Siste publikasjoner - Avdeling for Samfunnsmedisin og global helse

• Gradmann, Christoph (2022). This is the End: Eradicating Tuberculosis in Modern Times. Centaurus. ISSN 0008-8994.
• Zhou, Bin; Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M.; Danaei, Goodarz; Riley, Leanne M.; Paciorek, Christopher J. & Stevens, Gretchen A. [Vis alle 100 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants. The Lancet. ISSN 0140-6736. 398(10304), s. 957–980. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736%2821%2901330-1. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Mizinduko, Mucho; Moen, Kåre; Tersbøl, Britt; Likindikoki, Samuel; Ishungisa, Alexander Mwijage & Leyna, Germana Henry [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). HIV testing and associated factors among female sex workers in Tanzania: approaching the first 90% target? AIDS Care. ISSN 0954-0121. 18, s. 1–6. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2021.2014779. Vis sammendrag

  Use of HIV testing services among FSW in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is below the desired UNAIDS target of 90%. We estimated the prevalence and factors associated with HIV testing among FSW in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. A respondent-driven sampling method was used to recruit FSW aged 18. Modified Poisson regression models were used to determine factors associated with recent HIV testing. Of 958 surveyed FSW (median age 26 years), 85.4% (95% CI: 82.3, 88.1) reported to have ever been tested for HIV and 65.3% (95% CI: 61.2, 69.3) tested in the past 12 months. Condom use on the last day worked (prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.17; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.38), no or low self-perceived risk of HIV acquisition (PR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.32), having never felt stigmatized as a sex worker (PR = 1.18; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.33), and having been in contact with a peer educator (PR = 1.33; 95% CI: 1.18, 1.49) during the past year preceding the survey were associated with recent HIV testing. Interventions aiming to mitigate stigma due to sex work, improve health education to address risk perception as a barrier to HIV testing, and scaling up peer educator's engagement should be given priority.

• Høstmark, Arne Torbjørn (2021). Intended Ranges and Correlations between Percentages of Variables Like Oleic Acid, Eicosapentaenoic Acid, and Arachidonic Acid. Foods. ISSN 2304-8158. 10(1012). doi: 10.3390/foods10051012.
• Høstmark, Arne Torbjørn (2021). Studies to Explain Associations between Relative Amounts of Body Fatty Acids . Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing (JNFP). 4(1). doi: 10.31579/2637-8914/039.
• Do Vale Moreira, Nayla Cristina; Mdala, Ibrahimu; Hussain, Akhtar; Bhowmik, Bishwajit; Siddiquee, Tasnima & Fernandes, Virginia Oliveira [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Cardiovascular Risk, Obesity, and Sociodemographic Indicators in a Brazilian Population. Frontiers In Public Health. ISSN 2296-2565. 9. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.725009.
• Adami, Hans-Olov; Andersen, Ina Trolle; Heide-Jørgensen, Uffe; Chang, Ellen T.; Nørgaard, Mette & Sørensen, Henrik Toft (2021). Ranitidine Use and Risk of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancers. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. ISSN 1055-9965. 30(12), s. 2302–2308. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-21-0831.
• Nylenna, Magne (2021). Medisinske ordbøker og ordlister. Michael. ISSN 1893-9651. 18, s. 135–149.
• Tschirhart, Naomi Anne; Jiraporncharoen, Wichuda; Thongkhamcharoen, Rojanasak; Yoonut, Kulyapa; Ottersen, Trygve & Angkurawaranon, Chaisiri (2021). Including undocumented migrants in universal health coverage: a maternal health case study from the Thailand-Myanmar border. BMC Health Services Research. ISSN 1472-6963. 21. doi: 10.1186/s12913-021-07325-z.
• Ewnetu, Demelash Bezabih; Combs Thorsen, Viva; Solbakk, Jan Helge & Magelssen, Morten (2021). Navigating abortion law dilemmas: experiences and attitudes among Ethiopian health care professionals. BMC Medical Ethics. ISSN 1472-6939. 22(1). doi: 10.1186/s12910-021-00735-y.
• Høglund, Rune Alexander; Meyer, Haakon Eduard; Stigum, Hein; Torkildsen, Øivind; Grytten, Nina & Holmøy, Trygve [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Association of body mass index in Adolescence and young Adulthood and long-term risk of multiple Sclerosis: A Population-Based Study. Neurology. ISSN 0028-3878. 97(23), s. E2253–E2261. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000012957.
• Iurilli, Maria Laura Caminia; Zhou, Bin; Bennett, James E.; Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M.; Sophiea, Marisa K. & Rodriguez-Martinez, Andrea [Vis alle 77 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Heterogeneous contributions of change in population distribution of body mass index to change in obesity and underweight. eLIFE. ISSN 2050-084X. 10. doi: 10.7554/eLife.60060. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  From 1985 to 2016, the prevalence of underweight decreased, and that of obesity and severe obesity increased, in most regions, with significant variation in the magnitude of these changes across regions. We investigated how much change in mean body mass index (BMI) explains changes in the prevalence of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity in different regions using data from 2896 population-based studies with 187 million participants. Changes in the prevalence of underweight and total obesity, and to a lesser extent severe obesity, are largely driven by shifts in the distribution of BMI, with smaller contributions from changes in the shape of the distribution. In East and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, the underweight tail of the BMI distribution was left behind as the distribution shifted. There is a need for policies that address all forms of malnutrition by making healthy foods accessible and affordable, while restricting unhealthy foods through fiscal and regulatory restrictions.

• Shaikh, Fareeha; Kjøllesdal, Marte Karoline Råberg; Carslake, David; Thoresen, Magne & Næss, Øyvind Erik (2021). Cardiovascular risk factors in extended family members and birthweight in offspring. Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease. ISSN 2040-1744. doi: 10.1017/S2040174421000076.
• Aye, Win Thuzar; Lien, Lars; Stigum, Hein & Bjertness, Espen (2021). Childhood abuse and its association with adults’ mental health problems: A cross-sectional study among men and women in the Yangon Region of Myanmar. BMJ Open. ISSN 2044-6055. 11(11). doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045870.
• Lopez-Doriga Ruiz, Paz; Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter; Eggen, Anne Elise; Njølstad, Inger; Grimnes, Guri & Stene, Lars Christian Mørch [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Undiagnosed diabetes based on HbA 1c by socioeconomic status and healthcare consumption in the Tromsø Study 1994-2016. BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care. ISSN 2052-4897. 9(2). doi: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2021-002423. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Arge, Lise Andrea; Håberg, Siri Eldevik; Wilcox, Allen J.; Næss, Øyvind Erik; Basso, Olga & Magnus, Maria Christine (2021). The association between miscarriage and fecundability: the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study. Human Reproduction. ISSN 0268-1161. s. 1–11. doi: 10.1093/humrep/deab252.
• de Vries, Tamar I.; Cooney, Marie Therese; Selmer, Randi Marie; Hageman, Steven H. J.; Pennells, Lisa A. & Wood, Angela [Vis alle 34 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). SCORE2-OP risk prediction algorithms: estimating incident cardiovascular event risk in older persons in four geographical risk regions. European Heart Journal. ISSN 0195-668X. 42, s. 2455–2467. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab312.
• Solnes Miltenburg, Andrea; van Pelt, Sandra; Kiritta, Richard; Meguid, Tarek & Sundby, Johanne Sommerschild (2021). Symphysis-fundal height, gestational age and its value for identification of foetuses at risk in rural Tanzania: A qualitative follow-up study. African Journal of Reproductive Health. ISSN 1118-4841. doi: 10.29063/ajrh2021/v25i5.15.
• Cyr, Pascale Renée; Pedersen, Kine; Iyer, Anita Lakshmi; Bundorf, Kate; Goldhaber-Fiebert, Jeremy & Gyrd-Hansen, Dorte [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Providing more balanced information on the harms and benefits of cervical cancer screening: A randomized survey among US and Norwegian women. Preventive Medicine Reports. ISSN 2211-3355. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101452. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  We aimed to identify how additional information about benefits and harms of cervical cancer (CC) screening impacted intention to participate in screening, what type of information on harms women preferred receiving, from whom, and whether it differed between two national healthcare settings. We conducted a survey that randomized screen-eligible women in the United States (n = 1084) and Norway (n = 1060) into four groups according to the timing of introducing additional information. We found that additional information did not significantly impact stated intentions-to-participate in screening or follow-up testing in either country; however, the proportion of Norwegian women stating uncertainty about seeking precancer treatment increased from 7.9% to 14.3% (p = 0.012). Women reported strong system-specific preferences for sources of information: Norwegians (59%) preferred it come from a national public health agency while Americans (59%) preferred it come from a specialist care provider. Regression models revealed having a prior Pap-test was the most important predictor of intentions-to-participate in both countries, while having lower income reduced the probabilities of intentions-to-follow-up and seek precancer treatment among U.S. women. These results suggest that additional information on harms is unlikely to reduce participation in CC screening but could increase decision uncertainty to seek treatment. Providing unbiased information would improve on the ethical principle of respect for autonomy and self-determination. However, the clinical impact of additional information on women's understanding of the trade-offs involved with CC screening should be investigated. Future studies should also consider country-specific socioeconomic barriers to screening if communication re-design initiatives aim to improve CC screening participation.

• Canoy, Dexter; Harvey, Nicholas C.; Prieto-Alhambra, Daniel; Cooper, Cyrus; Meyer, H.E. & Åsvold, B.O. [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Elevated blood pressure, antihypertensive medications and bone health in the population: revisiting old hypotheses and exploring future research directions. Osteoporosis International. ISSN 0937-941X. s. 1–12. doi: 10.1007/s00198-021-06190-0. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Kjøllesdal, Marte Karoline Råberg; Carslake, David; Smith, G.D.; Shaikh, Fareeha & Næss, Øyvind Erik (2021). The role of family factors in the association between early adulthood BMI and risk of cardiovascular disease. An intergenerational study of BMI in early adulthood and cardiovascular mortality in parents, aunts and uncles. International Journal of Obesity. ISSN 0307-0565. doi: 10.1038/s41366-021-00987-z.
• MacAlasdair, Neil; Pesonen, Maiju; Brynildsrud, Ola Brønstad; Eldholm, Vegard; Kristiansen, Paul Arne & Corander, Jukka [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). The effect of recombination on the evolution of a population of Neisseria meningitidis. Genome Research. ISSN 1088-9051. 31(7), s. 1258–1268. doi: 10.1101/gr.264465.120. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Sørbye, I.K.; Bains, Sukhjeet; Vangen, Siri; Sundby, Johanne Sommerschild; Lindskog, Benedikte V & Owe, Katrine Mari (2021). Obstetric anal sphincter injury by maternal origin and length of residence: a nationwide cohort study. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. ISSN 1470-0328. s. 1–9. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.16985.
• Slagstad, Ketil (2021). Transkjønn i medisinen - En historie om diagnoser mellom stigma og omsorg. I Hellum, Anne & Sørlie, Anniken (Red.), Frihet, likhet og mangfold: Kjønnsidentitet og seksuell orientering i rettslig, medisinsk og samfunnsvitenskapelig kontekst. Gyldendal Akademisk. ISSN 9788205518698. s. 180–199.
• Katenga-Kaunda, Lillian Ziyenda; Kamudoni, Penjani Rhoda; Holmboe-Ottesen, Gerd; Fjeld, Heidi E; Mdala, Ibrahimu & Shi, Zumin [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Enhancing nutrition knowledge and dietary diversity among rural pregnant women in Malawi: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. ISSN 1471-2393. 21. doi: 10.1186/s12884-021-04117-5.
• Holst, Christine; Isabwe, Ghislain Maurice Norbert; Sukums, Felix; Ngowi, Helena; Kajuna, Flora & Radovanović, Danica [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Development of digital health messages for rural populations in Tanzania: Multi- And interdisciplinary approach. JMIR mhealth and uhealth. ISSN 2291-5222. 9(9), s. 213–239. doi: 10.2196/25558.
• Bains, Sukhjeet; Skråning, Susanne; Sundby, Johanne Sommerschild; Vangen, Siri; Sørbye, Ingvil & Lindskog, Benedikte V. (2021). Challenges and barriers to optimal maternity care for recently migrated women - a mixed-method study in Norway. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. ISSN 1471-2393. 21(1), s. 1–14. doi: 10.1186/s12884-021-04131-7.
• Cooper, Rachel; Shkolnikov, Vladimir M.; Kudryavtsev, Alexander; Malyutina, Sofia; Ryabikov, Andrew & Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Between-study differences in grip strength: a comparison of Norwegian and Russian adults aged 40–69 years. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle. ISSN 2190-5991. 12(6), s. 2091–2100. doi: 10.1002/jcsm.12816. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Tranvåg, Eirik Joakim; Strand, Roger; Ottersen, Trygve & Norheim, Ole Frithjof (2021). Precision medicine and the principle of equal treatment: a conjoint analysis. BMC Medical Ethics. ISSN 1472-6939. 22. doi: 10.1186/s12910-021-00625-3. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Tobiassen, Marte; Aavitsland, Preben & Lie, Anne Helene Kveim (2021). Hvorfor innreisekarantene. Michael. ISSN 1893-9651. 18, s. 325–337.
• Valeur, Hanne Støre; Lie, Anne Helene Kveim & Moen, Kåre (2021). Patient Rationales Against the Use of Patient-Accessible Electronic Health Records: A Qualitative Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research. ISSN 1438-8871. 23(5). doi: 10.2196/24090.
• Lie, Anne Helene Kveim & Greene, Jeremy (2021). Special Issue on Psychiatry as Social Medicine. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry. ISSN 0165-005X. 45(3), s. 333–505.
• Jewell, Paul D.; Abraham, Annette Gabriela; Schmidt, Veronika; Buell, Kevin G; Bustos, Javier & Garcia, Hector Hugo [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Neurocysticercosis and HIV/AIDS co-infection: A scoping review. Tropical medicine & international health. ISSN 1360-2276. July. doi: 10.1111/tmi.13652.
• Abraham, Annette Gabriela; Bustos, Javier; Carabin, Helene; De Meijere, Robert; Sahu, Priyadarshi Soumyaranjan & Rajshekhar, Vedantam [Vis alle 17 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). The effectiveness of anti-inflammatory and anti-seizure medication for individuals with single enhancing lesion neurocysticercosis: A meta-analysis and expert group-based consensus recommendations. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. ISSN 1935-2727. 15(3). doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009193.
• Lie, Anne Helene Kveim & Greene, Jeremy (2021). Psychiatry as social medicine. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry. ISSN 0165-005X. 45(3), s. 333–342. doi: 10.1007/s11013-021-09740-7.
• Mauka, Wilhellmuss; Mbotwa, Christopher; Moen, Kåre; Lichtwarck, Hanne Ochieng; Haaland, Inga & Kazaura, Method Rwelengera [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Development of a Mobile Health Application for HIV Prevention Among At-Risk Populations in Urban Settings in East Africa: A Participatory Design Approach. Journal of Medical Internet Research. ISSN 1438-8871. doi: 10.2196/23204. Vis sammendrag

  Background: There is limited evidence in Africa on the design and development of mobile health (mHealth) applications to guide best practices and ensure effectiveness. A pragmatic trial for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis roll-out among key populations in Tanzania is needed. Objective: We present the results of the development of a mobile app (Jichunge) intended to promote adherence to PrEP among men who have sex with men (MSM) and female sex workers (FSW) in Tanzania. Methods: A participatory design approach was employed and guided by the information system research framework. MSM and FSW were the target populations. A total of 15 MSM and 15 FSW were engaged in the relevance and design cycles, while the piloting phase included 10 MSM and 20 FSW. Results: The relevance cycle enabled the description of the existing problem, provided the compatible app features for the target population, and identified the need to develop an mHealth app that provides health services in a stigmatizing and discriminating environment. User involvement in the app’s design and evaluation provided an opportunity to incorporate social, cultural, and community-specific features that ensured usability. In addition, the participants suggested valuable information to inform the app, text message services, medication registration, and chat platform designs. Conclusions: The participatory design approach in the development of mHealth apps is useful in identifying and validating population-specific functional features, improve usability, and ensuring future health impacts. Through this participatory process, the Jichunge app took end-user needs, perspectives, and experiences into account, eliciting enthusiasm regarding its potential role in supporting pre-exposure prophylaxis adherence for HIV and related behavioral change promotion. Trial Registration: The trial registration number is PACTR202003823226570

• Pedersen, Willy; Slagstad, Ketil & von Soest, Tilmann (2021). Nye seksualiteter, nye kjønn? . I Ødegård, Guro & Pedersen, Willy (Red.), UNGDOMMEN. Cappelen Damm Akademisk. ISSN 978-82-02-73299-8. s. 295–315. doi: 10.23865/noasp.142.ch13. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Haave, Per (2021). Kostholdsundersøkelse skapte stormfulle møter i Det norske medicinske Selskab. Michael. ISSN 1893-9651. 18(3), s. 281–291.
• Thapa, Rupa; Dahl, Cecilie; Aung, Wai Phyo & Bjertness, Espen (2021). Urban-rural differences in overweight and obesity among 25-64 years old Myanmar residents: A cross-sectional, nationwide survey. BMJ Open. ISSN 2044-6055. 11(3), s. 1–11. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042561.
• Prince, Ruth Jane (2021). Malignant stories: the chronicity of cancer and the pursuit of care in Kenya. . I Vaughan, Megan; Adjaye-Gbewonyo., Kafui & Marissa, Mika (Red.), Rethinking Epidemiological Change and Chronic Disease in Africa: Historical and Anthropological Perspectives.. UCL Press. ISSN 9781787357051. s. 322–349.
• Prince, Ruth Jane & Neumark, Tom (2021). Digital health in East Africa: Innovation, experimentation and the market. Global Policy. ISSN 1758-5880. 12(6), s. 65–74. doi: 10.1111/1758-5899.12990.
• Prince, Ruth Jane (2021). Cancer and contaminated food: Toxic uncertainties in western Kenya. Anthropology Today. ISSN 0268-540X. 37(4), s. 3–6. doi: 10.1111/1467-8322.12662. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Mussie, Kirubel Manyazewal; Gradmann, Christoph; Yimer, Solomon Abebe & Manyazewal, Tsegahun (2021). Pragmatic Management of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: A Qualitative Analysis of Human Resource Constraints in a Resource-Limited Country context—Ethiopia. International Journal of Public Health. ISSN 1661-8556. 66:633917, s. 1–8. doi: 10.3389/ijph.2021.633917. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Larsen, Øivind (2021). Å treffes for å lære - de første ti år med legemøter i Christiania. Michael. ISSN 1893-9651. 18(3), s. 263–280. Vis sammendrag

  Gjennomgang av møtereferatene for Det norske medicinske Selskab i Christiania 1833-1842.

• Ahmed, Misra Abdulahi; Fretheim, Atle; Argaw, Alemayehu & Magnus, Jeanette H. (2021). Breastfeeding Education and Support to Improve Early Initiation and Exclusive Breastfeeding Practices and Infant Growth: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial from a Rural Ethiopian Setting . Nutrients. ISSN 2072-6643. 13(4), s. 1–15. doi: 10.3390/nu13041204.
• Haftorn, Kristine Løkås; Lee, Yunsung; Denault, William Robert Paul; Page, Christian Magnus; Nustad, Haakon Egdetveit & Lyle, Robert [Vis alle 17 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). An EPIC predictor of gestational age and its application to newborns conceived by assisted reproductive technologies. Clinical Epigenetics. ISSN 1868-7075. 13. doi: 10.1186/s13148-021-01055-z. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Gopinathan, Unni; Ottersen, Trygve; Cyr, Pascale Renée & Chalkidou, Kalipso (2021). Evidence-Informed Deliberative Processes for HTA Around the Globe: Exploring the Next Frontiers of HTA and Best Practices; Comment on “Use of Evidence-informed Deliberative Processes by Health Technology Assessment Agencies Around the Globe”. International Journal of Health Policy and Management. ISSN 2322-5939. 10(4), s. 232–236. doi: 10.34172/ijhpm.2020.145.

Se alle arbeider i Cristin

• Hem, Erlend & Nylenna, Magne (2021). Helsespråk. Det norske medicinske Selskab. ISBN 978-82-92871-77-5. 223 s.

Se alle arbeider i Cristin

• Watt, Graham; Giacaman, Rita; Zurayk, Huda; Bjertness, Espen; Holmboe-Ottesen, Gerd & Ghattas, Hala [Vis alle 14 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). COVID-19 vaccines for Palestinians. The Lancet. ISSN 0140-6736. 397(10274). doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736%2821%2900185-9.
• Nylenna, Magne (2021). Fortsatt et stort behov for Helsebiblioteket. Dagens medisin. ISSN 1501-4290. s. 30–30.
• Nylenna, Magne (2021). Medisinske møteplasser. Michael. ISSN 1893-9651. 18, s. 255–262.
• Nylenna, Magne & Hem, Erlend (2021). Begreper og betegnelser i helsespråket. Michael. ISSN 1893-9651. 18, s. 14–25.
• Hem, Erlend & Nylenna, Magne (2021). Språk er også medisin. Michael. ISSN 1893-9651. 18, s. 7–13.
• Nylenna, Magne (2021). Makt og mangfold. Michael. ISSN 1893-9651. 18, s. 12–16.
• Søgaard, Anne-Johanne; Holvik, Kristin; Dahl, Cecilie; Meyer, Haakon Eduard & Omsland, Tone Kristin (2021). Osteoporose – den glemte folkesykdom. Michael. ISSN 1893-9651. 18(28), s. 119–133. Vis sammendrag

  Osteoporose innebærer at benvevet blir mer porøst og kan brekke ved lav belastning. Svekkelsen i benstrukturen gir ingen symptomer før man får et brudd. Det er usikkert hvor mange som har osteoporose i Norge, men antallet er beregnet å være nærmere 300 000 personer. Ofte benyttes osteoporotiske brudd i hofte, underarm og ryggrad som mål på forekomst av osteoporose som klinisk problem. Hoftebrudd har ofte størst konsekvenser for enkeltindivid og samfunn. Det skjer et hoftebrudd hver time på døgnet i Norge, totalt ca. 9 000 per år. Kvinner og eldre er mest utsatt. Norge ligger på verdenstoppen i hoftebrudd, og vi har begrenset kunnskap om årsakene til dette. Et hoftebrudd koster nesten 1 million kroner det første året. Selv om hyppigheten har gått ned siden begynnelsen av 1990-årene, vil antall hoftebrudd likevel øke fremover pga. økende antall eldre. Osteoporose og fall er de viktigste risikofaktorene, og røyking, lav vekt, lite fysisk aktivitet og tidligere brudd, virker inn på disse. Vi omtaler her et pågående prosjekt i Oslo som følger opp fallskader for å hindre nye fall, og et omfattende prosjekt ved syv sykehus som skal forebygge nye brudd hos bruddpasienter. Vi spør også hvorfor det tilsynelatende satses så lite på å forebygge denne folkesykdommen.

• Barua, Ishita; Goodwin, Morten; Brøgger, Helga Maria; Pettersen, Klas Henning & Fattah, Ida Susanna (2021). Verdien av kunstig intelligens i helse.
• Lefkaditou, Ageliki & Vaalund, Anne (2021). On the Cutting Edge, or How Collections Become Important.
• Lefkaditou, Ageliki (2021). Intelligence Testing in Norway: Tracing Connections between Tests and People from the early 1910s to the 1960s.
• Lefkaditou, Ageliki & Helgestad, Asgeir (2021). Capturing Life and Loss in Multispecies Interactions: Reflections on Filming Practices.
• Lefkaditou, Ageliki (2021). Nowhere to Return? The Case of “Maren” at the Norwegian Museum of Science and Technology.
• Lefkaditou, Ageliki (2021). Samlinger og arkiv som utgangspunkt for forskning.
• Lie, Anne Helene Kveim (2021). Syfilis i EKKO, Nrk p2. [Radio]. NRK P2.
• Larsen, Øivind (2021). Tre bøker til samfunnsforståelse. Michael. ISSN 1893-9651. 18(4), s. 504–506. Vis sammendrag

  Anmeldelse av: Schiefloe PM. Mennesker og samfunn - inføring i sosiologisk forståelse. Bergen: Fagbokforlaget, 2019; Tjora A, Martinussen W. Sosiologiske anfektelser. Bergen: Fagbokforlaget, 2021; Thorsvik J. Hvordan vårt politiske system fungerer. Bergen: Fagbokforlaget, 2021.

• Haave, Per & Njarga, Berit B. (2021). Tvangssterilisering i Norge : Steriliseringsloven som skulle forhindre «mindreverdiges» forplantning. [Internett]. Vi.no.
• Aanestad, Margunn & Fattah, Ida Susanna (2021). Digital hjemmeoppfølging under Covid-pandemien.
• Heen, Espen Kolstad; Romøren, Maria; Yassin, Amal A & Madar, Ahmed Ali (2021). Household Water is the Main Source of Iodine Consumption Among Women in Hargeisa, Somaliland: A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Nutrition. ISSN 0022-3166. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxab377. Vis sammendrag

  Background: Iodine status surveys of women in Somaliland present widely conflicting results. Previous research indicates elevated concentrations of iodine (IQR 18-72 µg/L) in groundwater used for drinking and cooking, but the relationship with iodine intake is not characterized well. Objective: We aimed to investigate the contribution of household water iodine concentration (WIC), breastfeeding, total fluid intake, hydration levels, and urine volume on urinary iodine concentration and excretion (UIC, UIE) during 24 hours, and to define iodine status from iodine intake estimates and median UIC, normalized to a mean urine volume of 1.38L/day (hydration-adjusted). Methods: The study sample comprised 118 nonpregnant, healthy women aged 15-69. All resided in Hargeisa; 27 breastfeeding. Data collection consisted of a 24-hour (24-h) urine collection, a 24-h fluid intake diary, a beverage frequency questionnaire, and a structured recall interview. We measured UIC and WIC in all urine and in 49 household-water samples using the Sandell-Kolthoff reaction. Results: WIC ranged between 3 and 188 μg/L, with significant median differences across the water sources and city districts (P

• Heen, Espen Kolstad; Madar, Ahmed Ali; Yassin, Amal A & Romøren, Maria (2021). Estimates of fluid intake, urine output and hydration-levels in women from Somaliland: a cross-sectional study. Journal of Nutritional Science (JNS). ISSN 2048-6790. doi: 10.1017/jns.2021.54. Vis sammendrag

  The study objective was to measure fluid intake and associations with background characteristics and hydration biomarkers in healthy, free-living, non-pregnant women aged 15–69 years from Hargeisa city. We also wanted to estimate the proportion of euhydrated participants and corresponding biomarker cut-off values. Data from 136 women, collected through diaries and questionnaires, 24h urine samples and anthropometric measurements, were obtained with a cross-sectional, purposeful sampling from fifty-two school and health clusters, representing approximately 2250 women. The mean (95 % CI) 24 h total fluid intake (TFI) for all women was 2⋅04 (1⋅88, 2⋅20) litres. In multivariate regression with weight, age, parity and a chronic health problem, only weight remained a predictor (P 0.034, B 0.0156 (l/kg)). Pure water, Somali tea and juice from powder and syrup represented 49⋅3, 24⋅6 and 11⋅7 % of TFI throughout the year, respectively. Mean (95 % CI) 24 h urine volume (Uvol) was 1⋅28 (1⋅17, 1⋅39) litres. TFI correlated strongly with 24 h urine units (r 0.67) and Uvol (r 0.59). Approximately 40 % of the women showed inadequate hydration, using a threshold of urine specific gravity (Usg) of 1⋅013 and urine colour (Ucol) of 4. Five percent had Usg > 1⋅020 and concomitant Ucol > 6, indicating dehydration. TFI lower cut-offs for euhydrated, non-breast-feeding women were 1⋅77 litres and for breast-feeding, 2⋅13 litres. Euhydration cut-off for Uvol was 0⋅95 litre, equalling 9⋅2 urine units. With the knowledge of adverse health effects of habitual hypohydration, Somaliland women should be encouraged to a higher fluid intake.

• Slagstad, Ketil (2021). Kjønn og seksualitet i nyere medisinsk historie, 1850–2000.
• Kjeldgaard, Helena Kames; Holvik, Kristin; O’Flaherty, Martin; Tell, Grethe Seppola & Meyer, Haakon Eduard (2021). Hip-IMPACT: Explaining the declining hip fracture rate from 1999-2019. A NOREPOS study. Norsk Epidemiologi, Supplement. ISSN 0803-4206. 29(1), s. 28–28.
• Dahl, Cecilie; Madsen, Christian; Omsland, Tone Kristin; Søgaard, Anne-Johanne; Holvik, Kristin & Meyer, Haakon E (2021). Cold – a risk factor for osteoporotic fractures and fracture related mortality. Norsk Epidemiologi, Supplement. ISSN 0803-4206. 29(1), s. 30–30.
• Hannigan, Laurie John; Corfield, Elizabeth; Biele, Guido; Tilling, Kate; McAdams, Tom A. & Badini, Isabella [Vis alle 19 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). The genomic basis of participation in the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study.
• Dahl, Cecilie (2021). Hvorfor har vi mer benskjørhet i Norge enn i andre land? Medisinbloggen.
• Finnes, Trine Elisabeth; Hjellvik, Vidar; Meyer, Haakon Eduard & Holvik, Kristin (2021). Are High-Dose Statin Users at Higher Risk of Hip Fractures? A Population-Wide Registry-Based Cohort Study from NOREPOS. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. ISSN 0884-0431. 36(Suppl. 1), s. 306–306.
• Kjeldgaard, Helena Kames; Holvik, Kristin; O’Flaherty, Martin; Abrahamsen, Bo; Tell, Grethe Seppola & Meyer, Haakon Eduard (2021). The Impact of Osteoporosis Medication on Hip Fracture Risk in the Norwegian Population. A NOREPOS Study. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. ISSN 0884-0431. 36(Suppl. 1), s. 154–154.
• Kjeldgaard, Helena Kames; Holvik, Kristin; Fenstad, Anne Marie; Furnes, Ove Nord; Gjertsen, Jan-Erik & Meyer, Haakon Eduard (2021). The Impact of Total Hip Replacements on Hip Fracture Incidence in the Norwegian Population. A NOREPOS Study. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. ISSN 0884-0431. 36(Suppl. 1), s. 62–62.
• Hansen, Anne Helen; Kvalvik, Liv Grimstvedt; Lie, Anne Helene Kveim; Sandøy, Ingvild Fossgard & Vie, Gunnhild Åberge (2021). Revisjon av de nasjonale læringsutbyttebeskrivelsene for samfunnsmedisin i legestudiet. Michael. ISSN 1893-9651. 18, s. 348–361.
• Lie, Anne Helene Kveim (2021). Webinar om kjønn og helse - arrangert av kvinnehelseutvalget.
• Lie, Anne Helene Kveim (2021). Nytt gresk alfabet i omtale av muterte koronavirus. [Radio]. NRK P2 Studio 2.
• Lie, Anne Helene Kveim (2021). Brukermedvirkning i undervisning. [Radio]. NOKUTpodden.
• Lie, Anne Helene Kveim & Sundar, Tom (2021). Rusreformen er et viktig skritt. VG : Verdens gang. ISSN 0805-5203.
• Lie, Anne Helene Kveim (2021). Vaksiner kan gjøre sykdommer til historie. Vis sammendrag

  Blogginnlegg på medisinbloggen

• Lie, Anne Helene Kveim (2021). Sommer i P2.
• Haaland, Inga; Metta, Emmy & Moen, Kåre (2021). Pre-exposure prophylaxis as HIV prevention in Dar es salaam: Perceptions and experiences among men who have sex with men and transgender women .
• Dahl, Cecilie; Holvik, Kristin; Meyer, Haakon Eduard; Stigum, Hein; Solbakken, Siri Marie & Schei, Berit [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Re: “Hip Fracture and Mortality: A Loss of Life Expectancy Interpretation” by Thao T Ho-Le and Tuan V Nguyen. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. ISSN 0884-0431. doi: 10.1002/jbmr.4383.
• Lichtwarck, Hanne Ochieng; Kazaura, Method Rwelengera; Mmbaga, Elia & Moen, Kåre (2021). Sex worker stigma among female sex workers initiating PrEP in Dar es Salaam Preliminary analysis from baseline data collection in the PREPTA study . Vis sammendrag

  Introduction: Female sex worker stigma is an understudied social determinant of health. In the context of HIV/AIDS studies have found that FSW stigma can pose a barrier both to access prevention and treatment services. Methods: We did a baseline survey of 471 FSW in Dar es Salaam initiating pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). The participants were recruited using respondent driven sampling. Interviews covered several topics of relevance to PrEP, including a 13 point item 4 item validated FSW stigma scale where statements reflected perceptions and experiences of being a FSW. Additionally we did qualitative interviews with 25 FSW. Results: Median stigma scale score was 30 (IQR 27-35), a lower score compared to another study conducted in a different region of Tanzania. A majority of respondents expressed agreement with four of the five positively phrased statements such as “You like your job as a sex worker” (73.4% either agreed or completely agreed). Additionally a majority indicated disagreement with seven of eight negative phrased statements such as “Working as a sex worker makes you feel like a bad person” (66.6% either disagreed or completely disagreed). Qualitative data indicated that several of the women had experienced or felt stigma related to their profession and one participant explained that this could for instance impede participation in research. However, several expressed that they saw sex work as any other work and had become self-assured as people able to sustain themselves and in many cases their family members. Discussion: These preliminary findings shows a nuanced picture of these sex workers own perspectives related to their work, stigma and themselves, and opposes a view of FSW as victims devoid of agency and self-assurance.

• Haave, Per (2021). «Vi sulteforer skammelig de forsorgsunderstøttede». Kostholdsundersøkelse skapte stormfulle møter i Det norske medicinske Selskab.
• Larsen, Øivind (2021). Boligpriser og krokodilletårer - et korrektiv. Michael. ISSN 1893-9651. 18(3), s. 384–386. Vis sammendrag

  Anmeldelse av Moe K, Martens JD. Hva koster en god bolig? Bergen: Fagbokforlaget, 2021.

• Larsen, Øivind (2021). Vaksinasjon - ikke noe nytt. Michael. ISSN 1893-9651. 18(3), s. 373–374. Vis sammendrag

  Omtale av Anna Anchers (1859-1935) maleri av en vaksinasjonsscene fra 1899.

• Larsen, Øivind (2021). Blomst på graven - nå vet vi mer om Frederik Holst (1791-1871). Michael. ISSN 1893-9651. 18(3), s. 364–365. Vis sammendrag

  Omtale av seminar om Frederik Holst på hans 150' dødsdag 4. juni 2021.

• Larsen, Øivind (2021). Språk på skjermen. Michael. ISSN 1893-9651. 18(3), s. 362–363. Vis sammendrag

  Omtale av nettpresentasjonen av boka Hem E, Nylenna M. red. Helsespråk. Michael 2021; 18: Supplement 26.

• Kjeldgaard, Helena; Holvik, Kristin; O'Flaherty, Martin; Tell, Grethe Seppola & Meyer, Haakon Eduard (2021). OP20 The impact of the secular increase in body mass index on hip fracture risk in the norwegian population . Journal of community health. ISSN 0094-5145. doi: 10.1136/jech-2021-SSMabstracts.20.
• Asaduzzaman, Muhammad (2021). One Health - Interdisciplinary Research Approach in Global Health .
• Njarga, Berit B. & Haave, Per (2021). Lobotomi i Norge – Den groteske tvangsbehandlingen som var svært utbredt i Norge. [Internett]. Vi.no.
• Mbotwa, Christopher; Mauka, Wilhellmuss; Lichtwarck, Hanne; Haaland, Inga; Kazaura, Method Rwelengera & Metta, Emmy [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). mHealth interventions to enhance adherence to PrEP among Female Sex Workers in Tanzania: Lessons from the field. Vis sammendrag

  Background: Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) is a recent biomedical tool recommended for HIV prevention among populations at increased risk. PrEP effectiveness largely depends on users’ adherence to medication but it has been a challenge in most trials. In Tanzania, the plan for roll-out are ongoing. However, poor adherence is one of the anticipated challenges. mHealth has emerged as one of the ways of promoting adherence in different medications. Aim: The aim is to highlight various challenges we experienced when implementing research on mHealth among female sex workers (FSW) in Tanzania. Methodology: This is pragmatic quasi-experimental study being implemented in Dar es Salaam (intervention) and Tanga (control). Respondent driven sampling was used to recruit 471 FSW in Dar es Salaam. All participants recruited were an mHealth app, a smartphone-based application called Jichunge. A subset of the sample was also invited to take part in qualitative interview. The findings for this study are based on the qualitative interviews and participant observation. Results: We experienced several challenges relating to phones and the app itself when enrolling participants to the Jichunge app. The lessons we learned includes the importance of having site equipped with all facilities for charging phones, strengthening screening for the ownership of phone as some participants could borrow phones, considering mHealth interventions accessible to both user and non-users of smartphone as well as online and offline services. Conclusions: Some prospective participants who did not had own smartphone wanted to take part in Jichunge intervention. In our case, to get access to PrEP was considerably more important to some people than to be straight forward about their phone ownership. We assume that many of the points we raise will be of relevance to consider also in other mHealth studies. Recommendations: To maximize usability of mHealth interventions in Tanzania and other developing countries, services accessible via non-smartphone and offline should be put forward. Early and continuously follow-up on people who stop using the mHealth is useful in mapping some issues relating to the app.

• Mauka, Wilhellmuss; Litchwarck, Hanne; Mbotwa, Christopher; Haaland, Inga; Kazaura, Method Rwelengera & Metta, Emmy [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). The use of Jichunge app on Pre-exposure Prophylaxis adherence Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Dar es Salaam Tanzania. Vis sammendrag

  Background: Jichunge app is a mHealth intervention in a quasi-experimental study introduced to support PrEP adherence among Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) in Dar es Salaam Tanzania. Hence, this preliminary analysis aims to determine the Jichunge app use among MSM. Methods: A respondent-driven sampling (RDS) was used to recruit MSM between 23rd March 2021 and 17th July 2021. Through their mobile phones, the intervention group was installed with the Jichunge app and had access to register their daily PrEP, editorial & health educational content, a chatting forum with their peers, and online consultation with a doctor or peer educator expected to be followed for 12 months. The descriptive analysis was carried out to describe user status, accessing the app’s features, and drug registration. Results: A total of 422 MSM were involved in this analysis, whereby observation time was from 23rd March - 23rd July 2021, contributing 2073 days of data. MSM ever used the app overall, first and the third month from recruitment were 56.2%, 56.7%, and 89.8%, respectively; 51% ever visited editorial & health educational contents, 57.6% ever used chat forum, and 26.8% ever used online consultation. Overall, eighty-three percent (83%) ever registered their PrEP at least once into the app. Conclusion: The use of the Jichunge app and its features are optimum and may improve over time.

• Indseth, Thor; Fretheim, Atle; Ezzati, Rojan Tordhol; Gele, Abdi; Brekke, Jan-Paul & Elgersma, Ingeborg Hess [Vis alle 34 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Koronapandemien og innvandrerbefolkningene, vurderinger og erfaringer . Folkehelseinstituttet. ISSN 978-82-8406-261-7. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Caugant, Dominique Andree Yvette; Kløvstad, Hilde; Nilsen, Øivind Jul; Olsen, Anne Olaug & Whittaker, Robert Neil (2021). Årsrapport 2020. Overvåkning av seksuelt overførbare infeksjoner. Folkehelseinstituttet, Område for smittevern, miljø og helse. ISSN 2387-3450. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bjerke, Lise; Torjusen, Marius Lamberg & Ottersen, Trygve (2021). Prosjekt utveier. Veien ut av koronakrisen: Fire fremtidsbilder og fem avgjørende spørsmål . Folkehelseinstituttet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bergsaker, Marianne A Riise; Bratsberg, Bernt Magne; Daae, Anita Odveig; Flottorp, Signe Agnes; Forland, Frode & Furuseth, Ellen [Vis alle 31 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Folkehelserapportens temautgave 2021. Folkehelsen etter covid-19. Pandemiens konsekvenser for ulike grupper i befolkningen. Folkehelseinstituttet, Område for psykisk og fysisk helse. ISSN 978-82-8406-244-0. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv

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