Siste publikasjoner - Avdeling for Samfunnsmedisin og global helse

• Itkonen, Suvi T; Andersen, Rikke; Björk, Anne K.; Konde, Åsa Brugård; Eneroth, Hanna; Erkkola, Maijaliisa; Holvik, Kristin; Madar, Ahmed Ali; Meyer, Haakon E; Tetens, Inge; Torfadóttir, Jóhanna E.; Thórisdóttir, Birna & Lamberg-Allardt, Christel J. E. (2020). Vitamin D status and current policies to achieve adequate vitamin D intake in the Nordic countries. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health.  ISSN 1403-4948. . doi: 10.1177/1403494819896878
• Haave, Per & Pedersen, Willy (2020). The Promise and Demise of LSD Psychotherapy in Norway. Social history of medicine.  ISSN 0951-631X.  s 1- 18
• Kaunda, Lillian; Iversen, Per Ole; Holmboe-Ottesen, Gerd; Fjeld, Heidi E; Mdala, Ibrahimu & Kamudoni, Penjani Rhoda (2020). Dietary intake and processes of behaviour change in a nutrition education intervention for pregnant women in rural Malawi: a cluster-randomised controlled trial. Public Health Nutrition.  ISSN 1368-9800.
• Kravdal, Øystein; Magnus, Per; Moum, Bjørn & Høivik, Marte Lie (2020). Childbearing is Associated with a Short-term Reduced Risk of Crohn’s Disease in Mothers. American Journal of Epidemiology.  ISSN 0002-9262. . doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwz285
• Lee, Crystal Man Ying; Woodward, Mark; Batty, G. David; Beiser, Alexa S.; Bell, Steven; Berr, Claudine; Bjertness, Espen; Chalmers, John; Clarke, Robert; Dartigues, Jean-Francois; Davis-Plourde, Kendra; Debette, Stéphanie; Di Angelantonio, Emanuele; Feart, Catherine; Frikke-Schmidt, Ruth; Gregson, John; Haan, Mary; Hassing, Linda B.; Hayden, Kathleen M.; Hoevenaar-Blom, Marieke P.; Kaprio, Jaakko; Kivimaki, Mika; Lappas, Georgios; Larson, Eric B.; LeBlanc, Erin S.; Lee, Anne; Lui, Li-Yung; van Charante, Eric P. Moll; Ninomiya, Toshiharu; Nordestgaard, Liv Tybjærg; Ohara, Tomoyuki; Ohkuma, Toshiaki; Palviainen, Teemu; Peres, Karine; Peters, Ruth; Qizilbash, Nawab; Richard, Edo; Rosengren, Annika; Seshadri, Sudha; Shipley, Martin; Sing-Manoux, Archana; Strand, Bjørn Heine; van Gool, Willem A.; Vuoksimaa, Eero; Yaffe, Kristine & Huxley, Rachel R. (2020). Association of anthropometry and weight change with risk of dementia and its major subtypes: A meta‐analysis consisting 2.8 million adults with 57 294 cases of dementia. Obesity Reviews.  ISSN 1467-7881. . doi: 10.1111/obr.12989 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Uncertainty exists regarding the relation of body size and weight change with dementia risk. As populations continue to age and the global obesity epidemic shows no sign of waning, reliable quantification of such associations is important. We examined the relationship of body mass index, waist circumference, and annual percent weight change with risk of dementia and its subtypes by pooling data from 19 prospective cohort studies and four clinical trials using meta‐analysis. Compared with body mass index–defined lower‐normal weight (18.5‐22.4 kg/m2), the risk of all‐cause dementia was higher among underweight individuals but lower among those with upper‐normal (22.5‐24.9 kg/m2) levels. Obesity was associated with higher risk in vascular dementia. Similarly, relative to the lowest fifth of waist circumference, those in the highest fifth had nonsignificant higher vascular dementia risk. Weight loss was associated with higher all‐cause dementia risk relative to weight maintenance. Weight gain was weakly associated with higher vascular dementia risk. The relationship between body size, weight change, and dementia is complex and exhibits non‐linear associations depending on dementia subtype under scrutiny. Weight loss was associated with an elevated risk most likely due to reverse causality and/or pathophysiological changes in the brain, although the latter remains speculative.

• Haagsma, Juanita A.; James, Spencer L.; Castle, Chris D.; Dingels, Zachary V.; Fox, Jack T.; Hamilton, Erin B.; Liu, Zichen; Lucchesi, Lydia R.; Roberts, Nicholas L.S.; Sylte, Dillon O.; Adebayo, Oladimeji M.; Ahmadi, Alireza; Ahmed, Muktar Beshir; Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine; Alahdab, Fares; Alghnam, Suliman A.; Aljunid, Syed Mohamed; Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M.; Alsharif, Ubai; Altirkawi, Khalid; Anjomshoa, Mina; Antonio, Carl Abelardo T.; Appiah, Seth Christopher Yaw; Aremu, Olatunde; Arora, Amit; Asayesh, Hamid; Assadi, Reza; Awasthi, Ashish; Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina; Balalla, Shivanthi; Banstola, Amrit; Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn; Barnighausen, Till Winfried; Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad; Bedi, Neeraj; Behzadifar, Masoud; Behzadifar, Meysam; Benjet, Corina; Bennett, Derrick A.; Bensenor, Isabela M; Bhaumik, Soumyadeep; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.; Bijani, Ali; Borges, Guilherme; Borschmann, Rohan; Bose, Dipan; Boufous, Soufiane; Brazinova, Alexandra; Campuzano Rincon, Julio Cesar; Cardenas, Rosario; Carrero, Juan J.; Carvalho, Felix; Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A.; Catala-Lopez, Ferran; Choi, Jee-Young J.; Christopher, Devasahayam Jesudas; Crowe, Christopher Stephen; Dalal, Koustuv; Daryani, Ahmad; Davitoiu, Dragos Virgil; Degenhardt, Louisa; De Leo, Diego; De Neve, Jan-Walter; Deribe, Kebede; Dessie, Getenet Ayalew; Deveber, Gabrielle Aline; Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda; Doan, Linh Phuong; Dolan, Kate A.; Driscoll, Tim Robert; Dubey, Manisha; El-Khatib, Ziad; Ellingsen, Christian Lycke; El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa; Endries, Aman Yesuf; Eskandarieh, Sharareh; Faro, Andre; Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad; Fernandes, Eduarda; Filip, Irina; Fischer, Florian; Franklin, Richard Charles; Fukumoto, Takeshi; Gezae, Kebede Embaye; Gill, Tiffany K.; Goulart, Alessandra C.; Grada, Ayman; Guo, Yuming; Gupta, Rahul; Haghparast Bidgoli, Hassan; Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin; Haj-Mirzaian, Arya; Hamadeh, Randah R.; Hamidi, Samer; Haro, Josep Maria; Hassankhani, Hadi; Hassen, Hamid Yimam; Havmoeller, Rasmus; Hendrie, Delia; Henok, Andualem; Hijar, Martha; Hole, Michael K.; Homaie Rad, Enayatollah; Hossain, Naznin; Hostiuc, Sorin; Hu, Guoqing; Igumbor, Ehimario U.; Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen; Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi; Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful; Ivers, Rebecca Q.; Jacobsen, Kathryn H.; Jahanmehr, Nader; Jakovljevic, Mihajlo; Jayatilleke, Achala Upendra; Jha, Ravi Prakash; Jonas, Jost B.; Jorjoran Shushtari, Zahra; Jóźwiak, Jacek Jerzy; Jürisson, Mikk; Kabir, Ali; Kalani, Rizwan; Kasaeian, Amir; Kelbore, Abraham Getachew; Kengne, Andre Pascal; Khader, Yousef Saleh; Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif; Khalid, Nauman; Khan, Ejaz Ahmad; Khoja, Abdullah T.; Kiadaliri, Aliasghar A.; Kim, Young-Eun; Kim, Daniel; Kisa, Adnan; Koyanagi, Ai; Kuate Defo, Barthelemy; Kucuk Bicer, Burcu; Kumar, Manasi; Lalloo, Ratilal; Lam, Hilton; Lami, Faris Hasan; Lansingh, Van C.; Leasher, Janet L.; Li, Shanshan; Linn, Shai; Lunevicius, Raimundas; Machado, Flavia R.; Magdy Abd El Razek, Hassan; Magdy Abd El Razek, Muhammed; Mahotra, Narayan Bahadur; Majdan, Marek; Majeed, Azeem; Malekzadeh, Reza; Malik, Manzoor Ahmad; Malta, Deborah Carvalho; Manda, Ana-Laura; Mansournia, Mohammad Ali; Massenburg, Benjamin Ballard; Maulik, Pallab K.; Meheretu, Hailemariam Abiy Alemu; Mehndiratta, Man Mohan; Melese, Addisu; Mendoza, Walter; Mengesha, Melkamu Merid; Meretoja, Tuomo J.; Meretoja, Atte; Mestrovic, Tomislav; Miazgowski, Tomasz; Miller, Ted R.; Mini, Gomathyamma Krishnakurup; Mirrakhimov, Erkin M.; Moazen, Babak; Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, Naser; Mohammadibakhsh, Roghayeh; Mohammed, Shafiu; Molokhia, Mariam; Monasta, Lorenzo; Mondello, Stefania; Montero-Zamora, Pablo A.; Moodley, Yoshan; Moosazadeh, Mahmood; Moradi, Ghobad; Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar; Morawska, Lidia; Velasquez, Ilais Moreno; Morrison, Shane Douglas; Moschos, Marilita M.; Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam; Murthy, Srinivas; Musa, Kamarul Imran; Naik, Gurudatta; Najafi, Farid; Nangia, Vinay; Nascimento, Bruno Ramos; Ndwandwe, Duduzile Edith; Negoi, Ionut; Nguyen, Trang Huyen; Nguyen, Son Hoang; Nguyen, Long Hoang; Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi; Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini; Nirayo, Yirga Legesse; Ofori-Asenso, Richard; Ogbo, Felix Akpojene; Oh, In-Hwan; Oladimeji, Olanrewaju; Olagunju, Andrew T.; Olagunju, Tinuke O.; Olivares, Pedro R.; Orpana, Heather M.; Otstavnov, Stanislav S.; Mahesh, Padukudru Anand; Pakhale, Smita; Park, Eun-Kee; Patton, George C.; Pesudovs, Konrad; Phillips, Michael R.; Polinder, Suzanne; Prakash, Swayam; Radfar, Amir; Rafay, Anwar; Rafiei, Alireza; Rahimi, Siavash; Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa; Rahman, Muhammad Aziz; Rai, Rajesh Kumar; Ramezanzadeh, Kiana; Rawaf, Salman; Rawaf, David Laith; Renzaho, Andre Masumbuko N.; Resnikoff, Serge; Rezaeian, Shahab; Roever, Leonardo; Ronfani, Luca; Roshandel, Gholamreza; Sabde, Yogesh Damodar; Saddik, Basema; Salamati, Payman; Salimi, Yahya; Salz, Inbal; Samy, Abdallah M.; Sanabria, Juan; Sánchez Riera, Lídia; Šantrić-Milićević,, Milena M.M.; Satpathy, Maheswar; Sawhney, Monika; Sawyer, Susan M.; Saxena, Sonia; Saylan, Mete; Schneider, Ione J.C.; Schwebel, David C.; Seedat, Soraya; Sepanlou, Sadaf G.; Shaikh, Masood Ali; Shams-Beyranvand, Mehran; Shamsizadeh, Morteza; Sharif-Alhoseini, Mahdi; Sheikh, Aziz; Shen, Jiabin; Shigematsu, Mika; Shiri, Rahman; Shiue, Ivy; Silva, Joao Pedro; Singh, Jasvinder A.; Sinha, Dhirendra Narain; Soares Filho, Adauto Martins; Soriano, Joan B.; Soshnikov, Sergey; Soyiri, Ireneous N.; Starodubov, Vladimir I.; Stein, Dan J.; Stokes, Mark A.; Sufiyan, Mu'Awiyyah Babale; Sunshine, Jacob E.; Sykes, Bryan L.; Tabares-Seisdedos, Rafael; Tabb, Karen M.; Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash; Tessema, Gizachew Assefa; Thakur, Jarnail Singh; Tran, Khanh Bao; Tran, Bach Xuan; Tudor Car, Lorainne; Uthman, Olalekan A.; Uzochukwu, Benjamin S. Chudi; Valdez, Pascual R.; Varavikova, Elena; Vasconcelos, Ana Maria Nogales; Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy; Violante, Francesco S.; Vlassov, Vasily; Waheed, Yasir; Wang, Yuan-Pang; Wijeratne, Tissa; Winkler, Andrea Sylvia; Yadav, Priyanka; Yano, Yuichiro; Yenesew, Muluken Azage; Yip, Paul; Yisma, Engida; Yonemoto, Naohiro; Younis, Mustafa Z.; Yu, Chuanhua; Zafar, Shamsa; Zaidi, Zoubida; Zaman, Sojib Bin; Zamani, Mohammad; Zhao, Yong; Zodpey, Sanjay; Hay, Simon I.; Lopez, Alan D.; Mokdad, Ali H. & Vos, Theo (2020). Burden of injury along the development spectrum: associations between the Socio-demographic Index and disability-adjusted life year estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Injury Prevention.  ISSN 1353-8047.  s 1- 15 . doi: 10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043296 Vis sammendrag

  Background The epidemiological transition of non-communicable diseases replacing infectious diseases as the main contributors to disease burden has been well documented in global health literature. Less focus, however, has been given to the relationship between sociodemographic changes and injury. The aim of this study was to examine the association between disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from injury for 195 countries and territories at different levels along the development spectrum between 1990 and 2017 based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 estimates. Methods Injury mortality was estimated using the GBD mortality database, corrections for garbage coding and CODEm—the cause of death ensemble modelling tool. Morbidity estimation was based on surveys and inpatient and outpatient data sets for 30 cause-of-injury with 47 nature-of-injury categories each. The Socio-demographic Index (SDI) is a composite indicator that includes lagged income per capita, average educational attainment over age 15 years and total fertility rate. Results For many causes of injury, age-standardised DALY rates declined with increasing SDI, although road injury, interpersonal violence and self-harm did not follow this pattern. Particularly for self-harm opposing patterns were observed in regions with similar SDI levels. For road injuries, this effect was less pronounced. Conclusions The overall global pattern is that of declining injury burden with increasing SDI. However, not all injuries follow this pattern, which suggests multiple underlying mechanisms influencing injury DALYs. There is a need for a detailed understanding of these patterns to help to inform national and global efforts to address injury-related health outcomes across the development spectrum.

• Slagstad, Ketil (2019). Fra ett til to barn i Kina. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  139(15) . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.19.0562
• Slagstad, Ketil (2019). Genetisk kreftscreening kan slå uheldig ut. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  139(13) . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.19.0476
• Holst, Christine; Kajuna, Flora; Ngowi, Helena; Sukums, Felix; Radovanovic, Danica; Mansour, Wisam A.; Mwakapeje, Elibariki; Diep, Lien My; Kebede, Tewodros Aragie; Isabwe, Ghislain Maurice Norbert; Noll, Josef; Ngowi, Bernard James & Winkler, Andrea Sylvia (2019). Digital Health Information in Iringa, Tanzania: Development, Provision and Testing the Effect of Digital Health Messages to Rural Communities, In Conceição Granja & Terje Solvoll (ed.),  Proceedings of the 17th Scandinavian Conference on Health Informatics 2019.  Linköping University Electronic Press.  ISBN 978-91-7929-957-6.  chapter.  s 179 - 179
• Winkler, Andrea Sylvia; Knauss, Samuel; Stelzle, Dominik; Emmrich, Julius; Korsnes, Maria Stylianou & Sejvar, James (2019). An emphasis on neurology in low and middle-income countries. Lancet Neurology.  ISSN 1474-4422.  18(12), s 1078- 1079 . doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(19)30392-8
• Abu Baker Farag, Elmoubasher; Nour, Mohamed; El Idrissi, Ahmed; Berrada, Jaouad; Moustafa, Aya; Mehmood, Minahil; Mahmoud, Mahmoud H; El-Sayed, Ahmed M; Alhajri, Farhoud; Al-Hajri, Mohammed; Ahmed, Osama Ahmed Hassan; Al-Romaihi, Hamad; Al-Thani, Mohamed; Al-Marri, Salih A; Ismail, Mohamed Haroun & Koopmans, Marion PG (2019). Survey on implementation of one health approach for MERS-CoV preparedness and control in gulf cooperation council and middle east countries. Emerging Infectious Diseases.  ISSN 1080-6040.  25(3), s e1- e6 . doi: 10.3201/eid2503.171702
• Semakula, Daniel; Nsangi, Allen; Oxman, Matt; Rosenbaum, Sarah Ellen; Oxman, Andrew David; Dahlgren, Astrid; Glenton, Claire; Lewin, Simon Arnold; Kaseje, Margaret; Morelli, Angela; Fretheim, Atle & Sewankambo, Nelson Kaulukusi (2019). Development of mass media resources to improve the ability of parents of primary school children in Uganda to assess the trustworthiness of claims about the effects of treatments: a human-centred design approach. BMC Pilot and Feasibility Studies.  ISSN 2055-5784.  5:155, s 1- 17 . doi: 10.1186/s40814-019-0540-4 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Semakula, Daniel; Nsangi, Allen; Oxman, Andrew David; Glenton, Claire; Lewin, Simon Arnold; Rosenbaum, Sarah Ellen; Oxman, Matt; Kaseje, Margaret; Dahlgren, Astrid; Rose, Christopher James; Fretheim, Atle & Sewankambo, Nelson (2019). Informed Health Choices media intervention for improving people's ability to critically appraise the trustworthiness of claims about treatment effects: A mixed-methods process evaluation of a randomised trial in Uganda. BMJ Open.  ISSN 2044-6055.  9(12) . doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031510 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Eljailani Ahmed, Salma & Combs Thorsen, Viva (2019). "I feel myself incomplete, and i am inferior to people": Experiences of Sudanese women living with obstetric fistula in Khartoum, Sudan. Reproductive Health.  ISSN 1742-4755.  16(1), s 1- 11 . doi: 10.1186/s12978-019-0846-y
• Bhargava, Sameer; Hofvind, Solveig & Moen, Kåre (2019). Gender, letters, relatives, and God: mediating actors in mammographic screening among Pakistani women in Norway.. Acta radiologica open.  ISSN 2058-4601. . doi: 10.1177/2058460119875015
• Lund Håheim, Lise; Nafstad, Per; Schwarze, Per Everhard; Olsen, Ingar; Rønningen, Kjersti Skjold & Thelle, Dag Steinar (2019). Oral health and cardiovascular disease risk factors and mortality of cerebral haemorrhage, cerebral infarction and unspecified stroke in elderly men: A prospective cohort study. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health.  ISSN 1403-4948. . doi: 10.1177/1403494819879351
• Drabo, Seydou (2019). A pill in the lifeworld of women in Burkina Faso: Can misoprostol reframe the meaning of abortion. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.  ISSN 1660-4601.  16(22) . doi: 10.3390/ijerph16224425
• Wintrup, James (2019). Transcending the Ethical Dilemma of Christian Humanitarianism: American Medical Missionaries at a Hospital in Rural Zambia. Ethnos.  ISSN 0014-1844. . doi: 10.1080/00141844.2019.1696856
• Solbakken, Siri Marie; Magnus, Jeanette H.; Meyer, Haakon E; Dahl, Cecilie; Stigum, Hein; Søgaard, Anne-Johanne; Holvik, Kristin; Tell, Grethe S.; Emaus, Nina; Forsmo, Siri; Gjesdal, Clara Gram; Schei, Berit; Vestergaard, Peter & Omsland, Tone Kristin (2019). Urban–Rural Differences in Hip Fracture Mortality: A Nationwide NOREPOS Study. JBMR Plus.  ISSN 2473-4039.  3(11) . doi: 10.1002/jbm4.10236 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Haave, Per (2019). The Winding Road of the Norwegian ‘Welfare State’, In Nils Edling (ed.),  The changing meanings of the welfare state : histories of a key concept in the Nordic countries.  Berghahn Books.  ISBN 978-1-78920-124-6.  kapittel.
• Haave, Per (2019). The winding road of the Norwegian ‘Welfare State’, In Nils Edling (ed.),  The changing meanings of the welfare state : histories of a key concept in the Nordic countries.  Berghahn Books.  ISBN 978-1-78920-124-6.  Kapittel 4.  s 179 - 224
• Bixby, Honor; Bentham, James; Zhou, Bin; Di Cesare, Mariachiara; Paciorek, Christopher J.; Bennett, James E.; Taddei, Cristina; Stevens, Gretchen A.; Rodriguez-Martinez, Andrea; Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M.; Andersen, Lars Bo; Anderssen, Sigmund Alfred; Ekelund, Ulf; Kolle, Elin; Steene-Johannessen, Jostein; Tarp, Jakob; Ariansen, Inger; Biehl, Anna Månsson; Graff-Iversen, Sidsel; Meisfjord, Jørgen Rajan; Bjertness, Espen; Bjertness, Marius Bergsmark; Meyer, Haakon E; Haugsgjerd, Teresa Risan; Tell, Grethe S.; Janszky, Imre; Krokstad, Steinar; Laugsand, Lars Erik; Sen, Abhijit; Vatten, Lars Johan; Mathiesen, Ellisiv B.; Wilsgaard, Tom; Khang, Young-Ho; Soric, Maroje; Gregg, Edward W.; Miranda, J. Jaime; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.; Savin, Stefan; Sophiea, Marisa K.; Iurilli, Maria L. C.; Solomon, Bethlehem D.; Cowan, Melanie J.; Riley, Leanne M.; Danaei, Goodarz; Bovet, Pascal; Chirita-Emandi, Adela; Hambleton, Ian R; Hayes, Alison J; Ikeda, Nayu; Kengne, Andre P & Laxmaiah, Avula (2019). Rising rural body-mass index is the main driver of the global obesity epidemic in adults. Nature.  ISSN 0028-0836.  569, s 260- 264 . doi: 10.1038s41586-019-1171-x Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Alam, Mahbub-Ul; Rahman, Mahbubur; Masud, Abdullah-Al-; Islam, Mohammad Aminul; Asaduzzaman, Muhammad; Sarker, Supta; Rousham, Emily K & Unicomb, Leanne (2019). Human exposure to antimicrobial resistance from poultry production: Assessing hygiene and waste-disposal practices in Bangladesh. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health.  ISSN 1438-4639.  222(8), s 1068- 1076 . doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.07.007 Vis sammendrag

  The unregulated use of antibiotics is linked with intensive poultry farming in developing economies. In low-and middle-income countries, the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has also been attributed to contamination, poor public health infrastructure and inadequate waste disposal practices. There are limited data on hygiene and waste disposal practices in small-scale commercial and household poultry farming and market sales in Bangladesh. Our objective was to explore human exposures, hygiene and waste disposal practices in poultry raising and processing to identify probable pathways for transmission of AMR bacteria.

• Asaduzzaman, Muhammad; Muhammed, Iqbal Hossain; Saha, Sumita Rani; Islam, Rayhanu; Ahmed, Niyaz & Islam, Mohammad Aminul (2019). Quantification of Airborne Resistant Organisms With Temporal and Spatial Diversity in Bangladesh: Protocol for a Cross-Sectional Study. JMIR Research Protocols.  ISSN 1929-0748.  8(12) . doi: 10.2196/14574 Vis sammendrag

  Background Antimicrobial resistance is a widespread, alarming issue in global health and a significant contributor to human death and illness, especially in low and middle-income countries like Bangladesh. Despite extensive work conducted in environmental settings, there is a scarcity of knowledge about the presence of resistant organisms in the air. Objective The objective of this protocol is to quantify and characterize the airborne resistomes in Bangladesh, which will be a guide to identify high-risk environments for multidrug-resistant pathogens with their spatiotemporal diversity. Methods This is a cross-sectional study with an environmental, systematic, and grid sampling strategy focused on collecting air samples from different outdoor environments during the dry and wet seasons. The four environmental compartments are the frequent human exposure sites in both urban and rural settings: urban residential areas (n=20), live bird markets (n=20), rural households (n=20), and poultry farms (n=20). We obtained air samples from 80 locations in two seasons by using an active microbial air sampler. From each location, five air samples were collected in different media to yield the total bacterial count of 3rd generation cephalosporin (3GC) resistant Enterobacteriaceae, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, vancomycin-resistant Enterococci and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Results The study started in January 2018, and the collection of air samples was completed in November 2018. We have received 800 air samples from 80 study locations in both dry and wet seasons. Currently, the laboratory analysis is ongoing, and we expect to receive the preliminary results by October 2019. We will publish the complete result as soon as we clean and analyze the data and draft the manuscript. Conclusions The existence of resistant bacteria in the air like those producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, vancomycin-resistant Enterococci, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus will justify our hypothesis that the outdoor environment (air) in Bangladesh acts as a reservoir for bacteria that carry genes conferring resistance to antibiotics. To our knowledge, this is the first study to explore the presence of superbugs in the air in commonly exposed areas in Bangladesh. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/14574 Keywords: antimicrobial resistance, airborne resistomes, air quality, global health, planetary health, environmental risk assessment

• Kjøllesdal, Marte Karoline Råberg; Jenum, Anne Karen; Næss, Øyvind & Sletner, Line (2019). The association between birthweight and grandparental type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in a multiethnic population. Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease.  ISSN 2040-1744. . doi: 10.1017/S2040174419000758
• Borgen, Tove Tveitan; Bjørnerem, Åshild; Solberg, Lene Bergendal; Andreasen, Camilla; Brunborg, Cathrine; Stenbro, May-Britt; Hübschle, Lars Michael; Figved, Wender; Apalset, Ellen Margrete; Gjertsen, Jan Erik; Basso, Trude; Lund, Ida; Hansen, Ann Kristin; Stutzer, Jens-Meinhard; Dahl, Cecilie; Nordsletten, Lars; Frihagen, Frede Jon & Eriksen, Erik Fink (2019). Determinants of trabecular bone score and prevalent vertebral fractures in women with fragility fractures: a cross-sectional sub-study of NoFRACT. Osteoporosis International.  ISSN 0937-941X.  s 1- 10 . doi: 10.1007/s00198-019-05215-z
• Tønne, Brita & Lie, Anne Helene Kveim (2019). Fra sykdom til kriminalitet - Endringer i synet på rusavhengighet. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  139(15) . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.19.0098
• Kjøllesdal, Marte Karoline Råberg; Ariansen, Inger & Næss, Øyvind (2019). Early adulthood weight, subsequent midlife weight change and risk of cardiovascular disease mortality: an analysis of Norwegian cardiovascular surveys. International Journal of Obesity.  ISSN 0307-0565. . doi: 10.1038/s41366-019-0467-0
• Graetz, Nicholas; Woyczynski, Lauren; Wilson, Katherine F.; Hall, Jason B.; Abate, Kalkidan Hassen; Abd-Allah, Foad; Adebayo, Oladimeji M.; Adekanmbi, Victor; Afshari, Mahdi; Ajumobi, Olufemi; Akinyemiju, Tomi; Alahdab, Fares; Al-Aly, Ziyad; Rabanal, Jacqueline Elizabeth Alcalde; Alijanzadeh, Mehran; Alipour, Vahid; Altirkawi, Khalid; Amiresmaili, Mohammadreza; Anber, Nahla Hamed; Andrei, Catalina Liliana; Anjomshoa, Mina; Antonio, Carl Abelardo T.; Arabloo, Jalal; Aremu, Olatunde; Aryal, Krishna K.; Asadi-Aliabadi, Mehran; Atique, Suleman; Ausloos, Marcel; Awasthi, Ashish; Quintani, Beatriz Paulina Ayala; Azari, Samad; Badawi, Alaa; Banoub, Joseph Adel Mattar; Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn; Barnett, Anthony H; Bedi, Neeraj; Bennett, Derrick A.; Bhattacharjee, Natalia V.; Bhattacharyya, Krittika; Bhattarai, Suraj; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.; Bijani, Ali; Bikbov, Boris; Britton, Gabrielle; Burstein, Roy; Butt, Zahid A.; Kisa, Adnan; Øverland, Simon Nygaard; Skirbekk, Vegard Fykse & Winkler, Andrea Sylvia (2019). Mapping disparities in education across low- and middle-income countries. Nature.  ISSN 0028-0836.  577, s 235- 238 . doi: 10.1038/s41586-019-1872-1 Vis sammendrag

  Educational attainment is an important social determinant of maternal, newborn, and child health. As a tool for promoting gender equity, it has gained increasing traction in popular media, international aid strategies, and global agenda-setting. The global health agenda is increasingly focused on evidence of precision public health, which illustrates the subnational distribution of disease and illness; however, an agenda focused on future equity must integrate comparable evidence on the distribution of social determinants of health. Here we expand on the available precision SDG evidence by estimating the subnational distribution of educational attainment, including the proportions of individuals who have completed key levels of schooling, across all low- and middle-income countries from 2000 to 2017. Previous analyses have focused on geographical disparities in average attainment across Africa or for specific countries, but-to our knowledge-no analysis has examined the subnational proportions of individuals who completed specific levels of education across all low- and middle-income countries. By geolocating subnational data for more than 184 million person-years across 528 data sources, we precisely identify inequalities across geography as well as within populations.

• Tellnes, Gunnar; Batt-Rawden, Kari Bjerke & Christie, Werner H (2019). PUBLIC MENTAL HEALTH PROMOTION, EPIGENETICS AND NACUHEAL - ACTIVITIES. Herald of the International Academy of Science. Russian Section.  ISSN 1819-5733.  (1), s 66- 73 Vis sammendrag

  Public Mental Health Promotion in the Light of new Epigenetic Research, Environment and Lifestyle may have impact on our genes both today and in the future. Resent epigenetic research indicate that our genes may turn on and off as consequence of the way we are living. Health Promotion and salutogenesis therefore may have a positive impact on our genes. Nature-Culture-Health – activities (NaCuHeal) are methods that may be useful to prevent both mental and somatic health problems in the future. This paper explains through research and practical examples how and why health promoting nature and culture activities can improve the mental and physical health of the general public.

• Kvammen, Ole Christian & Tellnes, Gunnar (2019). Muskel- og skjelettplager og uførhet - Kan helsefremmende tilbud styrke arbeidsevnen?, I: Gunnar Tellnes (red.),  NaKuHel og folkehelse som bærekraft: Samspillet Natur-Kultur-Helse sett i lys av FNs bærekraftmål.  Det norske medicinske Selskab.  ISBN 978-82-92871-81-2.  20.Kap..  s 131 - 143 Vis sammendrag

  Muskel- og skjelettplager koster det norske samfunn nesten 200 mrd. i året. Slike plager er en stor utfordring for politikere, NAV, helsepersonell og i hverdagen for disse pasientene. Det er vanskelig å forestille seg hvordan man i Norge kan oppfylle FNs bærekraftmål om «God helse» og «Anstendig arbeid og økonomisk vekst» uten at man finner bedre løsninger og møter problemstillingen på en ny måte. Det ser ikke ut til at det tradisjonelle helsetilbudet fra ulike helseaktører eller helseforetakene i vesentlig grad kan redusere forekomsten av slike plager. Derimot kan ulike tiltak etter salutogene prinsipper kanskje bidra til en god løsning? NaKuHel i Asker tilbyr en helsefremmende arena som styrker arbeidsevnen for deltakerne.

• Bhowmik, Bishwajit; Siddique, Tasnima; Majumder, Anindita; Mdala, Ibrahimu; Hossain, Israt Ara; Hassan, Zahid; Jahan, Ishrat; Do Vale Moreira, Nayla Cristina; Alim, Abdul; Basit, Abdul; Hitman, Graham A.; Khan, Abdul Kalam Azad & Akhtar, Hussain (2019). Maternal BMI and nutritional status in early pregnancy and its impact on neonatal outcomes at birth in Bangladesh. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth.  ISSN 1471-2393.  19:413, s 1- 14 . doi: 10.1186/s12884-019-2571-5
• Mmbaga, Elia John; Leyna, Germana Henry; Leshabari, Melkizedeck T. & Moen, Kåre (2019). Early Anal Sex Experience Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Dar Es Salaam Tanzania: Implications for HIV Prevention and Care. Archives of Sexual Behavior.  ISSN 0004-0002. . doi: 10.1007/s10508-019-01529-5 Vis sammendrag

  Early age at first sex experience has been attributed to medical and psychological consequences, including practice of risk behaviors and HIV infection later in life. Studies have examined early heterosexual experience, but little is known about early anal sexual experience among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Africa. We conducted a time to event analysis to examine the extent and role of early anal sexual experience and HIV risk and infection in the largest MSM survey in Africa. A total of 753 MSM with a mean age of 26.5 years and that at first anal sexual experience of 18.3 years participated. Of those who participated, 29.0% (219/753) had their first anal sexual experience at age below 15. MSM reporting early anal sexual experience were young, had men as first sexual partner (adjusted hazard ratio—AHR, 4.75; 95%CI: 3.51–6.43), assumed receptive position during last anal sex (AHR, 3.25; 95%CI: 2.42–4.35), had anal sex as first penetrative sexual experience (AHR, 5.05, 95%CI; 3.68–6.97), had unprotected first anal sex (AHR, 1.55, 95%CI: 1.03–2.33), not preferring women for sex (AHR, 2.78; 95%CI: 2.11–3.67), had non-consensual first sex (AHR, 1.53, 95%CI: 1.10–9.41), and HIV positive (AHR, 1.75; 95%CI: 1.21–2.50). A third of MSM engaged in anal sex at an early age and were more likely to report sexual abuse, practice HIV risk behaviors, and been HIV seropositive. Roll-out of the existing Comprehensive Guideline for HIV Treatment and Care for key population in Tanzania should be implemented alongside measures addressing sexual abuse among young people.

• Beghi, Ettore; Giussani, Giorgia; Nichols, Emma; Abd-Allah, Foad; Abdela, Jemal; Abdelalim, Ahmed; Kisa, Adnan & Winkler, Andrea Sylvia (2019). Global, regional, and national burden of epilepsy, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016.. Lancet Neurology.  ISSN 1474-4422. . doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(18)30454-X
• Do Vale Moreira, Nayla Cristina; Montenegro, Renan Magalhaes; Meyer, Haakon E; Bhowmik, Bishwajit; Mdala, Ibrahimu; Siddiquee, Tasnima; Fernandes, Virginia Oliveira & Hussain, Akhtar (2019). Glycated hemoglobin in the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in a Semi-Urban Brazilian population. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.  ISSN 1660-4601.  16(19) . doi: 10.3390/ijerph16193598
• Engeland, Jeanette; Strand, Bjørn Heine; Innstrand, Siw Tone & Langballe, Ellen Melbye (2019). Employment and attendance in day care centres for people with mild intellectual disabilities – do age, gender, functional level or hospital admissions matter?. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research.  ISSN 0964-2633.  s 1- 12 . doi: 10.1111/jir.12709 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Hagen, Gunhild; Magnussen, Jon; Tell, Grethe Seppola & Omsland, Tone Kristin (2019). Estimating the future burden of hip fractures in Norway. A NOREPOS study.. Bone.  ISSN 8756-3282. . doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2019.115156
• Mutanga, Oliver & Moen, Kåre (2019). The push of stigma: a qualitative study on the experiences and consequences of sexuality stigma among same-sex attracted men in Harare, Zimbabwe. Culture, Health and Sexuality.  ISSN 1369-1058. . doi: 10.1080/13691058.2019.1674920
• Hoff, Mari; Skovlund, Eva; Skurtveit, Svetlana; Meyer, Haakon E; Langhammer, Arnulf; Søgaard, Anne-Johanne; Syversen, Unni; Forsmo, Siri; Abrahamsen, Bo & Schei, Berit (2019). Proton pump inhibitors and fracture risk. The HUNT study, Norway.. Osteoporosis International.  ISSN 0937-941X.  31, s 109- 118 . doi: 10.1007/s00198-019-05206-0
• Mussie, Kirubel; Solomon, Abebe Yimer; Manyazewal, Tsegahun & Gradmann, Christoph (2019). Exploring local realities: Perceptions and experiences of healthcare workers on the management and control of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. PLOS ONE.  ISSN 1932-6203.  14(11) . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224277
• Schmidt, Veronika; O’Hara, Marie-Claire; Ngowi, Bernard; Herbinger, Karl-Heinz; Noh, John; Procell Wilkins, Patricia; Richter, Vivien; Kositz, Christian; Matuja, William & Winkler, Andrea Sylvia (2019). Taenia solium cysticercosis and taeniasis in urban settings: Epidemiological evidence from a health-center based study among people with epilepsy in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases.  ISSN 1935-2727.  13(12) . doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007751
• Leyna, Germana Henry; Makyao, Neema; Mwijage, Alexander; Ramadhan, Angela; Likindikoki, Samuel; Mizinduko, Mucho; Leshabari, Melkizedeck T.; Moen, Kåre & Mmbaga, Elia John (2019). HIV/HCV co-infection and associated risk factors among injecting drug users in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: potential for HCV elimination. Harm Reduction Journal.  ISSN 1477-7517.  16(1) . doi: 10.1186/s12954-019-0346-y Vis sammendrag

  BACKGROUND: Chronic HCV infection causes substantial morbidity and mortality and, in co-infection with HIV, may result in immunological and virological failure following antiretroviral treatment. Estimates of HCV infection, co-infection with HIV and associated risk practices among PWID are scarce in Africa. This study therefore aimed at estimating the prevalence of HCV and associated risk factors among PWID in the largest metropolitan city in Tanzania to inform WHO elimination recommendations. METHODS: An integrated bio-behavioral survey using respondent-driven sampling was used to recruit PWID residing in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Following face-to-face interviews, blood samples were collected for HIV and HCV testing. Weighted modified Poisson regression modeling with robust standard errors was used in the analysis. RESULTS: A total of 611 PWID with a median age of 34 years (IQR, 29-38) were recruited through 4 to 8 waves. The majority of participants (94.3%) were males, and the median age at first injection was 24 years (IQR, 19-30). Only 6.55% (40/611) of participants reported to have been enrolled in opioid treatment programs. The weighted HCV antibody prevalence was 16.2% (95%CI, 13.0-20.1). The corresponding prevalence of HIV infection was 8.7% (95%CI, 6.4-11.8). Of the 51 PWID who were infected with HIV, 22 (43.1%) were HCV seropositive. Lack of access to clean needles (adjusted prevalence ratio (APR), 1.76; 95%CI, 1.44; 12.74), sharing a needle the past month (APR, 1.72; 95%CI, 1.02; 3.00), not cleaning the needle the last time shared (APR, 2.29; 95%CI, 1.00; 6.37), and having unprotected not using a transactional sex (APR, 1.87; 95%CI, 1.00; 3.61) were associated with increased risk of HCV infection. On the other hand, not being on opioid substitution therapy was associated with 60% lower likelihood of infection. CONCLUSIONS: The HCV antibody prevalence among PWID is lower than global estimates indicating potential for elimination. Improving access to safe injecting paraphernalia, promoting safer injecting practices is the focus of prevention programing. Screening for HIV/HCV co-infection should be intensified in HIV care, opioid substitution programs, and other point of care for PWID. Use of direct-acting antiretroviral treatment would accelerate the achievement of hepatitis infection elimination goal by 2030.

• Feigin, Valery L.; Nichols, Emma; Alam, Tahiya; Bannick, Marlena S.; Beghi, Ettore; Blake, Natacha; Culpepper, William J.; Dorsey, E. Ray; Elbaz, Alexis; Ellenbogen, Richard G.; Fisher, James L.; Fitzmaurice, Christina; Giussani, Giorgia; Glennie, Linda; James, Spencer L.; Johnson, Catherine O.; Kassebaum, Nicholas J.; Logroscino, Giancarlo; Marin, Benoit; Mountjoy-Venning, W. Cliff; Nguyen, Minh; Ofori-Aseno, Richard; Patel, Anoop P.; Piccininni, Marco; Roth, Gregory A.; Steiner, Timothy J.; Stovner, Lars Jacob; Szoeke, Cassandra E.I.; Theadom, Alice; Vollset, Stein Emil; Wallin, Mitchell Taylor; Wright, Claire; Zunt, Joseph R.; Abbasi, Nooshin; Abd-Allah, Foad; Abdelalim, Ahmed; Abdollahpour, Ibrahim; Aboyans, Victor; Abraha, Haftom Niguse; Acharya, Dilaram; Adamu, Abdu A.; Adebayo, Oladimeji M.; Adeoye, Abiodun Moshood; Adsuar, Jose C.; Afarideh, Mohsen; Agrawal, Sutapa; Ahmadi, Alireza; Kisa, Adnan; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Winkler, Andrea Sylvia; Truelsen, Thomas Clement; McGrath, J J; Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad; Havmoeller, R; Dharmaratne, S D; Hay, S I; Khalil, I A; Mokdad, A H; Nixon, M R; Reinig, Nickolas; Roberts, N L S; Smith, M; Whiteford, H A; Naghavi, M; Murray, C J L; Vos, T; Morrison, S D; Krishnamurthi, R V; Te Ao, B J; Kalani, R; Meretoja, Atte; Sahathevan, Ramesh; Mackay, M T; Wijeratne, Tissa; Farzaei, M; Heydarpour, Fatemeh; Khazaie, H; Moradinazar, Mehdi; Naderi, M; Najafi, Farid; Salimi, Yahya; Rajati, Fatemeh; Safari-Faramani, Roya; Salehi Zahabi, S; Siabani, Soraya; Soofi, Moslem; Rezaeian, Shahab; Awasthi, Ashish; Zodpey, S; Farzadfar, F; Irvani, S N; Hegazy, M I; Kassa, T D; Nirayo, Y L; Belachew, A B; Gebre, A K; Gebremichael, T G; Tsadik, A G; Yimer, E M; Gezae, K; Hagos, T B; Kahsay, Amaha; Degefa, M G; Mengistu, D T; Meles, H G; Wiysonge, C S; Nyasulu, P S; Seedat, Soraya; Stein, D J; Akinyemi, R O; Owolabi, M O; Ahmed, M B; Duken, E; Feyissa, G T; Aichour, Amani Nidhal; Al-Eyadhy, Ayman; Sobaih, B H; Temsah, Mohamad-Hani; Altirkawi, Khalid; Aljunid, S M; Alvis-Guzman, Nelson; Antonio, C T; Lopez, J F; Arnlöv, Johan; Carrero, J J; El-Khatib, Ziad; Christensen, H; Kokubo, Yoshihiro; Kucuk Bicer, Burcu; Lansingh, V C; Linn, Shai; Mahotra, N B; Majdan, Marek; Mendoza, Walter; Meretoja, T J; Mestrovic, Tomislav; Miazgowski, B; Mirrakhimov, E M; Mustafa, Ghulam; Zaman, S; Ningrum, DNA; Nguyen, C T; Petzold, M; Postma, M J; Ranta, Anna; Rios González, C M; Saddik, B; She, Jun; Sigurvinsdottir, Rannveig; Silveira, D A & Sobhani, Soheila (2019). Global, regional, and national burden of neurological disorders, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet Neurology.  ISSN 1474-4422.  18(5), s 459- 480 . doi: 10.1016/s1474-4422(18)30499-x Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Background: Neurological disorders are increasingly recognised as major causes of death and disability worldwide. The aim of this analysis from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2016 is to provide the most comprehensive and up-to-date estimates of the global, regional, and national burden from neurological disorders. Methods: We estimated prevalence, incidence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs; the sum of years of life lost [YLLs] and years lived with disability [YLDs]) by age and sex for 15 neurological disorder categories (tetanus, meningitis, encephalitis, stroke, brain and other CNS cancers, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, motor neuron diseases, idiopathic epilepsy, migraine, tension-type headache, and a residual category for other less common neurological disorders) in 195 countries from 1990 to 2016. DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression tool, was the main method of estimation of prevalence and incidence, and the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) was used for mortality estimation. We quantified the contribution of 84 risks and combinations of risk to the disease estimates for the 15 neurological disorder categories using the GBD comparative risk assessment approach. Findings: Globally, in 2016, neurological disorders were the leading cause of DALYs (276 million [95% UI 247–308]) and second leading cause of deaths (9·0 million [8·8–9·4]). The absolute number of deaths and DALYs from all neurological disorders combined increased (deaths by 39% [34–44] and DALYs by 15% [9–21]) whereas their agestandardised rates decreased (deaths by 28% [26–30] and DALYs by 27% [24–31]) between 1990 and 2016. The only neurological disorders that had a decrease in rates and absolute numbers of deaths and DALYs were tetanus, meningitis, and encephalitis. The four largest contributors of neurological DALYs were stroke (42·2% [38·6–46·1]), migraine (16·3% [11·7–20·8]), Alzheimer’s and other dementias (10·4% [9·0–12·1]), and meningitis (7·9% [6·6–10·4]). For the combined neurological disorders, age-standardised DALY rates were significantly higher in males than in females (male-to-female ratio 1·12 [1·05–1·20]), but migraine, multiple sclerosis, and tension-type headache were more common and caused more burden in females, with male-to-female ratios of less than 0·7. The 84 risks quantified in GBD explain less than 10% of neurological disorder DALY burdens, except stroke, for which 88·8% (86·5–90·9) of DALYs are attributable to risk factors, and to a lesser extent Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias (22·3% [11·8–35·1] of DALYs are risk attributable) and idiopathic epilepsy (14·1% [10·8–17·5] of DALYs are risk attributable). Interpretation: Globally, the burden of neurological disorders, as measured by the absolute number of DALYs, continues to increase. As populations are growing and ageing, and the prevalence of major disabling neurological disorders steeply increases with age, governments will face increasing demand for treatment, rehabilitation, and support services for neurological disorders. The scarcity of established modifiable risks for most of the neurological burden demonstrates that new knowledge is required to develop effective prevention and treatment strategies.

• Nsangi, Allen; Semakula, Daniel; Glenton, Claire; Lewin, Simon Arnold; Oxman, Andrew David; Oxman, Matt; Rosenbaum, Sarah Ellen; Dahlgren, Astrid; Nyirazinyoye, Laetitia; Kaseje, Margaret; Rose, Christopher James; Fretheim, Atle & Sewankambo, Nelson K. (2019). Informed health choices intervention to teach primary school children in low-income countries to assess claims about treatment effects: process evaluation. BMJ Open.  ISSN 2044-6055.  9:e030787(9), s 1- 13 . doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030787 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Bottieau, Emmanuel; Mukendi, Deby; Kalo, Jean-Roger Lilo; Lutumba, Pascal; Barbé, Barbara; Ramadan, Kadrie; Van Esbroeck, Marjan; Jacobs, Jan; Yansouni, Cedric P.; Chappuis, François; Boelaert, Marleen; Winkler, Andrea Sylvia & Verdonck, Kristien (2019). Potential usefulness of C-reactive protein and procalcitonin determination in patients admitted for neurological disorders in rural Democratic Republic of Congo. Scientific Reports.  ISSN 2045-2322.  9(1) . doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-51925-z
• Bugoye, Fidelis Charles; Leyna, Germana Henry; Moen, Kåre & Mmbaga, Elia John (2019). Knowledge, Perceived Risk and Utilization of Prostate Cancer Screening Services among Men in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. Prostate Cancer.  ISSN 2090-3111. . doi: 10.1155/2019/2463048 Vis sammendrag

  Background. Late diagnosis of prostate cancer is common in low and middle income countries and contributes to high morbidity and mortality of the disease. Utilization of prostate cancer screening services plays a major role in prevention of adverse outcomes. However, there is limited information on the knowledge about, the perceived risk of, and the utilization of prostate cancer screening in Tanzania. Objective. To determine knowledge and perceived risk of prostate cancer, and the utilization of prostate cancer screening services, and associated factors, among men in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Design. A population-based cross-sectional study involving men aged 40 years and above living in Dar es Salaam was conducted between May and August, 2018. Methodology. Participants were recruited through multistage random sampling and took part in structured face-to-face interviews. Categorical variables were summarized using proportions while continuous variables were summarized as medians and inter-quarterly range (IQR). Chi square test was used to compare differences between proportions, and logistic regression modelling was used to determine factors associated with utilization of prostate cancer screening. Both crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR), with corresponding 95% confidence intervals, are reported. All analyses were two-tailed and the significance level set at 5%. Results. A total of 388 men with a median age of 53 years (IQR 44–55) participated. Half (52.1%) had poor knowledge about prostate cancer and prostate cancer screening. A third (32.3%,) perceived the risk of prostate cancer to be low. Only 30 respondents (7.7%) had ever been screened for prostate cancer. Utilization of prostate cancer screening services was independently associated with age above 60 years [AOR = 21.46, 95% CI: 6.23, 73.93], monthly income above 305 US Dollars [AOR = 15.68, 95% CI: 4.60, 53.48], the perceived risk of prostate cancer [AOR = 16.34, 95% CI: 7.82, 14.92] and knowledge about prostate cancer [AOR = 67.71, 95% CI: 8.20, 559.57]. Conclusions. Knowledge about prostate cancer and prostate cancer screening services was low among men in Dar es Salaam with a third perceiving themselves to be at no risk for the disease. Utilization of screening services was low and associated with low income, younger age, low perceived risk of prostate cancer and low knowledge about the disease. Intervention measures aiming to increase knowledge about prostate cancer and screening services, and affordable provision of services, are urgently called for.

• Tschirhart, Naomi Anne; Straiton, Melanie Lindsay; Ottersen, Trygve & Winkler, Andrea Sylvia (2019). “Living like I am in Thailand”: stress and coping strategies among Thai migrant masseuses in Oslo, Norway. BMC Women's Health.  ISSN 1472-6874.  19, s 1- 11 . doi: 10.1186/s12905-019-0836-9 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Caugant, Dominique A & Brynildsrud, Ola Brønstad (2019). Neisseria meningitidis: using genomics to understand diversity, evolution and pathogenesis. Nature Reviews Microbiology.  ISSN 1740-1526.  18, s 84- 96 . doi: 10.1038/s41579-019-0282-6
• Gashaw, Bosena Tebeje; Magnus, Jeanette H.; Schei, Berit & Solbrække, Kari Nyheim (2019). Community Stakeholders’ Perspectives on Intimate Partner Violence during Pregnancy—A Qualitative Study from Ethiopia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.  ISSN 1660-4601.  16(23), s 1- 13 . doi: 10.3390/ijerph16234694 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Rau Steuernagel, Carolina; Engebretsen, Eivind; Kristiansen, Hans Wiggo & Moen, Kåre (2019). Ethnography of texts: a literature review of health and female homosexuality in Brazil. Medical Humanities.  ISSN 1468-215X.  s 1- 10 . doi: 10.1136/medhum-2018-011544
• Mmbaga, Elia John; Leyna, Germana Henry; Leshabari, M. T.; Pinkowsky Tersbøl, Britt; Lange, Theis; Makyao, Neema; Moen, Kåre & Meyrowitsch, Dan Wolf (2019). Effectiveness of health care workers and peer engagement in promoting access to health services among population at higher risk for HIV in Tanzania (KPHEALTH): study protocol for a quasi experimental trial. BMC Health Services Research.  ISSN 1472-6963. . doi: 10.1186/s12913-019-4675-z. Vis sammendrag

  BACKGROUND: While there are indications of declining HIV infection rates in the general population globally, Tanzania included, men who have sex with men (MSM), female sex workers (FSW) and people who inject drugs (PWID), now called Key Populations (KP) for HIV epidemic have 2-20 times higher infections rates and contributes up to 30% of new HIV infection. Tanzania have developed a Comprehensive Guideline for HIV prevention among key population (CHIP) to address the epidemic among KPs. However, these populations are stigmatized and discriminated calling for innovative approaches to improve access to CHIP. This project seeks to test the effectiveness of healthcare workers and peer-to-peer engagement in promoting access to CHIP among HIV at risk populations in Tanzania. METHODS: A quasi-experimental design involving Dar es Salaam City as an intervention region and Tanga as a control region will be done. Using respondent driven sampling, 1800 at risk population (900 from Intervention site and 900 from control site) will be recruited at baseline to identify pull and push factors for health services access. Stakeholder's consultation will be done to improve training contents for CHIP among health care workers and peers. Effectiveness of healthcare workers training and peer engagement will be tested using a quasi-experimental design. DISCUSSION: The results are expected to co-create service provision and improve access to services among KPs as a human right, reverse HIV infection rates among KPs and the general population, and improve social and economic wellbeing of Tanzanian. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Retrospectively registered on 28th August, 2019 with International Standard Randomized Clinical Trial Number ( ISRCTN11126469 ). KEYWORDS: HIV; Health services access; Injecting drugs; Men who have sex with men; Sex work; Tanzania

• Aung, Wai Phyo; Bjertness, Espen; Htet, Aung Soe; Stigum, Hein & Kjøllesdal, Marte Karoline Råberg (2019). Trends in diabetes prevalence, awareness, treatment and control in Yangon region, Myanmar, between 2004 and 2014, two cross-sectional studies. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.  ISSN 1660-4601.  16(18) . doi: 10.3390/ijerph16183461
• Changole, Josephine; Combs Thorsen, Viva; Trovik, Jone; Kafulafula, Ursula & Sundby, Johanne (2019). Coping with a disruptive life caused by obstetric fistula: Perspectives from Malawian women. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.  ISSN 1660-4601.  16:3092(17), s 1- 14 . doi: 10.3390/ijerph16173092
• Meyer, Haakon E; Johansson, Lars; Eggen, Anne Elise; Johansen, Heidi & Holvik, Kristin (2019). Sodium and Potassium Intake Assessed by Spot and 24-h Urine in the Population-Based Tromsø Study 2015–2016. Nutrients.  ISSN 2072-6643.  11(7) . doi: 10.3390/nu11071619 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Nakken, Ola; Meyer, Haakon E; Stigum, Hein & Holmøy, Trygve (2019). High BMI is associated with low ALS risk: A population-based study. Neurology.  ISSN 0028-3878.  93(5), s e424- e432 . doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000007861 Vis sammendrag

  This article requires a subscription to view the full text. If you have a subscription you may use the login form below to view the article. Access to this article can also be purchased. Abstract Objective To investigate the temporal relationship among prediagnostic body mass index (BMI), weight change, and risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Methods From the compulsory Norwegian tuberculosis screening program, we collected objectively measured BMI from 85% of all citizens (near 1.5 million) between 20 and 70 years of age living in 18 of 19 Norwegian counties between 1963 and 1975. For those who participated in later health surveys, we collected further information on weight change, lifestyle, and health. We identified ALS cases until September 2017 through national registries of diagnoses at death and at encounters with the specialist health service. Both Cox hazard models and flexible parametric survival models were fitted to address our research question. Results We identified 2,968 ALS cases during a mean of 33 (maximum 54) years follow-up. High prediagnostic BMI was associated with low subsequent ALS risk across the typical ALS ages in both sexes. Overall, hazard ratio (HR) for ALS per 5-unit increase in prediagnostic BMI was 0.83 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.79–0.88). After an initial increase during the first 10 years, it decreased almost linearly throughout the observation period and was 0.69 (95% CI 0.62–0.77) after 50 years. Those in the quartile with highest weight gain had lower ALS risk than those in the lowest quartile (HR 0.63, 95% CI 0.44–0.89). Conclusion High BMI and weight gain are associated with low ALS risk several decades later. The strength of the association between BMI and ALS risk increases up to 50 years after BMI measurement.

• Larsen, Øivind (2019). Det norske medicinske Selskab - aktør og arena. Michael.  ISSN 1893-9651.  16(4), s 351- 425
• Larsen, Øivind; Ridderström, Gunnar & Nylenna, Magne (2019). Helsefremmende stedsplanlegging. Michael.  ISSN 1893-9651.  s 33- 40
• Tschirhart, Naomi Anne; Diaz, Esperanza & Ottersen, Trygve (2019). Accessing public healthcare in Oslo, Norway: The experiences of Thai immigrant masseuses. BMC Health Services Research.  ISSN 1472-6963.  19(1) . doi: 10.1186/s12913-019-4560-9
• Mbanya, Vivian N.; Terragni, Laura; Gele, Abdi; Diaz, Esperanza & Kumar, Bernadette. N (2019). Access to Norwegian healthcare system - Challenges for sub-Saharan African immigrants. International Journal for Equity in Health.  ISSN 1475-9276.  18, s 1- 13 . doi: 10.1186/s12939-019-1027-x
• Slagstad, Ketil (2019). Hjernen er ikke alene - Nettverksmodellen og psykiatrisk epistemologi. Tidsskrift for Norsk Psykologforening.  ISSN 0332-6470.  56(11), s 822- 832
• Gopinathan, Unni (2019). Book review: Human Rights in Global Health: Rights-Based Governance for a Globalizing World. Globalization and Health.  ISSN 1744-8603.  15(1), s 1- 3 . doi: 10.1186/s12992-019-0491-9
• Tauqeer, Fatima; Myhr, Kirsten & Gopinathan, Unni (2019). Institutional barriers and enablers to implementing and complying with internationally accepted quality standards in the local pharmaceutical industry of Pakistan: a qualitative study. Health Policy and Planning.  ISSN 0268-1080.  34(6), s 440- 449 . doi: 10.1093/heapol/czz054
• Søgaard, Anne-Johanne; Magnus, Jeanette H.; Bjørnerem, Åshild; Holvik, Kristin; Ranhoff, Anette Hylen; Emaus, Nina; Meyer, Haakon E & Strand, Bjørn Heine (2019). Grip strength in men and women aged 50–79 years is associated with non-vertebral osteoporotic fracture during 15 years follow-up: The Tromsø Study 1994–1995. Osteoporosis International.  ISSN 0937-941X. . doi: 10.1007/s00198-019-05191-4 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  In 50-79-year-olds who participated in the Tromso Study (1994-1995), the risk of non-vertebral osteoporotic fractures during 15 years follow-up increased by 22% in men and 9% in women per 1 SD lower grip strength. The strongest association was observed in men aged 50-64 years. INTRODUCTION: We aimed to explore whether low grip strength was associated with increased risk of non-vertebral osteoporotic fracture in the population-based Tromso Study 1994-1995. METHODS: Grip strength (bar) was measured by a Martin Vigorimeter and fractures were retrieved from the X-ray archives at the University Hospital of North Norway between 1994 and 2010. At baseline, weight and height were measured, whereas information on the other covariates were obtained through self-reported questionnaires. Cox regression was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of fracture in age- and gender-specific quintiles of grip-strength, and per 1 SD lower grip strength. Similar analyses were done solely for hip fractures. Adjustments were made for age, height, body mass index (BMI), marital status, education, smoking, physical activity, use of alcohol, self-perceived health, and self-reported diseases. RESULTS: In 2891 men and 4002 women aged 50-79 years, 1099 non-vertebral osteoporotic fractures-including 393 hip fractures-were sustained during the median 15 years follow-up. Risk of non-vertebral osteoporotic fracture increased with declining grip strength: hazard ratios per SD decline was 1.22 (95% CI 1.05-1.43) in men and 1.09 (95% CI 1.01-1.18) in women. HR for fracture in lower vs. upper quintile was 1.58 (95% CI 1.02-2.45) in men and 1.28 (95% CI 1.03-1.59) in women. The association was most pronounced in men aged 50-64 years with HR = 3.39 (95% CI 1.76-6.53) in the lower compared to the upper quintile. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of non-vertebral osteoporotic fracture increased with declining grip-strength in both genders, particularly in men aged 50-64 years

• Fung, Teresa T.; Mukamal, Kenneth J; Rimm, Eric B; Meyer, Haakon E; Willett, Walter C & Feskanich, Diane (2019). Alcohol intake, specific alcoholic beverages, and risk of hip fractures in postmenopausal women and men age 50 and older. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.  ISSN 0002-9165.  110(3), s 691- 700 . doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz135
• Wai, Myint Myint; Bjertness, Espen; Stigum, Hein; Htay, Thein Thein; Liabsuetrakul, Tippawan; Moe Myint, Aye Nyein & Sundby, Johanne (2019). Unmet Need for Family Planning among Urban and Rural Married Women in Yangon Region, Myanmar-a Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.  ISSN 1660-4601.  16(19) . doi: 10.3390/ijerph16193742
• Helgeland, Øyvind; Vaudel, Marc; Juliusson, Petur Benedikt; Holmen, Oddgeir Lingaas; Juodakis, Julius; Bacelis, Jonas; Jacobsson, Bo; Lindekleiv, Haakon; Hveem, Kristian; Lie, Rolv T.; Knudsen, Gun Peggy Strømstad; Stoltenberg, Camilla; Magnus, Per; Sagen, Jørn V.; Molven, Anders; Johansson, Stefan & Njølstad, Pål Rasmus (2019). Genome-wide association study reveals dynamic role of genetic variation in infant and early childhood growth. Nature Communications.  ISSN 2041-1723.  10, s 1- 10 . doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-12308-0 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Tsehay, Yohannes Ejigu; Magnus, Jeanette H.; Sundby, Johanne & Magnus, Maria Christine (2019). Pregnancy outcome among HIV-infected women on different antiretroviral therapies in Ethiopia: A cohort study. BMJ Open.  ISSN 2044-6055.  9(8) . doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027344 Vis sammendrag

  Objective The objective of the study was to compare pregnancy outcomes according to maternal antiretroviral treatment (ART) regimens. Design A retrospective cohort study. Participants and settings Clinical data was extracted from ART exposed pregnancies of HIV-infected Ethiopian women attending antenatal care follow-up in public health facilities in Addis Ababa between February 2010 and October 2016. Outcomes The primary outcomes evaluated were preterm birth, low birth weight and small-for-gestational-age. results A total 1663 of pregnancies exposed to ART were included in the analyses. Of these pregnancies, 17% resulted in a preterm birth, 19% in low birth weight and 32% in a small-for-gestational-age baby. Compared with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) initiated during pregnancy, zidovudine monotherapy was less likely to result in preterm birth (adjusted OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.64) and low birth weight (adjusted OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.94). We observed no differential risk of preterm birth, low birth weight and small-for-gestational-age, when comparing women who initiated HAART during pregnancy to women who initiated HAART before conception. The risk for preterm birth was higher in pregnancies exposed to nevirapine-based HAART (adjusted OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.96) compared with pregnancies exposed to efavirenzbased HAART. Comparing nevirapine-based HAART with efavirenz-based HAART indicated no strong evidence of increased risk of low birth weight or small-for-gestationalage. Conclusions We observed a higher risk of preterm birth among women who initiated HAART during pregnancy compared with zidovudine monotherapy. Pregnancies exposed to nevirapine-based HAART also had a greater risk of preterm births compared with efavirenz-based HAART.

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• Tellnes, Gunnar (red.) (2019). NaKuHel og folkehelse som bærekraft: Samspillet Natur-Kultur-Helse sett i lys av FNs bærekraftmål. Det norske medicinske Selskab.  ISBN 978-82-92871-81-2.  143 s. Vis sammendrag

  Samfunnets helseutfordringer er nå, kanskje mer enn noen gang, knyttet til klima, miljø, matsikkerhet, migrasjon, økonomi, osv. Dette har aktualisert behovet for å styrke klodens bærekraft, blant annet for å sikre gode levekår og folkehelse for fremtidige generasjoner. Det er nå 25 år siden NaKuHel-senteret i Asker ble etablert. I den anledning vil vi synliggjøre betydningen av helsefremmende natur- og kulturaktiviteter sett i lys av FNs bærekraftsmål. Denne boken viser hvordan god samfunnshelse kan skapes på andre måter enn tradisjonell medisinsk tenkning, paradigme og ideologi. Det mangfold av perspektiv som presenteres i bokens 21 kapitler, skrevet av 24 forfattere, gir eksempler på helsefremmende tiltak som kan bidra til en salutogen samfunnsutvikling. Målet er å fremme helse, miljø, livskvalitet og velferd for alle. Inkluderende og helsefremmende fellesskap kan bidra til god folkehelse og bærekraftige samfunn. Et sentralt element ved NaKuHel-konseptet er at offentlige tjenester, frivillige organisasjoner og næringsliv skal samarbeide med utgangspunkt i felles mål for å bedre helse, miljø og velferd. På NaKuHel-senteret i Asker kan deltakere fra alle samfunnslag føle seg inkludert og får stor frihet til å realisere egne idéer i praksis. Senteret har dermed blitt et vitalt møtested for mangfold, kommunikasjon, solidaritet, økt livskvalitet, helse, mestring og miljøbevissthet.

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• Haave, Per (2020). Hesteforbud skulle stanse "taterplagen". Aftenposten Historie.  ISSN 1894-5775.  (2), s 94- 95
• Winkler, Andrea Sylvia (2019). The growing burden of neurological disorders in low-income and middle-income countries: priorities for policy making. Lancet Neurology.  ISSN 1474-4422. . doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(19)30476-4
• Lie, Anne Helene Kveim (2019). Med forebygging på dagsorden - vaksine og barnehelse på 1900-tallet.
• Lie, Anne Helene Kveim (2019). Å være menneske og lege. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  139(16) . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.19.0358
• Slagstad, Ketil (2019). Store svakheter i kreftstudier med nye legemidler. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  139(17) . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.19.0681
• Slagstad, Ketil (2019). Nye legemidler er ofte ikke bedre. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  139(13) . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.19.0477
• Hauger, Annette Vogt; Strand, Bjørn Heine; Emaus, Nina; Bergland, Astrid & Holvik, Kristin (2019). Midlife bone mineral density change in the distal forearm and subsequent mortality.
• Storeng, Katerini Tagmatarchi; Roalkvam, Sidsel & Asaduzzaman, Muhammad (2019). Action to protect the independence and integrity of global health research. BMJ Global Health.  ISSN 2059-7908.  4 . doi: 10.1136/ bmjgh-2019-001746 Vis sammendrag

  The tensions between research ethics and the wider politics of the global health field are increasingly recognised. However, the repercussions of these tensions for individuals and research institutions need careful consideration. While ‘rocking the boat’ is uncomfortable and may threaten individual career progression and research institutions’ external income, biased evidence can harm health programme beneficiaries and public trust in research. There are certainly no simple, fail-safe, technocratic quick fixes to resolving issues of power and politics, but the ideas proposed here should at least create better relationships between the institutions involved in commissioning, undertaking and publishing research, and feed into more sophisticated and thoughtful mechanisms of accountability, which do not simply re-enforce existing frameworks that favour accountability towards donors. The ideas we propose should be considered within broader discussions on how to address north–south power imbalances within the research community, and will hopefully catalyse wider action on protecting the independence of public universities and other research institutions globally. We believe this is necessary to enable researchers to hold power to account and advance informed and healthy debate on issues of public interest.

• Asaduzzaman, Muhammad (2019). Antimicrobial Resistance – The value of Global One Health Studies.
• Kvammen, Ole Christian & Tellnes, Gunnar (2019). Hva er FNs bærekraftsmål, I: Gunnar Tellnes (red.),  NaKuHel og folkehelse som bærekraft: Samspillet Natur-Kultur-Helse sett i lys av FNs bærekraftmål.  Det norske medicinske Selskab.  ISBN 978-82-92871-81-2.  1. Kap..  s 11 - 15 Vis sammendrag

  FNs bærekraftsmål er tenkt å reflektere de tre elementene i bærekraftig utvikling: klima og miljø, økonomi og sosiale forhold. Bærekraftig utvikling handler særlig om å ta vare på det enkelte menneske, samfunnet og miljøet på en måte som ikke er skadelig eller nedbrytende, men som tvert imot er mer stimulerende, livgivende og utviklende. Målene og delmålene har blitt til i en demokratisk prosess etter innspill fra enkeltmennesker og ulike land over hele verden. Konkret er det en arbeidsplan som er utformet gjennom 17 hovedmål og 169 delmål med ønske om å utrydde fattigdom, bekjempe ulikhet og stoppe klimaendringene innen 2030.

• Tellnes, Gunnar (2019). Kan NaKuHel bidra til økt bærekraft?, I: Gunnar Tellnes (red.),  NaKuHel og folkehelse som bærekraft: Samspillet Natur-Kultur-Helse sett i lys av FNs bærekraftmål.  Det norske medicinske Selskab.  ISBN 978-82-92871-81-2.  Forord.  s 7 - 10
• Seglem, Karoline Brobakke; Torvik, Fartein Ask; Røysamb, Espen; Gjerde, Line C.; Magnus, Per; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Svedberg, Pia; Vollrath, Margarete E. & Ørstavik, Ragnhild (2019). Education, lifestyle and life course differences in Level of work incapacity - genes and environment.
• Slagstad, Ketil (2019). Lukas Engelmann. Mapping AIDS: Visual Histories of an Enduring Epidemic.. Isis.  ISSN 0021-1753.  110(4), s 865- 866
• Slagstad, Ketil (2019). Sexarbeideres helse blir fortsatt ignorert. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001. . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.19.0691
• Fjeld, Mats Kirkeby; Årnes, Anders; Strand, Bjørn Heine; Stubhaug, Arild; Nielsen, C.S. & Steingrímsdóttir, Ólöf Anna (2019). The association between different levels of leisure time physical activity and chronic pain – The Tromsø Study 7. Scandinavian Journal of Pain.  ISSN 1877-8860.  19, s S8- S8 . doi: 10.1515/sjpain-2019-9902
• Øye, Olav-Johan; Tatara, Naoe; Andreassen, Hege Kristin; Hammer, Hugo Lewi; Kjøllesdal, Marte Karoline Råberg & Mirkovic, Jelena (2019, 10. november). Førstegenerasjons pakistanske innvandrere bruker lite IKT i egenbehandling av type 2 -diabetes. [Internett].  forskning.no.
• Øye, Olav-Johan; Tatara, Naoe; Kjøllesdal, Marte Karoline Råberg; Mirkovic, Jelena; Hammer, Hugo Lewi & Andreassen, Hege Kristin (2019, 27. november). E-helsetjenester er ikke tilpasset innvandrergrupper. [Internett].  velferd.no.
• Kjøllesdal, Marte Karoline Råberg; Straiton, Melanie Lindsay; Øien-Ødegaard, Carine; Aambø, Arild Kjell; Holmboe, Olaf; Johansen, Rune; Grewal, Navnit Kaur & Indseth, Thor (2019). Helse blant innvandrere i Norge. Levekårsundersøkelsen blant innvandrere 2016. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Holst, Christine; Noll, Josef & Johnsrud, Mette (2019, 27. november). Digitalisering er nøkkelen til velferd. [Internett].  titan.uio.no.
• Holst, Christine; Kajuna, Flora; Ngowi, Helena; Sukums, Felix; Radovanović, Danica; Mansour, Wisam A.; Mwakapeje, Elibariki; My Diep, Lien; Kebede, Tewodros Aragie; Isabwe, Ghislain Maurice N.; Noll, Josef; Ngowi, Bernard James & Winkler, Andrea Sylvia (2019). Digital health information in Iringa, Tanzania: Development, provision and testing the effect of digital health messages to rural communitie.
• Kajuna, Flora; Mwang'Onde, Beda; Holst, Christine; Ngowi, Bernard; Noll, Josef; Winkler, Andrea Sylvia & Ngowi, Helena (2019). Community practices related to epidemiology of Taenia solium in Iringa Rural District, Tanzania.
• Holst, Christine; Kajuna, Flora; Ngowi, Helena; Sukums, Felix; Radovanović, Danica; Mansour, Wisam A.; Mwakapeje, Elibariki; My Diep, Lien; Kebede, Tewodros Aragie; Isabwe, Ghislain Maurice N.; Noll, Josef; Ngowi, Bernard James & Winkler, Andrea Sylvia (2019). Digital health information in Iringa, Tanzania: Development, provision and testing the effect of digital cysticercosis/taeniosis messages on rural communities.
• Nylenna, Magne (2019). Hva er samfunnsmedisin?. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  139(17) . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.19.0624
• Nylenna, Magne; Larsen, Øivind & Ridderstrøm, Gunnar (2019). Helsefremmende stedsplanlegging. Michael.  ISSN 1893-9651.  16, s 33- 40
• Nylenna, Magne (2019). Det gode selskap. Michael.  ISSN 1893-9651.  16, s 347- 350
• Sundby, Johanne; Solnes Miltenburg, Andrea; Rivenes Lafontain, Sara; Wangamati, Cynthia Khamala & Odland, Maria Lisa (2019). Quality of Care for women and adolescent girls - from policy to practice, or the other way around?.
• Borgen, Tove Tveitan; Bjørnerem, Åshild; Solberg, Lene Bergendal; Andreasen, Camilla; Brunborg, Cathrine; Hübschle, Lars Michael; Stenbro, May-Britt; Hansen, Ann Kristin; Apalset, Ellen Margrete; Gjertsen, Jan-Erik; Lund, Ida; Dahl, Cecilie; Figved, Wender; Stutzer, Jens-Meinhard; Frihagen, Frede Jon; Nordsletten, Lars & Eriksen, Erik Fink (2019). Determinants of Trabecular Bone Score and Vertebral Fracture Status in Women With Fragility Fractures: A Cross-sectional Sub-study of NoFRACT.
• Borgen, Tove Tveitan; Bjørnerem, Åshild; Solberg, Lene Bergendal; Brunborg, Cathrine; Andreasen, Camilla; Hübschle, Lars Michael; Stenbro, May-Britt; Apalset, Ellen Margrete; Gjertsen, Jan-Erik; Figved, Wender; Froholdt, Anne; Stutzer, Jens-Meinhard; Hansen, Ann Kristin; Omsland, Tone Kristin; Lund, Ida; Frihagen, Frede Jon; Nordsletten, Lars & Eriksen, Erik Fink (2019). Individuals with Central Fractures have More Prevalent Vertebral Fractures, Lower Trabecular Bone Score and Lower BMD than Individuals with Peripheral Fractures: a Sub-study of NoFRACT.
• Slagstad, Ketil (2019, 01. november). Nøster opp i nettverk. [Tidsskrift].  Tidsskrift for Norsk psykologforening.
• Slagstad, Ketil (2019). Homohelseaktivisme før aids. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001. . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.19.0352
• Slagstad, Ketil (2019). Diagnosens makt - medisinske kjønnsforståelser i endring.
• Slagstad, Ketil (2019). The Power of Diagnosis: Changing Understandings of Gender and Sex in Medicine.

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