [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2008). A longitudinal study of patients with diabetes and foot ulcers and their health-related quality of life: wound healing and quality-of-life changes. Journal of Diabetes and its Complications (JDC). ISSN 1056-8727. 22(6), s. 400–407. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2007.06.006. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv

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• Næss, Siri; Eriksen, John & Moum, Torbjørn (2011). Livskvalitet. Forskning om det gode liv. Fagbokforlaget. ISBN 9788245012101. 270 s. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv

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• Bache-Mathiesen, Lena Kristin; Moum, Torbjørn; Tyssen, Reidar & Breivik, Jarle (2026). Distinct and Narrow Personality Profile of Norwegian Medical Students: Implications of the National Admissions System. doi: https:/www.researchgate.net/publication/414086234_Distinct_and_Narrow_Personality_Profile_of_Norwegian_Medical_Students_Implications_of_the_National_Admissions_System. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background --- Medical school admissions shape the physician workforce. Norway admits students exclusively by GPA. With no selection for suitability and professional attitude, combined with free education and low attrition, the admitted cohorts are largely shaped by who chooses to apply. To explore this effect, we characterised personality traits of medical students at the University of Oslo and compared them with the Norwegian population and published samples from medical schools in other countries. --- Summary of Work --- Newly admitted medical students (2022–2025; mean age 22.1, 67% female) completed the BFI-20S (four cohorts, n=436, 91% response) and the MBTI (five cohorts, n=532, 95% response) personality tests. BFI measured Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Neuroticism, and Openness. One-sample t-tests compared mean scores with Norwegian workers (n=6,372). MBTI classified respondents on four dichotomies combined into 16 personality types. Chi-squared tests compared distributions between U.S. (n=83) and South Korean (n=171) medical students and the Norwegian general population (n=159,468). --- Summary of Results --- On the BFI, Norwegian medical students scored higher on Agreeableness, mean 23.9 (SD=3.0), Conscientiousness, 22.7 (3.6); Extraversion, 20.3 (5.9); Openness, 18.7 (4.7), and Neuroticism, 13.0 (4.8), than general Norwegian workers (22.2, SD=3.4; 20.5, SD=3.6; 19.0 SD=4.8; 17.8 SD=4.7; 12.0, SD=4.5, respectively, p<0.001). Female students reported higher Neuroticism (Pearson’s r=0.2, p<0.001) and Agreeableness (r=0.1, p=0.010) than male students. --- MBTI classified most medical students as Extraverted (69%), Intuitive (58%), Feeling (67%), and Judging (78%). The ENFJ type (Protagonist, 21%) was significantly overrepresented compared with U.S. (2%) and South Korean (3%) medical students, and the Norwegian population (6%) (p<0.001). The most common types among women were ENFJ/ESFJ (27%/14%); among men, ENTJ/INTJ (26%/13%). ---Discussion and Conclusion --- The Norwegian admission system is associated with elevated levels of Conscientiousness and Agreeableness and large overrepresentations of ENFJ/ENTJ. Although these traits and types can be well-suited for medical practice, limited diversity in perspective, leadership styles, and coping strategies might have implications for the composition of the physician workforce and patient care. --- Take-home Message(s) --- The Norwegian GPA-only admission model is associated with a distinct and narrow spectrum of personalities, with potential implications for physician well-being, leadership representation, and personality diversity.

• Borge, Christine Råheim; Larsen, Marie Hamilton; Osborne, Richard H.; Aas, Eline; Andersen, Marit Helen & Moum, Torbjørn [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Health literacy-informed intervention reduces hospitalization and health economic costs, while improving health literacy, self-management, and quality of life in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Borge, Christine Råheim; Larsen, Marie Hamilton; Osborne, Richard H; Aas, Eline; Andersen, Marit Helen & Moum, Torbjørn [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Health literacy-informed intervention reduces hospitalization and health economic costs, while improving health literacy, self-management, and quality of life in COPD. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Jacobsen, Ellisiv Lærum; Bye, Asta; Aass, Nina Kathrine; Fosså, Sophie Dorothea; Grotmol, Kjersti Støen & Kaasa, Stein [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2017). Correction to: Norwegian reference values for the Short-Form Health Survey 36: development over time. Quality of Life Research. ISSN 0962-9343. s. 1–3. doi: 10.1007/s11136-017-1708-0. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Borge, Christine Råheim; Mengshoel, Anne Marit; Omenaas, Ernst; Moum, Torbjørn Åge; Ekman, Inger & Lein, Martha Pauline [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2016). Effektn på tung pust ved hjelp av pusteveiledning av pasienter med moderat og alvorlig kols -en dobbelblindet, randomisert kontrollstudie. BestPractice. Lungemedisin. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Moum, Torbjørn Åge (2015). Hva mener vi med levekår og livskvalitet, og hva vet vi? Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening (Tidsskriftet). ISSN 0029-2001. 135(7), s. 665–665. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.14.1564. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Borge, Christine Råheim; Moum, Torbjørn Åge; Austegard, Elise Lynn; Lein, Martha Pauline & Wahl, Astrid Klopstad (2013). Illness perception among people with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Borge, Christine Råheim; Wahl, Astrid Klopstad & Moum, Torbjørn Åge (2013). Multiple symptoms and quality of life in people with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Langeland, Eva; Robinson, Hilde Stendal; Moum, Torbjørn Åge; Larsen, Marie Hamilton & Wahl, Astrid Klopstad (2013). Positive mental health among people with psoriasis. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Langeland, Eva; Robinson, Hilde Stendal; Moum, Torbjørn Åge; Larsen, Marie Hamilton & Wahl, Astrid Klopstad (2013). Positive mental health among people with psoriasis. Quality of Life Research. ISSN 0962-9343. 22, s. 10–11. doi: 10.1007/s11136-013-0543-1. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Langeland, Eva; Robinson, Hilde Stendal; Larsen, Marie Hamilton; Polesie, Anne Lene Krogstad; Moum, Torbjørn Åge & Wahl, Astrid Klopstad (2012). Sense of coherence among people with psoriasis. Quality of Life Research. ISSN 0962-9343. 21, s. 81–82. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Aims: The aims for the present study is to investigate Sense of Coherence (SOC); the central concept in salutogenesis and its relation to people with psoriasis by exploring the effect on SOC as a result of climate therapy and investigate factors that predict change in SOC among people with psoriasis. Method: The present study has a prospective design, including a baseline assessment and one follow up in relation to a 3 week climate therapy program. A total of 254 adults with psoriasis participated. SOC was measured by the Sense of Coherence questionnaire (SOC-13), illness perception by using the Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R) and positive and active engagement in life was measured by the positive and active engagement subscale from the Health Education Impact Questionnaire (HeiQ) (all Norwegian versions). To evaluate possible change in SOC score from baseline to follow-up paired samples T-test was performed. With regard to investigate the predictive value of illness perception versus positive and active engagement in life on SOC, multiple linear regression analysis was used. Results: SOC improved significantly before to after climate therapy. Results show a significant statistical change (p < 0.001) in SOC from baseline to follow-up with a difference of 2.6, (95% C.I: 1.6-3.6). Furthermore, the attitude of positive and active engagement in life (standardized beta coefficient .22, P =. 0.002) and illness perception –coherence dimension (standardized beta coefficient .15, P =. 0.04) predict change in SOC. Conclusion: This is the first study that investigates the effect on SOC as a result of climate therapy. SOC significantly improved before to after climate therapy. Further the results indicate that improving positive and active engagement in life and a coherent understanding of the illness might provide important opportunities to improve SOC among people with psoriasis. We need more studies that investigate SOC among people with psoriasis undergoing climate therapy and what factors that predict positive change in SOC.

• Langeland, Eva; Robinson, Hilde Stendal; Larsen, Marie Hamilton; Polesie, Anne Lene Krogstad; Moum, Torbjørn Åge & Wahl, Astrid Klopstad (2012). Sense of coherence among people with psoriasis. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Borge, Christine Råheim; Moum, Torbjørn Åge & Wahl, Astrid Klopstad (2012). Smerter hos personer med KOLS. BestPractice nordic. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Grotmol, Kjersti Støen; Gude, Tore; Moum, Torbjørn Åge; Vaglum, Per Jørgen Wiggen & Tyssen, Reidar (2012). Work related stress and severe depressive symptoms. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Grotmol, Kjersti Støen; Gude, Tore; Moum, Torbjørn; Vaglum, Per Jørgen Wiggen & Tyssen, Reidar (2011). Medical school predictors of severe depressive symptoms. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Rohde, Gudrun-Elin; Haugeberg, Glenn; Mengshoel, Anne Marit; Moum, Torbjørn Åge & Wahl, Astrid Klopstad (2009). Low-energy hip fracture a predictor of long term decreased health related quality of life in elderly. A prospective 2 year case control study”. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Siqveland, Johan; Moum, Torbjørn Åge & Leiknes, Kari Ann (2016). Måleegenskaper ved den norske versjonen av Symptom Checklist 90 Revidert (SCL-90-R). Folkehelseinstituttet. ISSN 9788280827883. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Aasvang, Gunn Marit & Moum, Torbjørn (2010). Effects of transportation noise on sleep. Assessment of nighttime noise exposure from railway and road traffic and effects on self-reported sleep and sleep assessed by polysomnography. Unipub forlag. ISSN 9788280723888. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv

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