Siste publikasjoner fra Medisinsk fakultet

• Johansen, Anna Torp; Reneflot, Anne; Hem, Erlend; Aakhus, Eivind; Øien-Ødegaard, Carine & Stene-Larsen, Kim [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2027). Mental healthcare contact and diagnoses prior to suicide among older adults in Norway: A register-based nested case–control study. Journal of Affective Disorders. ISSN 0165-0327. 417, s. 122637–122637. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2026.122637. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background: Suicide is a global public health concern, with the highest rates among older males in most countries. Access to mental healthcare is central to suicide prevention. This study examined mental healthcare contact among older adults who died by suicide compared with controls from the general population. Methods: Using Norwegian national health and administrative registries, we conducted a nested case-control study of individuals aged 60 and older who died by suicide between 2009 and 2021. Cases were matched on age and sex to controls from the general population. Mental healthcare contact and sociodemographic characteristics were described for cases and controls, and mental health diagnosis of cases in contact with mental healthcare services. Results: A substantial proportion of older adults who died by suicide (N = 2002) had prior mental healthcare contact. Specialized mental healthcare contact decreased with age and was more common among females than males (60-69: 50% vs. 38%; 70-79: 42% vs. 22%; 80+: 33% vs. 13%). Primary mental healthcare contact showed small sex differences and remained relatively stable (24-30%) across age. Depression or depressive symptoms were common among cases in both specialized (35%) and primary care (36%). Among those without mental health contact, cases more often were males, never married, and living alone than controls. Conclusion: Older adults who died by suicide received care across multiple healthcare levels and were often diagnosed with depressive symptoms, highlighting the need for prevention and treatment across mental healthcare settings. Improving prevention strategies, particularly among older males, may strengthen suicide prevention in later life.

• Hughes, Carla Louise & Qin, Ping (2027). Suicide risk in relation to socioeconomic and occupational disadvantage in middle- and old-aged men – A national register-based study. Journal of Affective Disorders. ISSN 0165-0327. 416, s. 122564–122564. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2026.122564. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Nordenfelt, Lennart & Hofmann, Bjørn Morten (2027). Dignity. I Nesi, Hilary & Milin, Petar (Red.), Reference Module in Social Sciences. Elsevier. ISSN 9780443157851. s. 1–7. doi: 10.1016/b978-0-443-15715-8.00018-2. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Kvarstein, Elfrida Hartveit; Langjord, Tuva; Bovim, Tone Helene; Christensen, Tore Buer; Eikenæs, Ingeborg Helene Ulltveit-Moe & Hove, Oddbjørn [Vis alle 15 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Possible drivers of self-harm severity - relative contributions of post-traumatic stress and levels of personality functioning – results from the Extreme Challenges project. Frontiers in Psychiatry. 17, s. 1–14. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1911977.
• Fosstveit, Sindre Herskedal; Western, Benedikte; Rooij, Belle H. de; Ezendam, Nicole P.M.; Berntsen, Sveinung & Demmelmaier, Ingrid [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Self-management dimensions associated with physical activity participation among gynecological cancer survivors: a cross-sectional study from the international InCHARGE consortium. BMC Women's Health. 26. doi: 10.1186/s12905-026-04722-6. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background Physical activity (PA) participation is associated with improved outcomes among gynecological cancer survivors and can serve as an effective component of self-management. However, little is known about which self-management dimensions best support PA participation in gynecological cancer survivors. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess associations between different self-management dimensions and self-reported PA participation among gynecological cancer survivors. Methods The analyses were conducted as part of the InCHARGE study, a multicenter, cross-sectional study of gynecological cancer survivors (n = 1433) in the Netherlands, Norway, and Denmark. Associations between seven self-management scales from the Health Education Impact Questionnaire (HeiQ) version 3 and PA as measured by the HeiQ Health Directed Activity scale were assessed. Unstandardized regression coefficients from the models adjusted for participant characteristics were reported. Results Across endometrial, ovarian, and cervical cancer survivors, Positive and Active Engagement in Life (β = 0.66, 0.70, 0.74, respectively) and Self-Monitoring and Insight (β = 0.73, 0.61, 0.66, respectively) were associated with PA participation (p < 0.001). Conclusions The present study findings indicate that self-management skills related to Positive and Active Engagement in Life and Self-Monitoring and Insight should be further assessed as intervention targets to improve PA levels in gynecological cancer survivors.

• Vukovic, Marta; Nordtveit, Siri; Skodvin, Brita; Nezvalova-Henriksen, Katerina; Blix, Hege Salvesen & Wathne, Jannicke Slettli [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Gentamicin and antibiotic use in Norwegian hospitals: a study from 35 point-prevalence surveys, 2015 to 2023. Eurosurveillance. ISSN 1025-496X. 31(42). doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2026.31.42.2500969.
• Harvey, Joshua; Imm, Jennifer; Kouhsar, Morteza; Smith, Adam R.; Creese, Byron & Smith, Rebecca G. [Vis alle 28 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Interrogating DNA methylation associated with Lewy body pathology in a cross brain-region and multi-cohort study. Nature Communications. 17(1). doi: 10.1038/s41467-026-77009-x. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Here, we conduct a large meta-analysis of DNA methylation across multiple cortical brain regions, in relation to increasing burden of Lewy body pathology. Utilizing a dataset of 1205 samples (832 unique donors), we identify 24 false discovery rate significant differentially methylated loci associated with Lewy body pathology, with loci located in UBASH3B and PTAFR, and an intergenic locus passing the genome-wide significance threshold. Ontological enrichment analysis highlights several neurologically relevant traits, including synaptic alterations. We compare methylation signatures between neurodegenerative pathologies and highlight a shared epigenetic profile across Lewy body, Alzheimer’s and Huntington’s diseases, although the top-ranked loci show disease specificity. Utilizing summary statistics from large-scale genome-wide association studies, we identify significant enrichment of DNA methylation differences with respect to increasing Lewy body pathology in the SNCA genomic region. We also identify specific relationships between genetic risk variants for Lewy body dementia and Parkinson’s disease to methylation quantitative trait loci in the SNCA 5’ region and expression of alternative transcript isoforms.

• Bruno, Jolie; Xuejuan, Jin; Xu, Yamei; Basile, Christian; Berge, Kristian & Ambrosy, Andrew P. [Vis alle 19 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Short-term survival of dual SGLT2i-MRA and four-class guideline-directed medical therapy in acute heart failure. European Journal of Heart Failure. ISSN 1388-9842. 28(4), s. 738–749. doi: 10.1093/ejhf/xuag218.
• Fossmo, Hanne Ludt; Robinson, Hilde Stendal; Bjåstad, Karianne Grûner; Varhaug, Kristin Nielsen; Frich, Jan C & Ørstavik, Kristin (2026). Muscle Strength and Outcome Measures for Upper Limb Function in Adults With Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1: A Cross-Sectional Study. European Journal of Neurology. ISSN 1351-5101. 33(11). doi: 10.1111/ene.70799. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background: Myotonic dystrophy Type 1 (DM1) is a multisystem neuromuscular disorder with progressive distal and proximal weakness, including in the upper limbs. Limited research has been conducted on hand function and outcome measures. Methods: Eighty nine adult DM1 participants were included in this cross-sectional study. The study describes upper limb strength and function and examines associations between motor impairments and clinical outcome measures, including comparing strength measurement methods. Disease severity was classified with the muscular impairment rating scale (MIRS) and the Brooke upper extremity scale was used as a classification scale of upper limb function. Muscle strength was measured using handheld dynamometers, and fine motor function with the Nine-Hole Peg Test and Nut and Bolt task. Upper limb function was rated with the Revised Upper Limb Module and global motor function with the Motor Function Measure 32. Patient-reported outcome measures included ABILHAND-NMD, ACTIVLIM, and the Myotonia behavior scale. Results: Participants showed a wide spectrum of motor impairment from minimal distal to severe proximal weakness. Strength measures correlated significantly with functional tests, while PROMs reflected perceived limitations but showed ceiling effects. Disease duration correlated with muscle strength and upper limb function, while age and subtype were less important. Myotonia severity showed only weak correlation with functional outcomes. Conclusion: No single measure fully captures upper limb function in DM1. A combination of strength testing, dexterity tasks, and PROMs provides a multidimensional assessment framework. Muscle strength assessment remains essential, and these findings support integrating multiple standardized measures for clinical trial endpoints and therapeutic evaluation in DM1.

• Sailer, Uta; Abra, Yasemin; Sun, Wenhan & Fairhurst, Merle Theresa (2026). Disentangling Touch Aversion: A Systematic Investigation of Measurement Approaches, Behavioural Correlates, and Underlying Individual Differences. Journal of nonverbal behavior. ISSN 0191-5886. doi: 10.1007/s10919-026-00526-2. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Abstract Touch aversion and touch avoidance—negative attitudes toward and behavioural avoidance of physical contact—vary considerably across individuals and relationship contexts. However, the factors underlying these differences remain poorly understood. This observational study systematically investigated the relationships between different measures of touch aversion, their behavioural manifestations, and associated individual traits. We examined touch aversion using multiple questionnaires (Touch Avoidance Questionnaire, Social Touch Questionnaire, and a novel Receptivity measure), alongside behavioural measures of touchability (body accessibility) and discomfort distance preferences. Individual difference measures included autistic traits, sensory sensitivity, threat sensitivity, and attachment style. Results revealed both convergent validity and distinctions between touch aversion measures. Whereas most measures showed intercorrelations, partner-specific touch aversion represented a distinct dimension. Contrary to expectations, discomfort distance preferences were unrelated to touch aversion measures. However, touchability showed meaningful associations with touch attitudes, with relationship-specific patterns. Partner touch aversion was more strongly related to touchability with loved ones, whereas stranger touch aversion was more strongly related to touchability with strangers. Among the individual traits, sensory sensitivity was related to partner touch aversion, and threat sensitivity was related to both stranger touch aversion and general negative attitudes toward touch. In addition, sensory sensitivity mediated the relationship between threat sensitivity and stranger touch aversion, suggesting these psychological processes work together rather than independently. These findings highlight the importance of considering relationship context when studying touch preferences and suggest that threat-related processing may be a key factor in individual differences in touch aversion.

• Pettersen, Johanne Hagen; Barker, Mary M; Christoffersen, Lea Arregui Nordahl; Johnson, Sverre Urnes; Kõiv, Kadri & Magnusdottir, Ingibjörg [Vis alle 44 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Cohort Profile Update: COVIDMENT: COVID-19 cohorts on mental health across six nations. International Journal of Epidemiology. ISSN 0300-5771. 55(6). doi: 10.1093/ije/dyag233. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Svendsen, Karianne; Nes, Lise Solberg; Leithe, Sigrid; Meland, Anders; Gjelsvik, Ylva Maria & Børøsund, Elin [Vis alle 16 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Effects of digital stress-management interventions in breast cancer patients 18 months after intervention access. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment. ISSN 0167-6806. 220. doi: 10.1007/s10549-026-08117-x. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv

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• Nilsen, Dennis WT; Fuente, Ricardo Leon de la; Aarsetøy, Reidun; Næsgaard, Patrycja Anna; Ashur, S Dib & Andersen, Trygve Brugger [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Risk of all-cause mortality and transcontinental differences in angiopoietin-like 4 protein and lipids in patients admitted with chest pain of suspected coronary origin. European Heart Journal. ISSN 0195-668X. 47(Supplement_1). doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehag785.3207. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Abstract Background The prognostic utility of angiopoietin-like 4 protein (ANGPTL4) has previously been explored [1). ANGPTL4 plays a key role in lipid and glucose metabolism. It inhibits lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and is positively related to increased triglyceride (TG) levels and risk of cardiovascular death. Sharing the same protocol, two consecutive, prospective studies of propensity matched patients admitted with chest pain of suspected coronary origin were performed in Norway (NOR) and Argentina (ARG), respectively. We investigated mortality and circulating levels of ANGPTL4, total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in each population, as well as the prognostic utility of ANGPTL4 in the combined population. Aims To evaluate the prognostic utility of ANGPT4 in two populations with significant differences in lipid risk profile. Methods There were 507 eligible patients in each population after propensity matching with respect to age, sex and statins, Stepwise Cox regression models, applying normalized continuous log values, were fitted for ANGPTL4 with 5 years' all-cause mortality as the dependent variable. The median value and Kruskal-Wallis test was applied for country comparisons of biomarker levels. Spearman Correlation Coefficient (r) was employed for analysis of correlations. Results Five-year mortality rates were similar across the two populations; ARG 20.1% and NOR 22.7%, p=0.32. ANGPTL4 levels were collectively available in 992 patients (ARG=504, NOR=488), of whom 212 (21.4%) had died. ANGPTL4 was independently associated with risk in both populations [ARG: HR 1.65 (95%CI 1.35-2.01), p&lt;0.001] and [NOR: HR 1.30 (95%CI 1.07-1.57), p=0.008]. These HR do not not differ significantly (Z=1.68; p=0.093). In the combined population, ANGPTL4 yielded an HR (95%CI) for all-cause mortality of 1.87 (1.67-2.10) in the univariate and 1.43 (1.23-1.67) in the adjusted analysis. ANGPTL4 was significantly higher in the ARG as compared to the NOR population (3.74 vs. 2.89 ng/mL, p&lt;0.0001), as was TG (1.60 vs. 1.30 mmol/L, p&lt;0.0001, whereas the opposite was noted for the other lipid fractions (TC 4.60 vs. 5.50 mmol/L, HDL-C 1.00 vs. 1.30 mmol/L, LDL-C 2.67 vs. 3.46 mmol/L (each p&lt;0.0001). Conclusion ANGPTL4 is independently and positively associated with total mortality in patients with chestpain of suspected coronary origin, but the weight of risk did not differ significantly between the Argentinian and the Norwegian population, despite significant differences in lipid fractions.

• Alfonso, Jose Hernan (2026). Mot bedre risikovurdering av hudsensibiliserende kjemikalier. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Alfonso, Jose Hernan (2026). Challenges and opportunities for the prevention of Allergic Contact Dermatitis: SKINSENREG & SKINSENMIX. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Nilsen, Dennis WT; Fuente, Ricardo Leon de la; Næsgaard, Patrycja Anna; Aarsetøy, Reidun; Gallo, P & Andersen, Trygve Brugger [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Angiopoietin like 4 (ANGPTL4) protein challenges brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) as a prognostic biomarker in patients admitted with chest pain of suspected coronary origin. European Heart Journal. ISSN 0195-668X. 47(Supplement_1). doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehag785.1850. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Abstract Background BNP is predominantly synthesized in the ventricular myocardium and is released into the circulation in response to ventricular distention in heart failure and secondary to ventricular dysfunction in an acute coronary syndrome (ACS). ANGPTL4 is an important modulator of lipid metabolism and is involved in the regulation of vascular integrity and angiogenesis. Elevated levels of both biomarkers play a pivotal role in cardiovascular disease and serve as prognostic indicators of ACS and heart failure. Their prognostic significance has previously been explored [1]. Aims To assess the prognostic weighting in ACS of ANGPTL4 and BNP in a crosscontinental setting. Methods Patients admitted with chest pain of suspected coronary origin were recruited in Norway and Argentina, applying similar protocols, and matched by propensity scoring according to age, sex and use of statins, yielding 507 subjects in each group. A Cox regression model, adjusting for traditional cardiovascular risk factors, was fitted for standardized logANGPTL4 and logBNP, respectively, with all-cause mortality within 5 years as the dependent variable. Multivariable analysis was performed for the assessment of the hazard ratio (HR) 95% confidence interval (95%CI). Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) for calculation of Area Under Curve (AUC) (95%CI) was performed in the combined populations for evaluation of crosscontinental biomarker utility. Results There was no significant difference in death rates at 5 years follow-up in the Argentinian (20.1%) and Norwegian (22.7%) cohort of patients, p=0.32. In the multivariable adjusted analysis, ANGPTL4 was independently associated with all-cause mortality in each cohort: [HR 1.65 (95%CI 1.35-2.01), p&lt;0.001] and [HR 1.30 (95%CI 1.07-1.57), p=0.008], respectively. The corresponding results for BNP were: [HR 1.61 (95%CI 1.28-2.04), p&lt;0.001] and [HR 1.65 (95%CI 1.29-2.10), p&lt;0.001]. AUC for ANGPTL4 in both populations combined was 0.718 (95%CI 0.680-0.756) and for BNP 0.730 (95%CI 0.691-0.769). Conclusion In the Argentinian cohort, ANGPTL4 carries the same risk for 5-years’ mortality as BNP does in the Norwegian cohort (Z=0.004; p= 0.997). In the combined population, BNP performs better than ANGPTL4 as judged by the AUC in the ROC analysis.

• Alfonso, Jose Hernan (2026). Melanom: fra kjente risikofaktorer til persontilpasset risikovurdering. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Khalil, Youssef Samir Abouzeid Mohamed; Vesterbekkmo, Elisabeth Kleivhaug; Holven, Kirsten Bjørklund; Dalen, Håvard; Retterstøl, Kjetil & Blom, Sigrid Marie [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Excess atherosclerotic cardiovascular burden associated with elevated lipoprotein(a) across age, sex, and cardiometabolic risk factors: insights from 16-year follow-up of the HUNT Study. European Heart Journal. ISSN 0195-668X. 47(Supplement_1). doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehag785.3363. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Abstract Background Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a causal risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), but prevention strategies should be guided by where the absolute excess burden of events is greatest. Purpose To test additive interaction between elevated Lp(a) and other ASCVD risk factors, and to estimate absolute excess ASCVD hazard associated with elevated Lp(a) across cardiometabolic profiles at different ages. Methods We included 19 495 adults without ASCVD at baseline from the Trøndelag Health Study (2006–08) and followed them for up to 16 years for first ASCVD event. Lp(a) was dichotomised as &gt;105 versus ≤105 nmol/L, and pre-specified risk factors were classified into higher and lower-risk strata. Multivariable cause-specific Cox models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and to evaluate additive interaction using the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI). Sex-specific marginal hazards and hazard rate differences (HRDs) of ASCVD per 1000 person-years were estimated at age 60 across cardiometabolic markers. Sensitivity analyses used Lp(a) ≥96th versus 1–74th percentiles. Results HRs were generally highest when elevated Lp(a) coexisted with the higher-risk stratum of the risk factor. Additive interaction was observed for older age (RERI 0.60; 95% CI: 0.10–1.10) and male sex (RERI 0.63; 95% CI: 0.27–0.99). Using ≥96th versus 1–74th percentiles, smoking also showed additive interaction (RERI 0.57; 95% CI: 0.05–1.08). RERI estimates for remaining risk factors were small. At age 60, hazard rates of ASCVD were higher for elevated versus low Lp(a) across all risk factors and were generally larger in men. Across mean systolic blood pressure, the excess burden associated with elevated Lp(a) increased with higher levels in men, reaching 7.88 additional events per 1000 person-years at 180 mmHg (95% CI: -1.38–17.14), whereas women showed a smaller increase (HRD 3.89; 95% CI: -0.74–8.53). Across triglycerides-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG:HDL-C) ratio, the excess burden in men peaked around a TG:HDL-C ratio of ~1.4, reaching 7.41 additional events per 1000 person-years (95% CI: 4.42–10.41), while in women the HRDs were relatively constant. In contrast, HRDs varied little across other risk factors, including C-reactive protein, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Similar patterns were observed at older ages. Conclusions Elevated Lp(a) shows clinically relevant additive interaction with age and sex, while interaction with most other cardiometabolic risk factors appears limited. Nevertheless, absolute excess ASCVD burden varies across selected cardiometabolic profiles and is consistently greater in men. These findings support a clear communication of the absolute excess burden associated with elevated Lp(a) and may help inform the most relevant target groups for future Lp(a)-lowering therapies. Larger cohorts are needed to confirm these findings.

• Lie, Anne Kveim (2026). Mandag - Studio 2 - NRK Radio. [Radio]. NRK P2. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

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• Enriquez, Brian Anthony & Aamodt, Anne Hege (2026). Beyond Vessel Occlusion: Biological Vulnerability and Procedural Determinants of Outcome in Expanded Endovascular Thrombectomy Indications. Universitetet i Oslo. ISSN 9788234809248. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is standard care for acute ischemic stroke caused by proximal large vessel occlusion, but many patients seen in clinical practice were underrepresented in the pivotal trials. This thesis examines functional outcome, safety and prognostic determinants after EVT in tandem occlusions, medium vessel occlusions, patients aged 80 years or older, and stroke with large infarct stroke It is based on three observational studies from the OSCAR registry and a secondary analysis of the randomized TENSION trial. EVT could be performed with acceptable safety, and many patients achieved favourable functional outcomes. In patients with large infarcts, functional outcomes after EVT did not differ significantly between women and men. Several factors beyond the occlusion itself were associated with outcome, including the number of thrombectomy passes, baseline tissue condition, premorbid function and patient vulnerability. These findings suggest that individualized assessment of such factors may be important alongside confirming the target occlusion.

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