Siste publikasjoner fra Medisinsk fakultet

• Johansen, Anna Torp; Reneflot, Anne; Hem, Erlend; Aakhus, Eivind; Øien-Ødegaard, Carine & Stene-Larsen, Kim [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2027). Mental healthcare contact and diagnoses prior to suicide among older adults in Norway: A register-based nested case–control study. Journal of Affective Disorders. ISSN 0165-0327. 417, s. 122637–122637. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2026.122637. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background: Suicide is a global public health concern, with the highest rates among older males in most countries. Access to mental healthcare is central to suicide prevention. This study examined mental healthcare contact among older adults who died by suicide compared with controls from the general population. Methods: Using Norwegian national health and administrative registries, we conducted a nested case-control study of individuals aged 60 and older who died by suicide between 2009 and 2021. Cases were matched on age and sex to controls from the general population. Mental healthcare contact and sociodemographic characteristics were described for cases and controls, and mental health diagnosis of cases in contact with mental healthcare services. Results: A substantial proportion of older adults who died by suicide (N = 2002) had prior mental healthcare contact. Specialized mental healthcare contact decreased with age and was more common among females than males (60-69: 50% vs. 38%; 70-79: 42% vs. 22%; 80+: 33% vs. 13%). Primary mental healthcare contact showed small sex differences and remained relatively stable (24-30%) across age. Depression or depressive symptoms were common among cases in both specialized (35%) and primary care (36%). Among those without mental health contact, cases more often were males, never married, and living alone than controls. Conclusion: Older adults who died by suicide received care across multiple healthcare levels and were often diagnosed with depressive symptoms, highlighting the need for prevention and treatment across mental healthcare settings. Improving prevention strategies, particularly among older males, may strengthen suicide prevention in later life.

• Hughes, Carla Louise & Qin, Ping (2027). Suicide risk in relation to socioeconomic and occupational disadvantage in middle- and old-aged men – A national register-based study. Journal of Affective Disorders. ISSN 0165-0327. 416, s. 122564–122564. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2026.122564. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Nordenfelt, Lennart & Hofmann, Bjørn Morten (2027). Dignity. I Nesi, Hilary & Milin, Petar (Red.), Reference Module in Social Sciences. Elsevier. ISSN 9780443157851. s. 1–7. doi: 10.1016/b978-0-443-15715-8.00018-2. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Vallesverd, Vibecke Ulvær; Berge, Linn Mari; Vederhus, John-Kåre; Gabrielsen, Karin Berle; Tønnessen, Vivi Haavik & Köpp, Unni Mette Stamnes (2026). Evaluation of healthcare personnel's competence and attitudes in child protection reporting: A nationwide survey of hospital employees in Norway. Child Protection and Practice. 11. doi: 10.1016/j.chipro.2026.100364. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Nordviste, Vegard; Lode, Ingunn; Tjelmeland, Ingvild Beathe Myrhaugen; Kramer-Johansen, Jo; Rehn, Marius & Brede, Jostein Rødseth (2026). Potential use of double sequential external defibrillation (DSED) in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest as initial strategy – a nationwide assessment. BMC Emergency Medicine. doi: 10.1186/s12873-026-01787-2. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Abstract Background Defibrillation is important for survival in patients with cardiac arrest and shockable arrhythmia, such as ventricular fibrillation and pulseless ventricular tachycardia. Multiple defibrillation attempts may be necessary to achieve return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), and each failed attempt prolongs time without ROSC. Methods to decrease the time to ROSC should be explored. Ongoing studies investigate early implementation of double sequential external defibrillation (DSED), but the potential effect of such strategies in the Norwegian cardiac arrest population remains unknown. This article investigates the number of patients that meet predefined criteria and represent a potential candidate population for future investigation of initial DSED in Norway. Methods This is a retrospective observational cohort study that includes adult patients (aged 18 and older) who experienced out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in Norway over an eight-year period, from 2016 to 2023. The potential candidate population for treatment with initial DSED was identified as patients who received two or more defibrillations during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Results Over the eight-year period, 7,280 patients were shocked during CPR. Of these, 4,591 (63%) patients, or 574 patients per year, received two or more defibrillation attempts. Within this group, 1,935 (42%) patients survived the event, and 1,282 (28%) patients survived to 30 days. Conclusion Each year, approximately 574 patients required two or more defibrillation attempts and may represent a potential candidate population for future investigation of treatment with initial DSED. These findings indicate a small patient population in investigation of DSED as an initial intervention in OHCA treatment in Norway alone.

• Kvarstein, Elfrida Hartveit; Langjord, Tuva; Bovim, Tone Helene; Christensen, Tore Buer; Eikenæs, Ingeborg Helene Ulltveit-Moe & Hove, Oddbjørn [Vis alle 15 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Possible drivers of self-harm severity - relative contributions of post-traumatic stress and levels of personality functioning – results from the Extreme Challenges project. Frontiers in Psychiatry. 17, s. 1–14. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1911977.
• Fosstveit, Sindre Herskedal; Western, Benedikte; Rooij, Belle H. de; Ezendam, Nicole P.M.; Berntsen, Sveinung & Demmelmaier, Ingrid [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Self-management dimensions associated with physical activity participation among gynecological cancer survivors: a cross-sectional study from the international InCHARGE consortium. BMC Women's Health. 26. doi: 10.1186/s12905-026-04722-6. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background Physical activity (PA) participation is associated with improved outcomes among gynecological cancer survivors and can serve as an effective component of self-management. However, little is known about which self-management dimensions best support PA participation in gynecological cancer survivors. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess associations between different self-management dimensions and self-reported PA participation among gynecological cancer survivors. Methods The analyses were conducted as part of the InCHARGE study, a multicenter, cross-sectional study of gynecological cancer survivors (n = 1433) in the Netherlands, Norway, and Denmark. Associations between seven self-management scales from the Health Education Impact Questionnaire (HeiQ) version 3 and PA as measured by the HeiQ Health Directed Activity scale were assessed. Unstandardized regression coefficients from the models adjusted for participant characteristics were reported. Results Across endometrial, ovarian, and cervical cancer survivors, Positive and Active Engagement in Life (β = 0.66, 0.70, 0.74, respectively) and Self-Monitoring and Insight (β = 0.73, 0.61, 0.66, respectively) were associated with PA participation (p < 0.001). Conclusions The present study findings indicate that self-management skills related to Positive and Active Engagement in Life and Self-Monitoring and Insight should be further assessed as intervention targets to improve PA levels in gynecological cancer survivors.

• Vukovic, Marta; Nordtveit, Siri; Skodvin, Brita; Nezvalova-Henriksen, Katerina; Blix, Hege Salvesen & Wathne, Jannicke Slettli [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Gentamicin and antibiotic use in Norwegian hospitals: a study from 35 point-prevalence surveys, 2015 to 2023. Eurosurveillance. ISSN 1025-496X. 31(42). doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2026.31.42.2500969.

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• Moen, Line Victoria; Holme, Andreas Næss; sallinen, mikael; Nilsen, Kristian Bernhard; Matre, Dagfinn & Haugen, Fred (2026). SLEEP TIMING IN ARCTIC SHIFT WORK: GREATER INFLUENCE OF SHIFT TYPE THAN SEASON. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Introduction Shift work disrupts sleep and circadian rhythms, with implications for safety and health. At high latitudes, extreme seasonal photoperiods have shown to alter sleep timing in day workers, but their impact on rotational shift workers is unclear. We examined how sleep timing, quality, and duration vary across consecutive morning shifts, free days, and night shifts in an Arctic industrial setting, and whether these sleep characteristics differ between seasons of near continuous daylight (midnight sun) and polar night. Methods In an observational crossover study, 111 rotational shift workers at a high-latitude industrial plant (71°N, Norway) were monitored at two seasonal time points: Apr-Jun and Oct-Dec. Work schedules in both seasons included seven consecutive morning shifts and seven consecutive night shifts, separated by four free days. Sleep was assessed daily in both periods for up to 25 days using a sleep diary and a smart ring. Linear mixed-effects models evaluated associations of shift type, season, chronotype, and consecutive workdays with sleep timing, duration, and quality, accounting for repeated measures. Results Sleep timing and duration varied markedly by shift type. Both morning and night shifts were associated with shorter sleep than free days, with the greatest reduction after morning shifts. The probability of short sleep (<6 h daily) was higher on both morning and night shifts compared with free days. Overall, season showed limited effects on sleep metrics; however, sleep onset and mid-sleep were delayed after the first morning shift during the dark season. Late chronotypes exhibited later midsleep timing on free days and after night shifts, longer sleep duration after night shifts, and a lower likelihood of short sleep following night work compared with earlier chronotypes. Conclusions In Arctic rotational shift work, schedule type predominantly determined sleep timing and duration, whereas the season exerted limited influence. Incorporating chronotype considerations and optimizing scheduling to reduce sleep loss, especially after morning shifts, may lower the likelihood of short sleep and support worker health and safety across seasons. Funding This work was supported by the Research Council of Norway grant number 326291/INNO under the Petromaks2 program.

• Haugaa, Kristina Ingrid Helena Hermann (2026). Mitral valve prolapse. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Haugaa, Kristina Ingrid Helena Hermann (2026). 2025 ESC Guidelines for the management of cardiovascular disease and pregnancy for symposium. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Haugaa, Kristina Ingrid Helena Hermann (2026). Hva arytmiseksjonen trenger å vite om genetikk. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Haugaa, Kristina Ingrid Helena Hermann (2026). Presentasjon av kardiologisk poliklinikk. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Nilsen, Dennis WT; Fuente, Ricardo Leon de la; Aarsetøy, Reidun; Næsgaard, Patrycja Anna; Ashur, S Dib & Andersen, Trygve Brugger [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Risk of all-cause mortality and transcontinental differences in angiopoietin-like 4 protein and lipids in patients admitted with chest pain of suspected coronary origin. European Heart Journal. ISSN 0195-668X. 47(Supplement_1). doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehag785.3207. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Abstract Background The prognostic utility of angiopoietin-like 4 protein (ANGPTL4) has previously been explored [1). ANGPTL4 plays a key role in lipid and glucose metabolism. It inhibits lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and is positively related to increased triglyceride (TG) levels and risk of cardiovascular death. Sharing the same protocol, two consecutive, prospective studies of propensity matched patients admitted with chest pain of suspected coronary origin were performed in Norway (NOR) and Argentina (ARG), respectively. We investigated mortality and circulating levels of ANGPTL4, total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in each population, as well as the prognostic utility of ANGPTL4 in the combined population. Aims To evaluate the prognostic utility of ANGPT4 in two populations with significant differences in lipid risk profile. Methods There were 507 eligible patients in each population after propensity matching with respect to age, sex and statins, Stepwise Cox regression models, applying normalized continuous log values, were fitted for ANGPTL4 with 5 years' all-cause mortality as the dependent variable. The median value and Kruskal-Wallis test was applied for country comparisons of biomarker levels. Spearman Correlation Coefficient (r) was employed for analysis of correlations. Results Five-year mortality rates were similar across the two populations; ARG 20.1% and NOR 22.7%, p=0.32. ANGPTL4 levels were collectively available in 992 patients (ARG=504, NOR=488), of whom 212 (21.4%) had died. ANGPTL4 was independently associated with risk in both populations [ARG: HR 1.65 (95%CI 1.35-2.01), p&lt;0.001] and [NOR: HR 1.30 (95%CI 1.07-1.57), p=0.008]. These HR do not not differ significantly (Z=1.68; p=0.093). In the combined population, ANGPTL4 yielded an HR (95%CI) for all-cause mortality of 1.87 (1.67-2.10) in the univariate and 1.43 (1.23-1.67) in the adjusted analysis. ANGPTL4 was significantly higher in the ARG as compared to the NOR population (3.74 vs. 2.89 ng/mL, p&lt;0.0001), as was TG (1.60 vs. 1.30 mmol/L, p&lt;0.0001, whereas the opposite was noted for the other lipid fractions (TC 4.60 vs. 5.50 mmol/L, HDL-C 1.00 vs. 1.30 mmol/L, LDL-C 2.67 vs. 3.46 mmol/L (each p&lt;0.0001). Conclusion ANGPTL4 is independently and positively associated with total mortality in patients with chestpain of suspected coronary origin, but the weight of risk did not differ significantly between the Argentinian and the Norwegian population, despite significant differences in lipid fractions.

• Alfonso, Jose Hernan (2026). Mot bedre risikovurdering av hudsensibiliserende kjemikalier. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Alfonso, Jose Hernan (2026). Challenges and opportunities for the prevention of Allergic Contact Dermatitis: SKINSENREG & SKINSENMIX. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Nilsen, Dennis WT; Fuente, Ricardo Leon de la; Næsgaard, Patrycja Anna; Aarsetøy, Reidun; Gallo, P & Andersen, Trygve Brugger [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). Angiopoietin like 4 (ANGPTL4) protein challenges brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) as a prognostic biomarker in patients admitted with chest pain of suspected coronary origin. European Heart Journal. ISSN 0195-668X. 47(Supplement_1). doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehag785.1850. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Abstract Background BNP is predominantly synthesized in the ventricular myocardium and is released into the circulation in response to ventricular distention in heart failure and secondary to ventricular dysfunction in an acute coronary syndrome (ACS). ANGPTL4 is an important modulator of lipid metabolism and is involved in the regulation of vascular integrity and angiogenesis. Elevated levels of both biomarkers play a pivotal role in cardiovascular disease and serve as prognostic indicators of ACS and heart failure. Their prognostic significance has previously been explored [1]. Aims To assess the prognostic weighting in ACS of ANGPTL4 and BNP in a crosscontinental setting. Methods Patients admitted with chest pain of suspected coronary origin were recruited in Norway and Argentina, applying similar protocols, and matched by propensity scoring according to age, sex and use of statins, yielding 507 subjects in each group. A Cox regression model, adjusting for traditional cardiovascular risk factors, was fitted for standardized logANGPTL4 and logBNP, respectively, with all-cause mortality within 5 years as the dependent variable. Multivariable analysis was performed for the assessment of the hazard ratio (HR) 95% confidence interval (95%CI). Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) for calculation of Area Under Curve (AUC) (95%CI) was performed in the combined populations for evaluation of crosscontinental biomarker utility. Results There was no significant difference in death rates at 5 years follow-up in the Argentinian (20.1%) and Norwegian (22.7%) cohort of patients, p=0.32. In the multivariable adjusted analysis, ANGPTL4 was independently associated with all-cause mortality in each cohort: [HR 1.65 (95%CI 1.35-2.01), p&lt;0.001] and [HR 1.30 (95%CI 1.07-1.57), p=0.008], respectively. The corresponding results for BNP were: [HR 1.61 (95%CI 1.28-2.04), p&lt;0.001] and [HR 1.65 (95%CI 1.29-2.10), p&lt;0.001]. AUC for ANGPTL4 in both populations combined was 0.718 (95%CI 0.680-0.756) and for BNP 0.730 (95%CI 0.691-0.769). Conclusion In the Argentinian cohort, ANGPTL4 carries the same risk for 5-years’ mortality as BNP does in the Norwegian cohort (Z=0.004; p= 0.997). In the combined population, BNP performs better than ANGPTL4 as judged by the AUC in the ROC analysis.

• Alfonso, Jose Hernan (2026). Melanom: fra kjente risikofaktorer til persontilpasset risikovurdering. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Prince, Ruth Jane; Malinga, Wayne & Berger, Inga Rotneim (2026). Solar-Powered Boreholes, Community Participation and Sustainability in rural Zimbabwe: A master thesis study in a rural community in Matabeleland North. Universitetet i Oslo. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Access to safe and reliable water is fundamental for sustaining life. Despite international commitments and ongoing efforts to achieve universal access to clean water, gaps persist particularly in rural areas of Sub-Saharan Africa. In recent decades, solar-powered boreholes have been promoted as a solution to rural water access challenges. This study examines the technical, social, financial and institutional factors that influence these systems long term sustainability from three rural villages in Matabeleland North, Zimbabwe. The study also explores how these factors contribute to the distribution of benefits within the community, between one non-governmental organisation, and for-profit solar borehole installation companies. The study uses a qualitative case study design. Data were collected through individual interviews and three focus group discussions. Participants included community members, village heads, non-governmental representatives and local solar-borehole installation companies. The analysis and discussion were informed by socio-technical systems theory and the critiques produced from the anthropology of development. The findings from this study show that the solar-powered boreholes improved water access, and community members described water as closer and easier to collect. Women and girls benefited from reduced physical labour and time available for other activities, although responsibility for fetching water largely remained theirs. At the same time, the solar-powered boreholes had several challenges, with limited storage capacity, ageing components, security concerns, high repair costs, financial constraints and limited local technical knowledge. Major repairs and specialist knowledge remained dependent on the non-governmental organisation for payments, to the solar-borehole installation companies. The study concludes with that the solar-powered boreholes should be understood as social systems through relationships between technology, community and external actors. It is accurate to recognize that the non-governmental organisation included in this study, is part of the network through which the solar-powered boreholes continue to function in the rural community in Matabeleland North, Zimbabwe.  

• Enriquez, Brian Anthony & Aamodt, Anne Hege (2026). Beyond Vessel Occlusion: Biological Vulnerability and Procedural Determinants of Outcome in Expanded Endovascular Thrombectomy Indications. Universitetet i Oslo. ISSN 9788234809248. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is standard care for acute ischemic stroke caused by proximal large vessel occlusion, but many patients seen in clinical practice were underrepresented in the pivotal trials. This thesis examines functional outcome, safety and prognostic determinants after EVT in tandem occlusions, medium vessel occlusions, patients aged 80 years or older, and stroke with large infarct stroke It is based on three observational studies from the OSCAR registry and a secondary analysis of the randomized TENSION trial. EVT could be performed with acceptable safety, and many patients achieved favourable functional outcomes. In patients with large infarcts, functional outcomes after EVT did not differ significantly between women and men. Several factors beyond the occlusion itself were associated with outcome, including the number of thrombectomy passes, baseline tissue condition, premorbid function and patient vulnerability. These findings suggest that individualized assessment of such factors may be important alongside confirming the target occlusion.

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