Siste publikasjoner - Avdeling for Samfunnsmedisin og global helse

• Tatara, Naoe; Hammer, Hugo Lewi; Mirkovic, Jelena; Kjøllesdal, Marte Karoline Råberg & Andreassen, Hege Kristin (2019). Associations Between Immigration-Related User Factors and eHealth Activities for Self-Care: Case of First-Generation Immigrants From Pakistan in the Oslo Area, Norway. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance.  ISSN 2369-2960. . doi: 10.2196/11998
• Rivenes Lafontan, Sara; Kidanto, Hussein L.; Ersdal, Hege Langli; Mbekenga, Columba K. & Sundby, Johanne (2019). Perceptions and experiences of skilled birth attendants on using a newly developed strap-on electronic fetal heart rate monitor in Tanzania. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth.  ISSN 1471-2393.  19:165, s 1- 10 . doi: 10.1186/s12884-019-2286-7
• Ahmed, Soheir H; Meyer, Haakon E; Kjøllesdal, Marte Karoline Råberg; Marjerrison, Niki; Mdala, Ibrahimu; Htet, Aung Soe; Bjertness, Espen & Madar, Ahmed Ali (2019). The prevalence of selected risk factors for non-communicable diseases in Hargeisa, Somaliland: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health.  ISSN 1471-2458.  19 . doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-7101-x
• Dieleman, Joseph L.; Cowling, Krycia; Agyepong, Irene Akua; Alkenbrack, Sarah; Bollyky, Thomas J.; Bump, Jesse B.; Chen, Catherine S.; Grépin, Karen A.; Haakenstad, Annie; Harle, Anton C.; Kates, Jennifer; Lavado, Rouselle F.; Micah, Angela E.; Ottersen, Trygve; Tandon, Ajay; Tsakalos, Golsum; Wu, Junjie; Zhao, Yingxi; Zlavog, Bianca S. & Murray, Christopher J. L. (2019). The G20 and development assistance for health: historical trends and crucial questions to inform a new era. The Lancet.  ISSN 0140-6736.  394(10193), s 173- 183 . doi: 10.1016/ S0140-6736(19)31333-9
• Nordfalk, Jenny Maria; Gulbrandsen, Pål; Gerwing, Jennifer; Nylenna, Magne & Menichetti, Julia (2019). Development of a measurement system for complex oral information transfer in medical consultations. BMC Medical Research Methodology.  ISSN 1471-2288.  19 . doi: 10.1186/s12874-019-0788-7
• Bergland, Astrid & Strand, Bjørn Heine (2019). Norwegian reference values for the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB): the Tromso Study.. BMC Geriatrics.  ISSN 1471-2318. . doi: 10.1186/s12877-019-1234-8
• Magodi, Richard; Mmbaga, Elia John; Masaga, Julius; Lyimo, Dafrosa; Mfuru, Alex & Abade, Ahmed (2019). Factors associated with non-uptake of measles-rubella vaccine second dose among children under five years in Mtwara district council, Tanzania, 2017. Pan African Medical Journal.  ISSN 1937-8688. . doi: 10.11604/pamj.2019.33.67.17055 Vis sammendrag

  Introduction: in 2014, Tanzania introduced the combined measles-rubella vaccine in the routine immunization schedule. Two doses of measles-rubella vaccine (MR1 and MR2) are recommended at 9 and 18 months, respectively. In 2015, MR2 coverage among eligible 18-month-old children in Tanzania was only 57%, lower than the WHO-recommended coverage (95%). During the same period Mtwara District Council (MDC) reported a coverage of 52% which is lower than the nation average. We determined factors associated with non-uptake of MR2 among children in MDC Tanzania. Methods: we conducted a community-based cross-sectional survey using cluster sampling during January - April 2017 in MDC. Caretakers of children born during January 2014 - January 2015 and residing in MDC for the past three years were recruited. We interviewed participants and reviewed vaccination cards. Logistic regression modeling was employed to identify independent factors associated with uptake of MR2. Results: of 1,000 children assessed, 558 (55.8%) were unvaccinated with MR2. Factors independently associated with non-uptake of MR2 included the caretaker being unaware of the ages for MR1 and MR2 administration [aOR=3.50; 95%CI 1.98-6.21; p

• Rubagumya, Fidelis; Nyagabona, Sarah; Msami, Khadija; Murinakiza, A; Leyna, Germana Henry; Mmbaga, Elia John & van Loon, Katherine (2019). Attitudes and Barriers to Research Among Oncology Trainees in East Africa. The Oncologist.  ISSN 1083-7159. . doi: 10.1634/theoncologist.2018-0805 Vis sammendrag

  BACKGROUND: East Africa is one of the fastest growing regions in the world and faces a rising burden of cancer; however, few people are equipped to effectively conduct research in this area. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 31-item questionnaire was distributed to current trainees and recent graduates of the Master in Medicine in Clinical Oncology Program at Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences in Tanzania. Areas that were assessed included (a) demographic information, (b) prior research training, (c) prior and current research activities, (d) attitudes toward the importance of research, and (e) supports and barriers to inclusion of research in an oncology career path. RESULTS: A total of 30 individuals responded to the survey, of whom 53% (n = 16) were male and 70% (n = 21) identified as current trainees. Among the majority of respondents, attitudes toward research were strongly favorable. Although only 37% (n = 11) reported receiving any formal training in research methodology, 87% (n = 26) reported intentions to incorporate research into their careers. The absence of protected time for research and lack of access to research funding opportunities were identified by a majority of respondents as critical barriers. CONCLUSION: A majority of current or recent oncology trainees in Tanzania desire to incorporate research into their careers, but most also lack adequate training in research methodology and longitudinal mentorship. Our future collaboration will focus on creation of appropriate research training curriculums and fostering an environment that catalyzes interprofessional development and transforms and extends context-specific cancer research in East Africa. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Current and recent oncology trainees in East Africa expressed a high enthusiasm for research, driven by a sense of urgency related to the burden from cancer that the region faces. This highlights the need for cancer research training and mentorship in this setting. This work hypothesizes that African principal investigators can operate effectively if proper attention is given to selection and provision of high-quality foundational didactic training to learn the theory and implementation of research as well as to the development of an environment conducive to mentoring.

• Ranhoff, Anette Hylen; Hygen, Hans Olav; Di Ruscio, Francesco; Rao, Shilpa & Strand, Bjørn Heine (2019). The warm summer of 2018 – increased mortality among older people?. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001. . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.19.0167
• Fossum, Stine; Næss, Øyvind; Halvorsen, Sigrun; Tell, Grethe S. & Vikanes, Åse (2019). Long-term cardiovascular morbidity following hyperemesis gravidarum: A Norwegian nationwide cohort study. PLoS ONE.  ISSN 1932-6203.  14:e0218051(6), s 1- 12 . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218051
• Ciren, Baizhen & Fjeld, Heidi E (2019). Pragmatics of everyday life: A qualitative study of induced abortion among Tibetan women in Lhasa. Health Care for Women International.  ISSN 0739-9332.
• Strand, Bjørn Heine; Knapskog, Anne-Brita; Persson, Karin Ester Torun; Holt Edwin, Trine; Bjertness, Espen; Engedal, Knut & Selbæk, Geir (2019). The Loss in Expectation of Life due to Early-Onset Mild Cognitive Impairment and Early-Onset Dementia in Norway. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders.  ISSN 1420-8008. . doi: 10.1159/000501269
• Thurn, Tamara; Borasio, Gian Domenico; Chio, Adriano; Galvin, Miriam; McDermott, Christopher J.; Mora, Gabriele; Sermeus, Walter; Winkler, Andrea Sylvia & Anneser, Johanna (2019). Physicians' attitudes toward end-of-life decisions in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Degeneration.  ISSN 2167-8421.  20(1-2), s 74- 81 . doi: 10.1080/21678421.2018.1536154
• Hjertholm, Katrine Gjermundnes; Holmboe-Ottesen, Gerd; Iversen, Per Ole; Mdala, Ibrahimu; Munthali, Alister; Maleta, Kenneth; Shi, Zumin; Ferguson, Elaine & Kamudoni, Penjani Rhoda (2019). Seasonality in associations between dietary diversity scores and nutrient adequacy ratios among pregnant women in rural Malawi - a cross-sectional study. Food & Nutrition Research.  ISSN 1654-6628. . doi: 10.29219/fnr.v63.2712
• Nicolaisen, Magnhild; Strand, Bjørn Heine & Thorsen, Kirsten (2019). Aging With a Physical Disability, Duration of Disability, and Life Satisfaction: A 5-Year Longitudinal Study Among People Aged 40 to 79 Years. The International Journal of Aging & Human Development.  ISSN 0091-4150. . doi: 10.1177/0091415019857061
• Mubanga, Chishimba; Mwape, Kabemba E.; Phiri, Isaac K.; Trevisan, Chiara; Zulu, Gideon; Chabala, Chishala; van Damme, Inge; Schmidt, Veronika; Dorny, Pierre & Gabriël, Sarah (2019). Progress on the development of rapid diagnostic tests for foodborne neglected zoonotic helminthiases: A systematic review. Acta Tropica.  ISSN 0001-706X.  194, s 135- 147 . doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.03.030
• Høstmark, Arne Torbjørn & Haug, Anna (2019). The inverse association between relative abundances of oleic acid and arachidonic acid: A case of distribution dependent regulation?. Lipids in Health and Disease.  ISSN 1476-511X.  18(1) . doi: 10.1186/s12944-019-1067-7
• Suren, Pål; Havdahl, Alexandra; Bresnahan, Michaeline; Hirtz, Deborah; Hornig, Mady; Lord, Catherine; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Schjølberg, Synnve; Øyen, Anne-Siri; Magnus, Per; Susser, Ezra; Lipkin, W. Ian & Stoltenberg, Camilla (2019). Sensitivity and specificity of early screening for autism. BJPsych Open.  ISSN 2056-4724.  5(3) . doi: 10.1192/bjo.2019.34 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Solnes Miltenburg, Andrea; van Pelt, Sandra; de bruijn, willemijn & Shields-Zeeman, Laura (2019). Mobilizing community action to improve maternal health in a rural district in Tanzania: lessons learned from two years of community group activities. Global health action.  ISSN 1654-9880.
• Jenum, Anne Karen; Brekke, Idunn; Mdala, Ibrahimu; Muilwijk, Mirthe; Ramachandran, Ambady; Kjøllesdal, Marte Karoline Råberg; Andersen, Eivind; Richardsen, Kåre Rønn; Douglas, Anne; Cezard, Genevieve; Sheikh, Aziz; Celis-Morales, Carlos; M. R. Gill, Jason; S. Bhopal, Raj; Beune, Erik; Stronks, Karien; Vandvik, Per Olav & G. M. van Valkengoed, Irene (2019). Effects of dietary and physical activity interventions on the riskof type 2 diabetes in South Asians: meta-analysis of individualparticipant data from randomised controlled trials. Diabetologia.  ISSN 0012-186X. . doi: 10.1007/s00125-019-4905-2
• Abebe, Fekadu (2019). Synergy between Th1 and Th2 responses during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection: a review of current understanding. International Reviews of Immunology.  ISSN 0883-0185.
• Meyer, Haakon E; Willett, Walter C.; Fung, Teresa T.; Holvik, Kristin & Feskanich, Diane (2019). Association of High Intakes of Vitamins B6 and B12 From Food and Supplements With Risk of Hip Fracture Among Postmenopausal Women in the Nurses’ Health Study. JAMA Network Open.  ISSN 2574-3805.  2(5) . doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.3591 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Heiberg, Ina Heidi; Jacobsen, Bjarne K.; Balteskard, Lise; Bramness, Jørgen Gustav; Næss, Øyvind; Ystrøm, Eivind; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Hultman, Christina M.; Nesvåg, Ragnar & Høye, Anne (2019). Undiagnosed cardiovascular disease prior to cardiovascular death in individuals with severe mental illness. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica.  ISSN 0001-690X.  139(6), s 558- 571 . doi: 10.1111/acps.13017
• Sima, Bezawit Temesgen; Belachew, Tefera; Bjune, Gunnar Aksel & Abebe, Fekadu (2019). Traditional healers`role in the detection of active tuberculosis cases in a pastoralist community in Ethiopia: a pilot intervention study. BMC Public Health.  ISSN 1471-2458.
• Kinge, Jonas Minet; Modalsli, Jørgen Heibø; Øverland, Simon Nygaard; Gjessing, Håkon K.; Tollånes, Mette Christophersen; Knudsen, Ann Kristin; Skirbekk, Vegard Fykse; Strand, Bjørn Heine; Håberg, Siri Eldevik & Vollset, Stein Emil (2019). Association of Household Income with Life Expectancy and Cause-Specific Mortality in Norway, 2005-2015. Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA).  ISSN 0098-7484.  321(19), s 1916- 1925 . doi: 10.1001/jama.2019.4329 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Borgen, Tove Tveitan; Bjørnerem, Åshild; Solberg, Lene Bergendal; Andreasen, Camilla; Brunborg, Cathrine; Stenbro, May-Britt; Hübschle, Lars Michael; Froholdt, Anne; Figved, Wender; Apalset, Ellen M; Gjertsen, Jan-Erik; Basso, Trude; Lund, Ida; Hansen, Ann Kristin; Stutzer, Jens-Meinhard; Dahl, Cecilie; Omsland, Tone Kristin; Nordsletten, Lars; Frihagen, Frede Jon & Eriksen, Erik Fink (2019). High prevalence of vertebral fractures and low trabecular bone score in patients with fragility fractures: A cross-sectional sub-study of NoFRACT. Bone.  ISSN 8756-3282.  122, s 14- 21 . doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2019.02.008
• Druce, Philippa; Bogatyreva, Ekaterina; Siem, Frederik François; Gates, Scott; Kaade, Hanna; Sundby, Johanne; Rostrup, Morten; Andersen, Catherine; Rustad, Siri Camilla Aas; Tchie, Andrew; Mood, Robert; Nygård, Håvard Mokleiv; Urdal, Henrik & Winkler, Andrea Sylvia (2019). Approaches to protect and maintain health care services in armed conflict - Meeting SDGs 3 and 16. Conflict and Health.  ISSN 1752-1505.  13:2, s 1- 4 . doi: 10.1186/s13031-019-0186-0
• Topaz, Nadav; Caugant, Dominique A; Taha, Muhamed-Kheir; Brynildsrud, Ola Brønstad; Debech, Nadia; Hong, Eva; Deghmane, Ala-Eddine; Ouédraogo, Rasmata; Ousmane, Sani; Gamougame, Kadidja; Njanpop-Lafourcade, Berthe-Marie; Diarra, Seydou; Fox, Leanne M. & Wang, Xin (2019). Phylogenetic relationships and regional spread of meningococcal strains in the meningitis belt, 2011–2016. EBioMedicine.  ISSN 2352-3964.  41, s 488- 496 . doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.02.054 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Maharjan, Binita; Rishal, Poonam & Svanemyr, Joar (2019). Factors influencing the use of reproductive health care services among married adolescent girls in Dang District, Nepal: a qualitative study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth.  ISSN 1471-2393.  19(1), s 1- 9 . doi: 10.1186/s12884-019-2298-3
• Oxman, Andrew David & Paulsen, Elizabeth Joan (2019). Who can you trust? A review of free online sources of “trustworthy” information about treatment effects for patients and the public. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making.  ISSN 1472-6947.  19:35, s 1- 17 . doi: 10.1186/s12911-019-0772-5
• Wangamati, Cynthia Khamala; Sundby, Johanne; Nyambedha, Erick Otieno; Chimaraoke, Izugbara & Prince, Ruth Jane (2019). Challenges in Supporting Survivors of Child Sexual Abuse in Kenya: A Qualitative Study of Government and Non-governmental Organizations. Journal of Interpersonal Violence.  ISSN 0886-2605. . doi: 10.1177/0886260519846864
• Iszatt, Nina; Janssen, Stefan; Lenters, Virissa Claire; Dahl, Cecilie; Stigum, Hein; Knight, Rob; Mandal, Siddhartha; Peddada, Shyamal; González, Antonio; Midtvedt, Tore & Eggesbø, Merete Åse (2019). Environmental toxicants in breast milk of Norwegian mothers and gut bacteria composition and metabolites in their infants at 1 month. Microbiome.  ISSN 2049-2618.  7(34) . doi: 10.1186/s40168-019-0645-2 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Mihret, Wude; Brusletto, Berit Sletbakk; Øvstebø, Reidun; Siebke, Anne-Marie; Norheim, Gunnstein; Merid, Yared; Kassu, Afework; Abebe, Workeabeba; Ayele, Samuel; Silamsaw, Mezgebu; Yamuah, Lawrence; Aseffa, Abraham; Petros, Beyene; Caugant, Dominique A & Brandtzæg, Petter Bae (2019). Molecular studies of meningococcal and pneumococcal meningitis patients in Ethiopia. Innate Immunity.  ISSN 1753-4259.  25(3), s 158- 167 . doi: 10.1177/1753425918806363 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Kollerud, Ruby Del Risco; Ruud, Ellen; Haugnes, Hege Sagstuen; Cannon-Albright, Lisa A.; Thoresen, Magne; Nafstad, Per; Vlatkovic, Ljiljana; Blaasaas, Karl Gerhard; Næss, Øyvind & Claussen, Bjørgulf (2019). Family history of cancer and risk of paediatric and young adult’s testicular cancer: A Norwegian cohort study. British Journal of Cancer.  ISSN 0007-0920.  120, s 1007- 1014 . doi: 10.1038/s41416-019-0445-2
• Andreassen, Trude; Hansen, Bo Terning; Engesæter, Birgit Øvstebø; Hashim, Dana; Støer, Nathalie Charlotte; Trope, Ameli; Moen, Kåre; Ursin, Giske & Weiderpass, Elisabete (2019). Psychological effect of cervical cancer screening when changing primary screening method from cytology to high-risk human papilloma virus testing. International Journal of Cancer.  ISSN 0020-7136.  s 1- 12 . doi: 10.1002/ijc.32067
• Ariansen, Inger; Strand, Bjørn Heine; Kjøllesdal, Marte Karoline Råberg; Steingrímsdóttir, Ólöf Anna; Mortensen, Laust Hvas; Stigum, Hein; Graff-Iversen, Sidsel & Næss, Øyvind (2019). The educational gradient in premature cardiovascular mortality: Examining mediation by risk factors in cohorts born in the 1930s, 1940s and 1950s. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology.  ISSN 2047-4873.  26(10), s 1096- 1103 . doi: 10.1177/2047487319826274 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Poulsen, Gry; Andersen, Anne-Marie Nybo; Jaddoe, Vincent W.V.; Magnus, Per; Raat, Hein; Stoltenberg, Camilla; Osler, Merete & Mortensen, Laust Hvas (2019). Does smoking during pregnancy mediate educational disparities in preterm delivery? Findings from three large birth cohorts. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology.  ISSN 0269-5022.  33(2), s 164- 171 . doi: 10.1111/ppe.12544
• Ejigu Teshay, Yohannes; Magnus, Jeanette H.; Sundby, Johanne & Magnus, Maria Christine (2019). Health outcomes of asymptomatic HIV-infected pregnant women initiating antiretroviral therapy at different baseline CD4 counts in Ethiopia. International Journal of Infectious Diseases.  ISSN 1201-9712.  82, s 89- 95 . doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2019.02.019 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Winje, Brita Askeland; Grøneng, Gry Marysol; White, Richard Aubrey; Akre, Peter; Aavitsland, Preben & Heldal, Einar (2019). Immigrant screening for latent tuberculosis infection: numbers needed to test and treat, a Norwegian population-based cohort study. BMJ Open.  ISSN 2044-6055.  9(1) . doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023412
• Wangamati, Cynthia Khamala; Yegon, Gladys; Sundby, Johanne & Prince, Ruth Jane (2019). Sexualised violence against children: A review of laws and policies in Kenya. Sexual and Reproductive Health Matters.  ISSN 2641-0397.  21(1)
• Larsen, Øivind & Nylenna, Magne (2019). Folkehelseinsituttet i dag - hvordan ble det slik?. Michael.  ISSN 1893-9651.  16(1), s 53- 163 Vis sammendrag

  Transkribert og redigert referat fra et aktørseminar 1. oktober 2018, der sentrale personer ved Folkehelseinstituttet i Oslo så tilbake på instituttets nære historie.

• Nylenna, Magne & Larsen, Øivind (2019). Folkehelseinstituttet nå - og før. Michael.  ISSN 1893-9651.  16(1), s 36- 52
• Holvik, Kristin; Meyer, Haakon E; Laake, Ida; Feskanich, Diane; Omsland, Tone Kristin & Søgaard, Anne-Johanne (2019). Milk drinking and risk of hip fracture: The Norwegian Epidemiologic Osteoporosis Studies (NOREPOS). British Journal of Nutrition.  ISSN 0007-1145.  121(6), s 709- 718 . doi: 10.1017/S0007114518003823 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Straiton, Melanie Lindsay; Ansnes, Tone Jersin & Tschirhart, Naomi Anne (2019). Transnational marriages and the health and well-being of Thai migrant women living in Norway. International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care.  ISSN 1747-9894.  15(1), s 107- 119 . doi: 10.1108/IJMHSC-01-2018-0002
• Seid, Selamawit; Bekele, Hiwot Moges; Meles, Gebremeskel Gebremichael & Nordeng, Hedvig Marie Egeland (2019). Medicinal Plants and Concomitant Use with Pharmaceutical Drugs Among Pregnant Women. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine.  ISSN 1075-5535.  25(4), s 427- 434 . doi: 10.1089/acm.2018.0062
• Sandset, Tony Joakim (2019). ‘HIV Both Starts and Stops with Me’: Configuring the Neoliberal Sexual Actor in HIV Prevention. Sexuality & Culture.  ISSN 1095-5143.  23, s 657- 673 . doi: 10.1007/s12119-018-09584-1
• Sima, Bezawit Temesgen; Belachew, Tefera & Abebe, Fekadu (2019). Health care providers knowledge, attitude and perceived stigma regarding tuberculosis in a pastoralist community in Ethiopia: A Cross-sectional Study. BMC Health Services Research.  ISSN 1472-6963.  19(19), s 3815- 3821 . doi: 10.1186/s12913-018-3815-1 Vis sammendrag

  Background Tuberculosis (TB) remains the prime killer disease among infectious diseases. TB control depends on early case detection and treatment in a directly observed treatment short course (DOTS) programme. The success of DOTS depends on the ability of the health care system to identify and properly manage TB cases. The present study aims to assess healthcare provider (HCP) knowledge, attitude and perceived stigma regarding TB and perception about traditional healers. Methods A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among 108 HCPs using a semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire from September 2014 to January 2015. The study district has a high TB burden area with one district hospital, 4 health centres, and 18 health posts. All health facilities and HCPs available during the study period in the district were included in the study. Statistical software for social science (SPSS) version 22 and STATA version 14 were used to enter and analyse data, respectively. Results The majority (64%) of the HCPs had poor overall knowledge regarding TB, and 67.6 and 57.6% had poor knowledge regarding TB diagnosis and nature of the disease, respectively. Moreover, most 66.7 and 55.6% of the HCPs had an unfavourable attitude towards TB and TB control systems, respectively. Slightly under half (49.1%) of the HCPs had a favourable attitude towards TB patients, and the majority (88.9%) had low perceived stigma. The majority (87.0%) of the HCPs indicated the importance of community involvement in TB control activity. Moreover, most (60.2%) of the HCPs showed willingness to collaborate with traditional healers (THs) on TB control activity. Conclusions Healthcare workers’ knowledge gap and unfavourable attitude towards TB control systems reported in this study may cause poor TB care delivery. HCPs’ perception of the importance of community involvement in TB control and willingness to collaborate with THs on TB management could be an opportunity to strengthen the World Health Organization’s (WHO’s) component of End TB strategy through community engagement. Training and workshops could be used to address the knowledge gap and the unfavourable attitude regarding TB among HCPs.

• Magnus, Maria Christine; Karlstad, Øystein; Parr, Christine Louise; Page, Christian; Nafstad, Per; Magnus, Per; London, Stephanie J; Wilcox, Allen J; Nystad, Wenche & Håberg, Siri Eldevik (2019). Maternal history of miscarriages and measures of fertility in relation to childhood asthma. Thorax.  ISSN 0040-6376.  74(2), s 106- 113 . doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2018-211886 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Gradmann, Christoph (2019). Treatment on Trial: Tanzania’s National Tuberculosis Program, the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, and the Road to DOTS, 1977-1991. Journal of the history of medicine and allied sciences.  ISSN 0022-5045.  74(3), s 316- 343 . doi: 10.1093/jhmas/jrz029 Vis sammendrag

  Tanzania’s national tuberculosis control program, created in 1977, is credited with having been the main inspiration for the World Health Organization’s Directly Observed Treatment, Short-Course (DOTS) strategy for the control of tuberculosis, which was implemented from 1994. The text focuses on what previously took place in Tanzanian tuberculosis control between 1977 and the early 1990s. What was it that the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, which was central in the effort, assisted in creating? In what sense was the program innovative? How could a country whose health system was destroyed by a deepening economic crisis in the 1980s become a lighthouse of tuberculosis control? How much consideration was given to the rise of HIV/AIDS that occurred in parallel? The paper proposes answers to these questions, and suggests that we should see the creation of the Tanzanian program as a laboratory of nascent global health.

• Gopinathan, Unni; Watts, Nick; Lefebvre, Alexandre; Cheung, Arthur; Hoffman, Steven J & Røttingen, John-Arne (2019). Global governance and the broader determinants of health: A comparative case study of UNDP's and WTO's engagement with global health. Global Public Health.  ISSN 1744-1692.  14(2), s 175- 189 . doi: 10.1080/17441692.2018.1476567 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Iyer, Anita Lakshmi; Bundorf, M. Kate; Gyrd-Hansen, Dorte; Goldhaber-Flebert, Jeremy D.; Cyr, Pascale-Renée & Kristiansen, Ivar Sønbø (2019). How does information on the harms and benefits of cervical cancer screening alter the intention to be screened?: a randomized survey of Norwegian women.. European Journal of Cancer Prevention.  ISSN 0959-8278.  28(2), s 87- 95 . doi: 10.1097/CEJ.0000000000000436
• Mmbaga, Elia John; Deardorff, Katrina; Mushi, Beatrice; Mgisha, Willium; Hiatt, Robert & van Loon, Katherine (2018). Characteristics of Esophageal Cancer Cases in Tanzania.. Journal of Global Oncology (JGO).  ISSN 2378-9506. . doi: 10.1200/JGO.2016.006619 Vis sammendrag

  PURPOSE: Age-standardized incidence rates for esophageal cancer (EC) in East Africa have been reported as disproportionately high compared with the worldwide incidence of nine per 100,000 population. This study aimed to characterize EC cases seen at Muhimbili National Hospital and Ocean Road Cancer Institute in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. METHODS: Demographic, clinical, and treatment variables were abstracted from charts of patients who received care for a diagnosis of EC at one or both institutions between 2011 and 2013. Categorical data were summarized as frequency counts and percentages. Continuous data were presented as medians and ranges. To compare men and women, Pearson's χ2 and two-sample t tests were applied. RESULTS: Seven hundred thirty-eight unique cases of EC were identified, of whom 68% were men and the median age was 60 years (range, 19 to 95 years). Notably, 93 cases (13%) were ≤ 40 years old at diagnosis. Squamous cell carcinoma was the dominant histology, comprising 90% of cases with documented histopathology. However, 34% of cases with a diagnosis of EC were not pathologically confirmed. The stage was documented as locoregional in 4% of cases, locally advanced in 20% of cases, metastatic in 14% of cases, and unknown in 63% of cases. Of 430 patients who received treatment at Ocean Road Cancer Institute, 76% were treated with radiation, 44% were treated with chemotherapy, 3% underwent a cancer-related surgical procedure, and 10% of cases received no cancer-directed therapy. The median overall survival for all patients was 6.9 months (95% CI, 5.0 to 12.8), regardless of stage at presentation. CONCLUSION: Between 2011 and 2013, cases of EC represented a large clinical burden at both institutions.

• Mmbaga, Elia John; Leyna, Germana Henry; Moen, Kåre & Leshabari, M.T. (2018). HIV Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes.  ISSN 1525-4135. . doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000001593 Vis sammendrag

  INTRODUCTION: Limited studies and differential risk behaviors among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Africa calls for population-specific studies. We present results from the largest integrated biobehavioral survey among MSM in Africa to inform programming. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study using respondent-driven sampling to recruit MSM aged 18 and above. Data on sociodemographic characteristics and HIV-related risks were collected and all participants were tested for HIV, herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2), hepatitis-B virus (HBV), and syphilis RESULTS:: A total of 753 MSM with a mean age of 26.5 years participated in the study and 646 (85.7%) provided blood for biological testing. The prevalence of HIV was 22.3%, HSV-2 40.9%, syphilis 1.1%, and HBV 3.25%. Significant risk factors for HIV were age above 25, having no children [adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 2.4, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.4 to 4.2], low HIV-risk perception (aOR, 2.6, 95% CI: 1.2 to 5.3), receptive position (aOR, 8.7, 95% CI: 1.2 to 5.3), and not using water-based lubricants (aOR, 2.6, 95% CI: 1.0 to 4.5) during the last anal sex. Also associated with HIV infection was, having sexual relationships with women (aOR, 8.0, 95% CI: 4.1 to 15.6), engaging in group sex (aOR, 3.8, 95% CI: 1.6 to 8.4), HSV-2 seropositivity (aOR, 4.1, 95% CI: 2.6 to 6.5), and history of genital ulcers (aOR, 4.1, 95% CI: 1.1 to 7.2). CONCLUSIONS: HIV infection and HSV-2 were highly prevalent among MSM. Low perceived HIV risk, practice of risk behaviors, and infection with HSV-2 were significant predictors of HIV infection. Behavioral interventions, HSV-2 suppressive therapies, and pre-exposure prophylaxis are highly needed.

• Sajjad, Torunn Arntsen (2018). Norwegian Pakistani Parents' Perception of Congenital Disorders among their Children. The Explorer Islamabad: Journal of Social Sciences.  ISSN 2411-0132.  4(1), s 1- 19
• Tokle Grene, Gudrun & Lie, Anne Helene Kveim (2018). Å synge salmer i visetakt. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  138(20), s 1- 9 . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.18.0129
• Abubakar, Ibrahim; Aldridge, Robert W.; Devakumar, Delan; Orcutt, Miriam; Burns, Rachel; Barreto, Mauricio L.; Dhavan, Poonam; Fouad, Fouad M.; Groce, Nora; Guo, Yan; Hargreaves, Sally; Knipper, Michael; Miranda, J. Jaime; Madise, Nyovani; Kumar, Bernadette. N; Mosca, Davide; McGovern, Terry; Rubenstein, Leonard; Sammonds, Peter; Sawyer, Susan M.; Sheikh, Kabir; Tollman, Stephen; Spiegel, Paul & Zimmerman, Cathy (2018). The UCL-Lancet Commission on Migration and Health: the health of a world on the move. The Lancet.  ISSN 0140-6736.  392(10164), s 2606- 2654 . doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32114-7
• Prince, Ruth Jane (2018). Death, Detachment, and Moral Dilemmas of Care in a Kenyan Hospital, In Antonius C. G. M. Robben (ed.),  A Companion to the Anthropology of Death.  John Wiley & Sons.  ISBN 9781119222422.  kap.13.
• Gashaw, Bosena Tebeje; Magnus, Jeanette H. & Schei, Berit (2018). Intimate partner violence and late entry into antenatal care in Ethiopia. Women and Birth.  ISSN 1871-5192.  s 1- 8 . doi: 10.1016/j.wombi.2018.12.008
• Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe; Abate, Degu; Abate, Kalkidan Hassen; Stovner, Lars Jacob; Bjørge, Tone; Knudsen, Ann Kristin; Øverland, Simon Nygaard; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Eggen, Anne Elise; Htet, Aung Soe; Kisa, Adnan; Skirbekk, Vegard Fykse; Sulo, Gerhard; Steiner, Timothy J.; Murray, Christopher J L; Williams, H C; Bleyer, Archie; Nansseu, J; Michell, P B; Ruskin, Anglia; Brady, O J; Langam, S M; Pearce, N; McKee, M; Prabhakaran, D; Choi, J J; Christensen, H; Christopher, D J; Chung, S; Haghparast Bidgoli, H; Mathur, M R; Collado-Mateo, Daniel; Olivares, P R; Cortesi, P A; Cousin, E; Duncan, BB; Criqui, M H; Driscoll, TR; Islam, S.; Leigh, James; Crump, J. A.; Hibstu, D T; Dadi, A F; Dargan, P I; Das Gupta, R; De Steur, H; Dervenis, N; Des Jarlais, D C; Dharmaratne, S D; Ehrlich, J.R; Santomauro, D F; Leili, M & Winkler, Andrea Sylvia (2018). Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 359 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017.. The Lancet.  ISSN 0140-6736.  392(10159), s 1859- 1922 . doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32335-3 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Changole, Josephine; Combs Thorsen, Viva & Kafulafula, Ursula (2018). A road to obstetric fistula in malawi: Capturing women?s perspectives through a framework of three delays. International Journal of Women's Health.  ISSN 1179-1411.  10, s 699- 713 . doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S171610
• Olszynko-Gryn, Jesse; Bjørvik, Eira; Weßel, Merle; Jülich, Solveig & Jean, Cyrille (2018). A historical argument for regulatory failure in the case of Primodos and other hormone pregnancy tests. Reproductive Biomedicine & Society Online.  ISSN 2405-6618.  6, s 34- 44 . doi: 10.1016/j.rbms.2018.09.003
• Lillestøl, Kristine (2018). ‘Neurasthenia gastrica’ revisited: perceptions of nerve-gut interactions in nervous exhaustion, 1880–1920. Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease.  ISSN 0891-060X.  29: 1553438 . doi: 10.1080/16512235.2018.1553438 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Oxman, Andrew David; Chalmers, Iain & Austvoll-Dahlgren, Astrid (2018). Key Concepts for assessing claims about treatment effects and making well-informed treatment choices. F1000 Research.  ISSN 2046-1402.  7 . doi: 10.12688/f1000research.16771.1 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Riaz, Mussarat; Shaikh, Fareeha; Fawwad, Asher; Hakeem, Rubina; Shera, A. Samad; Hitman, Graham A.; Bhowmik, Bishwajit; Do Vale Moreira, Nayla Cristina; Basit, Abdul & Hussain, Akhtar (2018). Maternal nutrition during early pregnancy and cardiometabolic status of neonates at birth. Journal of Diabetes Research.  ISSN 2314-6745.  2018:7382946, s 1- 8 . doi: 10.1155/2018/7382946
• Storeng, Katerini Tagmatarchi; Prince, Ruth Jane & Mishra, Arima (2018). The politics of health systems strengthening, In Richard Parker & Garcia Jonathan (ed.),  Routledge Handbook on the Politics of Global Health.  Routledge.  ISBN 131529723X.  10.
• Ahmed, Mohamed E; Ahmed, Osama Ahmed Hassan; Khalifa, Abdelrahman K A; Elobied, Eyhab; Osman, Ahmed A A; Brair, Sara Lavinia; Ahmed, Osama I E; Elfadul, Maisa M A; Cremers, Anne L & Grobusch, Martin P. (2018). Echinococcosis in Tambool, Central Sudan: a knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) study. International Health.  ISSN 1876-3413.  10(6), s 490- 494 . doi: 10.1093/inthealth/ihy055
• Myint, Aye Nyein Moe; Liabsuetrakul, Tippawan; Htay, Thein Thein; Wai, Myint Myint; Sundby, Johanne & Bjertness, Espen (2018). Impoverishment and catastrophic expenditures due to out-of-pocket payments for antenatal and delivery care in Yangon Region, Myanmar: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open.  ISSN 2044-6055.  8 . doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022380

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• Nylenna, Magne (2019). Ord og uttrykk som forsvinner. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  139(7) . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.19.0007
• Holvik, Kristin; Meyer, Haakon E; Madar, Ahmed Ali & Brustad, Magritt (2019). Ikke nødvendig med høydosetilskudd av vitamin D. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  139(7), s 602- 604 . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.18.0749
• Stanislawski, Maggie A.; Dabelea, Dana; Wagner, Brandie D.; Iszatt, Nina; Dahl, Cecilie; Sontag, Marci K.; Knight, Rob; Lozupone, Catherine A. & Eggesbø, Merete Åse (2019). Reply to Moossavi and Azad, "Quantifying and Interpreting the Association between Early-Life Gut Microbiota Composition and Childhood Obesity". mBio.  ISSN 2150-7511.  10(1) . doi: 10.1128/mBio.00047-19
• Slagstad, Ketil (2019). Asperger, the Nazis and the children – the history of the birth of a diagnosis. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001. . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.18.0932
• Holst, Christine; Sukums, Felix; Ngowi, Helena; Radovanović, Danica; Mwakapeje, Elibariki; Mdala, Ibrahimu; Madar, Ahmed Ali; Isabwe, Ghislain Maurice Norbert; Noll, Josef; Winkler, Andrea Sylvia & Ngowi, Bernard James (2019). Free access to digital health information in Iringa, Tanzania: Development, provision and testing the effect of digital health messages to rural communities.
• Wegling, Monica & Slagstad, Ketil (2019, 07. januar). Ønsker saklig diskusjon om trans. [Internett].  Gaysir.
• Slagstad, Ketil (2019). Chemsex på norsk. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001. . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.18.0875
• Slagstad, Ketil (2019). Medisinen, politikken, historien. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001. . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.18.0867
• Slagstad, Ketil (2019). Democracy dies in darkness. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001. . doi: doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.19.0194
• Slagstad, Ketil (2019). Mikroskopisk og makroskopisk medisinhistorie. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001. . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.19.0072
• Slagstad, Ketil (2019). Creating Bodies, Creating a Nation: How the Idea of the Straight, White, Muscular Male Body Shaped America. Somatosphere: Science, Medicine and Anthropology.
• Larsen, Øivind & Nylenna, Magne (2019). Folkehelseinstituttet opplevd innenfra. Michael.  ISSN 1893-9651.  16(1), s 7- 9 Vis sammendrag

  Lederartikkel i Michaels spesialnummer (2019; 16: hefte 1) om Folkehelseinstituttets historie.

• Bårdsgjerde, Elise Kvalsund; Kvangarsnes, Marit; Landstad, Bodil; Nylenna, Magne & Hole, Torstein (2019). Pasienter erfarer mangler i informasjon og oppfølging etter hjerteinfarkt. Gemini.no.
• Sajjad, Torunn Arntsen & Chaudhry, Farruck Abbas (2018). Ikke grunnlag for å forby søskenbarnekteskap. Avisa Vårt land.
• Kjørstad, Elise; Holst, Christine; Noll, Josef & Ahmed, Wisam (2018, 30. desember). Slik vil forskerne sette opp trådløst nett på landsbygda i Tanzania. [Internett].  Forskning.no.
• Slagstad, Ketil (2018). Jakten på sannheten om homonesen. Morgenbladet.  ISSN 0805-3847.
• Slagstad, Ketil (2018). Hvite menn med muskler – en historie om politiske kropper. Morgenbladet.  ISSN 0805-3847.
• Slagstad, Ketil (2018). Tvillingene, forskeren og gensaksen. Morgenbladet.  ISSN 0805-3847.
• Slagstad, Ketil (2018). Hvorfor vi er mer enn mann og kvinne. Aftenposten.
• Slagstad, Ketil (2018). Aids, historien og mytene. Positiv.  (4)
• Slagstad, Ketil (2018). The biology of marginalization. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001. . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.18.0056
• Slagstad, Ketil (2018). The archive is everywhere. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001. . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.17.0836
• Slagstad, Ketil (2018). Mediated realities. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001. . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.18.0297
• Slagstad, Ketil (2018). Sex, dop og legers ansvar. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  138 . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.18.0675
• Slagstad, Ketil (2018). Metodenes historie. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001. . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.18.0415
• Slagstad, Ketil (2018). Not both sexes, but all sexes. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001. . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.18.0888
• Slagstad, Ketil (2018). The medicine between the lines. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  138(19) . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.18.0631
• Slagstad, Ketil (2018). Historien i kroppen. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001. . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.18.0777
• Slagstad, Ketil (2018). Patient Zero and the Making of a Myth: History as an Archaeology of the Present. Somatosphere: Science, Medicine and Anthropology.
• Skjælaaen, Katarina; Brekke, Mette; Nesvold, Helle; Olsen, Anne Olaug; Kran, Anne-Marte Bakken; Sare, Miriam & Vallersnes, Odd Martin (2018). Seksuelt overførbar infeksjon etter seksuelt overgrep.
• Rabanal, Kjersti Stormark; Selmer, Randi Marie; Igland, Jannicke; Tell, Grethe S.; Ariansen, Inger & Meyer, Haakon E (2018). Evaluation of the NORRISK2 model for cardiovascular risk prediction in South Asians living in Norway.
• Blanchet, Karl; El-Zein, Abbas; Langer, Ana; Sato, Mito; Bjertness, Espen & Holmboe-Ottesen, Gerd (2018). Support for UNRWA's survival. The Lancet.  ISSN 0140-6736.  382, s 1009- 1010 . doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32264-5
• Bernhoft, Aksel; Aamodt, Geir; Nafstad, Per; Skalleberg, Katrine; Nordh, Helena; Butenschøn, Peter; de Vibe, Ellen; Nicolaysen, Anna Marie; Leisner, Marianne; Capjon, Andreas; Barstow, Stephen & Joner, Erik (2018). Grønn helse i byen - hva betyr grønne omgivelser og matproduksjon i byer for vår helse?, I: Det Norske Videnskaps-Akademi Det Norske Videnskaps-Akademi (red.),  Årbok 2017.  Novus Forlag.  ISBN 978-82-7099-914-9.  Foredrag.  s 319 - 333

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