Morten Lindbæk

• Butler, Christopher C.; van der Velden, Alike; Bongard, Emily; Saville, Benjamin R; Holmes, Jane; Coenen, Samuel; Cook, Johanna; Francis, Nick; Lewis, Roger J; Godycki-Cwirko, Maciek; Llor, Carl; Chlabicz, Sławomir; Lionis, Christos; Seifert, Bohumil; Sundvall, Pär-Daniel; Colliers, Annelies; Aabenhus, Rune; Bjerrum, Lars; Harbin, Nicolay Jonassen; Lindbæk, Morten; Glinz, Dominik; Bucher, Heiner C.; Kovács, Bernadett; Radzeviciene Jurgute, Ruta; Touboul Lundgren, Pia; Little, Paul; Murphy, Andrew W; De Sutter, An; Openshaw, Peter; de Jong, Menno D; Connor, Jason T; Matheeussen, Veerle; Ieven, Margareta; Goossens, Herman & Verheij, Theo (2020). Oseltamivir plus usual care versus usual care for influenza-like illness in primary care: an open-label, pragmatic, randomised controlled trial. The Lancet.  ISSN 0140-6736.  395(10217), s 42- 52 . doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)32982-4
• Eig, Ruth Davey; Harbin, Nicolay Jonassen; Gjelstad, Svein; Høye, Sigurd; Jensen, Siri; Lindbæk, Morten & Blix, Hege Salvesen (2020). RASK – Promoting appropriate use of antibiotics in municipal healthcare institutions, In Gunnar Skov Simonsen; Hege Salvesen Blix; Kari Grave & Anne Margrete Urdahl (ed.),  NORM/NORM-vet 2019. Usage of Antimicrobial Agents and Occurrence of Antimicrobial Resistance in Norway.  NORM/NORM-VET.  Kapittel.  s 42 - 43
• Harbin, Nicolay Jonassen; Haug, Jon Birger; Romøren, Maria & Lindbæk, Morten (2020). Oral and parenteral antibiotic use in Norwegian nursing homes: are primary care institutions becoming our new local hospitals?. JAC - Antimicrobial Resistance.  ISSN 2632-1823.  2(4) . doi: dlaa093
• Høye, Sigurd; Lindbæk, Morten & Blix, Hege Salvesen (2020). RAK – Promoting appropriate use of antibiotics among general practitioners, In Gunnar Skov Simonsen; Hege Salvesen Blix; Kari Grave & Anne Margrete Urdahl (ed.),  NORM/NORM-vet 2019. Usage of Antimicrobial Agents and Occurrence of Antimicrobial Resistance in Norway.  NORM/NORM-VET.  Kapittel.  s 40 - 41
• Rystedt, Karin; Harbin, Nicolay Jonassen; Lindbæk, Morten; Radzeviciene, Ruta; Gunnarsson, Ronny; Eggertsen, Robert; Butler, Christopher C.; van der Velden, Alike; Verheij, Theo J. M. & Sundvall, Pär-Daniel (2020). Is C-reactive protein associated with influenza A or B in primary care patients with influenza-like illness? A cross-sectional study. Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care.  ISSN 0281-3432.  s 1- 7 . doi: 10.1080/02813432.2020.1843942.
• Vik, Ingvild; Mdala, Ibrahimu; Bollestad, Marianne; Cordoba, Gloria; Bjerrum, Lars; Neumark, Thomas; Damsgaard, Eivind; Baerheim, Anders; Grude, Nils & Lindbæk, Morten (2020). Predicting the use of antibiotics after initial symptomatic treatment of an uncomplicated urinary tract infection: Analyses performed after a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open.  ISSN 2044-6055.  10:e035074(8), s 1- 8 . doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035074 Vis sammendrag

  Objective To predict antibiotic use after initial treatment with ibuprofen using data from a randomised controlled trial comparing ibuprofen to pivmecillinam in the treatment of women with symptoms of an uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI). Setting 16 sites in a primary care setting in Norway, Sweden and Denmark. Participants Data from 181 non-pregnant women aged 18–60 presenting with symptoms of uncomplicated UTI, initially treated with ibuprofen. Methods Using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator logistic regression model, we conducted analyses to see if baseline information could help us predict which women could be treated with ibuprofen without risking treatment failure and which women should be recommended antibiotics. Results Of the 143 women included in the final analysis, 77 (53.8%) recovered without antibiotics and 66 (46.2 %) were subsequently prescribed antibiotics. In the unadjusted binary logistic regression, the number of days with symptoms before inclusion (<3 days) and feeling moderately unwell or worse (≥4 on a scale of 0–6) were significant predictors for subsequent antibiotic use. In the adjusted model, no predictors were significantly associated with subsequent antibiotic use. The area under the curve of the final model was 0.66 (95% CI: 0.57 to 0.74). Conclusion We did not find any baseline information that significantly predicted the use of antibiotic treatment. Identifying women who need antibiotic treatment to manage their uncomplicated UTI is still challenging. Larger data sets are needed to develop models that are more accurate

• Holmedal, Øystein; Olaussen, Morten; Mdala, Ibrahimu; Natvig, Bård & Lindbæk, Morten (2019). Predictors for outcome in acute lateral epicondylitis. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.  ISSN 1471-2474.  20(1) . doi: 10.1186/s12891-019-2758-y
• Jansåker, Filip; Bollestad, Marianne; Vik, Ingvild; Lindbæk, Morten; Bjerrum, Lars; Frimodt-Møller, Niels & Knudsen, Jenny Dahl (2019). Pivmecillinam for uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections caused by staphylococcus saprophyticus - cumulative observational data from four recent clinical studies. Antibiotics.  ISSN 2079-6382.  8(2) . doi: 10.3390/antibiotics8020057
• Van Buul, Laura W; Monnier, Annelie A; Sundvall, Par-Daniel; Ulleryd, Peter; Godycki-Cwirko, Maciek; Kowalczyk, Anna; Lindbæk, Morten & Hertogh, Cees M.P.M. (2019). Antibiotic Stewardship in European Nursing Homes: Experiences From the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, and Sweden. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association.  ISSN 1525-8610.  21(1), s 34- 40.e1 . doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2019.10.005
• Vik, Ingvild; Bollestad, Marianne; Grude, Nils; Baerheim, Anders; Damsgaard, Eivind; Neumark, Thomas; Bjerrum, Lars; Cordoba, Gloria; Olsen, Inge Christoffer & Lindbæk, Morten (2018). Ibuprofen versus pivmecillinam for uncomplicated urinary tract infection in women-A double-blind, randomized non-inferiority trial. PLoS Medicine.  ISSN 1549-1277.  15(5), s 1- 21 . doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002569
• Bollestad, Marianne; Grude, Nils; Solhaug, Sigrid; Raffelsberger, Niclas Peter; Handal, Nina; Nilsen, Hans-Johnny; Romstad, Monica Regine; Emmert, Andreas; Tveten, Yngvar; Søraas, Arne Vasli; Jenum, Pål; Jenum, Synne; Møller-Stray, Janne; Weme, Einar Tollaksen; Lindbæk, Morten & Simonsen, Gunnar Skov (2018). Clinical and bacteriological efficacy of pivmecillinam treatment for uncomplicated urinary tract infections caused by ESBL-producing Escherichia coli: a prospective, multicentre, observational cohort study.. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy.  ISSN 0305-7453.  73(9), s 2503- 2509 . doi: 10.1093/jac/dky230
• Bollestad, Marianne; Vik, Ingvild; Grude, Nils & Lindbæk, Morten (2018). Predictors of Symptom Duration and Bacteriuria in Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection. Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care.  ISSN 0281-3432. . doi: 10.1080/02813432.2018.1499602
• Eliassen, Knut Eirik; Reiso, Harald; Berild, Dag & Lindbæk, Morten (2018). Comparison of phenoxymethylpenicillin, amoxicillin, and doxycycline for erythema migrans in general practice. A randomized controlled trial with a 1-year follow-up. Clinical Microbiology and Infection (CMI).  ISSN 1198-743X.  24(12), s 1290- 1296 . doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2018.02.028
• Fossum, Guro Haugen; Gjelstad, Svein; Kvaerner, Kari Jorunn & Lindbæk, Morten (2018). Prescribing antibiotics when the stakes are higher — do GPs prescribe less when patients are pregnant? A retrospective observational study. British Journal of General Practice Open.  ISSN 2398-3795.  2(2), s 1- 12 . doi: 10.3399/bjgpopen18X101505 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Background Most oral antibiotics are prescribed by GPs, and they are therefore the most important influencers with regard to improving antibiotic prescription patterns. Although GPs’ prescription patterns in general are well-studied, little is known about antibiotic prescription patterns in pregnancy. Aim To study GPs’ antibiotic prescriptions in respiratory tract infections (RTIs) during pregnancy, and assess differences, if any, between pregnant and non-pregnant patients. Design & setting Retrospective observational study combining prescription data from the Norwegian Peer Academic Detailing (Rx-PAD) study database, pregnancy data from the Norwegian birth registry, and pharmacy dispension data from the Norwegian Prescription Database (NorPD). Method Records of patient contacts with 458 GPs, between December 2004 and February 2007, were screened for RTI episodes. Similar diagnoses were grouped together, as were similar antibiotics. Episodes were categorised according to whether the patient was pregnant or not, and included women aged 16–46 years. Logistic regression models were used to assess odds ratios (ORs), and calculated relative risks (cRRs) were produced. The authors also adjusted for clustering at various levels. Results Overall prescription rate for RTI episodes was 30.8% (n = 96 830). The cohort was reduced to include only episodes with women pregnant in the study period (n = 18 890). The antibiotic prescription rate in pregnancy was 25.9% versus 34.2% in the time before and after pregnancy (cRR = 0.66 [95% confidence intervals {CI} = 0.68 to 0.81]). During pregnancy, 83.0% of the antibiotic prescriptions were picked up at a pharmacy, compared to an 86.6% filling rate in non-pregnant patients. The difference was not significant when adjusting for clustering at the patient level. Conclusion Norwegian GPs prescribe fewer antibiotics overall when patients are pregnant and, when they do prescribe, choose more narrow spectrum antibiotics for RTIs. This indicates a possible lower target rate for GP prescriptions to females. A low antibiotic dispension rate during pregnancy may represent a discussion topic in the consultation setting, to address possible reasons and avoid under-treatment.

• Fossum, Guro Haugen; Lindbæk, Morten; Gjelstad, Svein & Kvaerner, Kari Jorunn (2018). Relationship between Maternal and First Year of Life Dispensations of Antibiotics and Antiasthmatics. Antibiotics.  ISSN 2079-6382.  7(3) . doi: 10.3390/antibiotics7030084
• Kållberg, Cecilia Birgit Maria; Årdal, Christine Oline; Blix, Hege Salvesen; Klein, Eili; Martinez, Elena M; Lindbæk, Morten; Outterson, Kevin; Røttingen, John-Arne & Laxminarayan, Ramanan (2018). Introduction and geographic availability of new antibiotics approved between 1999 and 2014. PLOS ONE.  ISSN 1932-6203.  13(10) . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205166 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Lindbæk, Morten (2018). Broad-spectrum antibiotics gave no clinical benefit and more adverse effects than narrow-spectrum antibiotics in treating acute respiratory tract infections in US children.. BMJ Evidence Based Medicine. . doi: 10.1136/bmjebm-2018-110938
• Alberg, Torunn; Holen, Øyunn; Blix, Hege Salvesen; Lindbæk, Morten; Bentele, Horst & Eriksen, Hanne-Merete (2017). Antibiotikabruk og infeksjoner i sykehjem. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  137(5), s 357- 361 . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.16.0621
• Berg, Are Stuwitz; Inchley, Christopher; Fjærli, Hans Olav; Leegaard, Truls Michael; Lindbæk, Morten & Nakstad, Britt (2017). Clinical features and inflammatory markers in pediatric pneumonia: a prospective study. European Journal of Pediatrics.  ISSN 0340-6199.  176(5), s 629- 638 . doi: 10.1007/s00431-017-2887-y
• Bollestad, Marianne; Vik, Ingvild; Grude, Nils; Blix, Hege Salvesen; Brekke, Hanne & Lindbæk, Morten (2017). Bacteriology in uncomplicated urinary tract infections in Norwegian general practice from 2001–2015. British Journal of General Practice Open.  ISSN 2398-3795. . doi: https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgpopen17X101145
• Eliassen, Knut Eirik; Berild, Dag; Reiso, Harald; Grude, Nils; Christophersen, Karen Sofie; Finckenhagen, Cecilie & Lindbæk, Morten (2017). Incidence and antibiotic treatment of erythema migrans in Norway 2005–2009. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases.  ISSN 1877-959X.  8(1), s 1- 8 . doi: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2016.06.006
• Eliassen, Knut Eirik; Hjetland, Reidar; Reiso, Harald; Lindbæk, Morten & Tschudi-Madsen, Hedda (2017). Symptom load and general function among patients with erythema migrans: a prospective study with a 1-year follow-up after antibiotic treatment in Norwegian general practice. Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care.  ISSN 0281-3432.  35(1), s 75- 83 . doi: 10.1080/02813432.2017.1288812
• Romøren, Maria; Gjelstad, Svein & Lindbæk, Morten (2017). A structured training program for health workers in intravenous treatment with fluids and antibiotics in nursing homes: A modified stepped-wedge cluster-randomised trial to reduce hospital admissions. PLOS ONE.  ISSN 1932-6203.  12(9) . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182619 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Dyrkorn, Roar; Gjelstad, Svein; Espnes, Ketil Arne & Lindbæk, Morten (2016). Peer academic detailing on use of antibiotics in acute respiratory tract infections. A controlled study in an urban Norwegian out-of-hours service. Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care.  ISSN 0281-3432.  34(2), s 180- 185 . doi: 10.3109/02813432.2016.1163035
• Gran, Sarah Frandsen; Brænd, Anja Maria; Lindbæk, Morten & Frich, Jan C (2016). General practitioners’ and students’ experiences with feedback during a six-week clerkship in general practice: A qualitative study. Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care.  ISSN 0281-3432.  34(2), s 172- 179 . doi: 10.3109/02813432.2016.1160633
• Ulstad, Charlotte Rosenberg; Solheim, Margrete; Berg, Sophie; Lindbæk, Morten; Dahle, Ulf R & Wester, Astrid Lousie (2016). Carriage of ESBL/AmpC-producing or ciprofloxacin non-susceptible Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. in healthy people in Norway. Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control.  ISSN 2047-2994.  5 . doi: 10.1186/s13756-016-0156-x Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Bollestad, Marianne; Grude, Nils & Lindbæk, Morten (2015). A randomized controlled trial of a diagnostic algorithm for symptoms of uncomplicated cystitis at an out-of-hours service. Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care.  ISSN 0281-3432.  33(2), s 57- 64 . doi: 10.3109/02813432.2015.1041827
• Fagan, Mark Stephan; Lindbæk, Morten; Grude, Nils; Reiso, Harald; Romøren, Maria; Skaare, Dagfinn & Berild, Dag (2015). Antibiotic resistance patterns of bacteria causing urinary tract infections in the elderly living in nursing homes versus the elderly living at home: an observational study. BMC Geriatrics.  ISSN 1471-2318.  15 . doi: 10.1186/s12877-015-0097-x
• Foshaug, Mats; Vandbakk-Rüther, Maria; Skaare, Dagfinn; Grude, Nils & Lindbæk, Morten (2015). Mycoplasma pneumoniae detection causes excess antibiotic use in Norwegian general practice: a retrospective case–control study. British Journal of General Practice.  ISSN 0960-1643.  65(631), s e82- e88 . doi: 10.3399/bjgp15X683509
• Olaussen, Morten; Holmedal, Øystein; Mdala, Ibrahimu; Brage, Søren Karl & Lindbæk, Morten (2015). Corticosteroid or placebo injection combined with deep transverse friction massage, Mills manipulation, stretching and eccentric exercise for acute lateral epicondylitis: a randomised, controlled trial. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.  ISSN 1471-2474.  16 . doi: 10.1186/s12891-015-0582-6
• Touboule-Lundgren, Pia; Jensen, Siri; Drai, Johan & Lindbæk, Morten (2015). Identification of cultural determinants of antibiotic use cited in primary care in Europe: A mixed research synthesis study of integrated design "culture is all around us" Health behavior, health promotion and society. BMC Public Health.  ISSN 1471-2458.  15:908 . doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-2254-8 Vis sammendrag

  BACKGROUND: Inappropriate antibiotic prescribing, particularly for respiratory tract infections (RTI) in ambulatory care, has become a worldwide public health threat due to resulting antibiotic resistance. In spite of various interventions and campaigns, wide variations in antibiotic use persist between European countries. Cultural determinants are often referred to as a potential cause, but are rarely defined. To our knowledge, so far no systematic literature review has focused on cultural determinants of antibiotic use. The aim of this study was to identify cultural determinants, on a country-specific level in ambulatory care in Europe, and to describe the influence of culture on antibiotic use, using a framework of cultural dimensions. METHOD: A computer-based systematic literature review was conducted by two research teams, in France and in Norway. Eligible publications included studies exploring antibiotic use in primary care in at least two European countries based on primary study results, featuring a description of cultural determinants, and published between 1997 and 2015. Quality assessment was conducted independently by two researchers, one in each team, using appropriate checklists according to study design. Each included paper was characterized according to method, countries involved, sampling and main results, and cultural determinants mentioned in each selected paper were extracted, described and categorized. Finally, the influence of Hofstede's cultural dimensions associated with antibiotic consumption within a primary care setting was described. RESULTS: Among 24 eligible papers, 11 were rejected according to exclusion criteria. Overall, 13 papers meeting the quality assessment criteria were included, of which 11 used quantitative methods and two qualitative or mixed methods. The study participants were patients (nine studies) and general practitioners (two studies). This literature review identified various cultural determinants either patient-related (illness perception/behaviour, health-seeking behaviour, previous experience, antibiotic awareness, drug perception, diagnosis labelling, work ethos, perception of practitioner) or practitioner-related (RTI management, initial training, antibiotic awareness, legal issues, practice context) or both (antibiotic awareness). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Cultural factors should be considered as exerting an ubiquitous influence on all the consecutive stages of the disease process and seem closely linked to education. Interactions between determinant categories, cultural dimensions and antibiotic use in primary care are multiple, complex and require further investigation within overlapping disciplines. The context of European projects seems particularly

• Earnshaw, S; Lindbæk, Morten & Antibiotic Awareness Day Col, European (2014). European Antibiotic Awareness Day: a five-year perspective of Europe-wide actions to promote prudent use of antibiotics.. Eurosurveillance.  ISSN 1025-496X.  19(41)
• Fagan, Mark Stephan; Lindbæk, Morten; Reiso, Harald & Berild, Dag (2014). A simple intervention to reduce inappropriate ciprofloxacin prescribing in the emergency department. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases.  ISSN 0036-5548.  46(7), s 481- 485 . doi: 10.3109/00365548.2014.880187
• Lindbæk, Morten (2014). Delayed prescribing for respiratory tract infections in primary care results in lower antibiotic use.. Evidence-Based Medicine.  ISSN 1356-5524.  19(5), s 197- 197 . doi: 10.1136/eb-2014-110012
• Vik, Ingvild; Bollestad, Marianne; Grude, Nils; Baerheim, Anders; Mölstad, Sigvard; Bjerrum, Lars & Lindbæk, Morten (2014). Ibuprofen versus mecillinam for uncomplicated cystitis - a randomized controlled trial study protocol. BMC Infectious Diseases.  ISSN 1471-2334.  14:693 . doi: 10.1186/s12879-014-0693-y Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Fossum, Guro Haugen; Lindbæk, Morten; Gjelstad, Svein; Dalen, Ingvild & Kvaerner, Kari Jorunn (2013). Are children carrying the burden of broad-spectrum antibiotics in general practice? Prescription pattern for paediatric outpatients with respiratory tract infections in Norway. BMJ Open.  ISSN 2044-6055.  3(1) . doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2012-002285
• Gjelstad, Svein; Høye, Sigurd; Straand, Jørund; Brekke, Mette; Dalen, Ingvild & Lindbæk, Morten (2013). Improving antibiotic prescribing in acute respiratory tract infections: cluster randomised trial from Norwegian general practice (prescription peer academic detailing (Rx-PAD) study). BMJ. British Medical Journal.  ISSN 0959-8146.  347 . doi: 10.1136/bmj.f4403
• Hjetland, Reidar; Eliassen, Knut Eirik; Lindbæk, Morten; Nilsen, Roy Miodini; Grude, Nils & Ulvestad, Elling (2013). Tick bites in healthy adults from western Norway: Occurrence, risk factors, and outcomes. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases.  ISSN 1877-959X.  4(4), s 304- 310 . doi: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2013.02.003
• Høye, Sigurd; Gjelstad, Svein & Lindbæk, Morten (2013). Effects on antibiotic dispensing rates of interventions to promote delayed prescribing for respiratory tract infections in primary care. British Journal of General Practice.  ISSN 0960-1643.  63(616), s E777- E786 . doi: 10.3399/bjgp13X674468.
• Olaussen, Morten; Holmedal, Øystein; Lindbæk, Morten; Brage, Søren Karl & Solvang, Hiroko Kato (2013). Treating lateral epicondylitis with corticosteroid injections or non-electrotherapeutical physiotherapy: a systematic review. BMJ Open.  ISSN 2044-6055.  3(10:e003564) . doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2013-003564 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Skeie, Ivar; Brekke, Mette; Clausen, Thomas; Gossop, Michael; Lindbæk, Morten; Reinertsen, Even; Thoresen, Magne & Waal, Helge (2013). Increased Somatic Morbidity in the First Year after Leaving Opioid Maintenance Treatment: Results from a Norwegian Cohort Study. European Addiction Research.  ISSN 1022-6877.  19(4), s 194- 201 . doi: 10.1159/000345229
• Fagan, Mark Stephan; Mæhlen, Marthe Thoresen; Lindbæk, Morten & Berild, Dag (2012). Antibiotic prescribing in nursing homes in an area with low prevalence of antibiotic resistance: Compliance with national guidelines. Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care.  ISSN 0281-3432.  30(1), s 10- 15 . doi: 10.3109/02813432.2011.629156
• Hjerkinn, Bjørg; Lindbæk, Morten & Rosvold, Elin Olaug (2012). Behaviour among children of substance-abusing women attending a Special Child Welfare Clinic in Norway, as assessed by Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences.  ISSN 0283-9318. . doi: 10.1111/j.1471-6712.2012.01030.x
• Jensen, Siri; Lie, Anne Kveim; Eliassen, Knut Eirik; Lindbæk, Morten & Gradmann, Christoph (2012). Antibiotikaresistens i Norge-aktørseminar 16.01.2008. Michael Quarterly.  ISSN 1504-0658.  9(1), s 13- 79
• Jensen, Siri; Lie, Anne Kveim; Eliassen, Knut Eirik; Lindbæk, Morten & Gradmann, Christoph (2012). Erindringer om resistens- Et aktørseminar om antibiotikaresistensens historie. Michael Quarterly.  ISSN 1504-0658.  9(1), s 7- 12 . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.10.0283
• Johansen, Inger; Lindbæk, Morten; Stanghelle, Johan K & Brekke, Mette (2012). Independence, institutionalization, death and treatment costs 18 months after rehabilitation of older people in two different primary health care settings. BMC Health Services Research.  ISSN 1472-6963.  12(400) . doi: 10.1186/1472-6963-12-400
• Johansen, Inger; Lindbæk, Morten; Stanghelle, Johan K & Brekke, Mette (2012). Structured community-based inpatient rehabilitation of older patients is better than standard primary health care rehabilitation - an open comparative study. Disability and Rehabilitation.  ISSN 0963-8288.  34(24), s 2039- 2046 . doi: 10.3109/09638288.2012.667193
• Romøren, Maria; Lindbæk, Morten & Nordeng, Hedvig Marie Egeland (2012). Pregnancy outcome after gestational exposure to erythromycin - a population-based register study from Norway. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology.  ISSN 0306-5251.  74(6), s 1053- 1062 . doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04286.x
• Waal, Helge; Brekke, Mette; Clausen, Thomas; Lindbæk, Morten; Rosta, Judith; Skeie, Ivar & Aasland, Olaf Gjerløw (2012). Fastlegers syn på legemiddelassistert rehabilitering. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  132(16), s 1861- 1866 . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.12.0124
• Agdestein, Benedicte; Lindbæk, Morten & Gjelstad, Svein (2011). Do general practitioners follow the national guidelines for treating urinary tract infections with antibiotics?. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  17, s 1641- 1644
• Gjelstad, Svein; Straand, Jørund; Dalen, Ingvild; Fetveit, Arne; Strøm, Hanne & Lindbæk, Morten (2011). Do general practitioners' consultation rates influence their prescribing patterns of antibiotics for acute respiratory tract infections?. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy.  ISSN 0305-7453.  66(10), s 2425- 2433 . doi: 10.1093/jac/dkr295
• Høye, Sigurd; Frich, Jan C & Lindbæk, Morten (2011). Use and feasibility of delayed prescribing for respiratory tract infections: A questionnaire survey. BMC Family Practice.  ISSN 1471-2296.  12 . doi: 10.1186/1471-2296-12-34
• Johansen, Inger; Lindbæk, Morten; Stanghelle, Johan K & Brekke, Mette (2011). Effective rehabilitation of older people in a district rehabilitation centre. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine.  ISSN 1650-1977.  43(5), s 461- 464 . doi: 10.2340/16501977-0792
• Skeie, Ivar; Brekke, Mette; Gossop, Michael; Lindbæk, Morten; Reinertsen, Even; Thoresen, Magne & Waal, Helge (2011). Changes in somatic disease incidents during opioid maintenance treatment: results from a Norwegian cohort study. BMJ Open.  ISSN 2044-6055.  1 . doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2011-000130
• Brænd, Anja Maria Lyche; Gran, Sarah Frandsen; Frich, Jan C & Lindbæk, Morten (2010). Medical students' clinical performance in general practice - Triangulating assessments from patients, teachers and students. Medical Teacher.  ISSN 0142-159X.  32(4), s 333- 339 . doi: 10.3109/01421590903516866 Vis sammendrag

  Background: Formative assessment of medical students' clinical performance during general practice clerkship is necessary to learn consultation skills. Aims: Our aim was to triangulate feedback using patient questionnaires, written self-assessment and teachers' observation-based assessment, and to describe the content of this feedback. Method: We developed StudentPEP, a 15-item version of EUROPEP, a tool for measuring patients' evaluation of quality in general practice. The teacher and student forms consisted of five StudentPEP-items and open-ended questions asking for approval and improvement needed on four aspects. Quantitative scores were analyzed statistically. Free-text comments were analyzed and categorized into 'specific and concrete' versus 'general and unspecific'. Results: One hundred seventy-three students returned data from 2643 consultations. Mean patients' scores for 15 items were 4.3-4.8 on a five-point Likert scale. Mean teacher scores were 4.4 on five items, while students' mean self-assessments were 3.6-3.8. In an analysis of 380 consultations, students were more specific and concrete in their self-evaluation compared with teachers (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Patients scored students' performance high compared with students' self-assessments. Teachers' scores were in accordance with patients' scores. Teachers' written evaluations of students were often general. There is a potential for improving teachers' feedback in terms of more specific and concrete comments.

• Frich, Jan C; Høye, Sigurd; Lindbæk, Morten & Straand, Jørund (2010). General practitioners and tutors' experiences with peer group academic detailing: a qualitative study. BMC Family Practice.  ISSN 1471-2296.  11 . doi: 10.1186/1471-2296-11-12
• Gran, Sarah Frandsen; Brænd, Anja Maria Lyche & Lindbæk, Morten (2010). Triangulation of written assessments from patients, teachers and students: Useful for students and teachers?. Medical Teacher.  ISSN 0142-159X.  32(12), s E552- E558 . doi: 10.3109/0142159X.2010.528808
• Hjerkinn, Bjørg L; Lindbæk, Morten; Skogmo, Idar & Rosvold, Elin Olaug (2010). Neuropsychological screening of children of substance-abusing women attending a Special Child Welfare Clinic in Norway. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment.  ISSN 0740-5472.  5 . doi: 10.1186/1747-597X-5-17
• Høye, Sigurd; Frich, Jan C & Lindbæk, Morten (2010). Delayed prescribing for upper respiratory tract infections: a qualitative study of GPs' views and experiences. British Journal of General Practice.  ISSN 0960-1643.  60(581), s 907- 912 . doi: 10.3399/bjgp10X544087
• Jensen, Siri; Lindbæk, Morten; Gradmann, Christoph & Lie, Anne Kveim (2010). Erindringer om antibiotikaresistensens historie. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  24(130), s 2494- 2498 . doi: 10.4045
• Gjelstad, Svein; Dalen, Ingvild & Lindbæk, Morten (2009). GPs' antibiotic prescription patterns for respiratory tract infections - still room for improvement. Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care.  ISSN 0281-3432.  27(4), s 208- 215 . doi: 10.3109/02813430903438718

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• Lindbæk, Morten (2013). Nasjonale retningslinjer for antibiotikabruk i primærhelsetjenesten. Helsedirektoratet.  ISBN 978-82-8081-271-1.  330 s.
• Lindbæk, Morten (red.) (2012). Nasjonale faglige retningslinjer for antibiotikabruk i primærhelsetjenesten. 2 utgave (2012). Helsedirektoratet.  ISBN 978-82-8081-252-0.  238 s.

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• Høye, Sigurd; Lindbæk, Morten & Blix, Hege Salvesen (2019). Effects of an easy-to-implement, sustainable antimicrobial stewardship intervention in primary care – the ENORM (Educational intervention in NORwegian Municipalities for antibiotic treatment in line with guidelines) study.
• Lindbæk, Morten; Bjerrum, Lars & Llor, Carl (2019). Challenges in handling of Urinary tract infections in primary care.
• Lindemann, Paul Christoffer; Gammelsrud, Karianne Wiger; Löhr, Iren Høyland; Akselsen, Per Espen; Lindbæk, Morten & Sundsfjord, Arnfinn (2019). Valg av antibiotika - viktig endring i prøvesvar fra mikrobiologen. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  139(12) . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.19.0339
• Dysthe, Bjørg Elise Tønnesen; Lødøen, Gjertrud; Romøren, Maria & Lindbæk, Morten (2018). Klamydiaepidemien som viste seg å være feilregistreringer. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  (4) . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.17.0965
• Lindbæk, Morten (2018). Antibiotic prescribing does not decrease complications in adult patients with lower respiratory tract infections.. Evidence-Based Medicine.  ISSN 1356-5524. . doi: 10.1136/bmjebm-2017-110794
• Bollestad, Marianne; Grude, Nils; Lindbæk, Morten & Simonsen, Gunnar Skov (2017). “Mecillinam treatment of UTI caused by ESBL producing E. coli”.
• Bollestad, Marianne; Vik, Ingvild; Lindbæk, Morten; Grude, Nils; Brekke, Hanne & Blix, Hege Salvesen (2017). “Bacteriology in uncomplicated urinary tract infections in Norwegian general practice from 2001-2015.”.
• Bjerrum, Lars & Lindbæk, Morten (2015). Which treatment strategy for women with symptoms of urinary tract infection. BMJ. British Medical Journal.  ISSN 1756-1833.  351, s 6888- 6888
• Steinbakk, Martin; Sunde, Marianne; Urdal, Anne Margrete; Barkbu, Kjersti Nilsen; Sørum, Henning; Lunestad, Bjørn Tore; Bonhorst, Janne Øvrebø; Nielsen, Kaare Magne; Lindbæk, Morten & Bjørnholt, Jørgen (2014). Antibiotikaresistens - kunnskapshull, utfordringer og aktuelle tiltak. Rapport fra tverrsektoriell ekspertgruppe. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Bjerrum, Lars; Cordoba Correa, GC; Llor, Carl & Lindbæk, Morten (2013). Lower threshold for rapid antigen detection testing in patients with sore throats would reduce antibiotic use. BMJ. British Medical Journal.  ISSN 0959-8146.  347 . doi: 10.1136/bmj.f7055
• Gjelstad, Svein & Lindbæk, Morten (2013). Prognosis of respiratory tract infections in primary care. BMJ. British Medical Journal.  ISSN 0959-8146.  347 . doi: 10.1136/bmj.f7185
• Johansen, Inger; Lindbæk, Morten; Stanghelle, Johan K & Brekke, Mette (2013). Effekt av rehabilitering av eldre i to ulike modeller i primærhelsetjenesten - en åpen, prospektiv, sammenliknende observasjonsstudie.
• kallestrup, Per; Schriver, Michael; Lindbæk, Morten & Hjortdahl, Per (2013). "If you want to go fast, go alone. If you want to go far, go together": a call for a Nordic engagement in the development of family medicine in Africa. Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care.  ISSN 0281-3432.  31(4), s 183- 184 . doi: 10.3109/02813432.2013.838340
• Lindbæk, Morten; Jensen, Siri; Eliassen, Knut Eirik; Fetveit, Arne; Grude, Nils; Berild, Dag & Hjortdahl, Per (2013). New guidelines for use of antibiotics in the primary health care service. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.
• Skeie, Ivar; Brekke, Mette; Lindbæk, Morten & Waal, Helge (2013). Somatisk sykelighet blant opioidavhengige før, under og etter legemiddelassistert rehabilitering (LAR).
• Gjelstad, Svein & Lindbæk, Morten (2012). Variations in Norwegian GPs' antibiotic prescription habits for respiratory tract infections. NORM/NORM-VET. 12.
• Gjelstad, Svein; Straand, Jørund; Lindbæk, Morten & Dalen, Ingvild (2012). Kan fastlegenes forskrivningsvaner endres? Kollegabasert terapiveiledning (KTV-prosjektet).
• Johansen, Inger; Lindbæk, Morten; Stanghelle, Johan K & Brekke, Mette (2012). Effekt av rehabilitering av eldre i kommunalt senter versus i korttidsplasser på sykehjem - en åpen prospektiv observasjonsstudie.
• Johansen, Inger; Lindbæk, Morten; Stanghelle, Johan K & Brekke, Mette (2012). Effekt av rehabilitering av eldre i kommunalt senter versus i korttidsplasser på sykehjem - en åpen prospektiv observasjonsstudie.
• Johansen, Inger; Lindbæk, Morten; Stanghelle, Johan K & Brekke, Mette (2012). Effekten av tverrfaglig døgnbasert rehabilitering av eldre i to ulike modeller i primærhelsetjenesten - en åpen prospektiv sammenliknende studie og en oppfølgingsstudie.
• Johansen, Inger; Lindbæk, Morten; Stanghelle, Johan K & Brekke, Mette (2012). Funksjon, institusjonalisering, død og kostnadsanalyse 18 måneder etter rehabilitering av eldre i to ulike modeller i primærhelsetjenesten.
• Johansen, Inger; Lindbæk, Morten; Stanghelle, Johan K & Brekke, Mette (2012). Multidisciplinary Primary Care rehabilitation of older patients is better in Dedicated Inpatient Rehabilitation, PCDIR, compared to in Nursing Home Rehabilitation, PCNHR. An open comparative study. Vis sammendrag

  Purpose: To compare the outcome of multi-disciplinary rehabilitation of older patients in a district center (Model1) versus in short term beds in nursing homes (Model 2). Theory: Due to the ageing of populations and short hospital stays we need effective rehabilitation of older people in primary health care. There is little information in this field. Methods: Open, prospective comparative study. 302 disabled patients, 202 and 100 in Model 1(M1) and 2(M2) respectively, aged >65 years, having a rehabilitation potential. Referred from district hospital, nursing- or own homes. Outcomes: Primary: Sunnaas ADL Index (SI). Secondary: Umeaa Life Satisfaction Checklist (LSC). Cognitive (MMSE), emotional (SCL10) status, hours/week care, length of stay in rehabilitation and nursing home and hospital after the rehabilitation. Three and 18 months follow-up. Findings: Higher improvement in SI, persisting after three months, in M1 compared to M2: 1.9 points more (95%CI(0.99-2.81), p<0.001), during 2.4 weeks shorter rehabilitation (CI (1.6-3.1), p<0.001). The LSC-scores indicated satisfied in both models. Lower scores in M1 for home care at three months follow-up (diff.0.5 95%CI(0.2-0.8) p=0.002). Data for comparison of dependency, institutionalization and death at 18 months follow-up and comparison of the rehabilitation and care costs are yet not published, but will be presented at the congress. Discussion: Disabled older patients can improve and persist their independency significantly higher and faster when receiving structured, multi-disciplinary rehabilitation in a district inpatient center, compared to rehabilitation in short term beds in nursing homes.

• Lindbæk, Morten (2012). Hvordan behandle akutt sinusitt. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  132, s 128
• Lindbæk, Morten & Førde, Reidun (2012). Virksom antibiotika – et samfunnsansvar. Dagsavisen.  ISSN 1503-2892.
• Skeie, Ivar; Waal, Helge; Brekke, Mette & Lindbæk, Morten (2012). Somatic morbidity among dependent opioid users before, during and after opioid maintenance treatment Longitudinal cohort studies of acute and subacute disease incidents.
• Olaussen, Morten; Holmedal, Øystein; Lindbæk, Morten & Brage, Søren Karl (2011). Physiotherapy with corticosteroid injection for acute lateral epicondylitis: a randomised, placebo-controlled study.
• Skeie, Ivar; Brekke, Mette; Lindbæk, Morten & Waal, Helge (2011). HVORDAN VURDERER OPIOIDAVHENGIGE EGEN HELSE OG LIVSKVALITET OG FORHOLDET TIL HELSEVESEN OG ALLMENNLEGE FØR, UNDER OG ETTER LEGEMIDDELASSISTERT REHABILITERING?.
• Skeie, Ivar; Brekke, Mette; Lindbæk, Morten & Waal, Helge (2011). Health related quality of life and self perceived relation to health care services among dependent opioid users before, during and after maintenance treatment.
• Skeie, Ivar; Brekke, Mette; Lindbæk, Morten & Waal, Helge (2011). Somatisk sykelighet hos pasienter som avslutter LAR.
• Skeie, Ivar; Brekke, Mette; Lindbæk, Morten & Waal, Helge (2011). State of health, quality of life and access to health care before, during and after opioid maintenance treatment.
• Berild, Dag & Lindbæk, Morten (2010). Antibiotikabruk til bekymring :. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  130(20), s 2010
• Hjerkinn, Bjørg; Lindbæk, Morten & Rosvold, Elin Olaug (2010). Neuropsychological development and behavioural assessment of children of substance abusing women attending a Special Child Welfare Clinic in Norway.
• Hjerkinn, Bjørg; Lindbæk, Morten & Rosvold, Elin Olaug (2010). Neuropsychological development and behavioural assessment of children of substance abusing women attending a Special Child Welfare Clinic in Norway. Utposten.  ISSN 0800-5680.
• Hjerkinn, Bjørg; Lindbæk, Morten; Rosvold, Elin Olaug & Skogemo, Idar (2010). Neuropsychological screening and behaviour assessment of children of substance abusing women attending a Special Child Welfare Clinic in Norway.
• Nordeng, Hedvig Marie Egeland; Romøren, Maria & Lindbæk, Morten (2010). Safety of macrolides during pregnancy – with special focus on erythromycin and congenital heart malformations.
• Skeie, Ivar; Brekke, Mette; Lindbæk, Morten & Waal, Helge (2010). Somatic Morbidity Increases After Termination of Opioid Maintenance Treatment.
• Hjerkinn, Bjørg; Rosvold, Elin Olaug & Lindbæk, Morten (2009). Neonatal findings among children of substance abusing women attending a Special Child Welfare Clinic in Norway.

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