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Siste publikasjoner fra Medisinsk fakultet
De siste 20 vitenskapelige publikasjonene fra Medisinsk fakultet som er registrert i Cristin (Current Research Information System in Norway).
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Hussaini, Parwana; Larsen, Trine-Lise; Ghanima, Waleed & Dahm, Anders Erik Astrup
(2026).
Clinical significance of symptomatic and incidental venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer treated with apixaban.
Research and Practice in Thrombosis and Haemostasis (RPTH).
10(7).
doi:
10.1016/j.rpth.2026.106968.
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Edholm, David; Kauppila, Joonas H.; Achiam, Michael P.; Kempf, Oliver Nørholm; Hauge, Tobias & Lindblad, Mats
[Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2026).
Incidence of lymph node metastases in pT1 chemo- and radiotherapy-naïve esophageal and gastric cancer in the Nordic countries: a retrospective multinational cohort analysis.
Diseases of the esophagus.
ISSN 1120-8694.
39(5),
s. 1–9.
doi:
10.1093/dote/doag105.
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Gjesdal, Kine; Skurtveit, Svetlana Ondrasova; Djuv, Ane; Paulsen, Aksel; Rolová, Gabriela & Sevild, Cille
[Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2026).
Changes in health literacy following participation in a multidisciplinary primary care intervention for people with chronic pain: a longitudinal cohort study.
Scandinavian Journal of Pain.
ISSN 1877-8860.
26(1).
doi:
10.1515/sjpain-2026-0034.
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Abstract Background Chronic pain is a global public health issue, severely affecting quality of life, functional capacity, and healthcare resources. Effective management requires adequate health literacy, yet limited health literacy is associated with greater pain burden and poorer outcomes. This underlines the need for interventions that can strengthen patients’ health literacy skills. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate longitudinal changes in health literacy following participation in a multidisciplinary primary care pain management intervention. Methods This longitudinal study reports health literacy outcomes from a multidisciplinary, personalized pain management intervention that was developed in accordance with the Medical Research Council framework. Forty-three participants with chronic non-cancer pain completed the full intervention. Health literacy was measured using the Norwegian version of the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ) at baseline, midpoint, and post-intervention. Changes over time were analyzed using paired-sample t-tests. Results Statistically significant improvements were observed in five HLQ domains from baseline to midpoint and in eight domains from baseline to post-intervention. “Having sufficient information to manage my health” showed the largest increase among Domains 1–5, whereas “Navigating the healthcare system” showed the largest increase among Domains 6–9 and improved significantly across all time-point comparisons. Conclusion Participants demonstrated improvements in several dimensions of health literacy during participation in the intervention, particularly in domains related to having sufficient information to manage health and active self-management. These findings support further investigation of tailored, multidisciplinary approaches to strengthening health literacy among people with chronic pain. Trial registration NCT05828121 Date: 04-25-2023.
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Bukten, Anne; Mehlum, Lars; Fazel, Seena; Lokdam, Nicoline Toresen; Tverborgvik, Torill & Skurtveit, Svetlana Ondrasova
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(2026).
Sociodemographic, Criminological and Clinical Determinants in Suicide After Release From Prison: A 23‐Year National Cohort Study.
Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica.
ISSN 0001-690X.
doi:
10.1111/acps.70148.
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ABSTRACT Background Suicide risk is elevated after prison release, but population‐level evidence on temporal risk patterns and associated factors remains limited. We aimed to describe characteristics of individuals who die by suicide after release from Norwegian prisons, compare their suicide mortality with the general population, and examine risk factors over time. Material and Methods Data from the Norwegian Prison Release Study (nPRIS), including all people in prison in Norway (2000–2022), were linked to the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry, the Norwegian Prison Registry, the Norwegian Patient Registry, and Statistics Norway. We calculated crude mortality rates (CMR) per 100,000 person‐years, standardized mortality ratios (SMR), annual age‐standardized years of life lost rate (ASYR), and Cox proportional hazards models. Results From 2000 to 2022, 1183 suicides (9.1% of all deaths; CMR 81; 95% CI 76–85) occurred after release (90% male). The SMR was higher in women (SMR 8.64; 95% CI 7.17–10.34) than men (SMR 3.98; 95% CI 3.76–4.22). In multivariable models (2009–2022; n = 57,034; 516 suicides), strong independent associations with suicide 6 months post‐release included self‐harm (adjusted HR [aHR] 4.76; 95% CI 2.60–8.72), severe mental illness (aHR 1.95; 95% CI 1.16–3.27), release from high‐security prisons (aHR 1.93; 95% CI 1.12–3.33), and pretrial detention (aHR 1.82; 95% CI 1.06–3.13). Conclusions Suicide risk is substantially and persistently elevated relative to the general population, peaks immediately after release, and is concentrated among people with prior self‐harm, severe mental illness, and those released from high‐security settings.
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Bains, Sukhjeet Kaur; Tellum, Tina; Abebe, Dawit Shawel; Michelsen, Trond Melbye & Sørbye, Ingvil Krarup
(2026).
Influence of migration status on hysterectomy surgical approach and indications for benign conditions—a nationwide cohort register study.
European Journal of Public Health.
ISSN 1101-1262.
36(5),
s. 1–10.
doi:
10.1093/eurpub/ckag176.
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Ludvigsen, Lene Ugilt Pagter; Thomsen, Marianne Kragh; Kro, Grete Anette Birkeland; Pedersen, Rune Micha; Gramkow, Ann Maria & Åsberg, Anders
[Vis alle 16 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2026).
Epstein-Barr virus infection monitoring in kidney transplant recipients (EVITA study)—investigating the clinical significance of EBV-DNAemia and the risk of early-onset PTLD.
American Journal of Transplantation.
ISSN 1600-6135.
s. 1–15.
doi:
10.1016/j.ajt.2026.07.012.
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Getz, Vilde; Pleym, Karin; Dammen, Toril; Husebye, Einar; Sverre, Elise Christine Bjørkholen & Peersen, Kari
[Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2026).
Patient and healthcare system factors associated with
participation in municipal smoking cessation programs after
hospitalization for atherosclerotic vascular disease in Norway:
A prespecified analysis of two randomized controlled trials.
Tobacco Prevention & Cessation.
12(61),
s. 1–13.
doi:
10.18332/tpc/236282.
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Introduction: Persistent smoking after hospitalization for an atherosclerotic
vascular event remains common, and only a small proportion attend
cardiac rehabilitation or community-based lifestyle support, including smoking
cessation programs. This study aimed to identify patient and healthcare...
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Sterri, Njål Herman E.; Lockertsen, Øyvind; Husum, Tonje Lossius; Lockertsen, Veronica; Siqveland, Johan & Senneseth, Mette
(2026).
Antecedents to episodes involving aggression and coercion in in-patient mental health settings: scoping review.
BJPsych Open.
12(6),
s. 1–12.
doi:
10.1192/bjo.2026.12123.
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Background Preventing episodes involving aggression and reducing coercive measures are important goals in in-patient mental health settings. Antecedents may provide insight into how episodes are described to develop. However, most studies reflect staff perspectives, and often describe and temporally specify antecedents inconsistently. Aims This scoping review mapped reported antecedents to episodes involving aggression and episodes involving coercive measures, and identified which appeared shared or specific to either phenomenon. Method This review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews guidance, and included 39 studies from systematic searches across Ovid Medline, APA PsycINFO and Scopus. Reported antecedents were extracted, standardised and mapped to six analytical domains. Results The review mapped 240 antecedents, many of which appeared shared across the phenomena. Patient studies emphasised experiences of restrictive care, loss of autonomy and poor interaction quality. Staff studies emphasised immediate, observable situations related to risk management, such as patient aggression, denied requests and interpersonal conflict. Most studies did not specify the temporal boundaries of antecedents. Conclusions The perspectives represented in studies and the ways antecedents are conceptualised influence which antecedents become visible in the literature. Overlapping antecedents indicate that episodes involving aggression and episodes involving coercive measures are often described as part of the same escalation process, although patient and staff studies seem to highlight different stages. Prevention efforts therefore require attention to the entire trajectory, and to the point at which staff perceive intervention as necessary. Future studies should incorporate both perspectives, prioritise patient involvement, and more clearly define and temporally specify antecedents.
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Moorey, Hannah; Botfield, Hannah F; Krogseth, Maria; Selbæk, Geir; Wilson, Daisy & Wyller, Torgeir Bruun
[Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2026).
CCL2 and CXCL2 are markers of delirium vulnerability in community dwelling older people.
Age and Ageing.
ISSN 0002-0729.
55(9).
doi:
10.1093/ageing/afag290.
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Abstract Background Delirium is common and age, frailty and dementia are risk-factors. The pathophysiology is complex and poorly understood, but age-related immune system changes may be key. This study aimed to measure markers of immune cell migration, accelerated immune ageing and blood–brain barrier permeability in community-dwelling, older people comparing those who developed ≥1 episode of delirium over 2 years with those that did not. Methods Baseline samples were collected from CASCADE participants who were followed up for 2 years. Delirium screening was performed weekly; positive screens or hospital admission triggered a delirium assessment. Serum was isolated, stored and analysed using a multiplex panel comparing levels between participants with and without delirium episodes. Results About 98 participants were included. Median age was 88 (IQR: 81.8–92.0), with 90.8% classified as frail. Forty-three participants (43.9%) experienced ≥1 delirium episodes. CCL2 (MCP-1) and CXCL2 (MIP-2α), measured in a stable state at baseline, were significantly higher in the delirium group compared to the no delirium group (13.38 (11.21–17.93) vs. 10.83 (9.03–14.64) P = .004) and (17.23 (11.80–24.22) vs. 13.49 (10.19–17.98) P = .031), respectively. When stratified by dementia status, the associations of CCL2 with delirium were maintained in both groups, but CXCL2 was only significantly higher in delirium in the subgroup without dementia. Discussion CCL2 and CXCL2 are chemokines involved in immune cell recruitment and markers of accelerated immune ageing. Future work should elucidate the role of immune cell recruitment and brain infiltration in delirium, to identify treatment targets. Furthermore, work should explore whether targeting immune ageing can reduce delirium risk.
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Bergquist, Annika; Seth, Erik von; Karlsen, Tom Hemming; Tanaka, Atsushi & Ponsioen, Cyriel
(2026).
Advances in primary sclerosing cholangitis care – Authors' reply.
The Lancet.
ISSN 0140-6736.
408(10562),
s. 1311–1312.
doi:
10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01802-7.
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Andersen, Ina Lervåg; Ness-Jensen, Eivind & Lundin, Knut
(2026).
Prevalence and screening of coeliac disease. A prospective population-based cohort study: The HUNT study.
NTNU Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet.
ISSN 9788235304445.
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Forekomst og screening av cøliaki
Cøliaki er en kronisk immunmediert sykdom med dannelse av antistoffer mot enzymet transglutaminase. Når gluten fra matvarer inntas, kan dette gi en kronisk betennelse i slimhinnen i tolvfingertarmen. Tilstanden kan gi symptomer fra mage-tarm kanalen slik som oppblåsthet og løs avføring, men kan også gi symptomer fra andre organsystemer. Betennelsen kan medføre dårlig opptak av næringsstoffer fra tarmen, noe som kan føre til mangel på blant annet jern og vitaminer. Ubehandlet kan cøliaki hos enkelte individer gi økt risiko for en rekke tilstander, blant annet kreft.
Cøliaki har høy forekomst i hele verden, men spesielt i Nord-Europa, og det er en høy andel av udiagnostiserte pasienter. Forekomsten ser ut til å være økende.
Diagnosen cøliaki hos voksne stilles baserte på nivået av antistoffer mot transglutaminase i blodprøver og funn på vevsprøver tatt ved gastroskopi fra tolvfingertarmen. Hos barn kan diagnosen stilles uten gastroskopi dersom antistoffnivået er høyt nok i to prøver (over 10 ganger øvre normalområde). De nye europeiske retningslinjene for cøliaki for voksne åpner nå opp for at man kan stille diagnosen uten vevsprøver også hos voksne under 45 år, gitt visse kriterier.
I denne studien ønsket vi å finne den den totale forekomsten av cøliaki i en generell norsk befolkning, både de med kjent cøliaki og de udiagnostiserte. Videre ønsket vi å undersøke hvor gode antistoffene mot transglutaminase er til å diagnostisere cøliaki gjennom blodprøvescreening av den generelle befolkningen. Til slutt ønsket vi å undersøke hvilke tilleggsfunn som ble gjort ved den diagnostiske gastroskopien, for å avklare tilleggsnytten av å påvise andre klinisk relevante funn.
I den fjerde Helseundersøkelsen i Nord-Trøndelag (HUNT4) ble 54505 voksne over 20 år screenet for cøliaki med blodprøve og en kombinert antistofftest mot transglutaminase IgA og IgG. Alle deltagerne med positiv blodprøve ble invitert til videre undersøkelser med blant annet nye blodprøver og gastroskopi med biopsier i tolvfingertarmen for å bekrefte diagnosen og registrere tilleggsfunn ved gastroskopi. Den totale forekomsten av cøliaki i befolkningen ble undersøkt ved å registrere deltagerne hvor det ble påvist cøliaki gjennom HUNT4, samt gjennom å finne de deltagerne med allerede kjent cøliaki med hjelp av registersøk.
Av alle 54505 HUNT4-deltagerne med tilgjengelig blodprøve hadde 2% (1107/54505) positive antistoff mot transglutaminase. Blant disse fikk 470 deltagere bekreftet diagnosen i vevsprøvene. I tillegg hadde 383 deltakere en kjent cøliaki-diagnose. Den totale forekomsten av cøliaki bekreftet med vevsprøver var 1,5 % (853/56042) og forholdet mellom nye, tidligere udiagnostiserte cøliakere (etter HUNT4) mot kjente, tidligere diagnostiserte cøliakere var 1,2:1 (470/383).
Positiv prediktiv verdi er sannsynligheten for at en person med positivt testresultat har sykdommen som det ble testet for [1]. Positiv prediktiv verdi for cøliaki bekreftet med vevsprøver ved positiv transglutaminase IgA var 73,3 %. Positiv prediktiv verdi ved 10 ganger øvre normalområde (som ved diagnostisering av barn) var 88,1 %. Positiv prediktiv verdi ved positiv transglutaminase IgG var derimot kun 5,8 %, og ved 10 ganger øvre normal 9,5 % for cøliaki bekreftet med vevsprøver.
Rundt 30 % av deltagerne hadde minst ett endoskopisk tilleggsfunn. Kun to deltagere hadde forstadier til kreftsykdom (Barretts øsofagus, magesår eller adenomer), men dette ble bare funnet hos deltagere over 60 år. Risikoen for tilleggsfunn økte med økende alder, var høyere blant menn og hos deltagere som brukte betennelsesdempende eller syrehemmende medikamenter.
Studien bekrefter at cøliaki har høy forekomst og at mange har diagnosen uten å vite det. Antistoff mot transglutaminase IgA hadde høy positiv prediktiv verdi og fungerte godt som et screeningverktøy for cøliaki i en generell befolkning. Risikoen for å overse kliniske relevante endoskopiske tilleggsfunn er lav hos voksne under 60 år. Disse funnene støtter en diagnostisk tilnærming for cøliaki uten gastroskopi hos yngre voksne.
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Abusdal, Merisa & Berg, Jens Petter
(2026).
Corticotroph pituitary adenoma: hormone production and invasiveness features.
Universitetet i Oslo.
ISSN 9788234808937.
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Corticotroph tumors, a subtype of pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs). Functioning corticotroph adenomas (FCA) secrete excess biologically active adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), causing Cushing’s disease, whereas silent corticotroph adenomas (SCA) are typically diagnosed as non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) and present with mass-related symptoms. Despite their shared lineage, SCA tend to be larger, more aggressive, and more prone to recurrence. Their hormonal silence remains poorly understood, but may involve impaired proopiomelanocortin (POMC) processing, defective secretory pathways, and reduced activity of the prohormone convertase PC1/3 (PCSK1).
This PhD project investigated factors that may contribute to hormonal silence and aggressiveness in corticotroph tumors, focusing on the PC1/3 inhibitor PCSK1N, the cytoskeletal regulator PDZ and LIM domain protein 1 (PDLIM1), and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. We quantified PCSK1N and corticotroph marker expression in patient-derived FCA and SCA samples and assessed associations with clinical features. We induced ER stress in mouse corticotroph tumor cells and primary human FCA cultures to examine its effects on cell survival and ACTH production. Lastly, PDLIM1 was overexpressed in mouse corticotroph tumor cells to assess its effects on cell viability, migration, and morphology related to invasive behavior.
We found that corticotroph cells rely on effective ER function for ACTH production and secretion. ER stress increased PCSK1N expression and reduced secreted ACTH, suggesting a potential mechanism contributing to hormonal silence in SCA. PDLIM1 expression was higher in SCA than in FCA, and its overexpression promoted cell viability and migration in vitro, indicating a possible role in tumor aggressiveness. These findings highlight ER stress, PCSK1N, and PDLIM1 as potential contributors that influence hormonal silence and invasive behavior in corticotroph tumors.
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