Siste publikasjoner registrert i NVA Sikt

• Gjesdal, Kine; Skurtveit, Svetlana Ondrasova; Djuv, Ane; Paulsen, Aksel; Rolová, Gabriela & Sevild, Cille [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Changes in health literacy following participation in a multidisciplinary primary care intervention for people with chronic pain: a longitudinal cohort study. Scandinavian Journal of Pain. ISSN 1877-8860. 26(1). doi: 10.1515/sjpain-2026-0034. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Abstract Background Chronic pain is a global public health issue, severely affecting quality of life, functional capacity, and healthcare resources. Effective management requires adequate health literacy, yet limited health literacy is associated with greater pain burden and poorer outcomes. This underlines the need for interventions that can strengthen patients’ health literacy skills. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate longitudinal changes in health literacy following participation in a multidisciplinary primary care pain management intervention. Methods This longitudinal study reports health literacy outcomes from a multidisciplinary, personalized pain management intervention that was developed in accordance with the Medical Research Council framework. Forty-three participants with chronic non-cancer pain completed the full intervention. Health literacy was measured using the Norwegian version of the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ) at baseline, midpoint, and post-intervention. Changes over time were analyzed using paired-sample t-tests. Results Statistically significant improvements were observed in five HLQ domains from baseline to midpoint and in eight domains from baseline to post-intervention. “Having sufficient information to manage my health” showed the largest increase among Domains 1–5, whereas “Navigating the healthcare system” showed the largest increase among Domains 6–9 and improved significantly across all time-point comparisons. Conclusion Participants demonstrated improvements in several dimensions of health literacy during participation in the intervention, particularly in domains related to having sufficient information to manage health and active self-management. These findings support further investigation of tailored, multidisciplinary approaches to strengthening health literacy among people with chronic pain. Trial registration NCT05828121 Date: 04-25-2023.

• Bukten, Anne; Mehlum, Lars; Fazel, Seena; Lokdam, Nicoline Toresen; Tverborgvik, Torill & Skurtveit, Svetlana Ondrasova [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Sociodemographic, Criminological and Clinical Determinants in Suicide After Release From Prison: A 23‐Year National Cohort Study. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. ISSN 0001-690X. doi: 10.1111/acps.70148. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  ABSTRACT Background Suicide risk is elevated after prison release, but population‐level evidence on temporal risk patterns and associated factors remains limited. We aimed to describe characteristics of individuals who die by suicide after release from Norwegian prisons, compare their suicide mortality with the general population, and examine risk factors over time. Material and Methods Data from the Norwegian Prison Release Study (nPRIS), including all people in prison in Norway (2000–2022), were linked to the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry, the Norwegian Prison Registry, the Norwegian Patient Registry, and Statistics Norway. We calculated crude mortality rates (CMR) per 100,000 person‐years, standardized mortality ratios (SMR), annual age‐standardized years of life lost rate (ASYR), and Cox proportional hazards models. Results From 2000 to 2022, 1183 suicides (9.1% of all deaths; CMR 81; 95% CI 76–85) occurred after release (90% male). The SMR was higher in women (SMR 8.64; 95% CI 7.17–10.34) than men (SMR 3.98; 95% CI 3.76–4.22). In multivariable models (2009–2022; n  = 57,034; 516 suicides), strong independent associations with suicide 6 months post‐release included self‐harm (adjusted HR [aHR] 4.76; 95% CI 2.60–8.72), severe mental illness (aHR 1.95; 95% CI 1.16–3.27), release from high‐security prisons (aHR 1.93; 95% CI 1.12–3.33), and pretrial detention (aHR 1.82; 95% CI 1.06–3.13). Conclusions Suicide risk is substantially and persistently elevated relative to the general population, peaks immediately after release, and is concentrated among people with prior self‐harm, severe mental illness, and those released from high‐security settings.

• Hamina, Aleksi; Pinzón‐Espinosa, Justo; Taipale, Heidi; Schneider‐Thoma, Johannes; Radua, Joaquim & Efthimiou, Orestis [Vis alle 19 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Representation and outcomes of individuals with major depression in routine care who are ineligible for randomized controlled trials: a nationwide register‐based study. World Psychiatry. ISSN 1723-8617. 25(1), s. 117–124. doi: 10.1002/wps.70013. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the foundation of current clinical treatment guidelines. However, they may not reflect real‐world populations, due to strict eligibility criteria. We determined the proportion of individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) receiving maintenance antidepressant treatment in routine care who would be ineligible for RCTs, and compared their outcomes with those who were eligible. Utilizing specialized health care registers in Finland (2004‐2018) and Sweden (2006‐2021), we identified adults diagnosed with non‐psychotic MDD (ICD‐10: F32, F33) who were stabilized on maintenance antidepressant monotherapy. Through multidisciplinary expert consensus on latest meta‐analytic evidence, we derived a standardized list of RCT inclusion and exclusion criteria. These criteria were systematically applied to classify individuals as RCT‐eligible or RCT‐ineligible. We then used Cox proportional models to derive hazard ratios (HRs) of a composite primary outcome of hospitalization due to any psychiatric reason or suicide attempt, and all‐cause mortality, during a 6‐month follow‐up. Secondary outcomes were treatment changes (i.e., discontinuation, switch or augmentation) and psychiatric sick leave ≥2 weeks. A total of 73,720 individuals in Finland and 135,092 in Sweden were included. More than one third of patients with MDD (33.5% in Finland and 35.3% in Sweden) were found to be ineligible for RCTs. The most common reasons for ineligibility were comorbidities (serious somatic disease, other psychiatric disorders, or substance use disorder). RCT‐ineligible individuals had more than twice the risk of the composite primary outcome compared to eligible individuals (HR=2.44, 95% CI: 2.15‐2.76 in Finland; HR=2.61, 95% CI: 2.37‐2.87 in Sweden). Approximately one third of the composite primary outcome was attributable to RCT‐ineligibility factors (32.5%, 95% CI: 27.9‐37.1 for Finland; 36.2%, 95% CI: 32.6‐39.8 for Sweden). Risk of treatment change was slightly but significantly higher in ineligible individuals. Findings were consistent in a wide range of sensitivity analyses. We conclude that more inclusive eligibility criteria for RCTs, and their integration with real‐world data, are needed to improve the generalizability of antidepressant trial evidence and MDD clinical treatment guidelines.

• Purra, Laura; Taipale, Heidi; Tiihonen, Miia; Lähteenvuo, Markku; Tiihonen, Jari & Hamina, Aleksi (2026). Incident low‐dose quetiapine use in adults newly diagnosed with depression in primary care: A nationwide register‐based study. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. ISSN 0306-5251. doi: 10.1002/bcp.70792. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Aims This study aimed to investigate the incidence of low-dose quetiapine initiation and associated factors in adults newly diagnosed with depression in primary care. Methods We obtained medication dispensing records, primary and secondary care diagnoses and employment status for antipsychotic-naïve individuals aged 16–65 newly diagnosed with depression in primary healthcare from several national Finnish registers in 2016–2022. We then calculated the incidence of low-dose (≤50 mg) quetiapine initiation from 2 years before to 2 years after the depression diagnosis. Modified Poisson regression models derived adjusted risk ratios (aRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), assessing the association between covariates and low-dose quetiapine initiation. Results Of the 189 115 individuals with depression, 13.4% (25 373) initiated low-dose. The incidence of low-dose quetiapine peaked in the first 30 days following the depression diagnosis, constituting 14.8% of all initiations. Initiation had the strongest association with younger age (16–24 vs. 55–65 years: aRR 1.87, 95%CI 1.80–1.96) and psychiatric comorbidities, especially alcohol use disorder (1.44, 1.39–1.50) and other substance use disorders (1.27, 1.19–1.36). Ischaemic heart diseases had a positive association (1.13, 1.04–1.22), while hyperlipidaemia had a negative association (0.91, 0.86–0.97); other cardiometabolic conditions had no significant associations. Among other medications assessed, SSRI and hypnotic antidepressant use had the strongest associations with low-dose quetiapine initiation (1.81, 1.77–1.86 and 1.81, 1.77–1.85, respectively). Conclusions Low-dose quetiapine initiation is common among adults newly diagnosed with depression in primary care. The benefits of this practice should be weighed against cardiometabolic and other adverse effects.

• Salmelainen, Janina; Tiihonen, Miia; Taipale, Heidi; Lieslehto, Johannes; Tanskanen, Antti & Tiihonen, Jari [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Medicine Use Preceding Fatal Poisonings Among Individuals With Bipolar Disorder. Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology. ISSN 1742-7835. 139(4). doi: 10.1111/bcpt.70305. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Pharmacotherapy may reduce overall suicide risk in bipolar disorder, but prescribed medicines can also be causative agents in suicidal and accidental poisonings. This nationwide, nested case–control study utilized data from several national registers in Finland in 1996–2018. In a cohort of 60 045 individuals aged 15–65 with bipolar disorder, cases with fatal poisoning due to medicines or illicit substances were matched by age and sex to four controls each. The association between fatal poisoning and medicine use in the prior 2 weeks was examined using conditional logistic regression. The 777 (1.3%) cases who died of poisoning due to medicines or illicit substances during the study period were matched to 3108 controls. Of cases, 56.5% ( n  = 439) died of a suicidal poisoning and 38.4% ( n  = 298) of an accidental poisoning. After adjusting for sociodemographic characters, comorbidities and other medicine use, tricyclic antidepressants (aOR 3.07, 95% CI 2.09–4.50), gabapentinoids (3.05, 2.08–4.47), opioids (2.65, 1.88–3.75), benzodiazepines (2.13, 1.71–2.64), Z‐drugs (2.19, 1.66–2.88) and antipsychotics (1.94, 1.56–2.40) were associated with fatal poisonings. While the associations may reflect clinical severity of the disorder among users of these medicines, increased caution is warranted when prescribing them to individuals at elevated risk of poisoning.

• Lokdam, Nicoline Toresen; Stavseth, Marianne Riksheim; Favril, Louis; Scarth, Morgan Elizabeth; Tverborgvik, Torill & Andersen, Lars Højsgaard [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Mental health disorders and risk of solitary confinement among incarcerated individuals: a nationwide longitudinal cohort study from Norway. BMJ Mental Health. 29(1), s. 302849–302849. doi: 10.1136/bmjment-2026-302849. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background Solitary confinement is extensively used in prisons, constituting a risk of deteriorating health. However, its associations with mental health disorders remain unclear. Objective To investigate the association between history of diagnosed mental health disorders and solitary confinement among incarcerated individuals. Methods We included 35 210 individuals with 51 502 incarcerations in Norway from 2015 to 2022 in the Norwegian Prison Release study (nPRIS), linking national prison, health, mortality and demographic registries. Mental health disorders diagnosed within 5 years before incarceration were identified. The primary outcome was solitary confinement and four subtypes: court decided, disciplinary, self-requested and security cell. By analysing all incarcerations, we estimated adjusted ORs (aORs) and rate ratios (RRs) with logistic and negative binomial regression, using robust SEs to account for individual-level clustering across multiple incarcerations. Findings Among all individuals with a 5-year history of diagnosed mental health disorders (n=18 315), 30.8% experienced solitary confinement, compared with 21.3% among those without a diagnosis (n=16 895). Mental health disorders were associated with higher odds of any solitary confinement (aOR 1.77, 95% CI 1.68 to 1.85) and security cell placement (aOR 4.28, 95% CI 3.57 to 5.13). People with mental health disorders also had a higher rate of disciplinary (adjusted rate ratio (aRR) 3.84, 95% CI 3.41 to 4.33) and self-requested (aRR 2.46, 95% CI 1.91 to 3.18) solitary confinement days. Substance use disorders, severe mental illness and multimorbidity were associated with a higher rate of solitary confinement days, while mental health disorders were inversely associated with court decided solitary confinement (aOR 0.52, 95% CI 0.47 to 0.57; aRR 0.48, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.57). Conclusion People with a history of diagnosed mental health disorders disproportionately experience solitary confinement in prison, risking further deterioration of health. Clinical implications Health authorities and correctional services should reduce solitary confinement and develop alternative, health-protective segregation strategies for people with mental health disorders.

• Avershina, Ekaterina; Birkeland, Einar Elvbakken; Johannessen, Cecilie Bucher - & Rounge, Trine Ballestad (2026). CRISPR-Cas immune repertoires as an ecological record of bacterial interactions with mobile genetic elements in the human gut. Gut microbes. ISSN 1949-0976. 18(1). doi: 10.1080/19490976.2026.2734649. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bodal, Elen; Olsen, Nora Marie Temte; Olsen, Thomas; Edvardsen, Hilde Marie Erøy; Clausen, Thomas & Skurtveit, Svetlana Ondrasova [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Medical and non-medical gabapentinoid use in fatal drug poisonings in Norway: Linked postmortem toxicology and prescription data. Forensic Science International. ISSN 0379-0738. 389, s. 1–8. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2026.113143. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Štěpánka, Ptáčková,; Skurtveit, Svetlana Ondrasova; Roman, Gabrhelík,; Odsbu, Ingvild & Rolová, Gabriela (2026). Diagnostic pathways, healthcare utilization, and mortality in children and young people with early onset substance use disorders: a nationwide registry-based cohort study | Harm Reduction Journal | Springer Nature Link. Harm Reduction Journal. doi: 10.1186/s12954-026-01533-8. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Longitudinal, population-based evidence on the clinical profiles and mortality of youth with substance use disorders (SUDs) is limited, despite significant health and social risks. This study aimed to (1) characterize initial SUD diagnoses, demographic and healthcare profiles, and diagnostic trajectories, and (2) estimate all-cause and external-cause mortality relative to the general population. This nationwide cohort study included 22,449 individuals aged 6–24 newly diagnosed with SUD in the Czech Republic, 2015–2019. Sex-specific crude mortality rates (CMRs) and age-standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated for children (< 18 years) and young adults (18–29 years) to estimate mortality. The most common initial diagnoses were alcohol use disorders (55%), followed by polysubstance use (14%), and cannabis use disorders (11%). The mean age at first diagnosis was 18.7 years, lower for females (17.9) than males (19.1). Females were more often diagnosed with opioid, sedative/hypnotic, and stimulant use disorders, whereas males with cannabis and polysubstance use disorders (p < 0.001). During follow-up, 137 individuals (0.6%) died. All-cause and external-cause CMRs were 242.1 and 171.4 per 100,000 person-years, both higher in males (1.9- and 2.6-fold). Excess mortality was observed in both age groups, with all-cause SMRs of 9.5 (95% CI 5.6–16.0) for children and 5.7 (4.8–6.8) for young adults; external-cause SMRs were 19.1 (10.8–33.6) and 6.6 (5.3–8.1), respectively. Early-onset SUD in clinical populations shows substantial sex differences and markedly elevated early, premature mortality. These findings underscore the need for early detection and targeted interventions for vulnerable youth.

• Purra, Laura; Taipale, Heidi; Tiihonen, Miia; Lähteenvuo, Markku; Tiihonen, Jari & Hamina, Aleksi (2026). Incident low-dose quetiapine use in adults newly diagnosed with depression in primary care: A nationwide register-based study. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. ISSN 0306-5251. doi: 10.1002/bcp.70792. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Jobling, Nina; Mjåland, Kristian; Clausen, Thomas; Heldal, Anne Taraldsen; Thylstrup, Birgitte & Vederhus, John-Kåre (2026). Medication transitions and predictors of illicit substance use during opioid agonist treatment: a three-year follow-up study. Addiction science & clinical practice. ISSN 1940-0632. 21. doi: 10.1186/s13722-026-00711-0. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background For opioid use disorder (OUD), pharmacological therapy using methadone or buprenorphine, plus psychosocial support, is the most effective opioid agonist treatment (OAT). Long-acting injectable buprenorphine (LAIB) is the newest buprenorphine formulation. This study evaluated LAIB within a naturalistic clinical setting, compared with standard OAT (sublingual buprenorphine and methadone). Methods This observational study included patients from an OAT outpatient clinic in Agder County, Norway. Data were extracted from hospital medical records in May 2022. The cohort was followed up in February 2025. Medication-group transitions and outcomes were assessed by examining switching, discontinuation, mortality, and illicit substance use over three years. Results The study included 424 patients. The LAIB group was significantly younger than the standard OAT groups. During the study period, 13.2% of patients switched medications, increasing the LAIB group from 17% to 22%. Comparable proportions of patients experienced negative outcomes: 10% discontinued treatment, and 4% died. At follow‑up, illicit substance-use problems were less frequent in the sublingual buprenorphine group than the other groups, a finding that appears to have been influenced by differential attrition. Baseline substance use was the strongest predictor of illicit substance use at follow‑up. Conclusions The LAIB group slightly increased during the study period. Transitions between medication groups appeared to yield better substance-use outcomes at follow-up in the sublingual buprenorphine group, compared to in other groups. Baseline substance use was the strongest predictor of illicit use at follow‑up, suggesting that individual clinical characteristics may contribute more to outcomes than the specific medication pathway.

• Bernabe, Eduardo; Marcenes, Wagner; Abdullah; Ababneh, Hazim S.; Abate, Belayneh Jejaw & Abbastabar, Hedayat [Vis alle 732 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Global and regional progress towards reduced burden of oral conditions between 2019 and 2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023. The Lancet Public Health. ISSN 2468-2667. 11(9), s. e630–e641. doi: 10.1016/s2468-2667(26)00143-x. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Havig, Stine Marie; Høiseth, Gudrun; Thaulow, Cecilie Hasselø; Green, Henrik; Skurtveit, Svetlana Ondrasova & Edvardsen, Hilde Marie Erøy (2026). Prescription status and drug concentrations in methadone intoxications versus non-intoxications: A registry-linked study of autopsy cases. Forensic Science International. ISSN 0379-0738. 388. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2026.113084. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Aims Limited information exists on characteristics associated with methadone intoxication deaths. We therefore aimed to describe and explore differences in demographics, methadone prescription status, and drug concentrations in deaths with methadone, comparing intoxications with non-intoxications. Methods 1092 forensic autopsy cases with methadone detected in blood analyzed at Oslo University Hospital (2004–2021) were linked to the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry and the Norwegian Prescribed Drug Registry. Cases were grouped as methadone intoxication (n = 638), other intoxication (n = 252), and non-intoxication (n = 202). Non-parametric tests (Chi-squared, Mann–Whitney U) and logistic regression analyses were used to compare demographic variables, prescription status, and drug concentrations (opioids, benzodiazepines, stimulants, ethanol) between intoxications and non-intoxications. Results Methadone prescription was less common in methadone intoxications and other intoxications than in non-intoxications (28.8% and 27.4% vs. 59.9%, respectively; P < 0.001 for both). Methadone intoxications were associated with younger age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.96; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.95–0.98) and no recent methadone prescription (aOR 3.01; 95% CI 2.04–4.44) compared with non-intoxications. Adjusted analyses revealed no significant difference in methadone concentration between these groups. However, among cases with prescription, methadone intoxications were associated with higher methadone concentration (aOR 1.20; 95% CI 1.09–1.32). Intoxications also involved more psychoactive drugs and more frequent detections of benzodiazepines and stimulants. Conclusion Our results support that the determination of fatal methadone intoxications cannot be based solely on interpretation of postmortem methadone concentrations in blood but is dependent on information about prescription status and degree of tolerance.

• Bramness, Jørgen Gustav; Mørland, Jørg Gustav; Lid, Torgeir Gilje; Høye, Anne & Høiseth, Gudrun (2026). The impact of drinking patterns on the relationship between alcohol use and levels of serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Alcohol. ISSN 0741-8329. 135, s. 70–76. doi: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2026.07.003. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Høiseth, Gudrun; Olsen, Thomas; Mørland, Jørg Gustav; Hjelmeland, Knut Johan & Strand, Maren (2026). Associations between blood ethanol concentration, clinical impairment test results, and traffic accident involvement among apprehended drivers. Traffic Injury Prevention. ISSN 1538-9588. doi: 10.1080/15389588.2026.2688460.
• Orangzeb, Saima; Hartz, Ingeborg; Bakken, Inger Johanne Landsjøåsen; Odsbu, Ingvild; Furu, Kari & Skurtveit, Svetlana Ondrasova [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Incidence of ADHD diagnoses and medication initiation among children and adolescents in Norway from 2016-2024. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. ISSN 1018-8827. doi: 10.1007/s00787-026-03116-1. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Global trends show an increase in ADHD diagnoses and medication use. This study aimed to describe the incidence of ADHD among children and adolescents in Norway from 2016 to 2024, and to investigate sociodemographic factors associated with treatment initiation among newly diagnosed individuals. This nationwide longitudinal study used data from Norwegian health registers, including all incident ADHD cases (first diagnosis or medication) at ages 3–17 years between 2016 and 2024. Incidence rates were calculated per 1,000 individuals along with proportion initiating medication 0–3 months and 4–12 months post diagnosis. Logistic regression models were used to assess factors associated with initiation. The overall incidence of ADHD more than doubled between 2016 and 2024 (from 4.4 to 9.0 per 1,000), with 52,149 incident ADHD cases. The most pronounced increase was observed among adolescent females (14–17 years), where incidence rose from 3.1 to 11.4 per 1,000. Among 38,749 individuals diagnosed between 2016 and 2023, the proportion initiating medication within one year of diagnosis increased from 72.8% to 78.4%. Following a peak in 2021, proportion initiation within 0–3 months declined, while initiation at 4–12 months increased. Having a foreign-born parent was associated with lower odds, while older age at diagnosis and lower paternal education associated with higher odds of medication-initiation. This study documents a doubling in the incidence of ADHD diagnoses among children in Norway, and an even stronger increase among adolescent females. Medication initiation increased slightly but evolved toward a delayed approach. Sociodemographic factors, especially age at diagnosis, parental region of birth and father’s education influence medication-initiation.

• Bukten, Anne; Mehlum, Lars; Lokdam, Nicoline Toresen; Tverborgvik, Torill & Stavseth, Marianne Riksheim (2026). Rates, Timing and Correlates of Suicide in Norwegian Prisons: A 23-Year National Cohort Study. Archives of Suicide Research. ISSN 1381-1118. doi: 10.1080/13811118.2026.2680205. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Grimsland, Frida; Gabrielsen, Karin Berle; Clausen, Thomas; Haugland, Siri Håvås & Vederhus, John-Kåre (2026). Child maltreatment and substance use: associations with alcohol use, nicotine use, and quality of life in a Norwegian population sample. Frontiers in Public Health. 14. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1821179. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background Child maltreatment (CM) is a significant public health concern with long-term consequences for the child, including an increased likelihood of engaging in risky health behaviors, such as substance use, as well as impaired quality of life (QoL). The relationship between CM and specific substance use patterns, particularly the use of nicotine products such as Swedish snus, remains understudied. We investigated the relationship between CM and the use of nicotine and alcohol, as well as whether use of these substances mediates the association between CM and adulthood QoL. Methods This study utilized data from the Norwegian Counties Public Health Survey for Agder in 2023. Latent regression analysis was employed to examine the association between CM and QoL, as well as potential mediated associations involving substance use, while controlling for sociodemographic factors. Results Nicotine use in the past year was significantly more prevalent among individuals with a history of CM compared to the group with no history of CM (35.8% vs. 25.6%, p &lt; 0.001). Both smoking (24.3% vs. 15.6%, p &lt; 0.001) and snus use (17.6% vs. 13.3%, p &lt; 0.001) were more common in the CM group, with differences remaining significant after adjustment for sociodemographic factors. No significant differences were found in alcohol use across various measures, including frequency of use, AUDIT-C scores, and binge drinking. Latent regression analysis showed that CM had an overall negative association with QoL [β = −0.61; 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.71, −0.51; p &lt; 0.001]. A significant mediated association involving nicotine use was also observed (β = −0.12; 95% CI −0.16, −0.07; p &lt; 0.001). Conclusion CM is associated with a higher prevalence of smoking and snus use, which are negatively associated with QoL. The findings suggest that targeted efforts to support QoL among individuals with a history of CM, including attention to nicotine use, may be relevant within broader strategies addressing living conditions and psychological wellbeing.

• Hagene, Helene Storbråten; Clausen, Thomas & Gjersing, Linn (2026). High-risk injecting practices among people who inject drugs in Norway: Prevalence, characteristics and associated factors. Journal of Substance Use and Addiction Treatment. ISSN 2949-8767. 189, s. 1–7. doi: 10.1016/j.josat.2026.209999. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Leonhardt, Marja; Ellefsen, Rune; Haukland, Vegard Kokabzadeh & Wüsthoff, Linda Elise Couëssurel (2026). Providers’ perspectives on what heroin-assisted treatment ought to be: a qualitative study. BMC Health Services Research. doi: 10.1186/s12913-026-14746-1. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Heroin-assisted treatment (HAT) is an option for opioid use disorder (OUD), particularly for individuals not adequately served by standard therapies like methadone. Studies indicate that HAT can reduce criminal activity and enhance integration into society, as evidenced by significant long-term benefits in employment and health outcomes for marginalised populations. The Norwegian HAT program, launched in 2022, aims to complement existing opioid agonist treatments and improve health outcomes for those with OUD. This study seeks to explore clinicians’ perspectives on the ideal structure of HAT and identify challenges that may affect its implementation. This qualitative study employed an explorative design, conducting 21 semi-structured individual interviews with clinicians from the Norwegian HAT, including one interview with two clinicians. Individual interviews were chosen to facilitate open discussions about their experiences and views on HAT. Analysis was performed using Braun and Clarke’s reflexive thematic analysis framework to identify key themes and patterns from the transcripts. Four overarching themes were identified, whereof the first three were interrelated. The themes reflect clinicians’ ideal treatment philosophy and perspectives on what heroin assisted treatment ought to be: (1) An individualised and patient-centred treatment, (2) A holistic approach with an interdisciplinary collaboration, (3) A flexible service, and (4) Incorporating substance use as a reality. The clinicians’ insights outlined a comprehensive vision of HAT grounded in the principles of individualisation, holistic care, flexibility, and a realistic understanding of substance use. They found it essential to integrate medical, psychological, and social support while fostering collaboration among healthcare professionals. This framework not only responds to the complex realities of addiction but may also support pathways toward recovery, according to clinicians. These insights indicate a need for policy changes within the Norwegian HAT and resources that empower comprehensive care strategies within opioid agonist treatment frameworks.

• Auestad, Nina; Jørgenrud, Benedicte Marie; Bogstrand, Stig Tore; Vallersnes, Odd Martin; Lerdal, Anners & Wüsthoff, Linda Elise Couessurel (2026). Using PEth and AUDIT-4 to Detect Harmful Alcohol Use Among People with Severe Substance Use. Substance Use & Misuse. ISSN 1082-6084. 61(11), s. 1984–1993. doi: 10.1080/10826084.2026.2634253. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skeie, Ivar; Bech, Anne Berit; Clausen, Thomas; Hjemsæter, Arne Jan; Landheim, Anne Signe & Monsbakken, Bent Berntsen [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Comparison of mortality and causes of death between treatment-engaged individuals with severe alcohol or opioid use disorder: a prospective 19-year clinical cohort study. BMC Psychiatry. 26(1), s. 1–11. doi: 10.1186/s12888-026-07832-5. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  BACKGROUND: Comparisons of long-term mortality between alcohol-use-disorder (AUD) and opioid-use-disorder (OUD) groups within clinical cohorts are scarce. This study aimed to do this within one clinical cohort comprising groups suffering various severe substance use disorders. METHODS: Design: Observational cohort design. Prospective study of mortality 1998–2016, Cox regression. Sample/setting: 464 persons in specialist SUD treatment at start of observation period. Three subgroups defined by SUD characteristics at the beginning of the observation period, were studied: participants with 1) OUD, on opioid agonist treatment (OAT), (OUD/OAT-group), 2) AUD, no other SUDs (AUD-alone group), 3) AUD as part of a poly-substance-use disorder (AUD/PSUD group). Measures/covariates: Comparison of mortality risks and causes of death (somatic diseases/traumatic causes/substance-induced deaths/unknown cause) between OUD/OAT versus AUD-alone, and AUD-alone versus AUD/PSUD groups. Hazard ratio (HR) adjusted for baseline age (1 January 1998), sex, and socioeconomic/SUD characteristics. RESULTS: AUD-alone versus OUD/OAT: Unadjusted mortality risk was higher in the AUD-alone group [HR 1.99 (95% CI 1.33–2.99)]. However, in adjusted analysis type of SUD showed no statistically significant association with increased mortality [aHR 0.91 (0.54–1.54)], only male sex and increasing baseline age were independently associated with increased mortality risk. Cause-of-death distributions were very similar and somatic diseases caused over 50% of deaths in both groups. AUD-alone versus AUD/PSUD: Unadjusted mortality risk was higher in the AUD-alone group [(HR 2.57 (1.65–4.00)]. However, in adjusted analysis type of SUD showed no statistically significant association with increased mortality [aHR 1.40 (0.81–2.44)], only male sex, increasing baseline age, and “not being in work or education at study inclusion” were independently associated with increased mortality risk. Substance-induced deaths were most common in the AUD/PSUD group (43%). CONCLUSION: In adjusted analyses there were no statistically significant differences in mortality risk between the three subgroups. Somatic diseases were the main cause of death. Besides efforts to improve social rehabilitation and to treat the substance use disorders as such, early and targeted lifestyle interventions, and measures for early detection, treatment and follow-up of somatic disorders are essential to reduce mortality in both AUD and OUD populations. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable

• Pettersen, Johanne Hagen; Eilertsen, Espen Moen; Hegemann, Laura Elizabeth; Hannigan, Laurie; Lund, Ingunn Olea & Johannessen, Pia Myklebust [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Intra-familial dynamics of mental distress during the Covid-19 lockdown. Translational Psychiatry. 16(1), s. 1–9. doi: 10.1038/s41398-026-03876-z. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Lockdowns and social restrictions imposed in response to the Covid-19 pandemic intensified the proximity and reciprocal exposure among members of nuclear families. It is unclear how variation in mental distress during this period is attributed to potential influences of family members. This study used genetic data from adolescents (n = 4 388), mothers (n = 27 852) and fathers (n = 25 953), to disentangle the contributions of parent-driven, child-driven, and partner-driven components to mental distress during the first two months of the Covid-19 lockdown. Separate models also included adolescents’ non-pandemic mental distress as outcomes (n = 13 484). Trio genome-wide complex trait analyses separated two types of genetic components; direct–how an individual’s genotype is associated with their own mental distress, and indirect–how an individual’s genotype is associated with the mental distress of family members. A trio polygenic score (PGS) design was used to investigate associations of specific genetic liability factors with mental distress, and whether these changed over time (PGS×time). Results suggest that family-level genetic factors contribute to mental distress; variance components capturing indirect genetic effects accounted for 10% of adolescent mental distress (mother-driven), 2–3% of maternal (partner-driven), and 5% of paternal mental distress (child-driven). Mothers’ depression and ADHD PGS were positively associated with fathers’ mental distress. No PGS×time interactions were found. Direct genetic effects accounted for 9–10% variance in mental distress across family members, partly explained by genetic variants associated with anxiety, depression, ADHD and neuroticism. These findings highlight the importance of family dynamics and emphasize the potential value of including family members in mental health interventions.

• Rolová, Gabriela; Skurtveit, Svetlana Ondrasova; Bukten, Anne; Odsbu, Ingvild & Eide, Desiree (2026). Factors associated with changes in opioid analgesic prescribing after opioid agonist treatment initiation: A nationwide registry cohort study. Drug and Alcohol Dependence Reports. 19, s. 100426–100426. doi: 10.1016/j.dadr.2026.100426. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Amundsen, Ellen Johanna; Skurtveit, Svetlana Ondrasova & Odsbu, Ingvild (2026). Risk and cause of overdose death after exposure to dispensed opioid analgesics. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. ISSN 1403-4948. s. 1–9. doi: 10.1177/14034948261424666. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Aims: Overdose deaths have been increasing in parts of Europe, including Norway, where opioid analgesics have been the leading cause since 2016. This study quantifies the risk of overdose death following exposure to dispensed opioid analgesics, stratified by sex and age, and examines associated causes of death. Methods: Nationwide data from 2010 to 2018 on overdose deaths were obtained from the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry and linked with the Norwegian Prescription Database to identify prior opioid analgesic dispensations. Aggregated prescription data and population figures from Statistics Norway were also used. Results: From 2010 to 2018, 42% of individuals who died from an overdose had been dispensed opioid analgesics in the previous year. Among those dispensed strong opioid analgesics, the overdose death rate was low but exceeded the population death rate among men aged 20–49 and women aged 20–39 years. The rate was higher in men and remained stable over time. Opioids other than heroin or methadone were listed as the cause of death in 62% of cases with prior dispensed opioid analgesics, compared with 24% among those without. Conclusions: The risk of overdose deaths following exposure to strong opioid analgesics was low but higher than population death rates for men under 50 and women under 40 years. Preventive strategies based on risk markers such as sex, age and opioid analgesic strengths, combined with other known risk markers, can help guide safer prescription of opioid analgesics and reduce overdose death.

• Bjørkli, Cato; Hansen, Magnus Bechmann; Holter, Marianne Therese Smogeli; Hafstad, Marius Duhovic & Fostervold, Knut Inge (2026). The impact of COVID-19 on the gig economy in the creative- and culture sector. Journal of Managerial Psychology. ISSN 0268-3946. s. 1–17. doi: 10.1108/JMP-08-2023-0477. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Gjersing, Linn; Edvardsen, Hilde Marie Erøy & Clausen, Thomas (2025). Overdoseforebyggende politikk. I Gjersing, Linn; Clausen, Thomas & Edvardsen, Hilde Marie Erøy (Red.), Overdoseboka. En helhetlig gjennomgang. Cappelen Damm Akademisk. ISSN 9788202852610. s. 92–100. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Boken omhandler et bredt spekter av temaer knyttet til overdoseproblematikk. Den går i dybden på rusmidlers virkning, risikofaktorer og relaterte helseutfordringer. Politikkens og myndighetenes rolle i forebygging og behandling presenteres. Boken utforsker også skadereduksjon og oppfølging i tjenesteapparatet, og gir et innblikk i brukeres, pårørendes og helsepersonells opplevelser og erfaringer. Videre belyses politiets arbeid, obduksjoner og registrering av dødsfall. Målet er at boken kan bidra til en mer helhetlig forståelse, og dermed bedre tjenester og en reduksjon av overdoser.

• Gjersing, Linn; Edvardsen, Hilde Marie Erøy & Clausen, Thomas (2025). Overdose og psykisk helse. I Gjersing, Linn; Clausen, Thomas & Edvardsen, Hilde Marie Erøy (Red.), Overdoseboka. En helhetlig gjennomgang. Cappelen Damm Akademisk. ISSN 9788202852610. s. 65–69. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Boken omhandler et bredt spekter av temaer knyttet til overdoseproblematikk. Den går i dybden på rusmidlers virkning, risikofaktorer og relaterte helseutfordringer. Politikkens og myndighetenes rolle i forebygging og behandling presenteres. Boken utforsker også skadereduksjon og oppfølging i tjenesteapparatet, og gir et innblikk i brukeres, pårørendes og helsepersonells opplevelser og erfaringer. Videre belyses politiets arbeid, obduksjoner og registrering av dødsfall. Målet er at boken kan bidra til en mer helhetlig forståelse, og dermed bedre tjenester og en reduksjon av overdoser.

• Gjersing, Linn; Edvardsen, Hilde Marie Erøy & Clausen, Thomas (2025). Forekomst. I Gjersing, Linn; Clausen, Thomas & Edvardsen, Hilde Marie Erøy (Red.), Overdoseboka. En helhetlig gjennomgang. Cappelen Damm Akademisk. ISSN 9788202852610. s. 47–53. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Boken omhandler et bredt spekter av temaer knyttet til overdoseproblematikk. Den går i dybden på rusmidlers virkning, risikofaktorer og relaterte helseutfordringer. Politikkens og myndighetenes rolle i forebygging og behandling presenteres. Boken utforsker også skadereduksjon og oppfølging i tjenesteapparatet, og gir et innblikk i brukeres, pårørendes og helsepersonells opplevelser og erfaringer. Videre belyses politiets arbeid, obduksjoner og registrering av dødsfall. Målet er at boken kan bidra til en mer helhetlig forståelse, og dermed bedre tjenester og en reduksjon av overdoser.

• Gjersing, Linn; Clausen, Thomas & Edvardsen, Hilde Marie Erøy (2025). Risikofaktorer og kjennetegn. I Gjersing, Linn; Clausen, Thomas & Edvardsen, Hilde Marie Erøy (Red.), Overdoseboka. En helhetlig gjennomgang. Cappelen Damm Akademisk. ISSN 9788202852610. s. 56–62. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Boken omhandler et bredt spekter av temaer knyttet til overdoseproblematikk. Den går i dybden på rusmidlers virkning, risikofaktorer og relaterte helseutfordringer. Politikkens og myndighetenes rolle i forebygging og behandling presenteres. Boken utforsker også skadereduksjon og oppfølging i tjenesteapparatet, og gir et innblikk i brukeres, pårørendes og helsepersonells opplevelser og erfaringer. Videre belyses politiets arbeid, obduksjoner og registrering av dødsfall. Målet er at boken kan bidra til en mer helhetlig forståelse, og dermed bedre tjenester og en reduksjon av overdoser.

• Gjersing, Linn; Edvardsen, Hilde Marie Erøy & Clausen, Thomas (2025). Hva er en overdose? I Gjersing, Linn; Clausen, Thomas & Edvardsen, Hilde Marie Erøy (Red.), Overdoseboka. En helhetlig gjennomgang. Cappelen Damm Akademisk. ISSN 9788202852610. s. 18–22. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Boken omhandler et bredt spekter av temaer knyttet til overdoseproblematikk. Den går i dybden på rusmidlers virkning, risikofaktorer og relaterte helseutfordringer. Politikkens og myndighetenes rolle i forebygging og behandling presenteres. Boken utforsker også skadereduksjon og oppfølging i tjenesteapparatet, og gir et innblikk i brukeres, pårørendes og helsepersonells opplevelser og erfaringer. Videre belyses politiets arbeid, obduksjoner og registrering av dødsfall. Målet er at boken kan bidra til en mer helhetlig forståelse, og dermed bedre tjenester og en reduksjon av overdoser.

• Opheim, Eirik; Malme, Kristian Nødtvedt; Dalgard, Olav; Sørli, Hanne; Backe, Øystein & Foshaug, Tarjei [Vis alle 16 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2025). Changes in Risk Behaviour Among People With Recent Injecting Drug Use in Oslo 2002–2024. Drug and Alcohol Review. ISSN 0959-5236. 45(1). doi: 10.1111/dar.70060. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Lunde, Rose Elisabeth & Smith, Peter Scharff (2025). Punishment. I Kaufmann, Mareile & Lomell, Heidi Mork (Red.), De Gruyter Handbook of Digital Criminology. De Gruyter Brill. ISSN 9783111061931. s. 399–407. doi: 10.1515/9783111062037-046. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  A key question when it comes to contemporary and future practices of punishment, is how these are influenced by the continuous rise of digital technologies, and in turn, how this might affect the purpose, as well as the function of punishment. This chapter addresses digitalization of punishment in connection with three themes: first, surveillance and control, where we will zoom in on the use of electronic monitoring, which has been employed in many jurisdictions. Secondly, we will look at prisons in digitized societies, focusing on video visits, digital surveillance in prisons, internet access, and the recent introduction of smart prisons. Thirdly, we will discuss the development and possible future of punishment in light of the continuous development of digital societies.

• Skurtveit, Svetlana Ondrasova; McDonald, Rebecca Silvia; Handal, Marte; Hamina, Aleksi; Clausen, Thomas & Odsbu, Ingvild (2025). A comparison between individuals who died of intentional versus accidental overdoses. Suicidologi. ISSN 1501-6994. 30(2), s. 4–19. doi: 10.5617/suicidologi.12703. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The aim of the study was to describe differences between deaths from intentional versus accidental overdoses in Norway. This data linkage study comprised six nationwide health- and population registers. During the study period from 2011 to 2019, a total of 1,818 deaths from accidental and 363 deaths from intentional overdoses were registered. Pharmaceutically available opioids were more often found in post-mortem blood samples among intentional overdose deaths compared to accidental overdoses (73.0% vs 36.0%). Decedents in the intentional overdose group were on average eight years older, more frequently women with higher education and previous suicide attempts compared to accidental overdoses. Intentional overdose deaths more frequently had a lifetime history of chronic pain, cancer, as well as depression in the year prior to death. In the 30-day period prior to their death, a larger proportion of individuals in the intentional overdose group were dispensed opioids (43.0 % vs 21.4 %) and/or enzodiazepines (51.5 % vs. 38.7 %) compared to accidental overdoses. Intentional overdose deaths typically involve prescribed medicines and are more common among older, more often female individuals with a history of somatic disorders. This knowledge needs to be integrated into new and targeted prevention interventions.

• Luykx, Jurjen J.; Colgan, Mark; Vieta, Eduard; Hamina, Aleksi; Schulte, Peter F.J. & Correll, Christoph U. [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2025). Transdiagnostic effectiveness and safety of clozapine in individuals with psychotic, affective, and personality disorders: nationwide and meta-analytic comparisons with other antipsychotics. The Lancet Psychiatry. ISSN 2215-0374. 12(12), s. 921–931. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(25)00297-4. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• D'Ottavio, Ginevra; Pezza, Sara; Modoni, Jacopo; Reverte, Ingrid; Marchetti, Claudia & Zenoni, Soami F. [Vis alle 19 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2025). Behavioural and pharmacokinetic analysis of heroin and cocaine self-administration: Effects of timeout on self-administration and choice in male rats. British Journal of Pharmacology. ISSN 0007-1188. 182(13), s. 2968–2985. doi: 10.1111/bph.70023. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background and Purpose Heroin and cocaine users tailor their dosage, frequency and administration route to maximise the drugs' effects or prevent withdrawal symptoms. Counterintuitively, preclinical self-administration and choice experiments employ, almost invariably and regardless of the pharmacokinetic properties of the drug under examination, fixed unit-doses and timeouts (after unit-doses) largely resulting in uniform drug-taking patterns. This uniformity contrasts with the large variability observed in humans, which serves as critical indicator of addiction severity and treatment success. Here, by combining behavioural and pharmacokinetics assessments, we revealed that drug self-administration procedures without timeouts may overcome this limitation. Experimental Approach We analysed heroin- and cocaine-taking patterns and seeking and estimated drug-brain levels in the presence or absence of timeout under different training conditions. Key Results Removing timeouts had a profound effect on heroin-taking patterns and seeking, promoting the emergence of burst-like intake, yielding higher brain peak concentrations of heroin. In contrast, the removal of timeout had marginal impact on cocaine-taking patterns and seeking. Conclusion and Implications The removal of timeout during self-administration revealed distinct cocaine and heroin patterns, with the latter closely resembling human heroin use patterns.

• Melis, Francesca; Castel, Charlotte Jocelyne Yvonne; Eide, Desiree & Clausen, Thomas (2025). Health-related quality of life trajectories of patients in heroin-assisted treatment. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. ISSN 0376-8716. 275. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112839. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background This study investigates health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in individuals with opioid use disorder enrolled in heroin-assisted treatment (HAT). While HRQoL in opioid maintenance treatment has been studied, less is known while in HAT. This study aim is to describe HRQoL in HAT, identify different HRQoL trajectories, and examine factors associated with class memberships. Methods This longitudinal cohort study is based on the multi-center Norwegian HAT project. The sample includes all consenting individuals enrolled in treatment from January 2022 to October 2024 (n = 108). HRQoL was assessed using the EuroQol EQ-5D-5L, and demographics were collected at baseline and multiple time points. Latent class linear mixed models were employed to identify HRQoL trajectory classes and explore differences in class memberships. Results At admission, participants demonstrated significant HRQoL difficulties across all dimensions, with severity levels higher than those of the general Norwegian population, particularly in Pain/Discomfort and Anxiety/Depression. Latent class analysis identified three distinct groups: the largest group (82 %) had a stable HRQoL trajectory, while smaller groups (8 % and 10 %) showed decline and improvement, respectively. Social support, clinic location, parental origin and at least one chronic symptoms were significant predictors of class membership. Conclusion The diverse, lower HRQoL profiles emphasize the need for personalized healthcare and support, making the HAT setting potentially valuable for such tailored care. Treatment participation helps most maintain fairly high HRQoL. The findings confirm the critical role of supportive relationships and effective chronic condition management in HRQoL outcomes.

• Savinen, Suvi; Stavseth, Marianne Riksheim; Bukten, Anne; Tesli, Martin Steen; Fazel, Seena & Chang, Zheng (2025). Prediction of reoffending in people released from prison in Norway: external validation of the OxRec risk assessment tool. Psychology, Crime and Law. ISSN 1068-316X. s. 1–12. doi: 10.1080/1068316x.2025.2581796. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Scalable and evidence-based methods for risk assessment are increasingly required in the criminal justice system. The aim of this study was to externally validate the OxRec risk prediction tool using Norwegian data. Predictors were extracted from administrative registers. Outcomes included violent and any reoffending within 1 and 2 years after prison release. OxRec’s predictive performance was tested in terms of discrimination, calibration, and classification according to predetermined thresholds. A total of 26,863 individuals (median age = 36 [IQR 27–46]; 90% male) were included, of whom 29% and 39% reoffended within 1 and 2 years, respectively. After recalibration, discrimination of OxRec was good, with AUCs ranging from 0.721 to 0.774. Sensitivity and specificity depended on the outcome, with sensitivity ranging from 72% to 86% and specificity from 44% to 70%. The model was well-calibrated. To conclude, a recalibrated version of the OxRec tool demonstrated good predictive performance for risk of violent reoffending and any reoffending within 1 and 2 years after release from prison. It has the potential to be implemented in the Norwegian criminal justice system to supplement professional judgement and assist with providing appropriate support measures upon prison release.

• Fosen, Jan Toralf; Bleka, Øyvind; Hjelmeland, Knut Johan; Kristoffersen, Lena & Høiseth, Gudrun (2025). Elimination of EtG and EtS between two consecutive blood samples in apprehended drivers. Forensic Science International. ISSN 0379-0738. 378. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112700. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Aim Ethyl glucuronide (EtG) and ethyl sulphate (EtS) are non-oxidative metabolites of ethanol, valuable as biomarkers of alcohol consumption in forensic and clinical contexts. This study aims to calculate the elimination half-lives (t₁/₂) of EtG and EtS in apprehended drivers based on two consecutive blood samples, enhancing the reliability of forensic alcohol consumption assessments. Methods Data was extracted from a database including apprehended drivers in Norway from 2019 to 2024. The study included suspected drunk drivers in which ethanol, EtG and EtS were detected in two consecutive blood samples, drawn at least 20 min apart. In cases where the blood alcohol concentration (BAC) was at or below 0.20 g/kg, in at least one sample, the t₁/₂ was estimated using both empirical and Bayesian statistical methods. Results In 670 cases, ethanol, EtG and EtS were detected in two consecutive samples. In 20 of these, the BAC was below 0.20 g/kg. In these 20 cases, the median time between blood samples was 0.46 h. The empirical calculations of t₁/₂ for cases with declining EtG and EtS concentrations yielded a median of 2.6 h for EtG and 2.4 h for EtS. A strong positive correlation was found between empirical t₁/₂ of EtG and EtS (rs=0.81, p < 0.001). Conclusions The t₁/₂ values for EtG and EtS in apprehended drivers are comparable to those reported in experimental studies. The findings contribute to forensic alcohol assessments and legal expert reports. Additional research is needed to investigate EtG and EtS elimination kinetics in real-life impaired driving scenarios.

• Rolová, Gabriela; Skurtveit, Svetlana Ondrasova; Mravčík, Viktor & Gabrhelík, Roman (2025). Preexisting morbidity and 2-year treatment retention in opioid agonist treatment. A population-based data-linkage study in the Czech Republic. Addiction Research and Theory. ISSN 1606-6359. s. 1–11. doi: 10.1080/16066359.2025.2605955. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Objective: Limited research exists on how preexisting comorbidities impact retention in opioid agonist treatment (OAT). This study aimed to (1) describe OAT retention and participation, and (2) examine the association of preexisting comorbidities and other patient characteristics with 24-month retention.Methods: This registry-based nationwide cohort study used linked health records of 1,553individuals newly initiating OAT in the Czech Republic between 2011 and 2017. Logistic regression assessed the relationship between mental disorders, hepatitis C (HCV), Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), age, sex, and type of OAT medication and retention.Results: At 24-month follow-up, less than half of patients (44.9% of men and 47.0% of women) remained in continuous treatment. Interrupted treatment occurred in 11.0% of men and 13.2% of women, while 42.0% and 39.4%, respectively, discontinued after a single episode. The mean treatment duration was 489 ± 272 days for men and 498 ± 273 days for women, corresponding to mean participation of 67.0% and 68.2%, respectively. Methadone use was associated with lower retention compared with buprenorphine (aOR ¼ 0.46,95% CI ¼ 0.35–0.62). Higher CCI (OR ¼ 0.85, 0.76–0.94) and HCV (OR ¼ 0.67, 0.53–0.86)were associated with lower retention in crude models, but lost significance after adjustment.Other comorbidities had no effect on OAT retention.Conclusions: Preexisting mental and physical comorbidities did not significantly affect OAT retention, though their high prevalence warrants clinical attention. Lower retention among patients receiving methadone raises public health, clinical, and ethical concerns regarding restrictive OAT regimes in the Czech Republic.

Se alle arbeider i NVA

• Ugelvik, Thomas; Lunde, Rose Elisabeth & Nyvoll, Pernille (2026). Helsefremmende fengsler? Helseerfaringer, autonomi og mulighetene for håp i fengsel. Fagbokforlaget. ISBN 9788245051162. 261 s. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Kan fengsler være helsefremmende? Spørsmålet kan virke overraskende – kanskje også provoserende. Fengsler forbindes ofte med belastning, isolasjon og skade. Forskning viser klare sammenhenger mellom fengsling og psykiske helseutfordringer, selvskading og selvmord. Fengselslivet innebærer ofte inaktivitet, rusproblemer og forsterkede traumer. Fengselet setter mennesker i en sårbar situasjon – fysisk, psykisk og sosialt. Med dette som bakteppe kan tanken om et helsefremmende fengsel virke fjern. Likevel er det her denne boken begynner. Den undersøker hvordan fengselslivet også kan romme muligheter for mestring, og hvorfor det er viktig å studere helsefremmende praksiser – selv når de fremstår som unntak. Boken tar utgangspunkt i innsattes egne erfaringer. Den belyser helse og uhelse bak murene, kriminalomsorgens utvikling og helsetjenestene i fengsel. Gjennom temaer som kropp og rom, identitet, relasjoner, tid, mening og håp viser forfatterne hva et bedre fengsel kan innebære. Avslutningsvis reiser forfatterne spørsmål om ambisjonsnivået i kriminalomsorgen. Norske fengsler omtales ofte som velfungerende, med få rømninger og relativt lav tilbakefall til kriminalitet. Men er det godt nok? Eller bør vi stille høyere krav til hva fengselsinstitusjonen skal være – og til hvordan et helsefremmende fengsel kan se ut i praksis?

Se alle arbeider i NVA

• Lunde, Rose Elisabeth; Nyvoll, Pernille & Ugelvik, Thomas (2026). Kan fengsler være helsefremmende? Oppspill og intro av dagens tema med utgangspunkt i boken «Helsefremmende fengsler?». Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Andreas, Jasmina Burdzovic; Hanoa, Kristin; Scheffels, Janne & Rossow, Ingeborg Margrete (2026). Skole- og familieprogrammer for å forebygge rusmiddelbruk: evidens for effekt i internasjonal litteratur og vurderinger av gjennomførbarhet i norsk kontekst. doi: https:/www.helsedirektoratet.no/om-oss/forsoksordninger-og-prosjekter/nasjonalt-program-for-rusforebyggende-arbeid-blant-barn-og-unge/_/attachment/inline/437d75b8-d43c-4934-8165-3424286cc80f:015790f066ef2fe02ff531ae79fd7d977951d6c0/Familie-%20og%20skoleprogrammer%20i%20ISDUP%20og%20EUPC%20og%20bruk%20av%20disse%20i%20en%20norsk%20kontekst.pdf. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Lunde, Rose Elisabeth (2026). Healthy prisons? Experiences of health, autonomy and the possibility of hope in prison. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Holmøy, Bjørn; Marciuch, Anne; Bukten, Anne; Tanum, Lars Håkon Reiestad & Skjærvø, Ingeborg (2026). Chronic pain in patients with opioid use disorder. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Lunde, Rose Elisabeth; Nyvoll, Pernille & Ugelvik, Thomas (2026). Norske fengsler trenger mer enn krisehåndtering. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Underbemanning og isolasjon har blitt den nye normalen.

• Lunde, Rose Elisabeth (2026). Healthy prisons? Experiences of health, autonomy, and the possibility of hope in prison. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Lunde, Rose Elisabeth (2026). Prehab and punishment: drug treatment in prisons. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Lunde, Rose Elisabeth & Hol, Maud (2026). For «Amalie» var det knusende å komme i fengsel. Men der ble hun rusfri. - Forskningsnytt. [Internet]. UiO Forskningsnytt. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Lunde, Rose Elisabeth & Lykke, Emilie (2026). Da tekst-TV forsvant bak murene – Stor-Oslo. [Journal]. NRK. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  For de fleste var det en nostalgisk kuriositet. For mange innsatte var det en av få koblinger til verden utenfor.

• Lunde, Rose Elisabeth & Kleve, Marie-Louise (2026). Kan fengselet være et rom for følelser? [Journal]. Erlik Oslo. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Johnsen, Berit; Todd-Kvam, John James Rea; Appleton, Catherine Amelia; Stavseth, Marianne Riksheim; Dahl, Hilde & Bukten, Anne (2026). Prevalence and patterns of mental health disorders in long-term preventive detention: a 13-year national cohort study/ To stop or continue counting? Calculating reconviction leading to imprisonment after preventive detention in Norway. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skurtveit, Svetlana Ondrasova (2026). Preventing an Opioid epidemic In Norway: Focusing on Treatment of chronic pain foredrag. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bukten, Anne; Mehlum, Lars; Fazel, Seena; Lokdam, Nicoline Toresen; Skurtveit, Svetlana Ondrasova & Ericson, Øystein Bruun [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Risikofaktorer for selvmord under fengsling og etter løslatelse. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bukten, Anne; Mehlum, Lars; Fazel, Seena; Lokdam, Nicoline Toresen; Tverborgvik, Torill & Skurtveit, Svetlana Ondrasova [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Psykisk helse i fengsel. Risikofaktorer for selvmord under fengsling og etter løslatelse. doi: https:/www.fagligforum.no/event/rus-og-psykisk-helse-2026/. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Lokdam, Nicoline Toresen; Stavseth, Marianne Riksheim; Favril, Louis; Scarth, Morgan Elizabeth; Tverborgvik, Torill & Andersen, Lars Højsgaard [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Isolasjon og psykisk helse i norske fengsler. doi: https:/www.fagligforum.no/event/rus-og-psykisk-helse-2026/. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bukten, Anne & Stavseth, Marianne Riksheim (2026). Hva vet vi om overdoser etter løslatelse i fengsel? doi: https:/www.fagligforum.no/event/rus-og-psykisk-helse-2026/. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skurtveit, Svetlana Ondrasova (2026). Vanedannende legemidler – trender og bruk. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skurtveit, Svetlana Ondrasova (2026). Vanedannende legemidler – trender og bruk. doi: https:/www.akan.no/kursoversikt. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skurtveit, Svetlana Ondrasova & Odsbu, Ingvild (2026). Rekvirenttilbakemeldinger (tiltak 10.2) og kunnskap (tiltak 10.5). Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Odsbu, Ingvild (2026). Legemiddelavhengighet og overdoser. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skurtveit, Svetlana Ondrasova (2026). Har vi en opioid-epidemi? doi: https:/relis.no/kurs_og_seminar/44920/. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Lunde, Rose Elisabeth & Eide, Desiree (2025). Evaluering av Brukerromsordningen i Norge: funn og hovedtrekk. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bukten, Anne (2025). En urovekkende stor andel innsatte dør etter løslatelse fra fengsel. [Internet]. forskning.no. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Særlig er den første uken etter løslatelse kritisk, viser en ny studie.

• Bukten, Anne (2025). (+) Mener vi vet for lite om selvmordene som skjer etter løslatelse fra fengsel. [Journal]. psykologisk.no. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  – Vi ser at personer som fengsles har høy risiko for selvmord, både under fengsling og etter løslatelse, sier forsker Anne Bukten. Hun mener vi burde forske mer på hvordan fengsel som institusjon påvirker et menneske negativt – også etter løslatelse.

• Bukten, Anne (2025). Priser til fremragende forskningsartikler publisert høsten 2024 - Oslo universitetssykehus HF. [Internet]. oslo-universitetssykehus.no. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Oslo universitetssykehus deler hvert halvår ut priser til seks fremragende forskningsartikler med sentrale forfattere fra sykehuset. 27. mai ble prisene delt ut for artikler publisert i andre halvår 2024.

• Bukten, Anne; Stavseth, Marianne Riksheim & Rognli, Eline B. (2025). Rusforskere tildelt pris for årets originalartikkel i Tidsskriftet - Institutt for klinisk medisin. [Internet]. med.uio.no. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Artikkelen fokuserer på bakgrunnen til pasienter under tvungent psykisk helsevern. Den er et forskningssamarbeid mellom Senter for rus- og avhengighetsforskning (SERAF) ved UiO og Klinikk psykisk helsevern og avhengighet (RusForsk) ved OUS.

• Stavseth, Marianne Riksheim & Bukten, Anne (2025). OUS-pris til forskningsartikkel om LAR og dødelighet etter fengsel - Oslo universitetssykehus HF. [Internet]. oslo-universitetssykehus.no. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Studien viser hvordan legemiddelassistert rehabilitering (LAR) i fengsel kan redusere risikoen for dødelighet etter løslatelse, og er nå tildelt OUS’ pris for fremragende originalartikkel.

• Rognli, Eline B.; Stavseth, Marianne Riksheim; Gundersen, Ingunn Margareetta & Reikvam, Håkon (2025). Pris til studie om tvungent psykisk helsevern og tidligere kriminalitet. [Journal]. tidsskriftet.no. doi: https:/tidsskriftet.no/2025/03/nytt-om-navn/pris-til-studie-om-tvungent-psykisk-helsevern-og-tidligere-kriminalitet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Fire rusforskere er tildelt prisen for årets originalartikkel i Tidsskriftet. Studien viser at personer som dømmes til tvungent psykisk helsevern, ofte er gjengangere i rettsvesenet.

• Tverborgvik, Torill & Bukten, Anne (2025). Skissesøknad DAM 2025: Personer dømt til Program mot ruspåvirket kjøring. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bukten, Anne; Stavseth, Marianne Riksheim & Tverborgvik, Torill (2025). Levekår, rus og psykisk helse blant domfelte: Fokus på unge, eldre og migrasjon. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bukten, Anne; Mehlum, Lars; Lokdam, Nicoline Toresen; Fazel, Seena; Tverborgvik, Torill & Skurtveit, Svetlana Ondrasova [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2025). Suicides among people in prison. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bukten, Anne (2025). Rus blant personer fengslet for voldskriminalitet- Et utøverperspektiv. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Lokdam, Nicoline Toresen; Stavseth, Marianne Riksheim; Tverborgvik, Torill & Bukten, Anne (2025). Registrert isolasjon i norske fengsler 2015 - 2022. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bukten, Anne (2025). The impact of opioid agonist treatment on preventing post - release overdoses. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Lokdam, Nicoline Toresen; Frøjd, Lars Aastebøl; Ferrand, Lisa Elvebakk; Stavseth, Marianne Riksheim; Bukten, Anne & Svendsen, Vegard Testad (2025). Cardiovascular disease among women in prison. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bukten, Anne & Stavseth, Marianne Riksheim (2025). Overdose and all - cause mortality after prison release – Possibilities in the Norwegian Prison Release Study ( nPRIS ). Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Tverborgvik, Torill; Stavseth, Marianne Riksheim; Lokdam, Nicoline Toresen & Bukten, Anne (2025). Personar med psykisk utviklingshemming og autism e i norske fengsler 2009 - 2022. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bukten, Anne (2025). Bruk av registerdata i PriSUD - prosjektet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bukten, Anne (2025). FoU Rus og psykisk helse inspirasjonsseminar. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bukten, Anne & Skjærvø, Ingeborg (2025). Hvem er barn og unge voksne i norske fengsler? Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Lunde, Rose Elisabeth (2025). Rusmestringsenhetene i fengsel. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Tverborgvik, Torill (2025). Rus og psykisk helse blant innsatte i fengsel – kunnskap fra Levekårsundersøkelsen. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Tverborgvik, Torill (2025). Levekår, rus og psykisk helse blant personer som har vært fengslet eller gjennomført straff i samfunn, 2010 - 2022. doi: https:/sifernord.no/arrangementer/konferanse-sammen-om-mestring-av-vold-og-seksuallovbrudsproblematikk/. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bukten, Anne (2025). Risiko for selvmord under fengsling og etter løslatelse. doi: https:/www.med.uio.no/klinmed/forskning/sentre/nssf/utdanning-kurs-konferanser/konferanser/13.-nasjonale-konferanse-om-selvmordsforskning-og-/bilder-13.-nasjonale/program.13-nasjonale-konferanse-08.2025.pdf. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bukten, Anne (2025). Risiko for overdose etter løslatelse fra fengsel. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bukten, Anne (2025). Overdose og selvmord etter løslatelse fra fengsel. doi: https:/www.rusfeltet.no/arkiv/fullsatt-sal-og-faglig-engasjement-pa-straff-og-rus-2025. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bukten, Anne (2025). Overdose etter løslatelse fra fengsel - Tidstrentrender, risiko og beskyttende faktorer. doi: https:/www.kursguiden.no/pdf_program/86406_program_konferanse_om_rus_og_overdoseforebygging_5.11.6.11_2025.pdf. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bukten, Anne (2025). Sammenhengen mellom ruslidelser og risiko for selvmord etter løslatelse fra fengsel. doi: https:/www.med.uio.no/klinmed/forskning/sentre/seraf/aktuelt/arrangementer/seminarer/seminarer-2025/vettre-seminaret.html. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bukten, Anne (2025). Betydningen av LAR-behandling for å redusere overdose og selvmord etter løslatelse fra fengsel. doi: https:/korus.no/ost/program-lavterskelkonferansen-2025. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Odsbu, Ingvild (2025). Oversikt over opioidbruk i Norge. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skurtveit, Svetlana Ondrasova (2025). Har vi en opioid-epidemi? doi: https:/relis.no/kurs_og_seminar/44756/. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Tverborgvik, Torill (2025). Levekår, rus og psykisk helse blant personar med gjennomført straff. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Tverborgvik, Torill (2025). Levekår, rus og psykisk helse blant personar med gjennomført straff. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skjærvø, Ingeborg; Marciuch, Anne; Digranes, Linn Camilla Wergeland; Follerås, Lena M; Mordal, Jon & Solli, Kristin Klemmetsby [Vis alle 14 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2025). JMIR Research Protocols - Chronic Pain and Posttraumatic Stress Among Patients in Substance Use Treatment: Protocol for NOR-APT, a Longitudinal Cohort Study. doi: 10.2196/67663. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background: Chronic pain conditions and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are highly prevalent among patients with substance use disorders (SUDs). Both can impact outcomes of SUD treatment and quality of life. There is a need for a large-scale study on the overlap of and interactions between SUD, chronic pain, and PTSD. Objective: The Norwegian Addiction, Pain and Trauma study (NOR-APT) is the first longitudinal study to describe how substance use and outcomes of SUD treatment are impacted by (1) chronic pain and pain characteristics and (2) interactions between comorbid chronic pain and PTSD. Methods: Self-reported questionnaire data were collected from patients in all types of SUD treatment at four hospital sites in Norway. The questionnaire data on substance use, pain, and posttraumatic stress symptoms will be combined with retrospective and prospective longitudinal data from high-quality demographic and health registries. The registry data cover, for example, treatment episodes, diagnoses, and prescribed medications and socioeconomic variables, with a follow-up period of altogether 20 years (approximately 2008-2029). Results: Questionnaire data were collected during March 2021-June 2024. Altogether 1890 patients were approached, and 1645 (87%) questionnaires were completed. The estimated final sample size pending data cleaning (eg, removal of duplicates and validation of consent forms) is 1400-1500. Linkage of registry data for approximately 1000 with valid ID numbers and consent is planned for 2026 (retrospective) and 2029/2030 (prospective). At least 10 publications are planned in the period 2025-2028, based on funding received from the Foundation Dam, the Norwegian Research Council, Akershus University Hospital, and Oslo University Hospital. We plan to apply for further funding related to the use of the prospective registry data. Conclusions: Results from the NOR-APT study will contribute to a better understanding of SUD, chronic pain and PTSD comorbidities, their interactions, trajectories and impact on SUD treatment outcomes, and subjective quality of life. Results can also contribute knowledge toward the development and assessment of treatment interventions that can improve SUD treatment outcomes. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04908410; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04908410

• Hanoa, Kristin; Lunde, Rose Elisabeth; Beisland, Sunniva Husevåg & Eide, Desiree (2026). Evaluering av Overdosefare.no. Tidlig implementering og bruk 2026. Senter for Rus- og Avhengighetsforskning (Seraf), UiO. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Lund, Marianne; Scheffels, Janne; Sæbø, Gunnar; Hanoa, Kristin; Fjær, Eivind Grip & Moan, Inger Synnøve (2026). Rusforebygging i skolen II. En kvalitativ undersøkelse av læreres, rektorers og helsesykepleieres erfaringer og perspektiver. Folkehelseinstituttet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Eide, Desiree; Ericson, Øystein Bruun & Clausen, Thomas (2025). Et forslag til plan for rusmiddeltestingstjenester i fire norske byer; på oppdrag fra Helsedirektoratet. Universitetet i Oslo. doi: https:/www.med.uio.no/klinmed/forskning/sentre/seraf/publikasjoner/rapporter/2025/seraf-rapport-1-2025---forslag-til-plan-rusmiddeltesting.pdf. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• McDonald, Rebecca Silvia; Bech, Anne Berit & Clausen, Thomas (2025). Evaluering av implementeringen av revidert nasjonal faglig retningslinje for legemiddelassistert rehabilitering (LAR) ved opioidavhengighet. Universitetet i Oslo. doi: https:/www.med.uio.no/klinmed/forskning/sentre/seraf/publikasjoner/rapporter/2025/seraf-rapport-2-2025---evaluering-av-implementeringen-av-revidert-nasjonal-faglig-retningslinje-for-lar.pdf. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bukten, Anne; Lillevold, Pål Henrik; Skeie, Ivar & Clausen, Thomas (2025). SERAF rapport nr 5/2025 Statusrapport 2024. Universitetet i Oslo. doi: https:/www.med.uio.no/klinmed/forskning/sentre/seraf/publikasjoner/rapporter/2025/seraf-rapport-nr-5-2025-statusrapport-2024.pdf.pdf. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv

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