Grethe Månum

• Vege, Kristine Marie Mamen; Månum, Grethe; Sunnerhagen, Katharina Stibrant & Becker, Frank (2026). MEDICAL COMPLICATIONS IN CHILDREN WITH CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM INJURIES DURING INPATIENT REHABILITATION. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. ISSN 1650-1977. 58. doi: 10.2340/jrm.v58.44907. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Objective: To investigate the occurrence and consequences of medical complications during inpatient rehabilitation of children with central nervous system (CNS) injury. Design: A prospective observational study conducted at a tertiary rehabilitation centre. Subjects: Participants aged 2 to 17 years with acquired CNS injury requiring multidisciplinary inpatient rehabilitation. Methods: Data were collected from medical charts and questionnaires on admission and discharge, assessing predefined complications and associated impacts on the rehabilitation process. Results: Of the 64 participants, 59 experienced a total of 183 instances of medical complications, comprising 19 distinct complication types. Most common were sleep disturbances, pain, -constipation, anaemia, infections, spasticity, and malnutrition. No significant correlation was observed between the occurrence of complications and age, gender, or diagnosis group. In total, 74% of the complications were found to have no impact on the rehabilitation process; however, malnutrition, infections, and spasticity could notably lead to interrupted or prolonged stays, altered rehabilitation goals, and worsened functional prognoses. Conclusion: Medical complications frequently occur during inpatient rehabilitation. While many have no significant consequences, malnutrition, infections, and spasticity in particular warrant further attention clinically and in future research.

• Månum, Grethe; Gjessing, Berit Sundberg; Hæhre, Ellen; Jahnsen, Reidun Birgitta; Nyquist, Astrid & Ullenhag, Anna (2025). Empowering autonomy: exploring the transfer of lessons learned from group-based rehabilitation to everyday life for young adults with disabilities. Disability and Rehabilitation. ISSN 0963-8288. s. 1–16. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2025.2575113. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Purpose To explore the rehabilitation experiences of young adults with disabilities, and identify key factors for their successful transition and integration into home and everyday life. Material and methods A prospective qualitative longitudinal study with two semistructured individual interviews was conducted. The study included young adults with physical disabilities who were able to communicate verbally. The participants underwent two inpatient rehabilitation stays, including daily schedules of 3–5 h of physical, social, and life skill activities six days a week. An individualized goal-oriented plan was employed during their subsequent at-home period, with digital follow-up and collaboration with local service providers as support. All interviews were transcribed and underwent inductive content analysis. Results Fifteen young adults (17–29 years old, ten women) participated. Three main themes emerged: expectations, experiences and challenges during and after the inpatient rehabilitation stay, and important factors for successful transfer to home life. The results demonstrated improvements in the participants’ physical, self-management and social skills, but also challenges in transferring them to everyday life. Conclusions A coordinated support system involving family, volunteers, specialist health care and local service providers is essential for fostering a healthy lifestyle and participation for young adults with disabilities in various life arenas.

• Sundet, Anja Schanke; Løvstad, Marianne; Havnes, Ingrid Amalia; Andelic, Nada; Ustvedt, Caroline & Månum, Grethe [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2025). Rates and temporal onset of mental health disorders during inpatient rehabilitation after acute physical injury or illness: An observational cohort study. PLOS ONE. 20(12). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0338207. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Purpose Patients exposed to acute injury or illness are at increased risk of developing mental health disorders, and at the same time, mental health disorders increase the risk for injury and illness. This study aimed to determine the rate and onset of mental health disorders in a mixed patient group receiving inpatient specialized rehabilitation following acute physical injury or illness and to assess whether mental health disorders emerged before or after the injury or illness. Methods Patients were recruited over a one-year period (2020–2021) during inpatient rehabilitation. To follow the patients` lifetime history of psychiatric morbidity, mental health disorders, including substance use disorders, were assessed using the M.I.N.I Plus structured diagnostic interview over two periods: 1) retrospective report of mental health disorders before injury or illness and 2) mental health disorders present during rehabilitation. In the latter case, we also took into account whether the condition was present at the time of injury or illness. Demographic and injury data were retrieved from medical charts, patient interviews, and the Oslo University Hospital Trauma Registry. Results The study included 130 patients, of whom 49% had a lifetime history, and 38% met the diagnostic criteria for one or more mental health disorders during inpatient rehabilitation. Specifically, the vast majority (72%) of patients with a current disorder had the condition already at the time of injury or illness. Only 5% developed a mental health disorder after injury or illness without having a lifetime history. Conclusion Mental health disorders are common and often predate patients physical injury or illness. Assessing patients` mental health in the sub-acute phase, without considering their mental health history, and especially their mental state at the time of injury or illness, may lead to an overestimation of injury or illness’s impact on mental health.

• Vege, Kristine Marie Mamen; Månum, Grethe; Sunnerhagen, Katharina Stibrant & Becker, Frank (2025). Paediatric Moderate to Severe Injury to the Central Nervous System: Patients' and Caregivers' Experiences of Medical Complications and Related Healthcare Needs. Child: Care, Health and Development. ISSN 0305-1862. 51(4). doi: 10.1111/cch.70137. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  ABSTRACT Purpose Few studies describe medical complications after central nervous injury in children and adolescents as a whole, with a focus on their consequences for patients and their caregivers. This study explores the frequency and effects of medical complications on such children and youth, as well as their caregivers, after discharge from a tertiary rehabilitation centre. Materials and Methods This questionnaire‐based study included 151 patients aged 2–18 years admitted to a tertiary rehabilitation centre due to acquired injury to the central nervous system in the years 2016–2021. Results Seventy answers were retrieved between 11 and 85 months post‐injury. The majority of the patients (67%) had experienced medical complications following their central nervous system injury. The most frequent complications were sleep difficulties (39%), pain (26%), spasticity (26%), constipation (22%) and overweight (17%). There were no substantial differences related to gender, age, or diagnosis group. Frequency of complications and length of rehabilitation stay were associated with an increase of 4% for each additional day of admission. Those reporting medical complications more frequently used medication for the same complications during subacute rehabilitation. They also tended to have more serious injuries. Just above a quarter of those reporting medical complications needed hospital admission and/or surgery, while the majority could be treated at a lower healthcare level. The majority answered that the complications were time consuming and had consequences for the ability to perform everyday tasks and the capacity to participate in leisure activities. The complications' psychological impact was also highlighted. Conclusion Medical complications occur frequently in children/youth who have sustained an injury to the central nervous system that requires inpatient rehabilitation. They have consequences for multiple aspects of the patient's life, even years after discharge from the rehabilitation institution.

• Klund-Hansen, Sandra Linnea; Opheim, Arve Isak; Gjøvaag, Terje; Lundgaard, Eivind; Månum, Grethe & RENNIE, LINDA (2025). A 16-year follow-up of walking function, fatigue, and pain in adults aged 34–65 years with spastic cerebral palsy. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. ISSN 1650-1977. 57, s. 43295–43295. doi: 10.2340/jrm.v57.43295. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Objective: This study aimed to describe the long-term changes in walking function, fatigue, and pain in adults with cerebral palsy. Design: A 16-year follow-up study with paired comparisons. Subjects: Adults with spastic cerebral palsy (n = 29) from a baseline study in 2008. Methods: The mean age at follow-up was 50 (standard deviation 10) years. Primary outcomes: Gait Deviation Index, 6 Minute Walk Test, Timed-Up-and-Go test, walking speed, Fatigue Severity Scale, and bodily pain (visual analogue scale, 0–100). Paired samples t-test (Wilcoxon signed rank test for non-parametric data) was used to assess differences between baseline and follow-up. Between-group differences were analysed using an independent samples t-test (Mann–Whitney U test for non-parametric data). Results: Mean gait pattern deviations significantly (p-value = < 0.001) increased at follow-up compared with baseline for the full cohort. Walking speed decreased for the full cohort (–0.08 m/sec, p-value = 0.022), due to the bilateral group (–0.13 m/sec, p-value = 0.006). Walking capacity was maintained for the full cohort but decreased (mean diff: –84m, p-value = 0.035) for the bilateral group. Fatigue remained stable (p-value = 0.888). Pain decreased (p-value = 0.025) for the whole group, primarily due to the unilateral group (mean diff: 14 points on visual analogue scale, p-value = 0.031). Conclusions: Gait pattern deviations increased for adults with cerebral palsy during this 16-year follow-up. Walking speed and capacity decreased for the bilateral group but were maintained for the unilateral group. Fatigue symptoms were high at baseline but did not change across this follow-up. Pain decreased, similar to the general population.

• Vege, Kristine Marie Mamen; Månum, Grethe; Sunnerhagen, Kathrina Stibrant & Becker, Frank (2025). Medical complications after acquired pediatric injury to the Central nervous system: a scoping review. Disability and Rehabilitation. ISSN 0963-8288. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2025.2526704. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Purpose This scoping review aims to give an overview of the literature describing medical complications in children from 2 to 17 years, arising in the subacute and chronic phases after pediatric CNS injury, and to identify knowledge gaps on the subject. Methods Our scoping review of publications in databases Embase and Medline follows the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). Results We identified 11,497 articles published from 2000 to 2024. Initial screening reduced these to 1,220, which were reviewed in full-text, resulting in inclusion of 373 publications. Acquired brain injury was the most common CNS injury, with neoplastic etiology as the dominating subgroup. The majority of the articles were retrospective studies and case studies. Most publications reported one complication, and comprehensive approaches were scarce. Epilepsy and endocrine disturbances were the most frequently reported complications in brain injury patients, and scoliosis and pressure ulcers predominated in the spinal cord injury group. Conclusion Despite a broad literature on the current topic, more longitudinal studies are needed, especially studies with a comprehensive approach to the medical complications that can occur after the acute phase in children with CNS injury.

• Røe, Cecilie; Gutenbrunner, Christoph; Bökel, Andrea; Kirkevold, Marit; Nugraha, Boya & Andelic, Nada [Vis alle 15 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Proposed categories for reporting of service organization in rehabilitation in clinical trials: a discussion paper. European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine. ISSN 1973-9087. 60(6), s. 1070–1077. doi: 10.23736/S1973-9087.24.08494-6. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  BACKGROUND: The lack of standardized reporting for crucial organizational factors in rehabilitation poses a significant barrier to understanding their impact on patient outcomes in clinical trials and meta-analyses. AIM: Based on the categories in the International Classification of Service Organization in Rehabilitation (ICSO-R 2.0), we aimed to develop reporting standards specifically for organizational factors in clinical trial METHODS: A comprehensive two-step process was conducted. In Step 1, important categories were identified. The identification was based on previous results from a delphi survey with international stakeholder participation, two systematic literature reviews and results from focus groups with users in Germany, indonesia and Norway. step 2 involved the necessary reduction of categories and the proposal of reporting specifications, achieved through two voting rounds among key researchers, stakeholders and users. RESULTS: the suggested minimum reporting set comprises context and setting as well as Quality assurance and management. the context and setting is proposed to include whether the intervention is delivered by hospital, community or other service providers. the Mode of delivery is proposed to be specified as Inpatient, Outpatient, In-home, or Tele-rehabilitation. Furthermore, the Level of specialization (Primary/Secondary) and the phase of service delivery acute, subacute or long-term rehabilitation services should be reported. the Quality assurance and management should be reported as yes or No, with the option yes requiring description of the quality assurance applied in the methods section. CONCLUSIONS: this study proposed a compulsory and standardized reporting of organizational factors in clinical trials to facilitate the generation of scientific evidence regarding effective service provision and delivery in rehabilitation medicine. Authors are encouraged to consider the proposed reporting set to testing, criticism, and modification to enhance its applicability and robustness.

• Wong, Yih; Jervell, Ada Louise Heyerdahl; Månum, Grethe & Langhammer, Birgitta (2023). Upper limb practice with a dynamic hand orthosis to improve arm and hand function in people after stroke: a feasibility study. Pilot and Feasibility Studies. 9(12). doi: 10.1186/s40814-023-01353-8. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background Dynamic hand orthosis may help upper limb recovery by keeping the wrist and hand in an optimal position while executing a grasp. Our aim was to investigate the feasibility of combining a dynamic hand orthosis with task-oriented upper limb practice after stroke. Method Fifteen adult stroke survivors were recruited in a single-group, pre-post intervention study. They received 12 weeks of task-oriented upper limb training with a dynamic hand orthosis with 3 weeks supervised at a community rehabilitation unit followed by 9 weeks unsupervised at home. Feasibility was determined by recruitment (proportion of eligible/enrolled and enrolled/retained participants), intervention (adherence, acceptability, and safety) and meas- urement (time taken to collect outcomes and proportion of participants where all measures were collected). Clinical outcomes were measured at baseline (Week 0), end of Week 3 and Week 12. Results Fifteen (46%) of eligible volunteers were enrolled in the study. Eight (53%) of those enrolled completed the 12-week intervention. Eighty eight percent were satisfied or very satisfied with the dynamic hand orthosis. Clinical measures were collected for all participants at baseline and in all those who completed the intervention but often took over one hour to complete. At 12 weeks, participants had improved by 7 points out of 57 (95% CI 2 to 13) on the ARAT and by 8 points out of 66 (95% CI 0 to 15) on the FMA-UE. Conclusion The intervention appears to be feasible in terms of acceptability and safety, while recruitment and measurement need further consideration. The magnitude of the clinical outcomes suggests that the interven- tion has a potential to improve both upper limb activity and impairment, and this study provides useful information for the design of a pilot randomized trial.

• Fredwall, Svein Otto; Linge, Jennifer; Vries, Olga de; Leinhard, Olof Dahlqvist; Eggesbø, Heidi Beate & Weedon-Fekjær, Harald [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Fat infiltration in the thigh muscles is associated with symptomatic spinal stenosis and reduced physical functioning in adults with achondroplasia. Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases. 18(1). doi: 10.1186/s13023-023-02641-5. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background Symptomatic spinal stenosis is a prevalent complication in adults with achondroplasia. Increased muscle fat infiltration (MFI) and reduced thigh muscle volumes have also been reported, but the pathophysiology is poorly understood. We explored whether the increased MFI and reduced thigh muscle volumes were associated with the presence of symptomatic spinal stenosis and physical functioning. Methods MFI and thigh muscle volumes were assessed by MRI in 40 adults with achondroplasia, and compared to 80 average-statured controls, matched for BMI, gender, and age. In achondroplasia participants, the six-minute walk-test (6MWT), the 30-s sit-to-stand test (30sSTS), and a questionnaire (the IPAQ) assessed physical functioning. Results Symptomatic spinal stenosis was present in 25 of the participants (the stenosis group), while 15 did not have stenosis (the non-stenosis group). In the stenosis group, 84% (21/25) had undergone at least one spinal decompression surgery. The stenosis group had significantly higher MFI than the non-stenosis group, with an age-, gender and BMI-adjusted difference in total MFI of 3.3 percentage points (pp) (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.04 to 6.3 pp; p = 0.03). Compared to matched controls, the mean age-adjusted difference was 3.3 pp (95% CI 1.7 to 4.9 pp; p < 0.01). The non-stenosis group had MFI similar to controls (age-adjusted difference − 0.9 pp, 95% CI − 3.4 to 1.8 pp; p = 0.51). MFI was strongly correlated with the 6MWT (r = − 0.81, − 0.83, and − 0.86; all p-values < 0.01), and moderately correlated with the 30sSTS (r = − 0.56, − 0.57, and − 0.59; all p-values < 0.01). There were no significant differences in muscle volumes or physical activity level between the stenosis group and the non-stenosis group. Conclusion Increased MFI in the thigh muscles was associated with the presence of symptomatic spinal stenosis, reduced functional walking capacity, and reduced lower limb muscle strength. The causality between spinal stenosis, accumulation of thigh MFI, and surgical outcomes need further study. We have demonstrated that MRI might serve as an objective muscle biomarker in future achondroplasia studies, in addition to functional outcome measures. The method could potentially aid in optimizing the timing of spinal decompression surgery and in planning of post-surgery rehabilitation.

• Wong, Yih; Li, Chao-Jin-Zi; Ada, Louise; Zhang, Tong; Månum, Grethe & Langhammer, Birgitta (2022). Upper limb training with a dynamic hand orthosis in early subacute stroke: A pilot randomized trial. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. ISSN 1650-1977. 54:jrm00279(54), s. 1–6. doi: 10.2340/jrm.v54.2231. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Objectives: To investigate the effect of the addition of a dynamic hand orthosis to unilateral task-oriented training in early subacute stroke. Design: Pilot randomized trial with concealed allo cation, measurer blinding, and intention-to-treat analysis. Setting: Rehabilitation hospital. Participants: Thirty subacute stroke patients with moderate-to-severe upper limb disability. Intervention: All participants received 4 weeks (60 min per day, 5 days a week) of unilateral task-oriented training. The experimental group (n=15) wore a dynamic hand orthosis during half of the training time (i.e. 30 min per day). Outcome measures: Primary outcome was the upper limb activity measured using the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) measured at baseline and 4 weeks. Secondary outcomes were the Nine-hole Peg Test, Fugl-Meyer Assessment for upper extremity, grip strength, modified Ashworth Scale, Barthel Index and EuroQol-5D. Results: No difference between groups was found for the primary outcome ARAT (mean difference 4/57, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) –5 to 13) nor for any secondary outcome. Conclusion: No additional benefit was found of wearing a dynamic hand orthosis during unilateral task-oriented training in the early subacute period.

• Strøm, Vegard; Månum, Grethe; Arora, Mohit; Joseph, Conran; Kyriakides, Athanasios & Fort, Marc Le [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Physical Health Conditions in Persons with Spinal Cord Injury Across 21 Countries Worldwide. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. ISSN 1650-1977. 54, s. jrm00302–jrm00302. doi: 10.2340/jrm.v54.2040. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Objectives: To describe the 3-month prevalence and correlates of self-reported physical health conditions in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) worldwide.Study design: Multinational cross-sectional survey.Subjects: Community-living persons with traumatic or non-traumatic SCI aged &gt;18 years from 21 countries representing all the 6 World Health Organization regions.Methods: The study used data from 11,058 participants in the International SCI Community Survey (InSCI). The survey, based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Core Sets for SCI, was conducted in 2017–19 simultaneously in the participating countries. The health conditions were reported on a modified version of the SCI Secondary Conditions Scale.Results: Overall, 95.8% of the participants reported having experienced 1 or more health problems secondary to SCI. Having pain was the most prevalent problem (77.3%), followed by spasticity/muscle spasms (73.5%) and sexual dysfunction (71.3%), and the least prevalent was respiratory problems (28.8%). The participants reported a mean of 7.4 concurrent health conditions. Unmet healthcare needs, being a smoker, being a female, having a complete lesion, and a traumatic injury exhibited significant associations with comorbidity.Conclusion: Physical health problems secondary to SCI are extremely common worldwide and demand investment in appropriate management, medical care and preventative measures. LAY ABSTRACTMore than 500,000 people experience a spinal cord injury (SCI) every year. Because of the impairments of having SCI, many experience co-occurrence of additional health conditions, called comorbidity. This study describes the 3-month prevalence, and associated factors of self-reported physical health conditions secondary to SCI across 21 countries worldwide. The study uses data from 11,058 adults with SCI participating in the International SCI Community Survey in 2017–19. The results showed that physical health problems secondary to SCI are extremely common worldwide. Having pain, muscle spasms/spasticity, sexual dysfunction and bowel dysfunction were the most common, all with rates above 70%. The participants experienced a mean of 7 concurrent health conditions in addition to their SCI. Those reporting unmet healthcare needs, being a smoker, female, and having a complete lesion were most at risk for having comorbidity. These findings demand investment in appropriate management, medical care and preventative measures.

• Fredwall, Svein Otto; Øverland, Britt; Berdal, Hanne; Berg, Søren; Weedon-Fekjær, Harald & Lidal, Ingeborg Beate [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Obstructive sleep apnea in Norwegian adults with achondroplasia: a population-based study. Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases. 16. doi: 10.1186/s13023-021-01792-7. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background Previous studies have found a high prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children with achondroplasia, but clinical studies on this complication in adults with achondroplasia are lacking. Objectives This population-based, cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence, severity, and predictive factors of OSA in Norwegian adults with achondroplasia. Methods We collected clinical data on 49 participants. Participants without a preexisting diagnosis of OSA had an overnight sleep registration. OSA was defined as an apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) ≥ 5 plus characteristic clinical symptoms, or AHI ≥ 15. We used the Berlin Questionnaire to assess clinical symptoms of OSA. Results OSA was found in 59% (29/49) of the participants (95% confidence interval 44 to 73%), of whom 59% (17/29) had moderate to severe OSA (AHI ≥ 15), and 48% (14/29) were previously undiagnosed. Variables predictive of OSA were: excessive daytime sleepiness; unrested sleep; loud snoring; observed nocturnal breathing stops; hypertension; age > 40 years; and BMI > 30 kg/m2. Conclusion OSA was highly prevalent in Norwegian adults with achondroplasia, which we believe is representative of this population worldwide. Follow-up of adults with achondroplasia should include assessment of symptoms and signs of OSA, with a low threshold for conducting an overnight sleep registration if findings suggestive of OSA are present.

• Fredwall, Svein Otto; Linge, Jennifer; Leinhard, Olof Dahlqvist; Kjønigsen, Lisa Jannicke; Eggesbø, Heidi Beate & Weedon-Fekjær, Harald [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Cardiovascular risk factors and body composition in adults with achondroplasia. Genetics in Medicine. ISSN 1098-3600. s. 1–8. doi: 10.1038/s41436-020-01024-6. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Slot, Wilma M.A.van der; Benner, Joyce L.; Brunton, Laura; Engel, Joyce M.; Gallien, Philippe & Hilberink, Sander R. [Vis alle 17 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Pain in adults with cerebral palsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data. Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine. ISSN 1877-0657. doi: 10.1016/j.rehab.2019.12.011. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background There is little focus on adults with cerebral palsy (CP) in research and health care and insufficient knowledge on how to identify and manage pain in this population. Objectives This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine whether pain prevalence in adults with CP is high and to explore variations in pain prevalence of subgroups, pain locations, pain severity and pain interference. Methods Potential datasets were identified by experts in the field and literature searches in Embase, MEDLINE, and Cochrane, from January 2000 to October 2016. Included studies had a representative sample of ≥ 25 adults with CP and ≥ 1 pain outcomes. Methodological quality assessment, pain prevalence estimates and logistic regression models for subgroup effects on pain prevalence were conducted. Results In total, 17 eligible studies were identified from 4584 publications. A meta-analysis was performed with individual participant data from 15 studies totalling 1243 participants (mean [SD] age 34.3 [12.6] years). Overall mean pain prevalence was 70% (95% CI 62–78). Women were more likely to have pain than men (P < 0.001). The odds of pain was increased in adults with gross motor function level II (odds ratio [OR] 1.92, 95% CI 1.22–3.12) and IV (OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.03–4.29). Participants with pain reported pain predominantly in the legs (76%, 95% CI 66–84), and mean pain severity was 3.7/10 (95% CI 2.7–4.7) and pain interference 3.5/10 (95% CI 2.5–4.5). Conclusions This meta-analysis provides the first reliable pain prevalence estimate in a large international sample of adults with CP. The high prevalence of pain, 70%, suggests that adults with CP should be routinely screened for pain and treated accordingly. The range of measurement instruments used by the included studies emphasizes using common outcome measures specific to pain internationally.

• Fredwall, Svein Otto; Steen, Unni; Vries, Olga de; Rustad, Cecilie; Eggesbø, Heidi Beate & Weedon-Fekjær, Harald [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). High prevalence of symptomatic spinal stenosis in Norwegian adults with achondroplasia: A population-based study. Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases. 15(123), s. 1–13. doi: 10.1186/s13023-020-01397-6. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background Symptomatic spinal stenosis (SSS) is a well-known medical complication in achondroplasia. The reported prevalence of SSS is 10 to 30%, an estimate based on small studies or selected populations. No population-based studies exist currently. Furthermore, the relationship between SSS and physical functioning has not been investigated in detail. The aims of this study were to describe the prevalence of SSS in Norwegian adults with achondroplasia, and to explore the impact of SSS on physical functioning. Methods This was a population-based study on Norwegian community-dwelling adults with genetically confirmed achondroplasia. Prevalence of SSS was defined by clinical symptoms, and confirmed by imaging or surgical reports. Physical functioning was assessed by walking capacity (6-min walk test), hand strength (Grippit), and activities of daily living (the Health Assessment Questionnaire, HAQ). Pain was assessed by pain site locations and intensity (Numeric Rating Scale, NRS). Results In total, 50 participants were included (27 males, 23 females). Median age was 41 years (range 16 to 87 years), 34 (68%) had SSS. The estimated median age at first symptom onset was 33 years (95% confidence interval (CI) 29 to 43 years), range 10 to 67 years. The majority had multiple spinal levels affected. The walking distance was 110 m shorter in the SSS group (95% CI − 172 to − 40 m) as compared with the non-SSS group (p < 0.01). There was no considerable difference in hand strength between the two groups. Mean HAQ scores (0–3) for walking and hygiene were significantly higher in the SSS group, reflecting more activity limitations. Mean differences were 0.9 (95% CI 0.3 to 1.4, p < 0.01) and 0.6 (95% CI 0.2 to 1.0, p < 0.01). Pain intensity (NRS 0–10) was also significantly higher in the SSS group with a mean difference of 3.2 (95% CI 0.6 to 5.6, p = 0.02). Conclusions SSS was highly prevalent in Norwegian adults with achondroplasia, with symptom onset at young age, and multiple spinal levels affected. The presence of SSS was associated with reduced walking distance, activity limitations, and more pain. The findings underline the importance of thorough assessment and monitoring of SSS in achondroplasia, including a formal assessment of physical functioning.

• Høye, Helene; Jahnsen, Reidun Birgitta; Løvstad, Marianne; Grøttland, Jeanette Hartveit; Sørli, Hilde & Tornås, Sveinung [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). A Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program via Group Video Conferencing for Adults With Cerebral Palsy ? A Pilot Study. Frontiers in Neurology. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00195. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Purpose: Adults with cerebral palsy experience challenges related to lifelong disability, such as stress, fatigue, pain and emotional issues. E-health services can be delivered regardless of residence and level of functioning. The aim of this pilot study was to explore the potential benefits and feasibility of a mindfulness-based program delivered to adults with cerebral palsy via group video conferencing. Methods: Six adults with cerebral palsy received an 8 week mindfulness group-based program via video conferencing. A multiple single-case study design was applied, including quantitative and qualitative elements. Pain was assessed 16 times through the study period. Questionnaires were administered to gather data on pain catastrophizing, stress, fatigue, emotional distress, positive and negative affect, and quality of life. A focus group interview addressed experiences with the intervention and the mode of delivery. Results: The participants' pain levels showed varied trajectories. Pain catastrophizing and negative affect were statistically significant decreased. Qualitative data indicated benefits from mindfulness in coping and stress management. The video conferencing delivery was evaluated as feasible, with no major adverse effects. Conclusion: Since the pilot study had a small sample size, potential treatment benefits should be interpreted with caution. However, this pilot study provides important information in the planning of future larger and controlled studies on mindfulness-based interventions programs via video conferencing for adults with cerebral palsy and other persons living with long-term disability.

• Wong, Yih; Ada, Louise; Wang, Rongrong; Månum, Grethe & Langhammer, Birgitta (2020). Self-administered, home-based, upper limb practice in stroke patients: A systematic review. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. ISSN 1650-1977. 52(10). doi: 10.2340/16501977-2738. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of self-administered, home-based, upper limb practice in improving upper limb activity after stroke. To compare structured home-based practice vs non-structured home-based practice. Methods: Databases were searched for randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trials using a pre-defined search strategy. Data were extracted from 15 studies involving 788 participants. The quality of included studies was assessed using the PEDro scale. The studies included an experimental group that received self-administered, home-based practice for upper limb activity limitations of any level of severity and any time after stroke, and a control group that received no intervention, or received non-structured home-based practice. Only measures of upper limb activity were investigated. Results: Self-administered, home-based practice did not improve activity compared with no intervention (standardized mean difference 0.00, 95% confidence interval; -0.47 to 0.48). There was no difference between structured and non-structured home-based practice in terms of upper limb activity (SMD -0.05, 95% CI -0.22 to 0.13). Conclusion: Existing self-administered, home-based practice is not more effective than no intervention in improving upper limb activity in chronic, severely disabled stroke survivors. Structured home-based practice is no more effective than non-structured home-based practice.

• Fredwall, Svein Otto; Månum, Grethe; Johansen, Heidi; Snekkevik, Hildegun; Savarirayan, Ravi & Lidal, Ingeborg Beate (2019). Current knowledge of medical complications in adults with achondroplasia: A scoping review. Clinical Genetics. ISSN 0009-9163. 97, s. 179–197. doi: 10.1111/cge.13542. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  This article provides an overview of the current knowledge on medical complications, health characteristics, and psychosocial issues in adults with achondroplasia. We have used a scoping review methodology particularly recommended for mapping and summarizing existing research evidence, and to identify knowledge gaps. The review process was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA‐ScR guidelines (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta‐Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews). The selection of studies was based on criteria predefined in a review protocol. Twenty‐nine publications were included; 2 reviews, and 27 primary studies. Key information such as reference details, study characteristics, topics of interest, main findings and the study author's conclusion are presented in text and tables. Over the past decades, there has only been a slight increase in publications on adults with achondroplasia. The reported morbidity rates and prevalence of medical complications are often based on a few studies where the methodology and representativeness can be questioned. Studies on sleep‐related disorders and pregnancy‐related complications were lacking. Multicenter natural history studies have recently been initiated. Future studies should report in accordance to methodological reference standards, to strengthen the reliability and generalizability of the findings, and to increase the relevance for implementing in clinical practice.

• Wisløff-Aase, Kristin; Ræder, Johan; Månum, Grethe; Løvstad, Marianne; Schanke, Anne-Kristine & Dyb, Grete [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Chronic pain among the hospitalized patients after the 22 july 2011 terror attacks in Oslo and at Utøya Island. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. ISSN 0001-5172. doi: 10.1111/aas.13373. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Løvstad, Marianne; Månum, Grethe; Wisløff-Aase, Kristin; Hafstad, Gertrud Sofie; Ræder, Johan & Larsen, Ingar H. [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Persons injured in the 2011 terror attacks in Norway - Relationship between post-traumatic stress symptoms, emotional distress, fatigue, sleep, and pain outcomes, and medical and psychosocial factors. Disability and Rehabilitation. ISSN 0963-8288. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2019.1585489. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Purpose: The main aim was to assess long-term post-traumatic stress symptoms, emotional distress, fatigue, sleep disturbances and pain in individuals hospitalized with physical injuries after two terror attacks in Oslo in 2011, approximately three years after the events. A secondary aim was to explore the relationship between these outcomes and medical and psychosocial factors. Materials and methods: Thirty of 43 potential persons participated. Injury characteristics were collected from medical charts. Level of post-traumatic stress, emotional distress, fatigue, sleep disturbances and pain was assessed and the association with injury severity, resilience, optimism, neuroticism and extroversion, and perceived access to social support was explored. Results: Nine of 30 met criteria for full or partial PTSD, and 14 of 30 displayed clinical levels of emotional distress. Fifteen reported moderate to severe fatigue, and 16 said sleep disturbances affected their daily life. Twelve indicated that pain affected daily activities and work ability, and 15 that pain affected their quality of life. I Resilience, optimism, neuroticism, and perceived social support, were associated with outcomes, but injury severity was not. When controlling for pain, many of the psychosocial variables failed to reach significance. Conclusions: Injury severity was not associated with outcomes. On the other hand, psychosocial factors were, but seemed to be influenced by pain.

• Månum, Grethe; Løvstad, Marianne; Wisløff-Aase, Kristin; Ræder, Johan; Schanke, Anne-Kristine & Larsen, Ingar H. [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Clinical characteristics and physical functioning in persons hospitalized following the Norwegian terror attacks in July 2011: A follow-up study. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. ISSN 1650-1977. 51(3), s. 225–233. doi: 10.2340/16501977-2521. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics and physical functioning in persons hospitalized after 2 terror attacks in Norway in 2011. Design: Cross-sectional study with retrospective acute medical data. Subjects: Surviving persons hospitalized with physical injuries. Methods: Medical and psychological assessments 3–4 years after injury, with data on injury type and severity collected from medical records. Results: A total of 30 out of 43 potential subjects participated (19 women, 11 men; age range 17–71 years (median 23 years)). Eighteen participants had suffered a severe injury, with New Injury Severity Scale (NISS) scores > 15. All body parts were affected. The number of surgical procedures ranged from 0 to 22 (median 3), and days in intensive care ranged from 0 to 59 (median 2.5), of which 16 had more than 24 h intensive care. Three to 4 years later, a majority of the participants had a broad spectrum of somatic and psychological problems and reduced physical functioning. Two-thirds of the participants reported their physical health to be unsatisfactory, and continuous need for healthcare and unmet needs were identified for all except 4 of the participants. Conclusion: Persons hospitalized following a terror attack experience a broad spectrum of somatic and psychological problems and need long-term physical and psychological follow-up. This study indicates specific needs for rehabilitation after injuries acquired under psychological traumatic circumstances.

• Madsen, Andrea; Fredwall, Svein Otto; Månum, Grethe; Henriksen, Christine & Slettahjell, Hanne Bjørg (2019). Anthropometrics, diet, and resting energy expenditure in Norwegian adults with achondroplasia. American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part A. ISSN 1552-4825. 179(9), s. 1745–1755. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61272. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Individuals with achondroplasia have a high prevalence of obesity and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Fat distribution, diet, and caloric intake are known risk factors, but the literature concerning diet and energy balance in achondroplasia is limited. The main aim of this study was to describe the anthropometrics, diet, and resting energy expenditure (REE) in a Norwegian adult achondroplasia population. Here, we present a descriptive cross‐sectional study with the following variables: anthropometrics, the SmartDiet questionnaire, and dietary records. In addition, REE was measured and estimated using indirect calorimetry and prediction equations. A total of 33 adults with achondroplasia participated with a mean age of 40 years. Mean body mass index was 34.1 kg/m2, and mean waist circumference was 94.1 cm for men and 82.2 cm for women. Their diets were classified as unhealthy (38%) or in need of improvement (62%). The mean REE values for the total group were 21 kcal/kg for the male (n = 15) and 20 kcal/kg for the female (n = 18). This study revealed a high frequency of central obesity and unhealthy dietary habits in Norwegian adults with achondroplasia. Mean energy intake was low and only 10% higher than the mean REE, and does not explain the high prevalence of abdominal obesity in our population.

• Sørensen, Linda & Månum, Grethe (2019). A single-subject study of robotic upper limb training in the subacute phase for four persons with cervical spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord Series and Cases. 5(29), s. 1–9. doi: 10.1038/s41394-019-0170-3. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Strøm, Vegard; Månum, Grethe; Leiulfsrud, Annelie; Wedege, Pia; Rekand, Tiina & Halvorsen, Annette [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2017). People with Spinal Cord Injury in Norway. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation. ISSN 0894-9115. 96(2), s. S99–S101. doi: 10.1097/PHM.0000000000000572. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Månum, Grethe; Jahnsen, Reidun; Stanghelle, Johan K; Sandvik, Leiv; LUNDBERG, LARSEN KERSTIN & Keller, Anne (2012). FACE AND CONSTRUCT VALIDITY OF THE GAIT DEVIATION INDEX IN ADULTS WITH SPASTIC CEREBRAL PALSY. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. ISSN 1650-1977. 44(3), s. 272–275. doi: 10.2340/16501977-0930. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Lundberg, Larsen Kerstin; Månum, Grethe; Frøslie, Kathrine Frey & Jahnsen, Reidun Birgitta (2012). Ambulant adults with spastic cerebral palsy: The validity of lower limb joint angle measurements from sagittal video recordings. Gait & Posture. ISSN 0966-6362. 35(2), s. 186–191. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2011.09.004. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Månum, Grethe; Jahnsen, Reidun Birgitta; Stanghelle, Johan K; Sandvik, Leiv & Keller, Anne (2011). Effects of botulinum toxin A in ambulant adults with spastic cerebral palsy: A randomized double-blind placebo controlled-trial. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. ISSN 1650-1977. 43(4), s. 338–347. doi: 10.2340/16501977-0672. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Månum, Grethe; Jahnsen, Reidun Birgitta; Frøslie, Kathrine Frey; Larsen, Kerstin L. & Keller, Anne (2010). Walking ability and predictors of performance on the 6-minute walk test in adults with spastic cerebral palsy. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology. ISSN 0012-1622. 52(6), s. E126–E132. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2010.03614.x. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv

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• Månum, Grethe (2024). Habilitering og rehabilitering av barn og voksne med nevrologisk sykdom og skade. Fagbokforlaget. ISBN 9788245046571. 14 s. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv

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• Hansen, Sandra Linnea; Opheim, Arve Isak; Gjøvaag, Terje; Lundgaard, Eivind; Månum, Grethe & RENNIE, LINDA (2025). Relationship between changes in Gait Deviation Index, walking speed and 6-minute-walk-test in adults with cerebral palsy – a 16-year follow-up. Gait & Posture. ISSN 0966-6362. 121, s. 118–118. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.07.129. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Introduction Previous cross-sectional research shows a low correlation between GDI and 6MWT in children [1] and adults [2] with cerebral palsy (CP). Further, there is a lack of studies investigating changes and associations in walking function variables in adults with CP [3]. Research Question What are the associations between changes in gait pattern deviations, changes in self-selected walking speed, and changes in walking capacity in adults with CP over 16 years? Methods Bivariate linear regression analysis of the changes in the Gait Deviation Index (GDI), in distance during the 6-minute walk test (6MWT), and self-selected walking speed during a 10-meter walk test (SSWS) between two time-points 16 years apart. Results 29 adults (15 females) with unilateral (n = 17) and bilateral (n = 12) CP with a mean age of 50 years (SD = 10 years (range 34- 65) and mean BMI 25 (SD 5,2), gross motor function classification system I (n = 11), II (n = 15) and III (n = 3). The mean change in GDI was -5.6 (SD 8.1), -37 m (SD 102m) in 6MWT distance and - 0.08 m/sec (SD 0.18m/sec) in SSWS. Bivariate linear regression showed a moderate association between GDI- change and 6MWT-change (r2 = 0.351, beta = 0.593, p < 0.001) and between 6MWT-change and SSWS-change (r2 = 0.401, beta = 0.640, p < 0.001). A low, non-significant association was found between GDI-change and SSWS-change (r2 = 0.064, beta = 0.253, p = 0.194). Discussion The results show that changes in gait pattern deviations are associated with changes in walking capacity (explaining 35% of the variance), but not with changes in self-selected walking speed over a short distance (10 meters). This may indicate that some adults with CP can maintain their self-selected walking speed over short distances despite increasing gait pattern deviations, however, strug- gle to do so over longer distances or extended periods (such as the 6MWT). Further, this indicates that the variables investigated are inter- related and that common denominators affect the changes in both gait pattern deviations and walking capacity. Previous research has highlighted that plantar flexor strength [4], and hamstring length [5] influence walking capacity in adults with CP, which are variables also known to affect walking patterns in persons with CP [6]. References 1. Wilson, N.C., et al., Gait Deviation Index Correlates With Daily Step Activity in Children With Cerebral Palsy.Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2015. 96(10): p. 1924-7. 2. Maanum, G., et al., Face and construct validity of the Gait Deviation Index in adults with spastic cerebral palsy. J Rehabil Med, 2012. 44(3): p. 272-5. 3. Gravholt A., et al., Motor function and gait decline in indivi- duals with cerebral palsy during adulthood: a narrative review of potential physiological determinants. Eur J Appl Physiol, 2024. 124(10): p. 2867-2879. 4. Gillett, J.G., et al., Functional Capacity in Adults With Cerebral Palsy: Lower Limb Muscle Strength Matters.Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2018. 99(5): p. 900-906.e1. 5. Maanum, G., et al., Walking ability and predictors of perfor- mance on the 6-minute walk test in adults with spastic cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol, 2010. 52(6): p. e126-32. 6. Gage, J.R., et al., The identification and treatment of gait problems in cerebral palsy. 2009, London: Mac Keith Press.

• Fredwall, Svein Otto; Linge, Jennifer; Leinhard, Olof Dahlqvist; Kjønigsen, Lisa Jannicke; Eggesbø, Heidi Beate & Weedon-Fekjær, Harald [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Correction to: Cardiovascular risk factors and body composition in adults with achondroplasia (Genetics in Medicine, (2021), 23, 4, (732-739), 10.1038/s41436-020-01024-6). Genetics in Medicine. ISSN 1098-3600. 23(11), s. 2234–2234. doi: 10.1038/s41436-021-01201-1. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Fredwall, Svein Otto; Steen, Unni; Vries, Olga de; Rustad, Cecilie; Eggesbø, Heidi Beate & Weedon-Fekjær, Harald [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Correction to: High prevalence of symptomatic spinal stenosis in Norwegian adults with achondroplasia: a population-based study (Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases, (2020), 15, 1, (123), 10.1186/s13023-020-01397-6). Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases. 15(1). doi: 10.1186/s13023-020-01636-w. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Månum, Grethe; Wisløff-Aase, Kristin & Løvstad, Marianne (2019). Fysiske og psykiske symptomer tre år etter terrorhandlingene 22.07.11 hos de som ble fysisk skadd og innlagt sykehus. [Journal]. Aftenposten. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Månum, Grethe & Løvstad, Marianne (2019). Ny forskning på følger av terroren 22.7.11: Fysiske og psykiske symptomer hos pasienter som ble lagt inn på sykehus tre år etter angrepet. [TV]. Dagsnytt 18. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Månum, Grethe (2019). Kapittel 39 Habilitering og rehabilitering av barn og voksne med nevrologisk sykdom og skade. I Helseth, Eirik; Rootwelt, Terje & Harbo, Hanne Flinstad (Red.), Nevrologi og nevrokirurgi ; fra barn til voksen. Fagbokforlaget. ISSN 9788245024739. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Månum, Grethe (2019). Challenges in PMR education and training. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Månum, Grethe (2019). Funksjon hos sykehusinnlagte fysisk skadde tre år etter terrorangrepene 22. juli 2011. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Månum, Grethe; Høie, Helene & Lyby, Peter Solvoll (2016). Mindfulness based techniques in a group setting of patients with severe and newly acquired physical injuries. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Månum, Grethe; Løvstad, Marianne; Wisløff-Aase, Kristin; Stanghelle, Johan K; Larsen, Ingar Hauglund & Ræder, Johan (2016). Pain, function and health-care needs in hospitalized victims 3 years after the terror attacks in Norway July 22nd 2011. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Høie, Helene; Lyby, Peter Solvoll & Månum, Grethe (2015). Testing of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Månum, Grethe (2013). Kunnskapsbasert behandling av spastisk lammelse i en rehabiliteringskontekst. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Opheim, Arve Isak; Ingebretsen, Gyri; Danielsen, Trygve; Netteland, Anna-Beth; Andersen, Ole Christian & Hansen, Sandra Linnea [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2013). Clinical testing of Ekso™, a robotic exoskeleton – a study protocol. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Høye, Helene; Månum, Grethe & Sigurdardottir, Solrun (2013). Cognitive profile in adults with cerebral palsy according to employment status - a descriptive pilot study. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Månum, Grethe; Høiness, Per Reidar; Conradi, Sven; Hoen, Margrethe; Høye, Helene & Nordby, Petra Ahlvin [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2013). Establishing a health care program for adults with cerebral palsy. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Opheim, Arve Isak; Andersen, Ole Christian; Danielsen, Trygve; Glott, Thomas; Hansen, Sandra Linnea & Netteland, Anna-Beth [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2013). Clinical testing of safety and feasibility of the Ekso™ exoskeleton robot for walking in patients with a spinal cord injury. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Månum, Grethe (2013). Kunnskapsbasert behandling av spastisitet og relaterte funksjonshemminger hso voksne med spastisk lammelse. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Opheim, Arve Isak; Weider, Tone Stokstad; Månum, Grethe & Moe-Nilssen, Rolf (2013). Reliability of 3-dimensional gait analysis in personswith a traumatic brain injury. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. ISSN 1650-1977. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Månum, Grethe; Høiness, Per Reidar; Conradi, Sven; Hoen, Margrethe; Høye, Helene & Nordby, Petra Ahlvin [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2013). Establishing a health care program for adults with cerebral palsy. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. ISSN 1650-1977. 45, s. 969–969. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Opheim, Arve Isak; Weider, Tone Stokstad; Månum, Grethe & Moe-Nilssen, Rolf (2013). Reliability of 3-dimensional gait analysis in personswith a traumatic brain injury. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Wedege, Pia; Månum, Grethe; Steffen, Kathrin; Strøm, Vegard & Opheim, Arve Isak (2013). Reliability of three-dimensional gait analysis inadults with spinal cord injury. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Ingebretsen, Gyri; Andersen, Ole Christian; Danielsen, Trygve; Glott, Thomas; Hansen, Sandra Linnea & Månum, Grethe [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2013). Certification of physiotherapists to use the Ekso™ robot in training of patients at Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Følstad, Susanne; Månum, Grethe & Jahnsen, Reidun (2012). A pilot study on Constraint Induced Movement Therapy for adults with spastic unilateral CP. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Månum, Grethe; Opheim, Arve Isak & Jahnsen, Reidun (2012). Reliability of three-dimensional gait analysis in adults with spastic cerebral palsy. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Månum, Grethe; Jahnsen, Reidun & Stanghelle, Johan K (2012). The effects of botulinum toxin A on overall gait in adults with spastic cerebral palsy. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Månum, Grethe (2011). Voksne med cerebral parese på Sunnaas sykehus: Klinisk tilbud, fagutvikling og forskning. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Månum, Grethe; Jahnsen, Reidun; Stanghelle, Johan K; Sandvik, Leiv; Larsen, Kerstin Lundberg & Keller, Anne (2011). Validity of the Gait Deviation Index in adults with spastic cerebral palsy. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Månum, Grethe; Jahnsen, Reidun; Sandvik, Leiv; Stanghelle, Johan K & Keller, Anne (2010). Effects of Botulinum toxin A in ambulant adults with spastic cerebral palsy: A randomized double blind placebo controlled trial. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Larsen, Kerstin Lundberg; Månum, Grethe; Frøslie, Kathrine Frey & Jahnsen, Reidun (2009). The inter- and intrarater reliability of Salford Gait Tool in adults with cerebral palsy. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Månum, Grethe; Jahnsen, Reidun; Frøslie, Kathrine Frey; Larsen, Kerstin Lundberg & Keller, Anne (2009). Predictors of the performance of six minute walk test in adults with cerebral palsy. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Månum, Grethe (2009). Databasert tredimensjonal bevegelsesanalyse; indikasjon – og hvilken informasjon får vi? Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Månum, Grethe (2008). Spastisitet hos ryggmargsskadde. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Månum, Grethe (2008). Spastisitet og databasert tredimensjonal ganganalyse: Kvalitet i klinikk og forskning. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Månum, Grethe (2005). Fysiske funksjonsendringer hos voksne med Cerebral Parese. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• RENNIE, LINDA; Opheim, Arve Isak; Gustavsen, Marit; Brock, Nana Lise & Månum, Grethe (2005). Presentation of the Motion Analysis Laboratory at Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Månum, Grethe (2003). Cerebral parese er ingen”childhood disease”. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Vege, Kristine Marie Mamen; Becker, Frank; Månum, Grethe & Sunnerhagen, Kathrina Stibrant (2026). Medical complications in children with moderate to severe acquired central nervous system injury. Universitetet i Oslo. ISSN 9788234808685. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  This thesis investigates medical complications in children with moderate to severe acquired central nervous system (CNS) injury within pediatric rehabilitation medicine. The thesis explores what is known from the literature about medical complications after acquired CNS injury in children, how frequently such complications occur during and after inpatient rehabilitation, and what consequences they have for the rehabilitation process and for patients and caregivers after discharge. The work comprises one scoping review, one questionnaire-based survey, and one prospective cohort study. The survey included children who sustained CNS injury between 2 and 17 years of age and had received inpatient rehabilitation at Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital. The cohort study followed children aged 2-17 years during inpatient rehabilitation. The findings show that the literature mainly describes single complications in isolation, while comprehensive rehabilitation-oriented studies are scarce. In the patient studies, medical complications were common both during rehabilitation and in the months and years after injury. Frequently reported complications included sleep disturbances, pain, spasticity, constipation, infections, anemia, malnutrition, and overweight. Their occurrence was associated with longer length of stay. Although most complications had limited impact on the rehabilitation process, pain, malnutrition, infections, and spasticity were more often associated with interrupted or prolonged stays, altered rehabilitation goals, and poorer functional prognosis. After discharge, patients and caregivers reported that complications affected daily functioning, participation in leisure activities, and psychological well-being, and were time-consuming to manage. Overall, the thesis demonstrates that medical complications are common after acquired CNS injury in children and may have important consequences for rehabilitation, long-term functioning, and family life.

• Månum, Grethe (2012). Adults with spastic cerebral palsy - studies on effects of botulinum toxin A, walking function and gait analysis outcomes. Universitetet i Oslo. ISSN 9788282644686. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Månum, Grethe; Wærstad, Knut; Anonsen, Nils Olav; Molberg, Mari & Følstad, Susanne (2005). URT grupperapport Cerebral Parese. Helse Øst. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Månum, Grethe (2005). Funksjonstap hos voksne med Cerebral Parese. Prosjektnummer 2004/0036. Sluttrapport Helse & Rehabilitering. Helse & Rehabilitering. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Alvin, Petra; Månum, Grethe & Stanghelle, Johan K (2005). Sluttrapport ”Evaluering av Behandlingsreiser til Syden for pasienter med nevromuskulære sykdommer, prøveprosjekt 2. Oslo universitetssykehus HF. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv

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