Frode Eick

• Eick, Frode; Vallersnes, Odd Martin; Fjeld, Heidi; Sørbye, Ingvil; Storkås, Guro & Ekrem, Marthe [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Use of non-governmental maternity services and pregnancy outcomes among undocumented women: a cohort study from Norway. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. ISSN 1471-2393. 22(1). doi: 10.1186/s12884-022-05112-0.
• Eick, Frode; Maleta, K; Govasmark, Espen; Duttaroy, Asim K. & Bjune, Gunnar Aksel (2009). Food intake of selenium and sulphur amino acids in tuberculosis patients and healthy adults in Malawi. The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. ISSN 1027-3719. 13(10), s. 1313–1315.

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• Eick, Frode; Vallersnes, Odd Martin; Fjeld, Heidi; Sørbye, Ingvil; Ruud, Sven Eirik & Dahl, Cecilie (2022). Use of an emergency primary clinic in Oslo by pregnant undocumented migrants compared to pregnant residents of Norway.
• Eick, Frode; Vallersnes, Odd Martin; Fjeld, Heidi; Sørbye, Ingvil; Ruud, Sven Eirik & Dahl, Cecilie (2022). Utilization of an emergency primary care clinic in Oslo by pregnant undocumented migrants compared to pregnant residents of Norway.
• Eick, Frode; Vallersnes, Odd Martin; Fjeld, Heidi; Sørbye, Ingvil; Storkås, Guro & Ekrem, Marthe [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Use of non-governmental maternity services and pregnancy outcomes among undocumented women: a cohort study from Norway. Vis sammendrag

  In 2011, Norway granted pregnant undocumented women the right to antenatal care and to give birth at a hospital, but did not include them in the general practitioner and reimbursement schemes. In addition, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO) have been running health clinics for undocumented migrants. There is a need to investigate how pregnant undocumented women use NGO clinics and how this affects their maternal health. We therefore investigated the care received, occurrence of pregnancy-related complications and maternal and perinatal outcomes in women receiving care at these clinics. In this historic cohort study we included pregnant women aged 18-49 who attended urban NGO clinics between 2009-2020 and retrieved their medical records from the hospitals in the uptake area. We compared women based on region of origin using log-binominal regression to estimate relative risk of adverse outcomes. We identified 582 pregnancies in 500 women during the study period. About half (46.5%) the women sought antenatal care after the first trimester. The women had median 1 (IQR 1-3) antenatal visit at the NGO clinics which referred 77.7% of the women to public health care. In 205 retrieved deliveries, there was a 45.9% risk for any adverse outcome. The overall risk of stillbirth was 1.0%, pre-term birth 10.3%, and emergency caesarean section 19.3%. Pregnant undocumented women who use NGO clinics receive substandard antenatal care and have a high risk of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. This study suggests that increased attention should be given to ensure the accessibility of adequate antenatal care to undocumented women.

• Eick, Frode; Vallersnes, Odd Martin; Sørbye, Ingvil; Ebbing, Cathrine; Storkås, Guro & Ekrem, Marthe [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Pregnant undocumented women’s use of two humanitarian clinics between 2009-2020 and their maternal outcomes in Norway: A cohort study.
• Austad, Ragnhild Helen; Sandbakken, Elisabeth; Sandrib, Hanna; Aavitsland, Preben; Bruun, Johan N & Eick, Frode [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Smittsomme sykdommer blant pasienter ved Helsesenter for papirløse migranter i Oslo. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001. 140. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.19.0074.
• Myhrvold, Trine & Eick, Frode (2017). Frykt, flukt, men ingen fremtid; erfaringer og utfordringer i arbeidet for mennesker uten lovlig opphold.
• Ottesen, Solveig Holmedal; Eick, Frode & Hilden, Per Kristian (2015). Erfaringer fra Helsesenteret for papirløse migranter, Eksepsjonell velferd? Irregulære migranter i det norske velferdssamfunnet. Gyldendal Juridisk. ISSN 978-82-05-48425-2. s. 146–164.
• Eick, Frode & Cassidy, Roger (2013). Hivtester papirløse migranter. Tidsskriftet sykepleien. ISSN 0806-7511. 101(3), s. 60–63. doi: 10.4220/sykepleiens.2013.0009.
• Myhrvold, Trine & Eick, Frode (2010). Undocumentedness, human rights and nurses’ obligations: An appeal to International Council of Nurses. Vis sammendrag

  There is a huge protection gap between undocumented migrants’ need of health care and access to health care all over the world. Various authorities such as police, immigration authorities and health professionals are facing dilemmas which occur in the middle of the ongoing, unsolved conflict of interest between human rights, health care, social welfare and the security and sovereignty of the modern state. In the area concerning the marginalization of undocumented migrants, there is most likely a complex interplay between every person’s vulnerability, national law and financing systems, and health professionals’ awareness of human rights. Language barriers and cultural constraints impact on undocumented migrants’ ability to apply for assistance as well as the health professionals’ ability to access their need for health care. In addition, this very state of undocumentedness implies a fear of police and immigration authorities, which represents a considerably stressful condition in their lives. We are asking: What is important to ethics of care to make us playing a part to decrease this protection gap?

• Eick, Frode (2010). Selenium and tuberculosis Reply. The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. ISSN 1027-3719. 14(5), s. 659–659.

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